进一步提高结肠CT仿真内窥镜的诊断水平

自从1994年Vining等[1]首次报道CT仿真内窥镜技术（CTvirtualendoscopy，CTVE）以来，短短数年，CT仿真内窥镜技术取得了长足的发展。虽然国内此项技术较国外起步晚，但自1998年由李子平等报道后，有关基础研究及临床应用发展较快。多家医疗单位利用先进的螺旋呼和工作站的相关软件进行了有益的探索[2,3]。对于可以应用此项崭新技术的众多体内空腔器官而言，结肠最为适宜。因此，国内外CT仿真内窥镜的报道亦多集中在结肠及结肠病变方面。结肠CT仿真内窥镜与结肠纤维内窥镜相比，具有非侵入性，病人耐受性好，无需镇静，检查时间短，易…     

结肠CT仿真内窥镜的现状及研究进展

CT仿真内窥镜技术(computed tomography virtual endoscopy, CTVE)自1994年首次报道以来,在成像技术和临床应用等方面都取得了很大进展,可用于胃肠道、血管、呼吸道、鼻腔、鼻窦、胆道系统、膀胱等空腔器官.近年来,随着CT技术的发展,多排螺旋CT的应用,使容积数据的采集速度更快、层厚更薄、范围更大,图像质量提高,Z轴分辨力提高,达到各向同性的分辨力,拓宽了CT的临床应用[1].目前,国内外对于结肠CT仿真内镜的研究较多,技术相对较成熟并日益普及.     

螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜的研究进展

螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜是一种新的血管成像检查方法,因其可观察血管内表面,可结合其他螺旋CT血管三维成像技术对血管病变进行全面的观察,有利于血管病变的诊断和治疗.对螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜的技术原理、操作方法、图像质量的影响因素、临床应用价值及限度、应用前景和展望等方面进行了综述.     

多层螺旋CT仿真内窥镜成像技术在喉癌诊断中的应用

仿真内窥镜检查是一种新的影像技术。1994年Vinig首先报道了仿真内窥镜的临床研究。对此技术在空腔器官作了相关研究和临床应用。我院自2002年2月至2005年2月间对30例喉癌患者进行多层螺旋CT仿真（MSCTVE）检查。     

螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜的研究进展

螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜是一种新的血管成像检查方法，因其可观察血管内表面，可结合其他螺旋CT血管三维成像技术对血管病变进行全面的观察，有利于血管病变的诊断和治疗。对螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜的技术原理、操作方法、图像质量的影响因素、临床应用价值及限度、应用前景和展望等方面进行了综述。     

CT仿真内窥镜技术诊断脑血管病变的临床价值

目的探讨CT仿真内窥镜技术诊断脑血管病变的临床价值.材料和方法选择经DSA证实的6例颅内动脉瘤,2例脑血管狭窄性病变,颈内动脉夹层和AVM各1例,行螺旋CT血管造影检查,应用Navigator软件三维重建血管图像模拟内窥镜观察血管腔内结构.结果CT仿真内窥镜能精确显示动脉瘤颈部的解剖关系,帮助了解狭窄处血管的内壁情况和病变程度.结论CT仿真内窥镜是一种无创的血管内腔检查技术,可直观地显示脑血管病变的内腔形态及其三维解剖关系,是DSA和其它三维CT重建方法的重要信息补充.     

螺旋CT模拟内窥镜成像技术在诊断肺癌中的应用与研究

目的:应用螺旋CT模拟内窥镜技术探讨其在肺癌诊断中的临床应用价值。材料与方法:选择20例正常肺为对照组,16例肺癌患者为病变组、全部病例均经纤维内窥镜及手术病理证实。工作站处理螺旋CT容积扫描数据后,通过软件功能调整CT值阈值,显示含气管腔的内表面,获得仿真内窥镜效果。结果:肺癌在螺旋CT模拟内窥镜下分三型:腔内肿物型,管腔狭、窄型,管腔中断型。结论:该技术是肺癌诊断的一种无创性方法,是纤维内窥镜的补充手段,应用前景尚需进一步研究提高。     

胃肠道病变螺旋CT仿真内窥镜与电子内窥镜对照分析

胃肠道病变以前一向以X线钡餐透视和电子内窥镜检查为主要手段,普通CT检查因为性能所限而较少使用。胃肠道螺旋CT仿真内窥镜检查(CTvirtual endoscopy,CTVE)是近几年内伴随螺旋CT机出现而开发出的新技术,在消化道疾患检查诊断中有了较为广泛的应用。下面就介绍消化道螺旋CT仿真内窥镜检查方法,并与电子内窥镜检查对照研究。1材料与方法1.1材料我院于2001年引进美国GE公司Hiseepd Nx/i双螺旋CT机已完成100多例消化道病变仿真内窥镜检查,成功率约96%;经电子内窥镜和病理确诊39例:胃癌19例,约占50%;胃溃疡6例,约占15%;胃息肉2例,约占5…     

仿真内窥镜的成像原理、技术操作及其临床应用

本文介绍了基于螺旋CT和MR的仿真内窥镜(vlrtual endoscopy)的成像原理、操作及其临床应用,并与纤维内窥镜和结肠钡剂灌肠检查作了比较。经初步临床应用认为该技术有较高的敏感性和特异性,目前临床应用日趋广泛,具有广阔的应用前景。     

CT胃仿真内窥镜成像技术的临床应用

目的：探讨CT胃仿真内窥镜成像技术的原理、方法、临床应用。材料与方法：将螺旋(汀容积扫描数据通过软件功能重建出沿胃中轴行程一致的多幅胃腔内表面图像，并使用电影回放功能一次回放，获得仿真内窥镜效果，用此方法检查26例胃疾病患者和正常人，并与胃部钡餐、纤维内窥镜及手术所见对照研究。结果：CT胃仿真内窥镜获得类似纤维内镜显示胃壁或胃腔内病变形态的效果。结论：CT胃仿真内窥镜提供了一种无创伤性的诊断方法，可作为胃纤维内镜的补充手段，值得临床上推广应用。     

Virtual endoscopy

Virtual endoscopy is a new-generation technique which combines the features of endoscopic viewing and cross-sectional volumetric imaging. In the evaluation of gastrointestinal cancers, virtual endoscopy has been most commonly used in colorectal carcinomas and to a much lesser extent in gastric carcinomas. In this review, the current status of virtual colonoscopy was reviewed together with a brief discussion of virtual gastroscopy.     

早期胃癌内镜、病理检查特征及其浸润深度相关性研究

 目的 回顾性分析早期胃癌(early gastric cancer,EGC)内镜、病理检查特征及其与浸润深度的关系。方法 选择经胃镜下诊断+活组织病理检查及手术后病理确诊为EGC的72例患者资料,分析内镜诊断及其临床病理特征,探讨EGC的内镜、临床病理特征及其与浸润深度相关性。结果 EGC患者的性别、年龄、主要症状、分化程度、内镜下形态学分型均与浸润深度无相关性。病灶大小直径≥2 cm者,15例侵及黏膜下层,占60.0%,病灶大小与浸润深度存在统计学关联(χ²＝22.273,P=0.000, Cramer’s V=0.556);病灶部位与浸润深度存在统计学关联(χ²＝17.743,P=0.000,Cramer’s V =0.496),上部侵及黏膜下层占77.78%,而中部及下部仅12例侵及黏膜下层(19.05%)。结论 EGC的病灶部位、病变大小与肿瘤浸润深度密切相关,探索EGC浸润深度相关的内镜及病理表现规律,可为EGC的检出、治疗与预后判断提供进一步指导依据。     

Virtual endoscopy of the middle ear

Virtual endoscopy is a computer-generated simulation of fiberoptic endoscopy, and its application to the study of the middle ear has been recently proposed. The need to represent the middle ear anatomy by means of virtual endoscopy arose from the increased interest of otolarygologists in transtympanic endoscopy. In fact, this imaging method allows the visualization of middle ear anatomy with high detail, but it is evasive and is essentially used for surgical guidance. Virtual endoscopy provides similar perspectives of the tympanic cavity but does not require the tympanic perforation. In the study of the middle ear, specific attention is given to the retroperitoneum. This region contains elevations of the medial wall (pyramidal eminence and ridge, styloid eminence and ridge, subiculum, ponticulus) and depressions (sinus tympani, posterior sinus tympani, facial sinus, fossula of Grivot, oval window fossula), which can be effectively displayed by virtual endoscopy. Virtual endoscopy is foreseen as a useful tool in preoperative management of patients who are candidates for middle ear surgery, since it can predict with high detail the patient's specific anatomy by imaging perspectives familiar to otosurgeons. Received: 3 May 2000 Accepted: 8 June 2000     

Needle endoscopy in special procedures

A needle endoscope, with a rigid shaft 2.2 mm wide and 20 cm long, an illumination range of 2-4 cm, and excellent optics, has proved to be very valuable in performing special interventional procedures because it can be inserted in any relatively straight 7-F catheter track. The needle endoscope has been very useful in combination with fluoroscopy for retracing lost drain tracks, evaluating fistulas and sinuses, performing limited pleuroscopy and laparoscopy for biopsy under direct vision, and evaluating the gallbladder and renal pelvis for location of duct openings. The author describes techniques used with the needle endoscope and results in a sample of cases. There has been no morbidity associated with the use of the instrument in over 800 examinations in a 12-year period.     

Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in Nepal

The indications for and results of 243 upper gastro-intestinal endoscopies performed in the British Military Hospital in Dharan are reviewed. The simplicity of the technique in experienced hands is stressed. It is a very cheap investigation after the initial outlay for the necessary equipment.     

Virtual endoscopy for evaluation of tracheal laceration

Rigid or fiberoptic endoscopy is performed to evaluate the trachea in a patient with suspected tracheal injury. We present a case in which CT virtual endoscopy identified a tracheal laceration not seen on axial or sagittal reformations. This case highlights the usefulness of this modality in the diagnosis and preoperative planning of tracheal injury. Electronic Publication     

Percutaneous needle endoscopy of renal cysts.

Direct visualization of the interior of renal cysts by means of an endoscope inserted through an ultrasonically guided needle in the flank has been performed satisfactorily in 12 patients. Useful information was obtained in all cases. While the procedure is still experimental, it appears promising and worthy of further evaluation.