地鼠颊鼠癌生成过程中红细胞免疫功能的动态检测

将４０只金黄地鼠随机分为４组，每组１０只，１组用于空白对照，其余３组０．３％二甲基苯并蒽丙酮溶液涂布颊囊粘膜，每周３次诱癌，至第６，９，１２周时颊粘膜依次表现为白斑，原位癌和浸润癌因诱癌全过程中动态检测红细胞免疫功能和血浆纤维蛋白原含量，结果发现，癌变前得均无变化，肿瘤生成后红细胞免疫功能下降，纤维蛋白原含量升高，此变化随肿瘤的继续生长而加剧。本文还对上述变化的原因进行了初步分析。     

金黄地鼠颊囊癌生成过程中过氧化脂质和超氧化物歧化酶活性的动态研究

实验选用４８只金黄地鼠做实验对象，随机分为６组，其中４组用０．５％ＤＭＢＡ丙酮溶液涂布颊囊粘膜诱癌，第９周时粘膜癌变。分别于６、９、１２、１８周日才进行Ｐ—ＬＰＯ和Ｅ—ＳＯＤ测定，动态地分析肿瘤发生发展过程中血浆过氧化脂质和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活性含量的变化情况，探讨Ｐ—ＬＰＯ和Ｅ—ＳＯＤ含量变化与肿瘤间的关系。结果发现，诱癌早期，肿瘤未出现时，Ｐ—ＬＰＯ呈逐步上升趋势，Ｅ－ＳＯＤ则逐步下降；肿瘤生成后，前期Ｐ—ＬＰＯ开始下降，但未低于正常水平，后期则急剧升高并超过癌变前最高水平，而Ｅ—ＳＯＤ在肿瘤早期便急剧上升并持续到后期与Ｐ—ＬＰＯ呈高含量水平平衡．实验结果表明，自由基和其清除物含量的测定对预测肿瘤的发生发展和提供诊疗依据有一定帮助。     

DMBA诱导的金黄地鼠颊囊粘膜癌变中超氧化物歧化酶动态观察

用ＤＭＢＡ诱导的金黄地鼠颊囊粘膜癌为模型，进行诱癌粘膜的光镜、电镜观察，并在诱癌的不同时期检测诱癌组织的总ＳＯＤ活性的动态变化。结果表明，诱癌粘膜总ＳＯＤ活性随ＤＭＢＡ处理时间的增加呈动态下降，表现为明显负相关关系（ｒ＝－０．９９７，Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示ＳＯＤ可作为诱癌过程的一个判断指标，可用于肿瘤防治的干预试验。     

肝素在DMBA诱导地鼠颊囊粘膜癌变过程中的作用的初步研究

作者在ＤＭＢＡ诱导地鼠夹囊癌第７周起，于每次涂布ＤＭＢＡ前一小时用肝素加低分子右旋糖酐（５ｕ／ｍｌ）混合液给实验组地鼠腹腔内注射（０．４ｍｌ／１００ｇ），至第１８周，其过程中记录每只地鼠颊鼠癌时间（以粘膜出现三向平均直径为３ｍｍ肿瘤块的时间为准），并与对照组（单纯诱癌而不给抗凝处理）比较，结果实验组地鼠颊囊癌变时间平均比对照组延长３２．６天（Ｐ〈０．０１）。经血液流变和微循环检测证实，两组间有差异     

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者红细胞免疫功能的初步研究

通过酵母多糖检测法对５６例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者和４５例健康对照者红细胞免疫粘附功能的检测，结果：口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率显著下降，而红细胞免疫复合物花环率显著增高。本文同时结合文献讨论了红细胞免疫功能在恶性肿瘤发生发展过程中所起作用和肿瘤患者红细胞免疫功能变化的可能原因。     

口腔扁平苔藓患者血浆纤维结合蛋白和纤维蛋白原的测定和分析

采用速率散射比浊法，对１４例口腔扁平苔藓患者的血浆纤维蛋白原（Ｆｇ）、纤维结合蛋白（Ｆｎ）进行检测，结果发现患者的Ｆｎ含量高于健康对照组，Ｆｇ含量无明显变化。作者认为Ｆｎ的增高与口腔扁平苔藓患者血小板对诱聚剂反应增强，Ⅱ相聚集曲线高陡有直接的关系。     

头颈部肿瘤患者超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化脂质的初步研究

本文通过对70例头颈部肿瘤(40例恶性肿瘤,30例良性肿瘤)红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(ESOD)活性和血浆过氧化脂质(P-LPO)含量检测,发现头颈癌患者E-SOD活性明显降低(P<0.05),P-LPO含量显著升高(P<0.001),E-SOD/P-LPO比值缩小。有颈部或远处转移组P-LPO含量明显高于非转移组(P<0.05)。恶性肿瘤组术后7天内P-LPO含量较术前更高(P<0.05),但与非恶性肿瘤组术后P-LPO含量变化相似。本文对头颈癌患者体内自由基代谢的变化进行分析。     

DMBA诱导的金黄地鼠颊囊白斑癌变过程中红细胞抗肿瘤能力及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的动态观察

作者选用38只叙利亚金黄地鼠随机分为六组,Ⅰ～Ⅳ组分别用0.5%DMBA 丙酮液涂布6、9、12、18周。设空白对照组及丙酮对照组。采用红细胞与肿瘤细胞形成的花环观察以上各期红细胞的抗肿瘤能力、选用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定以上各组红细胞 SOD 的活性。结果显示:(1)培养的颊癌细胞能代替艾氏腹水癌细胞测试红细胞抗肿瘤能力;(2)实验性白斑的红细胞抗肿瘤能力介于空白对照与肿瘤组之间,随着癌变程度的加重,该指标逐渐下降;(3)实验性白斑红细胞 SOD 活性较空白对照为低,但较疣状增生为高,至早期浸润癌时,SOD 活性反而较空白对照为高,至晚期浸润癌又才逐渐下降。有报告指出,肿瘤患者 SOD 的免疫学性质已发生改变,是否从白斑到浸润癌过程中,SOD 的免疫学性质也发生了改变?这是值得更深入研究的问题。     

诱导地鼠颊囊粘膜癌过程中血液流变性研究

诱导地鼠颊囊粘膜癌过程中血液流变性研究宋宇峰温玉明本实验旨在诱导地鼠颊囊癌发生发展阶段，动态检测其血流特性，初步探讨血液流变特性的变化机制，为肿瘤的防治提供有关方面的实验依据。一、材料和方法１．实验动物及分组：叙利亚地鼠４０只，６～８周龄，雌雄各半，...     

国内期刊口腔颌面外科主要文献索引(1998.1)

国内期刊口腔颌面外科主要文献索引（１９９８．１）口腔颌面部肿瘤动物实验金黄地鼠颊囊癌前病变模型的ＢｒｏｄＵ动态观察，周曾同，等。实用口腔医学杂志１９９７，１３（４）：２５５免疫组织化学在鼠颊囊癌生成过程中红细胞免疫功能的动态检测。宋宇峰，等。临床口腔...     

Slit蛋白在地鼠颊囊癌变过程中的意义及与血管形成的关系

目的:探讨Slit蛋白在地鼠颊囊癌发展过程中的表达变化及与肿瘤新生血管之间的关系。方法:采用6~8周龄叙利亚金黄地鼠60只,建立DMBA诱发的颊囊癌模型。免疫组化法检测在颊囊癌癌变过程中Slit蛋白、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、范德华因子(v-WF)的动态表达,计数新生血管微血管密度(microvasculardense,MVD)的变化。结果:Slit蛋白在原位癌和鳞癌中高表达,与癌前病变和正常黏膜相比有显著性差异(P<0.05),VEGF阳性表达率及微血管密度(MVD)与Slit蛋白的表达呈一致性。结论:Slit蛋白在地鼠颊囊癌的发展中起重要作用,其机制可能是通过促进肿瘤新生血管的形成而发挥促癌作用的。     

实验性口腔癌的端粒行为异常研究

目的：探讨ＤＭＢＡ诱导金黄地鼠颊囊癌变过程中端粒长度动态变化。方法：Ｙｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术分析金黄地鼠颊囊癌变组织端粒ＤＮＡ序列长度。结果：金黄地鼠颊囊癌变过程中,癌变侧颊囊粘膜组织端粒长度较自身正常对照侧明显缩短,尤以诱癌后期缩短速率最快。结论：端粒长度缩短在癌变早期显著。     

Immunotherapy of chemically-induced tumors in the hamster cheek pouch with dinitrochlorobenzene.

Immune stimulation with an agent such as dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) may delay chemical carcinogenesis. Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) was used to chemically induce tumors in the hamster buccal pouch. Hamsters were studied for the effect of DNCB sensitization in the buccal pouch prior to or after DMBA tumor induction. At appropriate time intervals the hamsters were sacrificed and each cheek pouch was examined histologically for the development of DMBA-induced tumors and for the presence of lymphoid cells infiltrating the tumor site. The results show that DNCB immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis prior to or following DMBA tumor induction can alter the type of tumor produced and stimulate an infiltration of lymphoid cells into the tumor area probably invoking immune defense mechanisms.     

复方苔藓片对实验性口腔白斑癌变影响的初步研究

应用仓鼠颊囊癌动物模型系统观察活血化瘀中药复方苔藓片对口腔白斑癌变的影响。结果表明：①实验组与肿瘤对照组比较,９周时恶变率降低,１２周时肿瘤体积明显减小（Ｐ＜０．０１）;②组织学检查发现９周时实验组动物病变上皮及固有层有大量炎性细胞呈灶性浸润,而肿瘤对照组则仅见少许炎性细胞。１２周时这两组动物颊囊病变呈高分化鳞癌,但所有动物颈淋巴结及脏器（肺、肝、脾等）检查无异常发现。实验表明复方苔藓片具有抑制白斑癌变的作用。     

Hexamethylene bisacetamide as a chemopreventive agent in hamster cheek pouch tumorigenesis

The chemopreventive effect of oral and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) on 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced tumour formation in hamster cheek pouches was investigated. Male Syrian hamsters were treated by painting both cheek pouches with a 0.5% solution of DMBA twice weekly for 11 weeks. In addition to DMBA application, Group 1 hamsters were given 1% HMBA continuously in the drinking water and Group 2 hamsters received i.p. injection of HMBA at a dose of 500 mg/kg three times per week during the experiment. Group 3 animals received DMBA application alone. Thirteen weeks after the start of the experiment, the numbers of cheek pouch tumours and tumour volume were significantly decreased by oral but not i.p. administration of HMBA. Low levels of HMBA were detected in the plasma of the hamsters which were given 1% HMBA in drinking water. These results indicate that oral administration of HMBA can act as a chemopreventive agent against hamster cheek pouch tumorigenesis.     

Regional lymph node metastasis created by partial excision of carcinomas induced in hamster cheek pouch with 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene

The feasibility of using the hamster cheek pouch/dimethyl-benzanthracene (DMBA) system as an experimental model of lymphatic metastasis was investigated. Forty male Syrian golden hamsters treated with DMBA were divided into two equal groups--one with surgical excision of their tumors and a control group without tumor excision. In the excision group, the animals received three applications/week to the left cheek pouch of 0.3% DMBA in acetone for 14 weeks. Following a three-week observation period, the tumors in the pouch were excised at their base, and the animals were killed after four weeks of further observation. In the control group, the animals were treated for 14 weeks in a manner similar to that used for the excision group, left for seven weeks without treatment, and then killed. Cheek pouches with tumors and cervical lymph nodes were processed for histological examination. All of the animals, both with and without metastasis, had borne squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in their treated cheek pouches. Histologically, seven out of 16 animals in the excision group showed metastatic deposits of SCC confined to the left cervical lymph nodes, while in the control group, metastasis was not found in any of the 19 animals with SCC in their cheek pouches. The results demonstrate that surgical excision of the hamster cheek pouch carcinoma is efficient in producing unequivocal lymph node metastasis.     

DMBA诱发金黄地鼠颊囊癌变的动态研究——光镜部分

用光镜观察致癌剂二甲基本并蒽（ＤＭＢＡ）诱发８９只金黄地鼠颊囊在不同时期的癌变过程，其结果显示，在连续涂布０．５％ＤＭＢＡ３周后出现轻度上皮异常增生，连续涂布５周即出现中度异常增生，６周至９周均出现重度异常增生甚至原位癌，提示０．５％ＤＭＢＡ诱发金黄地鼠颊囊出现异常增生的最初时间为第３周，６周后即已发展至原位癌，也进一步提示１～３周是研究金黄地鼠颊囊出现上皮异常增生的最初阶段。     

Effect of dietary restriction on induced hamster cheek pouch carcinogenesis

Effects of dietary restriction on DMBA (9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene)-induced carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch were investigated with particular reference to changes in epithelial thickness, mitotic activity and dysplasia. Eighty-four hamsters on either an unrestricted or a 75 per cent diet were painted with DMBA or with liquid paraffin only. Animals were killed 2 weeks before the start of painting and at 6, 12 and 18 weeks afterwards, vinblastine being injected before killing. Blocked mitoses were counted and epithelial thickness measured in a section from the pouch wall. In paraffin-painted animals, dietary restriction produced a rapid reduction in epithelial thickness and mitotic index which persisted to 18 weeks. Hyperplasia induced by DMBA applications obscured these diet-induced changes although at 12 weeks a significant reduction in mitotic index was present in the restricted group. At 12 weeks, there were fewer tumours in the restricted than in the unrestricted group but this difference disappeared by 18 weeks. The largest tumours were located consistently in the unrestricted group. Epithelial dysplasia occupied about 10 per cent of pouch mucosa in both groups. It was concluded that dietary restriction reduces epithelial thickness and mitotic activity but that these effects are overwhelmed by the action of DMBA. The delay in tumour formation caused by dietary restriction accords with other quoted studies.     

金黄地鼠颊囊黏膜癌变过程中iNOS的表达与Bcl-2的关系

目的：观察金黄地鼠颊囊黏膜癌变过程中诱导性一氧化氮（inducible nitric oxide synthase，iNOS）的表达与凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2的关系。方法：6—8周龄金黄地鼠72只，随机分为实验组（60只）和空白对照组（12只），空白对照组地鼠不做任何处理．实验组地鼠用0．5％的二甲基苯丙蒽（dimethyl-benzanthrance，DMBA）丙酮溶液诱导生成颊囊黏膜癌．并在黏膜癌变的不同阶段检测组织中iNOS和Bcl-2的表达。结果：正常地鼠颊囊黏膜组织中未见iNOS阳性表达．组织中iNOS、Bcl-2的表达强度在颊囊黏膜癌变过程中均呈上升趋势。鳞癌组织中iNOS的表达较单纯增生组织显著增强（P〈0．011；鳞癌组织中Bcl-2的表达强度明显高于轻度上皮异常增生组（P〈0．05），但与重度和中度上皮异常增生组之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；Bcl-2的表达强度随iNOS表达强度的增强呈现先升后降的复杂变化。结论：一氧化氮参与了颊囊黏膜鳞癌的发生、发展，并可能通过Bcl-2途径调节肿瘤细胞的凋亡。     

乳香酸与姜黄素对二甲基苯并蒽诱导地鼠口腔癌的化学预防作用

目的 观察乳香酸和姜黄素对二甲基苯并蒽(7,12-dimethyl benzanthracene,DMBA)诱导的叙利亚金黄地鼠口腔癌的化学预防作用、两者单独和联合应用是否可以抑制口腔癌的发生及发展,并对其抗肿瘤机制进行初步探讨.方法 实验对象为160只6～8周龄、体质量80～130 g的雄性叙利亚金黄地鼠,取10只为阴性对照组,不作任何处理;其余150只金黄地鼠用0.5％ DMBA涂抹左侧颊囊6周,第7周时采用随机数字表法将地鼠分为5个用药组和1个阳性对照组(每组25只),低浓度乳香酸组、高浓度乳香酸组、低浓度姜黄素组、高浓度姜黄素组及联合用药组分别给予5、10 mg/L乳香酸溶液,5、10 μmol/L姜黄素溶液及5 mg/L乳香酸+5μmol/L姜黄素溶液涂抹地鼠左侧颊囊18周,阳性对照组不做任何处理.第25周处死全部动物,记录肉眼肿瘤发生率、肿瘤数目及体积,行HE、5-溴脱氧尿苷(5-bromodeoxyuridine,BrdU)、免疫组化染色及花生四烯酸代谢物检测.结果 肉眼可见肿瘤发生率阳性对照组为93.8％,低浓度乳香酸组80.0％,高浓度乳香酸组81.3％,低浓度姜黄素组78.3％,高浓度姜黄素组75.0％,联合用药组73.9％;各用药组平均肿瘤数目均较阳性对照组[(2.19±0.98)个]有所降低,其中高浓度姜黄素组[(1.45±0.92)个]和联合用药组[(1.13±0.81)个]显著下降(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);各用药组组织病理学观察鳞状细胞癌病变数目均较阳性对照显著降低(P＜0.05).各用药组与阳性对照组相比均能降低BrdU增殖指数,尤以低、高浓度姜黄素组和联合用药组效果更佳(P＜0.05);高、低浓度乳香酸组、高浓度姜黄素组及联合用药组白三烯B4含量与阳性对照组相比均显著下降(P＜0.05).结论 各用药组均可明显抑制DMBA诱导的金黄地鼠口腔癌,其中联合用药组抑癌作用效果最好,乳香酸和姜黄素可以通过降低细胞增殖活性抑制DMBA诱导的金黄地鼠口腔癌的发生、发展.