ENZYMO－ROCKET ELECTROPHORETIC ASSAY AND CROSSED AFFINITY ENZYMOIMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS AND ITS APLICATION IN DIAGNOSIS OF PLIMA

ＥＮＺＹＭＯ－ＲＯＣＫＥＴＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＰＨＯＲＥＴＩＣＡＳＳＡＹＡＮＤ　ＣＲＯＳＳＥＤＡＦＦＩＮＩＴＹＥＮＺＹＭＯＩＭＭＵＮＯＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＰＨＯＲＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＩＴＳ　ＡＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＤＩＡＧＮＯＳＩＳＯＦＰＬＩＭＡＲＹ　ＬＩＶＥＲＣＡＮ...     

THE EXPRESSION OF C－MYC AND N－RAS ONCOGENES IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA－AN IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION STUDY ON PARAFFIN EMBE

ＴＨＥＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＣ－ＭＹＣＡＮＤＮ－ＲＡＳＯＮＣＯＧＥＮＥＳＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡ－ＡＮＩＮＳＩＴＵＨＹＢＲＩＤＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＰＡＲＡＦＦＩＮＥＭＢＥＤＤＥＤＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＥＣＴＩＯＮ...     

CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF IMMUNOGLOBULINVARIABLE－REGION GENE OF A MONOCLONALANTIBODY SPECIFIC FOR HUMANHEPATOCARCINOMA

ＣＬＯＮＩＮＧＡＮＤＳＥＱＵＥＮＣＩＮＧＯＦＩＭＭＵＮＯＧＬＯＢＵＬＩＮＶＡＲＩＡＢＬＥ－ＲＥＧＩＯＮＧＥＮＥＯＦＡＭＯＮＯＣＬＯＮＡＬＡＮＴＩＢＯＤＹＳＰＥＣＩＦＩＣＦＯＲＨＵＭＡＮＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＹａｎｇＰｉｎｇ杨萍；ＧａｏＬｅｉ高...     

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF TWEEN－80 IN COMBINATION WITH HYPERTHERMIA ON HUMAN STOMACH CANCER CELL LINE BGC－823

ＩＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＷＥＥＮ－８０ＩＮＣＯＭＢＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＷＩＴＨＨＹＰＥＲＴＨＥＲＭＩＡＯＮＨＵＭＡＮＳＴＯＭＡＣＨＣＡＮＣＥＲＣＥＬＬＬＩＮＥＢＧＣ－８２３ＹａｎｇＨｕｃｈｕａｎ；ＹａｎｇＹａｏｑｉｎ；ＴａｏＨｕｉｈｏｎｇ；Ｚ...     

A MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM FOR CALCULATINGTHE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS OF SURVIVAL PROBABILITY IN MEDICAL FOLLOW－UP STUDIES

ＡＭＩＣＲＯＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＰＲＯＧＲＡＭＦＯＲＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＮＧＴＨＥＣＯＮＦＩＤＥＮＣＥＩＮＴＥＲＶＡＬＳＯＦＳＵＲＶＩＶＡＬＰＲＯＢＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＩＮＭＥＤＩＣＡＬＦＯＬＬＯＷ－ＵＰＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＸｉａｎｇｙｏｎｇｂｉｎｇ项永兵；Ｇａｏｙｕ...     

ADYNAMIC STUDY OF THE CYTOTOXICEFFECTS OF HYPERTHERMIA COMBINED WITH CIS－DIAMINE DICHLOROLPLATINUM（DDP） ON HUMAN GASTRIC CANC

ＡＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＴＨＥＣＹＴＯＴＯＸＩＣＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＨＹＰＥＲＴＨＥＲＭＩＡＣＯＭＢＩＮＥＤＷＩＴＨＣＩＳ－ＤＩＡＭＩＮＥＤＩＣＨＬＯＲＯＬＰＬＡＴＩＮＵＭ（ＤＤＰ）ＯＮＨＵＭＡＮＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＣＡＮＣＥＲＣＥＬＬＬＩＮＥＳＭＫＮ...     

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ADRIAMYCIN－RESISTANT SUBLINE OF THE HUMAN GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA CELLLINE

ＩＳＯＬＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＮＡＤＲＩＡＭＹＣＩＮ－ＲＥＳＩＳＴＡＮＴＳＵＢＬＩＮＥＯＦＴＨＥＨＵＭＡＮＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＡＤＥＮＯＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＣＥＬＬＬＩＮＥＷａｎｇＹａｎｐｉｎｇ；王艳萍；ＸｕＧａｎｇ；徐刚（Ｉ...     

RESEARCH ON SERUM LEVELS OF RETINOL，α－TOCOPHEROL β－CAROTENE，AND 12 ELEMENTS IN GASTRIC DYSPLASIA AND GASTRIC CANCER PATIENTS

ＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＯＮＳＥＲＵＭＬＥＶＥＬＳＯＦＲＥＴＩＮＯＬ，α－ＴＯＣＯＰＨＥＲＯＬβ－ＣＡＲＯＴＥＮＥ，ＡＮＤ１２ＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＳＩＮＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＤＹＳＰＬＡＳＩＡＡＮＤＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＣＡＮＣＥＲＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＣｈｅｎｇＷｕｆｅｎｇ；程五凤；...     

PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE ANTI－INVASIVE CHARACTER BY RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN－6 GENE－TRANSFECTED MOUSE LEUKEMIA CELLS

ＰＡＴＨＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＡＮＴＩ－ＩＮＶＡＳＩＶＥＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＢＹＲＥＣＯＭＢＩＮＡＮＴＨＵＭＡＮＩＮＴＥＲＬＥＵＫＩＮ－６ＧＥＮＥ－ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＣＴＥＤＭＯＵＳＥＬＥＵＫＥＭＩＡＣＥＬＬＳＧｅＬｉｎｆｕ葛林阜，Ｃａｏ...     

APOPTOSIS OF TUMOR CELLS IN LECTIN－DEPENDENTLYMPHOKINE－ACTIVATED KILLER CELLMEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY

ＡＰＯＰＴＯＳＩＳＯＦＴＵＭＯＲＣＥＬＬＳＩＮＬＥＣＴＩＮ－ＤＥＰＥＮＤＥＮＴＬＹＭＰＨＯＫＩＮＥ－ＡＣＴＩＶＡＴＥＤＫＩＬＬＥＲＣＥＬＬＭＥＤＩＡＴＥＤＣＹＴＯＴＯＸＩＣＩＴＹＤｏｎｇＨａｉｄｏｎｇ董海东；ＸｉｎｇＲｏｎｇ邢嵘；ＧｕｏＬｉａｎｙｉｎ...     

Mucous secretion in rat colonic mucosa during carcinogenesis induced by dimethylhydrazine. A morphological and histochemical study.

Our previous studies, in specimens of large intestine resected for carcinoma, have shown abnormal patterns of mucous secretion in areas of apparently "normal" mucosa, where goblet cells produce mainly sialomucins as compared with the true normal colonic mucosa in which sulphomucins predominate. In the present work, large bowel cancer was induced in rats by the administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-2HCl (DMH). We attempted to study the sequential histological and secretory abnormalities which developed in the colonic epithelium during carcinogenesis, and to correlate these changes with those described above in the human. The microscopical and histological lesions observed in the colonic mucosa of DMH treated rats confirmed the findings of other authors and resembled the human colorectal cancer. The earliest changes detected were small foci of hyperplasia accompanied from the 6th week onwards by several foci of dysplasia. Carcinoma in situ appeared at the 15th week and finally invasive carcinoma developed from the 19th week onwards. Changes in the type of mucous secretion, with predominance of sialomucins, were observed in the majority of the areas showing mild to moderate dysplasia whilst the surrounding normal epithelium produced suphated material. Mucous depletion was a common feature in areas of severe dysplasia and carcinoma. These findings correlated well with the similar variations in the mucin composition observed in human colonic mucosa in carcinoma and further supported our previous hypothesis that mucin changes characterized by an increase in sialomucins might reflect early malignant transformation. If this hypothesis proved to be correct, the use of a simple method for the identification of mucins in large bowel biopsies would be of great help in detecting early malignancy.     

The mucin profile in the mucosa of the large intestine in neoplasms]

Qualitative and quantitative changes in secretion of goblet cells of large bowel mucosa in adenomatous polyps (60), adenocarcinoma (30) and bioptates of adjacent transitional mucosa (30) were studied. As neoplasia progressed, mucin profile appeared to follow a certain pattern: it reached its peak in moderate dysplasia in polyps containing predominantly sulphomucins; subsequently both sulphomucin and sialomucin levels decreased. Adenocarcinomas showed a sharp drop in glycoprotein level, and an insignificant build-up of sialomucins was registered in some cases only. Enhanced abnormal secretion was observed in mucinous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of large mucinous areas. Also, qualitative changes were identified in transitional mucosa adjacent to tumor.     

Cervical intraepithelial glandular neoplasia (adenocarcinoma in situ and glandular dysplasia). A correlative study of 23 cases with histologic grading, histochemical analysis of mucins, and immunohistochemical determination of the affinity for four lectins

Twenty-three cases of cervical intraepithelial glandular neoplasia (CIGN)--a term encompassing adenocarcinoma in situ and glandular dysplasia of the uterine cervix--were studied histologically, histochemically for mucins (neutral mucins, sialomucins and sulfomucins), and immunohistochemically for the affinity of four lectins (WGA, PNA, RCA, UEA). For comparison, six cases of cervical invasive adenocarcinoma and ten cases of cervices without tumor were similarly studied. Criteria for histologic grading of CIGN into three degrees were proposed according to the hyperchromasia and the stratification of nuclei, number of mitoses, and amount of intracellular mucin. Two different types of CIGN were distinguished according to their histological aspect and their mucin pattern: CIGN type A, where the mucin pattern was qualitatively similar to that of normal endocervical mucosa, i.e., neutral mucins, sulfomucins and sialomucins; and CIGN type B, where the glandular cells resembled small intestinal goblet cells and the mucins consisted of neutral mucins and sialomucins with the absence of sulfomucins. Nine cases of CIGN were of type A, 2 of type B, and 12 of both type A and B. Differences in lectin binding existed between normal columnar cells, CIGN, and invasive adenocarcinomas, as well as between CIGN of type A and B. The intensity of the positive immunochemical reaction varied, as well as the type of binded lectin and its localization in the cell. There was a great heterogeneity in the same histologic group from one case to another, and even in the same case from one cell to another.     

Image Quantitation of Intestinal Metaplasia in Entire Gastrectomy Specimens from Swedish and Japanese Patients

The aim of this work was to investigate the extension of intestinal metaplasia (IM), as well as to quantitate various components of IM (namely sialomucins, sulfomucins and Paneth cells), in entire gastrectomy specimens from Swedish and Japanese patients. The length of the gastric mucosa was assessed by morphometry. The percent of sections with IM was regarded as the extension of IM in the specimens. Histochemically labeled sialomucins, sulfomucins and Paneth cells (the 3 main findings in gastric IM) were quantified in separate sections with the aid of an image analyzer. In total, 1,321 sections corresponding to 6 gastrectomy specimens were quantified. Sialomucins and sulfomucins were more extensively distributed in the 4 specimens with carcinoma than in the 2 without carcinoma (one having a peptic ulcer and the other, hereditary gastric cancer syndrome (HGCS) without carcinoma). On the other hand, quantitative analysis in Swedish specimens indicated that the highest values for sialomucins, sulfomucins and Paneth cells were present in HGCS. When Swedish and Japanese specimens with adenocarcinoma were compared, only sulfomucins (denoting Types II and III IM) were significantly higher in those carrying an intestinal-type carcinoma (ITC) than in those with diffuse-type carcinoma (DTC). The results substantiate those obtained with gastric biopsies by other authors. On the other hand, the mucosal extension and the amount of sulfomucins are not comparable parameters (since that mucin was not equally distributed, but “concentrated” in certain areas in the mucosa). One possible conclusion is that the focal distribution of acidic mucins and of Paneth cells in the gastric mucosa may strongly influence their detection rate in gastric biopsies. Thus, haphazard biopsy of the gastric mucosa may fail to sample areas with sulfomucins in population studies aiming to detect individuals at risk. Such sampling errors in gastric biopsies may explain the conflicting results on this subject appearing in the literature.     

Immunohistochemical study of carcinoembryonic antigen in the transitional mucosa adjacent to colorectal cancer

A combined histopathological, mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical study of the transitional mucosa (TM) adjacent to colorectal cancer is presented. Twenty-six resected specimens were studied by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB). Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was demonstrated by peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) technique. The appearance of the TM is usually thicker, longer and dilated crypts with increased immature and intermediate cells. Variable amount of sialomucins and decrease sulphomucins content as well as increased CEA content are found in the TM. These changes are not seen in non-transitional zone and normal colorectal mucosa. It is suggested that the mucin changes and expression of CEA in the TM may indicate an early primary premalignant changes and may be one of the reasons for the TM affecting the prognosis of patients with large bowel cancer after radical resection.     

Immunohistochemical study of MUC1 mucin in premalignant oral lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma: association with disease progression, mode of invasion, and lymph node metastasis

BACKGROUND: MUC1 mucin is a transmembrane, mucin-like glycoprotein encoded by the MUC1 gene. Although MUC1 expression has been identified in a variety of neoplastic tissues, to the authors' knowledge, few studies have examined MUC1 expression in premalignant and malignant oral lesions. METHODS: A total of 36 specimens of oral epithelial dysplasia, 12 carcinoma in situ (CIS) specimens and 77 specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), were examined by both light and electron microscopy using immunohistochemical staining of MUC1 mucin. Relations between staining patterns and clinicopathologic findings also were examined. RESULTS: Distinct membrane MUC1 mucin staining patterns were identified in epithelial dysplasia (33.0%), CIS (50.0%), and OSCC (59.7%) cases. A predominantly cytoplasmic staining pattern was detected in epithelial dysplasia (5.6%), CIS (41.7%), and OSCC (32.5%) cases. Significant positive correlations were found between MUC1 mucin membranous immunoreactivity and disease progression from epithelial dysplasia to OSCC (P < 0.01), mode of tumor invasion (P < 0.02), and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the malignant transformation of oral epithelium, tumor invasion, and tumor metastasis were associated with higher MUC1 mucin expression in the cytoplasm (P < 0.01). In addition to the usual cell surface expression, cytoplasmic expression of MUC1 mucin was confirmed by colloidal gold labeling with transmission electron microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study suggest that determination of MUC1 mucin expression may be a parameter in the diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions arising in the oral cavity and that this expression may affect the malignant behavior of OSCC. MUC1 mucin expression may be a useful diagnostic marker for prediction of the invasive/metastatic potential of OSCC.     

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma of the liver. A clinicopathologic and histochemical evaluation of nine cases.

Nine cases of biliary cystadenocarcinoma of the liver were studied, with emphasis on its clinicopathologic features, mucin profiles, and immunohistochemical characteristics. In general, the cystic tumors had protrusions that consisted of well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma cells with or without benign-appearing epithelial elements. In invading or metastatic foci, the carcinoma cells tended to show distinctive anaplastic changes. Tumor growth was confined to the cystic lesions in five cases (noninvasive type), whereas in four cases it extended to the hepatic parenchyma or neighboring organs (invasive type). There was a considerable difference between the two groups in terms of prognosis. In fact, the patients included in the group with the noninvasive type had no sign of tumor recurrence after an appropriate surgical procedure. With mucin histochemical and immunohistochemical approaches, positive reactions with carcinoembryonic antigen, tissue polypeptide antigen, carbohydrate 19-9, and Dupan-2 and the predominance of sialomucin were observed in most cases of biliary cystadenocarcinoma, indicating a similar cellular nature of cholangiocarcinoma.     

Tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72) expression in ulcerative colitis

Monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 reactive with the high-molecular-weight (Mr greater than 10(6) tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 is being increasingly utilized in vivo and in vitro for a variety of purposes in colon cancer patients. Recent evidence has suggested that the TAG-72 antigen expression may be enhanced in inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative colitis (Thor et al., 1986a: Cancer Res., 46, 3118-3124). We have utilized 117 paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed colonic specimens from 56 ulcerative colitis patients which demonstrate a spectrum of epithelial abnormalities (reactive atypia, dysplasia, and carcinoma) as well as 11 inflammatory controls to evaluate TAG-72 expression. Our selected patient population all had pan-colitis and demonstrated a generally increasing incidence of dysplasia or carcinoma with duration of disease (20% at 0 to 10 years, 50% at 11 to 20 years, 59% at 21 to 30 years, and 100% at more than 31 years). TAG-72 expression was similar in the control and non-dysplastic colonic epithelia, and increased with low- or high-grade dysplasia as well as carcinomatous lesions (mean cellular reactivities 23.7%, 26.5%, 36.7%, 70% and 84.3%, respectively). Epithelium with low-grade dysplasia exhibited a focal perinuclear, superficial crypt staining (when present). High-grade dysplastic epithelium showed pancytoplasmic, pan-cryptic reactivity. Invasive disease showed cytoplasmic as well as extracellular mucin staining. Biopsies from patients with active disease showed significantly more immunoreactive cells for TAG-72 than patients with quiescent disease. For any given biopsy specimen the percentage of cells reactive did not always correlate with the degree of dysplasia. TAG-72 expression in quiescent disease generally increased with duration of disease, in contrast to active disease which showed no correlation between MAb B72.3 staining and duration of disease. The frequent expression of TAG-72 in actively inflamed colonic mucosa (ulcerative colitis and other colitides) may limit the clinical utility of this antigen for detecting colon cancer in ulcerative colitis patients by serological assay or in vivo radiolocalization techniques. The tendency for TAG-72 expression to correlate with disease duration in patients with quiescent disease and to increase with more severe degrees of dysplasia suggests that the expression of this gene product correlates with the dysplasia-to-carcinoma sequence.     

Epithelial dysplasia of the rabbit colon induced by degraded carrageenan

Colonic mucosal lesions, characterized by crypt abscesses and mononuclear cell infiltration, which resemble human ulcerative colitis can be induced in rabbits by short-term (7 to 8 weeks) administration of carrageenan according to our method. In this study experimental epithelial dysplasia of the colon was induced by the p.o. administration of lambda-degraded carrageenan for a much longer period of time. Fifteen rabbits, sensitized i.m. with the same substance 1 week before, were subjected to 12 or 28 months of treatment with 1% carrageenan solution in drinking water. Histological examination disclosed chiefly mild inflammatory changes of the colonic mucosa in all animals and a focal but high-grade dysplasia (nonpolypoid) involving the mucosal epithelium in three of the five animals treated for 28 months. The present observations suggested that epithelial dysplasia of the colon may be caused in association with inflammation and that the pathological condition produced by us can be a useful model of carcinoma in situ possibly resulting from inflammation.