腺病毒载体介导的PML生长抑制因子对前列腺癌细胞生长和致瘤能力的 …

为探讨用腺病毒载体携带ＰＭＬ基因作为前列腺癌基因治疗的可能性，应用重要组人携带ＰＭＬ基因腺癌感染培养的前列腺癌细胞，观察表达ＰＭＬ蛋白的癌细胞与对照组癌细胞的体外生长的裸鼠生长和裸鼠体内致瘤能力变化，对荷瘤裸鼠瘤体周围注射Ａｄ－ＰＭＬ，观察治疗组和对照组肿瘤生长的变化。结果显示，感染Ａｄ－ＰＭＬ后肿瘤生长速度明显减慢。证实了ＰＭＬ是一种生长抑制因子，提示其可能被应用于前列腺癌的基因治疗研究 。     

PML生长抑制因子过表达抑制前列腺癌细胞生长和致瘤能力的实验研究

为探讨ＰＭＬ（Ｐｒｏｍｙｅｌｏｃｙｔｉｃｌｅａｋｅｍｉａ）生长抑制因子对人前列腺癌细胞的作用，采用ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔａｍｉｎｅ介导基因转染技术将ＰＭＬ基因和Ｇ４１８抗性基因联合导入体外培养的人前列腺癌细胞，经Ｇ４１８筛选、Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交检测出ＰＭＬ蛋白过表达细胞克隆，经体外生长抑制试验和裸鼠体内致瘤能力试验，观察ＰＭＬ过表达对前列腺癌细胞体外生长和裸鼠体内致瘤能力的影响。结果证实ＰＭＬ基因被成功地导入前列腺癌细胞中并得到高效表达。过表达ＰＭＬ蛋白的细胞体外生长能力和裸鼠体内致瘤能力明显低于对照细胞。提示ＰＭＬ生长抑制因子过表达能够有效地抑制前列腺癌细胞的体外生长和裸鼠体内的致瘤能力。     

腺病毒载体介导的PML生长抑制因子用于胆囊癌基因治疗的实验研究

目的 探讨腺病毒介导的PML基因对胆囊癌细胞（GBC-SD）的生长抑制作用。方法 用原位杂交和免疫组织化学法分别检测PMI，重组腺病毒的转导效率、GBCSD中PMI，mRNA和蛋白的表达量及表达时间，MTT法检测PML基因转染后GBC-SD的生长状况，观察转染PML基因后GBC-SD的致瘤能力的变化。结果 腺病毒滴度为100MOI时被感染的胆囊癌细胞可达100％，Ad-PML感染的GBC-SD能高效表达PML-mRNA和PML蛋白，表达时间可持续2周以上，PML对GBC-SD体外生长具有明显抑制作用，Ad-PML感染的GBC-SD不能在裸鼠体内形成肿瘤。结论 腺病毒介导的PML基因能在GBC-SD细胞中稳定、高效表达，并能显著抑制GBC-SD细胞的体外生长及其在裸鼠体内的致瘤性，PML有可能用于胆囊癌的基因治疗。     

PML生长抑制因子过表达对膀胱癌细胞生长和克隆能力的影响

我们应用基因转导技术将人ＰＭＬ(Ｐｒｏｍｙｅｌｏｃｙｔｉｃｌｅａｋｅｍｉａ)基因导入体外培养的人膀胱移行细胞癌细胞 ,探讨ＰＭＬ生长抑制因子过表达对膀胱癌细胞生长和克隆形成能力的影响 ,报告如下。材料与方法　应用Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔａｍｉｎｅ分别联合转导体外培养的人膀胱移行细胞癌细胞 (5 6 37细胞 )。一组为含人ＰＭＬｃＤＮＡ的质粒ＰＳＧ5ＰＭＬ和含Ｇ418抗性基因的质粒ＳＶ2 ｎｅｏ ,一组为不含人ＰＭＬｃＤＮＡ的质粒ＰＳＧ5和含Ｇ418抗性基因的质粒ＳＶ2 ｎｅｏ(基因转导方法由美国Ｌｉｆｅ生物技术公司提供 )。从第一组…     

腺病毒介导反义c-myc基因抑制人肝癌细胞生长的研究

目的观察重组腺病毒介导反义c-myc基因(Ad-ASmyc)对体外培养人肝癌细胞的生长抑制作用和裸鼠体内移植肝肿瘤的治疗效果.方法Ad-ASmyc感染人肝癌细胞系后,观察细胞生长形态变化,通过细胞生长曲线、流式细胞仪分析、逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、免疫印迹法(Western blot)分析Ad-ASmyc对人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721和HCC-9204细胞生长、c-myc和bcl-2基因表达的影响;裸鼠皮下移植瘤内注射3种不同剂量Ad-ASmyc(1×109pfu-A组,1×108pfu-B组,1×107pfu-C组)抑制裸鼠肿瘤生长的差异.结果Ad-ASmyc可高效转导人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721和HCC-9204,抑制细胞生长(抑制率分别为48.72%和56.88%),诱导肝癌细胞G1期阻滞和凋亡,c-myc、bcl-2 RNA及c-myc蛋白水平下降;瘤内注射3种不同剂量Ad-ASmyc均可明显抑制裸鼠皮下移植肿瘤生长,抑制率分别为47.1%、77.3%和82.6%(与对照组比较,P＜0.01).结论重组腺病毒介导的反义c-myc基因能够引起人肝癌细胞c-myc、bcl-2 RNA及c-myc蛋白表达下调和细胞生长抑制,瘤内注射Ad-ASmyc治疗裸鼠皮下移植肝癌有效.     

新型血管生成抑制人内皮细胞抑制素-血管内皮细胞生长抑制因子151治疗胃癌的实验研究

目的研究重组腺病毒表达的人内皮细胞抑制素-血管内皮细胞生长抑制因子151(hENDO-VEGI151)融合蛋白对胃癌的抑制作用.方法构建携带hENDO-VEGI151融合基因的重组腺病毒载体,脂质体介导法包装重组腺病毒Ad IL-3/hENDO-VEGI151.体外检测融合基因的表达及融合蛋白的生物学活性.应用鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜(CAM)模型及荷人胃癌裸鼠模型,进一步观察融合蛋白对活体血管生成的影响和融合基因治疗活体胃癌的疗效.结果用TCID50法测定携带融合基因的重组腺病毒滴度为4.2×1011TCID50/ml;用聚合酶链反应(PCR)、逆转录(RT)-PCR和免疫组织化学方法证实融合基因可被转导入SGC-7901细胞内并稳定高效地转录和表达;Western blot显示融合蛋白可被分泌到胞外发挥作用;融合蛋白可强烈抑制ECV-304细胞生长及鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管形成.Ad IL-3/hENDO-VEGI151治疗可强烈抑制裸鼠体内种植瘤生长,明显下调肿瘤微血管密度,促进胃癌细胞凋亡.结论 hENDO-VEGI151是一条新型强效的肿瘤血管生成抑制基因,其表达产物可能通过作用于肿瘤新生血管形成的不同环节强烈抑制新血管生成和肿瘤生长,值得进一步研究.     

重组腺病毒载体介导人OSM 基因对胰腺癌细胞增殖的抑制作用及对裸鼠致瘤性的影响

目的　构建了含人抑瘤素M (humanoncostatinM ,hosm)基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒载体 ,观察其对胰腺癌细胞株BxPC3 在体外生长抑制情况及在裸鼠致瘤性改变的作用 ,为胰腺癌的基因治疗提供参考。方法　用含hosm基因的缺陷型腺病毒载体转染人胰腺癌细胞株 ,用RT PCR法检测外源hosm基因在其中的表达 ;苔盘蓝染色、细胞计数法检测ad hosm对BxPC3 的体外增殖抑制情况 ;裸鼠皮下接种转染ad hosm的BxPC3 ,观察其对肿瘤形成率的影响。结果　hosm基因在转染细胞能有效的表达。体外试验示ad hosm能明显抑制BxPC3 的生长 ,ad hosm能抑制BxPC3 在裸鼠中的成瘤作用。结论　重组腺病毒介导hosm基因表达能有效抑制BxPC3 在体外、体内的增殖 ,提示重组腺病毒介导的hosm基因治疗可能成为胰腺癌治疗的侯选方案。     

p16基因修饰的小鼠肾癌细胞体致瘤性观察

目的：探讨ｐ１６基因修饰后小鼠肾癌细胞体内致癌性的变化。方法：将携带ｐ１６基因腺病毒体外转染的小鼠肾癌Ｒｅｎｃａ细胞ｐ１６基因修饰的肾癌细胞、野生型肾癌细胞及对照基因ＬａｃＺ修饰的肾癌细胞分别接种于小鼠皮下，观察肿瘤生长情况及小鼠存活时间，每组１０只小鼠。结果：经ｐ１６基因修饰的肾癌细胞在小鼠体内出现肿瘤的时间在Ａｄｐ１６基因实验组比野型对照组及ＡｄＬａｃＺ对照组晚５天，且肿瘤生长缓慢（Ｐ＜０．０     

人Uroplakin Ⅱ启动子用于靶向性基因治疗膀胱癌的实验研究

目的探讨利用人UroplakinⅡ(hUPⅡ)启动子进行靶向性基因治疗膀胱癌的可能性。方法将hUPⅡ启动子和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)克隆到腺病毒载体Ad5中,构建重组体pAd-hUPⅡ-TNF。转染细胞293后产生复制缺陷型的重组腺病毒,感染膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87,检测TNF-α对BIU-87细胞体外生物学行为及体内成瘤性的影响。结果成功构建pAd-hUPⅡ-TNF重组腺病毒载体,转染细胞293获得复制缺陷型重组腺病毒。BIU-87细胞经重组腺病毒感染后可产生高浓度的TNF-α,并降低BIU-87的生长速度。感染腺病毒的BIU-87培养液可抑制L929细胞的生长。裸鼠原位膀胱肿瘤动物模型实验结果表明膀胱灌注重组腺病毒48h后,裸鼠尿液含高浓度的TNF-α,4周后腺病毒组膀胱重量和体积明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论hUPⅡ启动子TNF-α为治疗基因的重组腺病毒可特异性使膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87产生高浓度的TNF-α,并降低BIU-87和L929细胞的生长速度。重组腺病毒可使裸鼠尿内含高浓度的TNF-α,并可抑制裸鼠原位膀胱肿瘤动物模型膀胱癌细胞的成瘤性。     

谷氨酰胺酶反义基因对裸鼠胃癌移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的 研究反义核酸技术封闭谷氨酰胺酶（GA）基因对裸鼠体内胃癌生长的抑制作用。方法将携带GA反义基因的质粒转染胃癌细胞SGC-7901，并将转染的胃癌细胞接种于裸鼠皮下，观察其在裸鼠体内的生长情况，通过病理学检查和免疫组化方法评价细胞增殖活性的改变；RT-PCR技术检测移植瘤内GA mRNA的含量。结果GA反义基因质粒载体成功转染胃癌细胞后，癌细胞成瘤能力下降，肿瘤生长速度减慢，肿瘤血管生成减少，肿瘤组织GA mRNA的含量减少。结论GA反义基因有效抑制GA基因的表达并抑制胃癌细胞在裸鼠体内的生长。     

The growth inhibitory effect of p21 adenovirus on androgen-dependent and -independent human prostate cancer cells

OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential of p21 as a gene therapy treatment for prostate cancer, by introducing p21 into both androgen-dependent (AD) and -independent (AI) human prostate cancer cell lines via a recombinant adenoviral vector, Ad5CMV-p21, carrying human p21 cDNA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The LNCaP, DU145 and PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines were cultured and infected with Ad5CMV-p21. Cell growth, cell-cycle progression and tumorigenicity were then assessed by thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA, and cell number, flow cytometry, and tumour growth after inoculating the cells into nude mice. RESULTS: Growth was inhibited in Ad5CMV-p21 viral-infected AD and AI prostate cancer cells. The effects were dose-dependent, regardless of the androgen status of the cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis showed that Ad5CMV-p21 arrested cell-cycle progression at G1/S with no appreciable effect on the levels of apoptotic cells. The tumorigenicity of cancer cells infected with Ad5CMV-p21 was greatly reduced in athymic mice. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Ad5CMV-p21 may be a new therapeutic agent for human prostate cancer gene therapy.     

MicroRNA-613靶向Frizzled7对裸鼠人前列腺癌细胞移植瘤增殖和侵袭的影响

目的观察microRNA-613(miR-613)对裸鼠人前列腺癌细胞移植瘤生长及侵袭的影响。方法在4组裸鼠腋下皮下分别注射对数生长期的前列腺癌细胞PC3-miR-NC、DU145-miR-NC和稳定表达miR-613的PC3-miR-613、DU145-miR-613细胞,建立裸鼠移植瘤模型。采用免疫组化检测FZD7的表达,采用Western blot检测FZD7、β-catenin、p-β-catenin、E-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白的表达。结果PC3-miR-613、DU145-miR-613组移植瘤体积分别小于PC3-miR-NC、DU145-miR-NC组(P<0.05),且FZD7、β-catenin、p-β-catenin、Vimentin蛋白相对表达量降低,E-cadherin相对表达量增高。结论miR-613靶向FZD7抑制裸鼠人前列腺癌细胞移植瘤生长和侵袭进程。     

Melatonin and prostate cancer cell proliferation: interplay with castration,epidermal growth factor,and androgen sensitivity

BACKGROUND: Potential modulatory effects of melatonin on the proliferation of androgen-sensitive LNCaP and androgen-insensitive PC-3 and DU 145 prostate cancer cells were reported recently. In this study, we investigated the effects of combined melatonin and castration on LNCaP tumor growth in vivo, the interactions between melatonin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on LNCaP cell proliferation, and melatonin actions on the proliferation of PC-3 and DU 145 cells. METHODS: Tumor development and growth in castrated nude mice inoculated with LNCaP cells or in intact animals inoculated with DU 145 cells, with or without daily melatonin treatment, were monitored by observation and caliper measurement. MT(1) receptor expression in native or transfected prostate cancer cell lines was examined by immunocytochemistry or 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding. Cyclin D1 expression in LNCaP cells was assessed by Western blotting, and cell proliferation was measured by thymidine incorporation and/or cell count. RESULTS: Melatonin treatment was associated with further decreases in LNCaP tumor incidence and growth rate in castrated nude mice. Melatonin and 2-iodomelatonin (a melatonin receptor agonist) attenuated EGF-stimulated increases in LNCaP cell proliferation and cyclin D1 levels. Melatonin had no effect on the proliferation or growth of MT(1) receptor-expressing DU 145 cells, and of PC-3 cells in which MT(1) receptor protein was undetectable. The proliferation of transfected PC-3 cells expressing MT(1) receptor was unaffected by 2-iodomelatonin. CONCLUSION: Together with previous data, the present results indicate synergistic action of melatonin and castration in inhibiting the growth of androgen-sensitive LNCaP tumor. Androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell proliferation may be modulated by opposite changes in cyclin D1 levels induced by activated MT(1) and EGF receptors. In androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cells, MT(1) receptor-mediated signal transduction may become defective not only through changes in membrane receptor protein expression and/or functions, but also by means of alterations in downstream postreceptor signaling events.     

NK4基因转染对前列腺癌DU145细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡的影响

研究HGF拮抗剂NK4在前列腺癌中的作用。将包含NK4cDNA的表达载体pBudCE4．1-EGFP-NK4转染到DU145细胞中。体外实验检测白分泌的NK4对肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移、转移及凋亡的影响。体内实验裸鼠分为三组,分别皮下种植DUl45、空质粒转染的Dul45和NK4转染的DUl45细胞,检测皮下肿瘤的大小、细胞凋亡及细胞增殖情况。体外实验结果显示转染NK4的DUl45细胞可以分泌NK4蛋白。自分泌的NK4抑制HGF诱导的肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移及转移,促进凋亡（P〈0．01）。NK4可以调节HGF受体c－Met及其下游ERKl与Akt1／2蛋白的活性。体内实验显示,NK4转染DUl45细胞组的肿瘤生长及细胞增殖受到抑制,同时肿瘤细胞凋亡增加。本实验显示包含NK4cDNA的表达载体转染前列腺癌细胞可以有效地调节肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭及凋亡。NK4作用于HGF／c－Met可以作为前列腺癌治疗的一个有效靶点。     

Neutral endopeptidase inhibits prostate cancer tumorigenesis by reducing FGF-2-mediated angiogenesis

Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is a cell surface peptidase that catalytically inactivates a variety of physiologically active peptides including basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2). We investigated the effect of using lentivirus to overexpress NEP in NEP-deficient DU145 prostate cancer cells. Third-generation lentiviral vectors encoding wild-type NEP (L-NEP), catalytically inactive mutant NEP (L-NEPmu), and green fluorescent protein (L-GFP) were stably introduced into DU145 cells. FGF-2 levels in cell culture supernatants decreased by 80% in L-NEP-infected DU145 cells compared to cells infected with L-NEPmu or L-GFP (P<0.05) while levels of other angiogenic factors were not altered. In vitro tubulogenesis of human vascular endothelial cells induced by conditioned media from DU145 cells infected with L-NEP was significantly reduced compared with that from DU145 cells infected with L-GFP (P<0.05). Tumor xenografts from L-NEP-infected DU145 cells were significantly smaller compared to control cell xenografts and vascularity within these tumors was decreased (P<0.05). Our data suggest that stable expression of NEP in DU145 cells inhibits prostate cancer tumorigenicity by inhibiting angiogenesis, with a probable mechanism being proteolytic inactivation of FGF-2.     

Antitumor effect of reduction of 150-kDa oxygen-regulated protein expression on human prostate cancer cells

BACKGROUND: The 150-kDa oxygen-regulated protein ORP150, a new member of the heat shock protein family that functions as a molecular chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum, was found to increase in infiltrating cancer cells. Since enhancement of ORP150 expression and the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human prostate cancer glands were immunohistochemically demonstrated, we examined whether transduced antisense ORP150 cDNA can reduce angiogenicity and tumorigenicity through suppression of VEGF secretion. METHODS: Human prostate cancer specimens were immunohistochemically stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for ORP150 or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). An adenovirus vector (Ad) carrying antisense ORP150 cDNA (AdCA-Antisense ORP150) was constructed and infected to prostate cancer DU145 cells. Expression of ORP150 in the cells was analyzed with western blotting and secretion of VEGF into the supernatant with an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Angiogenicity was evaluated by chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to examine tumorigenicity. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical study proved that the expression of ORP150 and VEGF was enhanced in the cytoplasm of prostate cancer cells. The Ad showed 100% transduction efficiency and minimum cytotoxicity when the cells were infected at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 20 for 24 h. Expression of ORP150 was substantially reduced by the antisense treatment. Secretion of VEGF into the culture supernatant was reduced to 30%. Consequently, the CAM assay showed relatively low angiogenicity, while marked suppression of tumor formation was observed in the xenograft model. CONCLUSION: Adenoviral-mediated antisense ORP150 cDNA transfer is well worth considering as an option for prostate cancer gene therapy.     

Monomethylated selenium inhibits growth of LNCaP human prostate cancer xenograft accompanied by a decrease in the expression of androgen receptor and prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

OBJECTIVES: Epidemiological studies and prevention trials suggest selenium is a promising preventive agent for prostate cancer. Selenium-containing compounds inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cell lines including androgen sensitive LNCaP and androgen insensitive DU145 and PC3 cells in vitro. Previous study revealed a novel mechanism of selenium action in which selenium (methylseleninic acid (MSA)) markedly reduced androgen receptor (AR) signaling in prostate cancer cells, suggesting that selenium might act as an antiandrogen, which could serve as a therapeutic agent for prostate cancer. In this study, we tested whether selenium (methylselenocysteine (MSC)) affects tumor growth of human prostate cancer cells by targeting AR signaling in vivo. METHODS: Prostate tumor xenografts were established in nude mice by co-inoculating LNCaP cells with Matrigel. The mice-bearing tumors were treated with or without MSC (100 microg/mouse/day) via intraperitoneal injection for 2 weeks. The effect of MSC on tumor growth, AR, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression was examined. RESULTS: Methylselenocysteine (MSC) significantly inhibited LNCaP tumor growth (P < 0.05). AR expression in tumor tissues and serum PSA levels were considerably decreased in MSC-treated mice compared to the vehicle controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacological dose of MSC inhibits the growth of LNCaP human prostate cancer in vivo accompanied by a decrease in the expression of AR and PSA. These findings suggest that selenium (MSC) can serve as a therapeutic agent aimed at disruption of AR signaling for prostate cancer.