大连市2 255名健康人静脉血血细胞正常值探讨

近年来。我国各地陆续采用自动血液细胞分析仪检测静脉血。在实践中发现。仪器法检测静脉血结果与末梢血的参考值差异很大。尤以白细胞计数偏低最为明显。给诊断和健康体检的判定带来难度。血细胞参数受地域、生活环境等诸多因素的影响，因此，有必要对大连市健康人群静脉血细胞正常参考值进行研究。以探讨和建立大连地区健康人群静脉血细胞参数正常参考范围。     

浙江丽水健康体检老年人群静脉血细胞参数参考范围调查

目的:建立丽水地区老年人静脉血细胞分析参数的参考范围。方法:随机抽取丽水地区18岁以上健康体检人数13734例,检测该人群血细胞参数,并分析其结果。结果:男性(>65岁)WBC、RBC和Hb浓度均低于男性(18岁～65岁);女性(>65岁)与女性(18岁～65岁)之间RBC、Hb差别有统计学意义;未分年龄组结果与操作规程相比较女性白细胞血小板稍低;与其它地域比较血小板测定差异明显。结论:丽水地区静脉血血细胞大部分参数存在性别与年龄的差别,并与不同地域静脉血细胞参数存在差别,应根据不同年龄组建立本地区的静脉血血细胞参考范围。     

不同生活环境下健康老年人体能体质对照分析

不同生活环境下健康老年人体能体质对照分析刘同想，孔素平，卢斯科，林忠国，陆阳芬（成都军区峨眉疗养院，四川峨眉，６１４２０５）为了探讨不同生活环境对老年人体能、体质的影响，我们对１８２例军队及地方健康男性老年人的体能、体质进行了测定。１对象和方法（１）...     

健康人血常规检测中淋巴细胞异常增高的分析

目的通过对健康体检人员静脉血血常规检测中淋巴细胞异常值明显升高现象的分析，探讨现代生活中，各种社会、环境因素对人体健康的影响。方法应用日本光电MEK-6318K全自动血细胞分析仪对2132例健康体检人员抽静脉血，进行血常规检测。结果共检测2132例健康成年人，其中男1236人，女896例，白细胞分类计数中淋巴细胞值高于40％的占688人（在40％～58％），异常率高达32．27％。结论环境、生活因素的改变，影响了人体的免疫系统，并以淋巴细胞的增高为显著特点。     

健康工人静脉血与末梢血细胞参数检测比较

在职业性健康监护中，我们发现由于静脉血和末梢血的检测方法不同，其血细胞正常范围参考值也有很大的差异。尤以白细胞总数偏低和血小板计数偏高为突出，这给职业性健康监护和职业病的诊断带来了一定的困难。为掌握血细胞分析仪检测结果的差异，为健康监护及诊断提供科学依据，我们对健康工人静脉血血细胞参数进行检测分析。现报告如下。     

老年人高血压健康教育干预的效果评价

老年人高血压健康教育干预的效果评价夏冠斌，沈一鸣，俞爱芬，陈静健康的生活方式和环境是预防高血压的主要措施，而这两者都有赖于健康教育，街道区是对社会人群开展健康教育的最基本单位。本课题是在街道社区范围内通过健康教育以达到提高老年人相应的知识，建立健康行...     

生活行为方式对中国城市老年人心理健康的影响研究——基于CHARLS2018的实证研究

目的：探讨生活行为方式因素对中国城市老年人心理健康的影响，为干预政策和措施的制定提供依据和参考。方法：使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS) 2018年全国调查数据，选取年龄≥60岁的城市老年人作为研究对象，最终样本1 962例。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)测量城市老年人的心理健康，采用多重线性回归分析城市老年人心理健康状况的相关因素。结果：被调查的1 962名中国城市老年人心理健康状况的平均得分为(6.90±5.977)分，多重线性回归分析结果显示，睡眠时长为6～10小时、文化程度为中学及以上的城市老年人心理健康程度较高；自评健康为一般、不好、很不好的，生活满意度低的，家庭未接入互联网的以及非在婚的城市老年人心理健康状况较差(均P<0.05)。结论：生活行为方式、健康因素、社会因素与人口学特征会对城市老年人心理健康产生影响。应倡导和践行健康的生活方式，建立和完善多层次、广覆盖、高质量的老年健康服务体系，创新发展老年社交生态组织，提升城市老年人的心理健康程度。     

郴州地区健康成人静脉血血细胞分析参考范围调查

目的建立郴州地区正常成人静脉血血细胞分析参数的参考范围。方法使用美国雅培CD-1800全血细胞分析仪,对郴州地区5566例健康体检者静脉血细胞18项参数进行检测。结果郴州地区体检健康人群男性WBC、NEU、LC、MID、MID%、RBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCH、MCHC明显高于女性(P均0.01)。男性PLT、MPV、PCT水平明显低于女性(P均0.01)。男性青年组与中年组比较,除WBC、MPV、PDW外,其余参数差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05);女性青年组与中年组比较,WBC、NEU、LC、MID%、MCV、RDW、MCHC、PLT、MPV差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论建立了郴州地区正常成人静脉血细胞分析参数的参考范围,青年成人和中年成人多项血细胞参数比较差异有统计学意义。     

健康人群静脉血血细胞各项参数调查分析

血细胞检测结果为临床疾病诊断提供了重要参考价值。pocH-100i是日本推Sysmex新推出的全自动血液分析仪。目前，国内未见poch—100i全自动血液分析仪各参数范围的报道资料。为此，笔者采用该仪器对健康人群静脉血细胞各参数参考范围进行了调查，结果分析如下。     

健康指标对老年人发生死亡预测价值的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨日常生活自理能力(生活依赖)、健康自评及认知功能等健康评价指标对老年人死亡的预测价值。方法 1992年采取分层、整群、随机抽取样本,问卷调查3257例55岁以上人群,并于1994、1997和2000年对该样本进行随访,8年累计死亡1155例,失访399例。对死亡与生存的相关因素进行对比分析。结果 老年人死亡与生存在性别、年龄、文化及地区上存在明显不同。有生活依赖、健康自评差和认知水平低的老年人死亡危险性高。控制混杂因素(性别、年龄、文化、地区及慢性病史)后,上述趋势依然存在。进一步分析在控制生活依赖以外的所有因素,结果生活依赖与死亡存在独立的关系,联系更密切(OR=2.279,95％CI:1.573～3.302)。以相同的方法分析健康自评和认知功能也存在同样的结果(健康自评较差者OR=1.920,95％CI:1.412～2.412;认知功能异常者OR=1.888,95％CI:1.316～2.709)。结论 老年人日常生活能力、健康自评以及认知功能分别对死亡有较高的预测价值,它们对死亡既有共同作用,也是相对独立的预测指标。对于评估老年人的健康预后及生活质量具有重要的应用价值。     

Assessment of zinc and copper status of healthy elderly people using metabolic balance studies and measurement of leucocyte concentrations

Metabolic balance studies for zinc and copper were carried out in 24 apparently healthy elderly people aged 69.7 to 85.5 yrs, living in their own homes and eating self-selected diets. The zinc and copper concentration in whole blood, plasma, and leucocytes were also measured. Mean daily intakes for zinc and copper were 137 and 20.1 mumol with mean retentions of 1.0 and -0.8 mumol, respectively. These values did not differ significantly from equilibrium (p less than 0.01). For zinc and copper, respectively, mean concentrations were 11.0 and 19.4 mumol/l in plasma, 120 and 11.5 mumol/10(6) cells in leucocytes, and 99 and 13.4 mumol/l in whole blood. These data will provide normal standard values for elderly people in good health and should serve as a basis for the investigation of elderly people with suspected deficiencies of these trace metals.     

贵阳市居家养老老年人日常生活能力影响因素研究?

目的调查贵阳市居家养老人群日常生活能力,分析其可能的影响因素,为老年人居家养老护理提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取8个居委会中年龄≥60岁的1 898名居家老年人进行日常生活能力调查;日常生活能力影响因素单因素分析采用t检验、F检验,两两比较采用LSD法,多因素分析采用多元线性回归。结果调查对象平均年龄为(71.4±5.9)岁。贵阳市居家老年人日常生活能力(ADL)总分为(14.91±3.88)分,躯体性日常生活能力(PADL)得分为(6.26±1.27)分,工具性日常生活能力(IADL)得分为(8.65±2.75)分。多元线性回归分析显示:对PADL、IADL和总的ADL有影响的因素及影响大小依次为年龄、是否参加体育锻炼、是否患慢性病和文化程度,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论贵阳市居家老年人日常生活能力总体水平较好,居家养老护理应重点关注高龄、患有慢性病和文化程度低的老年人。     

Living areas considered by healthy elderly people living in the suburbs of a metropolitan area

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify living areas perceived by healthy elderly people living in A, a Metropolitan city. The study also focused on the influences of age, gender, and family structures, residence period, the level of instrumental activities of daily living (the IADL), and frequency of weekly outing of the elderly upon their perceptions. METHODS: The inclusion criteria for the study subjects were: (1) elderly people aged 65 and over living in A city, and (2) not receiving Long-Term Insurance services. The survey period was between January and February in 2005. Self-administered questionnaires were sent to 4,000 randomly selected elderly people by mail and 3,070 (77.0%) questionnaires were returned. 2,692 (67.3%) of these could be analyzed. RESULTS: The majority of respondents perceived the entire area of A city and the local center's area as living areas. Junior high school districts and primary school districts were stated by less than 3% of all respondents as within their living areas. Regarding gender, men were more likely to respond that the local center's area was their living area, whereas women considered that the whole area of A city was included. However, there was no statistically significant difference. In terms of age, respondents aged under 79 included the whole area of A city, whereas those aged 80 and under stated that their areas of self-governing body/neighborhood association were their living areas, indicating reduction in living areas with aging. Regarding the family structure of the respondents, the most frequent answer was the entire K city in subjects in all types of households except those consisting of the subject and parents, who most frequently regarded local center's as the living area. Respondents who were living 10 years and over in K city perceived that the whole area of the city was included, but respondents residing for under 10 years perceived the local center's area to be their living area. With regard to the level of the IADL, independent elderly responded the entire city, whereas dependent elderly responded the local center's area. Moreover, the living areas of respondents became smaller with decrease in the frequency of weekly outing. CONCLUSION: The living areas perceived by elderly people differ depending on their attributes, including age and gender, IADL, frequency of weekly outing, and the period of residence. In order to provide support to facilitate the elderly staying at home, we need to consider their backgrounds and thoughts. Further investigation is necessary to identify the influences of the characteristics and environments of communities upon the elderly perception of living areas.     

Nutrition and aging: nutritional status of “apparently healthy” elderly (Dutch nutrition surveillance system).

In a nationwide survey the nutritional status was assessed of 539 apparently healthy, independently living elderly aged 65-79 years. Anthropometric data showed no energy deficits. The prevalence of anemia was 4 and 1% among men and women, respectively. Many elderly showed a low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in plasma (less than 31 nmol/L: men 35%; women 43%), indicating a marginal status. Although the prevalence of low blood levels of folate, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate, and total carotenoids was higher among the elderly than among younger adults, clear (clinical) signs of nutritional deficiencies were not observed. Prevalence of obesity (13%), hypercholesterolemia (38%), and hypertension (63%) was found to be high, the percentages being higher for women than for men. Several indicators of the nutritional status appeared to differ among age groups. It is concluded that few differences can be considered as being due to physiological aging, which finding should be reflected in reference values for elderly people.     

Nutrition and aging: nutritional status of "apparently healthy" elderly (Dutch nutrition surveillance system)

In a nationwide survey the nutritional status was assessed of 539 apparently healthy, independently living elderly aged 65-79 years. Anthropometric data showed no energy deficits. The prevalence of anemia was 4 and 1% among men and women, respectively. Many elderly showed a low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in plasma (less than 31 nmol/L: men 35%; women 43%), indicating a marginal status. Although the prevalence of low blood levels of folate, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, and total carotenoids was higher among the elderly than among younger adults, clear (clinical) signs of nutritional deficiencies were not observed. Prevalence of obesity (13%), hypercholesterolemia (38%), and hypertension (63%) was found to be high, the percentages being higher for women than for men. Several indicators of the nutritional status appeared to differ among age groups. It is concluded that few differences can be considered as being due to physiological aging, which finding should be reflected in reference values for elderly people.     

健康人医学参考值与地理因素关系的研究进展

健康人医学参考值一直是国内外研究的热点问题,很多临床医学工作者测定了本地区的医学参考值,并且许多人研究了医学参考值与性别、年龄等的关系。还有一些高原医学工作者也测定了高原地区的医学参考值,并且定性研究了医学参考值与海拔高度的关系。我们应用相关分析、回归分析、GIS、人工神经网络、主成分分析、趋势面分析、综合分析等方法,研究了健康人血液流变学、血液一般检查、血气分析、肺功能等医学参考值与海拔高度、年日照时数、年日照百分率、年平均气温、气温年较差、年平均相对湿度、年降水量、年平均风速等地理因素的关系,揭示出了中国人医学参考值的地理分布规律,为制定中国人医学参考值的标准提供了科学依据。     

我国独居老人自评健康状况及其影响因素研究

目的 了解影响我国独居老人自评健康状况的影响因素,为改善我国独居老人健康及生活质量提供参考依据。方法 通过自评问卷调查方法,采用2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）数据,了解独居老人健康状况,采用卡方检验以及多因素logistic 回归方法分析独居老人健康状况的影响因素。结果 1236名独居老年人中,自评健康较好的有551人,占比44.6%,较差的685人,占比55.4%;子女经常看望（OR =1.840,95%CI:1.080~3.135)、体育锻炼（OR =1.813,95%CI:1.385~2.372)、饮酒（OR =1.531,95%CI:1.061~2.209）、体检（OR =1.347,95%CI:1.033~1.756）、慢性病(OR =0.682,95%CI:0.532~0.875)、霉味(OR =0.533,95%CI:0.391~0.726)、睡眠6~9小时（OR =0.528,95%CI:0.393~0.710）、睡眠时间>9小时（OR =0.411,95%CI:0.283~0.597）与独居老人自评健康有关。结论 我国独居老人自评健康状况总体较差。应重视独居老人的子女关怀、生活行为方式、居住环境及慢性病状况等,更好地改善独居老人的健康状况。     

长沙市城乡老年人生活质量调查分析

目的调查长沙市城乡老年人生活质量的现状及其影响因素,为开展老年保健工作提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法,对2339名60～91岁老年人的生活质量进行调查,分析其性别、年龄、婚姻状况、家庭结构、文化程度、职业、常见慢性病、月收入等对老年人生活质量的影响。结果年龄、居住方式、婚姻状态、月收入和患慢性病情况不同的老年人生活质量总评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,而性别、文化程度和职业不同的老年人生活质量总评分比较,差异无统计学意义。结论影响老年人生活质量的因素是多方面的,应针对影响因素采取有效的干预措施,以进一步提高老年人生活质量,实现“健康老龄化”。