粉防己碱、清胰汤对重症急性胰腺炎猪血胃泌素、胃动素的影响

目的应用去氧胆酸钠诱发香猪重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)模型,观察粉防己碱、清胰汤对SAP香猪血胃肠激素水平的影响.方法用32只贵州香猪,雌雄不拘,随机分为4组:生理盐水(NS)对照组;粉防己碱(tetrandrine,Tet)组;中药清胰汤(chinese medicine qing yitang,CMQ)组;Tet+CMQ联合组.各组受试动物术前禁食12 h,禁水6 h,无菌手术行门静脉、腔静脉插管,经胰管逆行加压推注5%去氧胆酸钠(0.5 ml/kg体重)复制SAP模型,制模后1 h静脉滴注NS或相应药物、胃管推注NS或相应药物.分别于制模前,制模后1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h同时采门静脉血和中心静脉血,分离血浆或血清,用放免法检测血浆胃动素和血清胃泌素水平;记录观察时间内(96 h)各组动物的死亡率;取第96小时动物的胰腺、十二指肠,作常规病理检查.结果与NS组相比,粉防己碱、清胰汤均可降低SAP香猪96 h内的死亡率;可显著降低各时间点门静脉、中心静脉(除制模前、制模后1 h外)血清胃泌素的浓度(P＜0.01),可增加血浆胃动素的浓度(P＜0.01);作用效果二者相当(P＞0.05),而联合组的作用更为显著(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).用药组的胰腺、十二指肠病理变化也较NS组明显改善.结论粉防己碱、清胰汤均可降低SAP香猪的死亡率,且二者呈现明显的协同作用,分析其作用机制可能是:(1)通过钙拮抗作用,减轻肠扩张和肠麻痹的程度,同时促进胃动素的分泌,增加肠蠕动,促进肠内毒物的排泄;(2)降低胃泌素分泌,防止应激性溃疡的发生.     

清胰Ⅱ号颗粒剂对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎合并肾损伤时的保护作用

目的观察中药清胰Ⅱ号颗粒剂对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)并发急性肾损伤(ARI)时的保护作用,并对其作用机制进行探讨。方法 48只SD大鼠随机分为3组:假手术组(A组,n=16),SAP模型组(B组,n=16),清胰Ⅱ号颗粒剂治疗组(C组,n=16)。A组开腹后仅翻动肠管,其余两组经胰胆管逆行注射3%牛磺胆酸钠(0.05mL/kg)建立大鼠SAP模型,制模后1 h给药,1次/8 h。A、B组给予生理盐水灌胃,C组给予清胰Ⅱ号颗粒剂稀释液灌胃。分别于制模后12、24 h抽血测定血清淀粉酶活性,血清尿素氮、肌酐浓度和肾脏组织TNF-αmRNA表达变化,观察肾脏、胰腺病理形态学改变。结果 C组大鼠血清淀粉酶活性、血清尿素氮、肌酐浓度均较B组减低(P<0.05);B组肾组织TNF-αmRNA表达水平均较A组升高,C组其表达较B组稍减弱。B组胰腺及肾脏病理损害严重,腹水的生成和皂化斑的形成多;C组大鼠胰腺及肾脏病理损害轻,腹水的生成和皂化斑的形成少;A组基本正常。结论中药清胰Ⅱ号颗粒剂对大鼠SAP并发ARI可能有保护作用。     

清胰颗粒对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠并发心脏损伤的保护作用

目的探讨清胰颗粒对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠心脏损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将45只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组(A组)、SAP组(B组)及清胰颗粒治疗组(C组),术后12 h测定各组大鼠血浆肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白(TN)I、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、B型脑钠肽(BNP)、基质分解素(ST)-2的水平。结果 SAP组大鼠血浆CK-MB、TNI、LDH、CRP、BNP、ST-2水平较假手术组明显升高(P0.01),而清胰颗粒治疗组心肌酶、CRP、BNP、ST-2水平虽有不同程度升高,但较SAP组低(P0.05);与假手术组相比,SAP组大鼠血浆MDA水平增加,SOD活性显著降低(P0.01);而清胰颗粒干预可提高SOD活性,减少MDA的生成。结论清胰颗粒通过抑制炎症反应、抗氧化损伤作用来减轻SAP诱发的心脏损伤。     

粉防己碱对肺动脉高压大鼠中NLRP3炎性小体表达研究

目的:研究肺动脉高压大鼠中NLRP3炎性小体的表达情况,探究粉防己碱对肺动脉高压的保护作用。方法:36只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为3组:正常对照组(control)、肺动脉高压组(MCT)、粉防己碱组(Tet)。对照组单剂量给予0.9%氯化钠腹腔注射,其余两组单剂量给予野百合碱腹腔注射后正常饲养21d;而后Tet组每天给予粉防己碱药物灌胃,其余两组则每天给予0.9%氯化钠灌胃21d后留取组织标本,测量肺动脉压力(右室收缩压,right ventricular systolic pressure,RVSP),计算右心室/(左心室+心室壁)[RV/(LV+S)]比值,行HE染色观测各组形态学变化,免疫组化及western blot检测各组NLRP3、caspase-1及白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)的表达水平。结果:(1)与对照组相比,MCT及Tet组RVSP、RV/(LV+S)值均明显增高(P0.05);与MCT组相比,Tet组又明显下降(P0.05)。(2)病理组织学检测结果显示,粉防己碱可减轻PAH模型大鼠肺小动脉内膜增生,减少肺组织炎性细胞浸润;(3)免疫组化及western blot结果显示,粉防己碱可抑制NLRP3、caspase-1、IL-1β的表达。结论:粉防己碱可以抑制NLRP3炎性小体的活化,减轻肺动脉高压大鼠肺组织的炎性浸润,对肺动脉高压具有一定的逆转作用。     

粉防己碱对缺氧和复氧损伤心室肌细胞内Ca2+超载的作用

目的 :研究粉防己碱 (Tet)对培养大鼠心室肌细胞缺氧和复氧损伤时细胞内 Ca2 超载的作用。方法 :采用荧光探针 Fura- 2 / AM结合计算机图像处理技术测定单个心室肌细胞内 Ca2 浓度。结果 :对照组心室肌细胞在缺氧和复氧过程中出现 2次细胞内 Ca2 浓度明显上升 ,维拉帕米 (Ver)处理组 (10μmol/ L )心室肌细胞出现 2次细胞内 Ca2 浓度轻度上升 ;Tet处理组 (30 0μmol/ L )心室肌细胞未出现细胞内 Ca2 浓度上升。两处理组分别与对照组比较均有极显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1) ,两处理组间比较亦有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :Tet对缺氧和复氧损伤心室肌细胞内 Ca2 超载有较强的阻抑作用     

血管活性肠肽对重症急性胰腺炎肠屏障保护作用的实验研究

目的 探讨血管活性肠肽(VIP)对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠肠屏障的保护作用及其机制.方法 54只SD大鼠随机分成3组:假手术组(SO)、SAP组和VIP干预组,采用微泵逆行胰胆管注射4%牛磺胆酸钠制备SAP动物模型,SAP制模后5 min腹腔注射VIP 5×10-9nmol作为VIP干预组.各组在制模后1 h、6 h、12 h检测血浆内毒素水平,逆转录(RT)-PCR法及免疫组化法检测肠黏膜Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达,并对肠黏膜组织行电镜检查.结果 与SO组相比,SAP组血浆内毒素和肠黏膜TLR4表达在制模1 h即开始增高,并随制模时间的延长而进行性增高.两者具有明显的相关性.电镜检查肠黏膜有明显的病理损伤.VIP干预组与SAP组同时点相比,血浆内毒素和肠黏膜TLR4表达降低,病理损伤减轻,制模后6 h尤为明显.SO组肠黏膜未见TLR4表达.结论 VIP能有效保护SAP肠屏障功能,其机制可能与下调肠黏膜TLR4的表达有关.     

清胰汤对大鼠急性胰腺炎肺损伤时SP-A表达的影响

目的:探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)肺损伤(ALI)时肺表面活性蛋白A(SP-A)的表达及其在ALI发病中的作用,并观察清胰汤对SP-A表达和病情转归的影响.方法:采用胆胰管内逆行注入1.5%去氧胆酸钠建立大鼠SAP时ALI模型.将SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(n=10)、模型组(n=10)和清胰汤组(n=10).假手术组仅行剖腹术,翻动胰腺.清胰汤组在建立SAP模型后30 min和12 h清胰汤ig(10 mL/kg).各组大鼠在术后24 h测PaO_2和血淀粉酶.应用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT- PCR)检测肺SP-A mRNA的表达强度,Western- blot观察SP-A表达,并观察胰、肺病理变化及肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞的电镜下变化.结果:模型组血淀粉酶(7144.19 U/L±727.91 U/L)显著高于清胰汤组(4283.51 U/L±527.52 U/L)和假手术组(1193.41 U/L±192.54 U/L,P<0.01).模型组PaO_2显著低于假手术组和清胰汤组(79.24±5.84 vs 96.78±3.81.79.24±5.84 vs 88.16±5.07,P<0.01).清胰汤组肺SP-A mRNA表达显著高于模型组(P<0.01),肺SP-A蛋白的表达显著高于模型组,SP-A mRNA的表达与肺损伤的程度呈负相关.清胰汤组胰、肺病理及电镜改变较模型组减轻.结论:SAP时肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞功能受损,SP-A mRNA表达降低导致急性肺损伤的机制之一.清胰汤能保护肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞功能,恢复SP-A mRNA正常表达,维持肺泡功能,从而对肺组织起保护作用.     

粉防己碱抗氯化铯诱发家兔在体心脏早后除极及心律失常的作用

目的 :研究粉防己碱 (Tet)抗氯化铯 (CsCl)诱发触发活动及触发性心律失常作用。方法 :14只家兔分对照组和Tet组 ,Tet组给予Tet 0 5mg kg min共 10min ,对照组给予生理盐水 ,然后给予CsCl1 5mmol kg静注 ,给药前后记录心电图和右室心内膜MAP。结果 :Tet组和对照组均诱发EAD ,但Tet组EAD幅度低于对照组 ,室性心律失常发生率低于对照组。结论 :Tet有抗CsCl诱发EAD及室性心律失常作用。其机制可能是Tet抑制慢钙通道 ,减少内向电流。     

乌司他丁对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎肠黏膜屏障功能的影响

目的探讨乌司他丁(UTI)对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠肠黏膜屏障的影响及其作用机制。方法 SD大鼠60只分成对照组、假手术(SO)组、SAP组和UTI组。制模后每隔8 h进行腹腔内注射UTI(浓度1.5万IU/kg)作为UTI组。各治疗组检测制模后8、24、72 h血浆内毒素水平,通过RT-PCR法和免疫组化法对肠黏膜Toll样受体(TLR)4表达进行检测,并在电镜下观察肠黏膜组织。结果对照组肠黏膜未见TLR4表达。与对照组相比,SAP组在制模后8 h血浆内毒素和肠黏膜TLR4表达即出现升高,并随时间的延长而继续进行性增高。血浆内毒素与肠黏膜TLR4二者明显相关。UTI组同时点内毒素、TLR4低于SAP组,电镜下检查发现病理损伤也同时减轻,24 h时最为明显。结论 UTI能有效保护SAP发生时的肠屏障功能,其保护机制可能与肠黏膜TLR4的表达下调有关。     

丹参、心得安对门静脉高压症大鼠门静脉压力和胃肠激素的影响

目的:观察丹参、心得安对门脉高压症大鼠门静脉压力、胃肠激素的影响.方法:采用CCl4加酒精饮料制作大鼠门脉高压模型,造模4周后分别给大鼠服用丹参、心得安,造模结束后用Medlab-Ug4Cs生物信号采集处理系统检测正常组、模型组、丹参治疗组、心得安治疗组大鼠门静脉压力.处死大鼠后颈动脉取血,用放免法检测4组大鼠血浆胃肠激素(胃动素、胃泌素、胰高血糖素)的含量.结果:模型组大鼠门静脉压力较正常组明显升高(P＜0.01),丹参治疗组、心得安治疗组大鼠门脉压力较模型组明显下降(P＜0.01),丹参治疗组大鼠门脉压力与心得安治疗组比较差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).心得安组大鼠与模型组比较胃动素含量无明显改善(P＞0.05),而胃泌素、胰高血糖素明显下降(P＜0.05).丹参治疗组大鼠胃泌素、胃动素、胰高血糖素含量与模型组比较明显下降(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),与心得安治疗组比较,胃动素、胰高血糖素指标下降明显(P＜0.05).结论:丹参能有效降低门脉高压症大鼠门静脉压力,调节胃肠激素,疗效优于心得安治疗组.其作用机制可能与其良好的抗肝纤维化、阻止肝硬化形成、调节胃肠激素水平、改善肝功能等作用有关.     

Circadian variation of portal, arterial and venous blood levels of melatonin in pigs and its relationship to food intake and sleep

Circadian levels of melatonin were determined in the hepatic portal vein, cranial vena cava, and the lower aorta of ten juvenile pigs. Blood was sampled every hour for a total of 24 hr via temporary cannulas introduced into blood vessels under anesthesia. No peak levels of melatonin were found in the mid-scotophase, but hepatic portal concentrations peaked at 06.00 hr. Overall levels of melatonin were highest in the hepatic portal vein (range 35–65 pg/mL), followed by an artery (range 30–55 pg/mL) and the vena cava (range 25–35 pg/mL). Levels of melatonin exhibit strong variation between individual pigs, but generally the average levels from all three sources follow each other's time course. However, on occasion, melatonin levels in the hepatic portal vein varied independently from the levels in the vena cava. Large portal peaks were usually preceded by a feeding period and were associated with a subsequent period of sleep. The data indicate that: 1) there is no clear circadian rhythm of melatonin in the peripheral blood of pigs, 2) relatively little melatonin is metabolized during the first liver passage, 3) food intake may elevate melatonin levels in the hepatic portal vein, and 4) increased levels of melatonin originated in the gastrointestinal tract may induce sleep.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎的治疗作用观察

目的探讨骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）移植对重症胰腺炎（SAP）的治疗作用及相关机制。方法将雄性SD大鼠120只随机分为假手术组、模型组及移植组各40只。模型组和移植组采用5%牛磺胆酸钠逆行胰胆管注射方法制作SAP模型,假手术组开腹后翻动肠壁即关腹。造模成功后移植组经门静脉植入MSCs;模型组及假手术组采用同样方法给予等量生理盐水。于24、48、72 h每组分别处死10只大鼠,对胰腺和肾脏损伤进行大体形态和光镜下观察,测定血清淀粉酶（AMY）、BUN、Cr、TNF-α和IL-6水平。结果模型组胰腺和肾脏组织损伤明显,各时间点血清AMY、BUN、Cr、TNF-α和IL-6水平均高于假手术组,P均〈0.05。移植组胰腺和肾脏组织损伤有所减轻;各时间点血清中AMY、BUN、Cr、TNF-α和IL-6水平均低于模型组及假手术组,P均〈0.05。结论经门静脉移植MSCs治疗SAP效果确切,可降低多器官功能障碍的发生率。     

Haemodynamic effects of chronic octreotide and tetrandrine administration in portal hypertensive rats

Octreotide is an effective portal hypotensive drug in the control of variceal bleeding. Tetrandrine is a type of calcium channel blocker recently reported to reduce portal hypertension. The present study was undertaken to investigate the haemodynamic effects of octreotide and tetrandrine, alone and in combination, in portal hypertensive rats. Portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation. Portal hypertensive rats were allocated into one of the four groups: vehicle group (saline, 0.5 mL/day), octreotide group (100 μg/kg per 12 h), tetrandrine group (20 mg/kg per 12 h), and octreotide (100 μg/kg per 12 h) plus tetrandrine (20 mg/kg per 12 h) group. Tetrandrine or saline was administered by gavage, and octreotide by subcutaneous injection. The drug was given for 8 consecutive days, starting 1 day before ligation and continuing onwards. Haemodynamic parameters were measured thereafter, using the radioactive microsphere method. The portal venous pressure and portal tributary blood ?ow were signi?cantly reduced, while portal territory and renal vascular resistances were signi?cantly enhanced, by octreotide, tetrandrine, or octreotide plus tetrandrine in portal hypertensive rats, compared with the vehicle group. Our results showed that long-term administration of octreotide, tetrandrine, or octreotide plus tetrandrine led to portal hypotensive effects in portal hypertensive rats, but octreotide alone exerted better anti-hyperdynamic effects compared with tetrandrine alone. A combination of octreotide and tetrandrine offered no major bene?cial anti-hyperdynamic effects compared with octreotide alone.     

Relationship between encephalopathy and portal vein-vena cava shunt： Value of computed tomography during arterial portography

AIM: TO assess the value of computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP) in portal vein-vena cava shunt,and analysis of the episode risk in encephalopathy.METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with portal-systemic encephalopathy due to portal hypertension were classified by West Haven method into grade Ⅰ(29 cases), gradeⅡ(16 cases), grade Ⅲ(10 cases), grade Ⅳ( 4 cases). All the patients were scanned by spiraI-CT. Plane scans, artery phase and portal vein phase enhancement scans were performed, and the source images were thinly reconstructed to 1.25 mm. We reconstructed the celiac trunk, portal vein,inferior vena cava and their branches and subjected them to three-dimensional vessel analysis by volume rendering(VR) technique and multiplanar volume reconstruction (MPVR) technique. The blood vessel reconstruction technique was used to evaluate the scope and extent of portal vein-vena cava shunt, portal vein emboli and the fistula of hepatic artery- portal vein. The relationship between the episode risk of portal-systemic encephalopathy and the scope and extent of portal vein-vena cava shunt,portal vein emboli and fistula of hepatic artery- portal vein was studied.RESULTS: The three-dimensional vessel reconstruction technique of spiraI-CT could display celiac trunk, portal vein,inferior vena cava and their branches at any planes and angles and the scope and extent of portal vein-vena cavashunt, portal vein emboli and the fistula of hepatic artery- portal vein. In twenty-nine patients with portal-systemicencephalopathy, grade Ⅰ accounted for 89.7% esophageal varices, 86.2% paragastric varices; grade Ⅱ accounted for 68.75% cirsomphalos, 56.25% paraesophageal varices,62.5% retroperitoneal varices and 81.25% dilated azygos vein; grade Ⅲ accounted for 80% cirsomphalos, 60%paraesophageal varices, 70% retroperitoneal varices, 90% dilated azygos vein, and part of the patients in grades Ⅱand Ⅲ had portal vein emboli and fistula of hepatic arteryportal vein; grade Ⅳ accounted for 75% dilated left renal vein, 50% paragallbladder varices, all the patients had fistula of hepatic artery- portal vein.CONCLUSION: The three-dimensional vessel reconstruction technique of spiraI-CT can clearly display celiac trunk, portal vein, inferior vena cava and their branches at any planes and angles and the scope and extent of portal vein-vena cava shunt. The technique is valuable for evaluating the episode risk in portal-systemic encephalopathy.     

重组人血管内皮抑制素联合肝动脉介入治疗对中晚期肝癌无疾病进展生存期的影响

目的观察重组人血管内皮抑制素(恩度)联合肝动脉介入治疗对中晚期肝癌无疾病进展生存期的影响。方法选取2011年3月-2015年5月福建省肿瘤医院收治的86例中晚期肝癌患者,按照配对设计分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组(n=43)采用恩度联合肝动脉介入治疗;对照组(n=43)采用肝动脉介入治疗联合口服中药肝复乐。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验,计量资料组间比较采用t检验。Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,单因素分析采用Log-rank法,多因素回归分析采用Cox比例风险模型。结果治疗组和对照组的中位无疾病进展生存期分别为154 d[95%可信区间(95%CI):94~214 d]、70 d(95%CI:39~101 d),两组比较差异具有统计学意义(χ2=10.741,P=0.001)。单因素分析显示,肝硬化严重程度、肿瘤个数、门静脉主干癌栓/下腔静脉癌栓是中晚期肝癌患者预后的影响因素(χ2值分别为8.182、9.150、6.565,P值分别为0.004、0.027、0.038);多因素分析显示,肝硬化严重程度、门静脉主干癌栓/下腔静脉癌栓是恩度联合肝动脉介入治疗影响中晚期肝癌无疾病进展生存期的独立预后因素(P值分别为0.028、0.013)。结论恩度可延长中晚期肝癌介入治疗后的无疾病进展生存期,但对严重肝硬化、门静脉主干癌栓/下腔静脉癌栓患者优势不明显。     

Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis with hepatic artery and portal vein thrombosis caused by Pleurostomophora richardsiae in a liver transplant recipient: A case report

Pleurostomophora richardsiae is a dematiaceous mold that causes subcutaneous cystic phaeohyphomycosis. Few cases of invasive P richardsiae infection have been reported. Hepatic artery thrombosis following organ transplantation caused by a fungal organism is also very rare. We present here a 57‐year‐old man with refractory ascites and liver failure following liver transplantation for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated total occlusion of hepatic artery and blood clot in the portal vein and inferior vena cava. P richardsiae was isolated from blood culture and the blood clot in his liver. The patient was treated successfully with a 4‐week course of amphotericin B deoxycholate and liver retransplantation.     

Effect of haemorrhagic shock and duodenal instillation of blood on the plasma profiles of somatostatin and motilin in pigs. A study of molecular plasma components

A severe haemorrhage inducing a deep hypovolaemic shock in six anaesthetized pigs effected a plasma somatostatin increase in the superior caval and the portal vein together with a plasma motilin decrease in the portal vein (p less than 0.05). In contrast, the shed blood volume simultaneously instilled intraduodenally in another six anaesthetized pigs in haemodynamic balance induced only an insignificant bimodal somatostatin increase and a modest but significant motilin decrease in plasma from the portal vein (p less than 0.05). Plasma somatostatin immunoreactivity was eluted in four peaks from a Sephadex G-50 Fine column, of which the first peak probably represents somatostatin bound to plasma proteins; the second peak, aggregates of somatostatin-14 and somatostatin degradation products; the third peak, somatostatin-28; and the fourth peak, somatostatin-14. Plasma motilin immunoreactivity eluted in two peaks, of which the first peak possibly represents motilin bound to plasma proteins, and the second peak free plasma motilin. The major changes in portal vein plasma somatostatin and motilin concentrations during the haemorrhagic shock occurred in their free molecular fractions.     

逆灌注对移植肝缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的:探讨原位肝移植中经下腔静脉逆行灌注对移植肝缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法:36例大鼠肝移植随机分为3组,每组12例.门静脉组即经门静脉顺行灌注,肝动脉+门静脉组即同时开放肝动脉及门静脉顺行灌注,下腔静脉组即先吻合下腔静脉后开放逆行灌注,然后吻合门静脉及肝动脉.分别检测术后1、6及24 h的血清转氨酶、移植肝病理变化及...     

Haemodynamic effects of chronic tetrandrine treatment in portal hypertensive rats

Tetrandrine is a calcium channel antagonist with reported antihypertensive effect. However, the potential role of tetrandrine as a therapeutic agent in portal hypertension has yet to be explored. The present study aimed to investigate the haemodynamic effects of chronic tetrandrine treatment on portal hypertensive rats. Portal hypertension was induced by partial portal vein ligation in Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were allocated into one of two groups: a tetrandrine group and a vehicle group. Tetrandrine (20 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered by gavage every 12 h for 8 consecutive days, starting 1 day before ligation and continuing thereafter. After 8 days of tetrandrine treatment, systemic haemodynamics, organ blood flows and the degree of portal-systemic shunting were measured after an overnight fast. The portal venous pressure and portal tributary blood flow were significantly decreased, while portal territory as well as hepato-collateral vascular resistance significantly increased in the tetrandrine group compared with the vehicle group. The cardiac index was increased, while systemic vascular resistance was decreased, in the tetrandrine group. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, portalsystemic shunting and bodyweight were similar between the two groups. Renal blood flow was decreased in the tetrandrine group. In conclusion, long-term treatment of tetrandrine reduced portal venous pressure and alleviated splanchnic hyperaemia in portal hypertensive rats without affecting the portal-systemic shunting.     

MRA对门静脉和下腔静脉系统疾病的诊断价值

应用磁共振血管造影行门静脉和下腔静脉检查４０例、４３例次,包括三维相位对比３０次,动态增强１３次。结果表明：ＭＲＡ能较好地同时显示门静脉和下腔静脉,在门静脉和下腔静脉系统多种疾病的显示和诊断方面具有较高使用价值。