HEAT-CLEARING DRUGS—Selected from A Practical English—Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Drugs used for clearing away the inter-nal heat are called heat-clearing drugs.Heat-clearing drugs are cool or cold inproperty with the effects of clearing awayheat,purging fire,removing heat from theblood,detoxicating,and clearing away heatof the deficiency type.They are chiefly indi-cated for febrile diseases with high fever,dys-entery of the heat type,suppurative infec-     

DRUGS FOR CLEARING HEAT OF DEFICIENCY TYPE——Selected from A Practical English—Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine

DRUGS FOR CLEARING HEATOF DEFICIENCY TYPEThis type of drugs have the effect ofclearing heat away from the blood andcleansing heat of deficiency type.They areprincipally indicated for hectic or tidal feverdue to yin deficiency,feverish sensation inthe palms and soles,or nocturnal and linger-ing low-grade fever.These drugs are often     

PURGATIVE DRUGS——Selected from A Practical English—Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Drugs which can induce diarrhea andpromote laxation of the bowels are definedas purgative or purgativest drugs.Purgative drugs have the effects of re-laxing the bowels,clearing away heat,purg-ing fire,dispelling retained fluid and re-ducing edema.They are indicated for interi-or syndromes of excess type marked by drystool,constipation,food stagnation,accu-mulation of heat of excess type in the interi-or,edema and fluid retention.Purgative drugs are divided into three     

HEAT-CLEARING DRUGS—Selected from A Practical English-Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine

HEAT-CLEARING ANDBLOOD-COOLING DRUGSMost drugs of this type are bitter,sweet,salty,and cold.They have the effectsof dispelling pathogenic heat from the yingand blood systems,and are chiefly indicatedfor epidemic febrile diseases with thepathogenic heat already in the ying and     

HEAT-CLEARING DRUGS—Selected from A Practical English-Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine

HEAT-CLEARING ANDDAMPNESS-DRYING DRUGSMost drugs of this type are bitter in fla-vour and cold in property with the actionsof removing heat and dampness.They arechiefly indicated for damp-heat syndromes,manifesting dysphoria,bitter taste in themouth,greasy tongue coating,a feeling of     

Analysis of Age Dependent Effects of Heat Stress on EEG Frequency Components in Rats

Objective To demonstrate changes in different frequencies of cerebral electrical activity or electroencephalogram （EEG） following exposure to high environmental heat in three different age groups of freely moving rats. Methods Rats were divided into three groups （i） acute heat stress - subjected to a single exposure for four hours at 38 ℃; （ii） chronic heat stress exposed for 21 days daily for one hour at 38 ℃, and （iii） handling control groups. The digital polygraphic sleep-EEG recordings were performed just after the heat exposure from acute stressed rats and on 22nd day from chronic stressed rats by simultaneous recording of cortical EEG, EOG （electrooculogram）, and EMG （electromyogram）. Further, power spectrum analyses were performed to analyze the effects of heat stress. Results The frequency analysis of EEG signals following exposure to high environmental heat revealed that in all three age groups of rats, changes in higher frequency components （β2） were significant in all sleep-wake states following both acute and chronic heat stress conditions. After exposure to acute heat, significant changes in EEG frequencies with respect to their control groups were observed, which were reversed partly or fully in four hours of EEG recording. On the other hand, due to repetitive chronic exposure to hot environment, adaptive and long-term changes in EEG frequency patterns were observed. Conclusion The present study has exhibited that the cortical EEG is sensitive to environmental heat and alterations in EEG frequencies in different sleep-wake states due to heat stress can be differentiated efficiently by EEG power spectrum analysis.     

Examine the Correlation between Heat Shock Protein IbpA and Heat Tolerance in Cronobacter sakazakii

We used a proteomic approach to identify Ibp A in Cronobacter sakazakii(C. sakazaki), which is related to heat tolerance in this strain. The abundance of Ibp A in C. sakazakii strains strongly increased after heat shock. C. sakazakii CMCC45402 ibpA deletion mutants were successfully constructed. The C. sakazakii CMCC 45402 ΔibpA and wild-type strains could not be distinguished based on colony morphology on LB agar plates or biochemical assays. The growth of the C. sakazaki CMCC 45402 ΔibpA mutant in heat shock conditions was indistinguishable from that of the isogenic wild-type, but showed greater heat resistance than E. coli O157:H7 strain CMCC 44828. This study suggests that the absence of a single ibpA gene has no obvious effect on the phenotype or heat resistance of the strain C. sakazakii CMCC 45402.     

Forty Cases of Tumorous Fever Treated with TCM Method of Removing Blood Heat and Dissipating Blood Stasis

The TCM method of removing blood heat and dissipating blood stasis, originated in Treatise on Epidemic Febrile Diseases (温热论) by ancient physician Ye Tianshi (叶天士), was adopted for the cases of epidemic febrile diseases with pathogenic heat invading     

CHARACTERIZATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST BOTH PIG AND RABBIT ZONA PELLUCIDA

Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against both pig and rabbit zona pellucida with a dual immunization protocol employing heat soluble pig zona (HSPZ) and heat soluble rabbit zona (HSRZ), Of the 140 wells screencd, 12 wells were positive to     

Protective effects of vitamin B12, ginseng saponin, and folic acid against murine fetal deformities caused by hyperthermia

Objective To investigate the protective effects of vitamin B12 , ginseng saponin , and folic acid on mouse embryos subjected to high heat.Methods Mice were used for the experiment.Results After exposure of pregnant mice to high heat, the rates of teratism, stillbirth, and fetal absorption were markedly lower in mice treated with ginseng saponin and folic acid following heat exposure than in untreated mice. There were no significant differences in these rates when comparing mice treated with vitamin B12 with the untreated mice.Conclusions Ginseng saponin and folic acid can lessen injuries to murine embryos caused by high heat, while vitamin B12 has little protective effect against high temperature except for promoting overall embryonic growth.     

TREATMENT ON TENNIS FLBOW WITH HEAT NEEDLING—A CLINICAL SUMMARY OF 58 CASES

Tennis elbow, which is also called lateralepicondylitis of humerus, is a common clinicaldisease. Treating it with heat needling, we haveobtained satisfactory therapeutic effects. A sum-mary of our experiences follows.GENERAL DATAFrom July 1985 to July 31, 1986 we treated58 patients, 22 males and 36 females.Their agesranged from 27 to 73. In 53 cases, the right arm     

HSP27表达与肿瘤耐药关系的研究进展

热休克蛋白27(heat shock protein 27,HSP27),又名热休克蛋白B1(heat shock protein B1,HSPB1)、热休克蛋白25(heat shock protein 25,HSP25),是热休克蛋白家族中的小分子热休克蛋白亚家族(sHSP亚家族)的重要一员。近年HSP27与肿瘤的关系引人注目,而肿瘤耐药是影响肿瘤临床预后的重要方面,本文就HSP27和肿瘤耐药的关系作一综述。     

THE BODY FLUID CHANGES AFTER REPEATED HEAT EXPOSURE

1.The plasma volume,total blood volume and thiocyanate space of 6 adult young male subjects before and after repeated heat exposure have been determined by using the blue dye T1824 and sodium thiocyanate respectively.2.In comparison with the control determined before heat exposure,the values determined     

Effects of Simulated Heat Wave and Ozone on High Fat Diet ApoE Deficient Mice

Objective To discuss the cardiac toxicities of a heat waves and ozone exposure on cardiovascular diseases(CVDs) and explore a possible mechanism. Methods The incidence of ozone exposure combined with heat wave was simulated in the Shanghai Meteorological and Environmental Animal Exposure System(Shanghai-METAS). A total of 64 Apo E-/-mice, matched by weight, were randomly divided into 8 groups and exposed to heat wave conditions or ozone. The levels of creatine kinase(CK), D-lactate dehydrogenase(D-LDH), intercellular adhesion molecule 1(sICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), nitric oxide(NO), endothelin-1(ET-1), D-dimer(D2 D), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) and blood lipid in plasma and heat shock protein-60(HSP60), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha(HIF-1α), interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein(CRP), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in hearts were measured after exposure. Results The levels of all indicators, except for SOD, increased with the ozone-only exposure. However, cardiac damage was most significant when the heat wave conditions were combined with severe ozone exposure. Moreover, the levels of CK, D-LDH, NO, PAI-1, sICAM-1, and TNF-α in plasma increased significantly(P 0.05), and the contents of HSP60, HIF-1α, CRP, and MDA in hearts increased considerably(P 0.05), but the activity of SOD decreased significantly. In addition, the levels of four blood lipid items remarkably increased(except the level of HDL-C which decreased significantly) with ozone exposure. Conclusion A short-term exposure to a heat wave and ozone causes severe toxic effects on the heart. Cardiac damage was most significant under combined heat wave and severe ozone exposure simulations.     

Experimental study on the method of efficient heat acclimatization in macaques

Twenty-eight adult macaques were divided into five groups for differenttreatments.Of these five groups,groups 1 to 3 were exposed to heat once dailyfor 10d until the rectal temperature (RT) rose to 40℃,40.8℃ and 41.6℃,respectively.The other two groups (groups 4 and 5) were exposed to heat twicedaily and every other day,respectively,until the RT of both groups reached41.6℃.The method of heat exposure to obtain the required RT was to keep themacaques in a hot chamber (Td 41℃,Tw 38℃).Before and after theacclimatization period,the macaques were given a standard high temperature testin the same environment as the heat acclimatization (HA) period until the RTrose to 41.6℃.The results revealed that the animals in groups 3 to 5 whose RTin HA increased to 41.6℃ showed a significant HA effect by prolonging the dura-tion of exposure (P<0.05～0.001) and decreasing the RT (1.14～1.83℃),especiallyin the daily exposed group.Therefore,one of the most effective ways for devel-oping full acclimatization in macaques is to expose to heat once daily for 10duntil the RT rises to 41.6℃.     

Reactive oxygen species contribute to the induction of superoxide dismutase during heat shock in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes

Objective To explore the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during heat shock on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the endurance of cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-reoxygenation damage. Methods Cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were divided into 5 groups (n=6/group): normal control, anoxic control, heat shock, heat shock + SOD (150 U/ml) and exogenous ROS pretreated. Myocytes were first incubated in a CO(2)incubator (37℃) with Hank’s solution for 30 min, followed by specific pretreatment. Heat shock was performed by incubating the cells in a 43℃ incubator for 30 min; exogenous ROS were generated by the reaction of xanthine oxidase with xanthine. After the dishes were returned to normal incubation conditions for 24 h, myocytes underwent hypoxia (3 h) and reoxygenation (1 h). Results Compared with control groups, ROS production increased after the cells experienced heat shock (1.28±0.34 nmol/mg·protein vs 0.80±0.23 nmol/mg·protein and 0.74±0.20 nmol/mg·protein, P&lt;0.05) or ROS pretreatment (3.30±0.58 nmol/mg·protein, P&lt;0.05). 24 hours later, accompanied by attenuated cellular injury, significantly increased SOD activity was found in heat shock (2.55±0.43 U/mg·protein vs 0.77±0.12 U/mg·protein and 0.63±0.09 U/mg·protein, P&lt;0.05) and exogenous ROS pretreated (2.34±0.31 U/mg·protein, P&lt;0.05) groups following reoxygenation. Moreover, opposite results were found when myocytes were treated with SOD during heat shock. Conclusions The release of ROS during heat shock triggers delayed myocardial protection by altering the activity of SOD. ROS may play an important pathophysiological role in heat shock induced myocardial protection.     

Novel heat shock protein Hsp70L1 activates dendritic cells and acts as a Th1 polarizing adjuvant

Novel heat shock protein Hsp70L1 activates dendritic cells and acts as a Th1 polarizing adjuvant     

Role of Soluble Factors in Immune and Normal Sera in the Control of Giardiasis Due to Giardia Iamblia

Hyperimmune sera(HIS),raised against crude giardia antigen,on in vitro interaction,caused more agglutination of Giardia lamblia trophozoites.Heat inactivated HIS possessed a comparable agglutinating activity as the non-inactivated controls.Non-inactivated normal(unimmunized)serum caused immobilization of Giardia trophozoite,which was checked on heat inactivation.Antibodies in immune sera are mainly responsible for agglutination,whereas the heat labile non-immune components control the mobility of the intestinal parasite.