中国2型糖尿病人群AMPKα2基因多态性与冠心病风险的相关性研究

目的研究我国T2DM人群AMPKα2基因多态性与冠心病（CAD）风险的相关性。方法以326例T2DM患者为研究对象,其中180例伴有CAD（cAD＋组）,146例不伴CAD（CAD-组）。应用聚合酶链式反应-限制性内切酶片断长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术或基因测序方法,研究AMPKα2基因8个单倍型标记单核苷酸多态性（tag-SNPs）与CAD风险的关系。结果（1）SNP rs11206887 GG基因型携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险显著增加（OR=2．507,95％CI=1．244-5．053,P=0．010）,校正年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟、糖尿病病程后仍存在统计学差异（OR′=2．469,95％CI′=1．182～5．157,P′=0．016）。（2）SNP rs2143749 GG基因型携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险增高（OR=1．680,95％CI=1．029-2．741,P=0．038）。（3）SNP rs2746347 TT基因型携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险有增高趋势（OR=2．875,95％CI=1．034-7．996,P=0．043,校正OR′=1．715,95％CI′=1．016-2．895,P′=0．044）。（4）SNPrs2143749和SNP rs11206887 GG／GG基因型组合携带者较非携带者发生CAD的风险增高（P=0．014）。结论我国T2DM患者AMPK α2 SNPs与CAD的发病风险可能相关。     

ADIPOR1 基因多态性与冠状动脉多支血管严重病变合并心功能不全的相关性

目的 对比研究冠状动脉多支血管严重病变合并心功能不全的患者与正常人群ADIPOR1基因多态性的差异。方法 连续选取2017年2月至2018年4月于我病房住院行冠状动脉造影提示多支血管严重病变且合并心功能不全（以下简称冠心病）的62例患者作为冠心病组,另选取同期住院行冠脉造影的51例非冠心病非糖尿病患者为正常对照组,分析ADIPOR1基因的12个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNPs)与冠心病、冠心病合并2型糖尿病的关系。 结果 ①rs7529354、rs7514221、rs2275737、rs12045862的风险等位基因在冠心病组出现的频率更高（P均＜0.05）。②进一步将冠心病组患者分为单纯冠心病组（单纯CAD组）、冠心病合并2型糖尿病组（CAD+T2D组）,将两组患者的基因型分布分别与正常对照组进行比较发现,rs7529354的G等位基因携带者（GG+AG）患冠心病的风险是AA基因型携带者的9.7倍(OR=9.7,95%CI 1.0-91.2,P=0.047);rs7514221的A等位基因携带者（AA+AG）患冠心病合并2型糖尿病的风险是GG基因型携带者的8.2倍(OR=8.2,95%CI 1.6-42.0,P=0.012)。rs2275737的G等位基因携带者（GG+TG）患冠心病的风险是TT基因型携带者的3.7倍(OR=3.7,95%CI 1.0-13.2,P=0.046),其患冠心病合并2型糖尿病的风险是TT基因型携带者的4.9倍(OR=4.9,95%CI 1.2-20.1,P=0.029);rs12045862的A等位基因携带者（AA+AG）患冠心病合并2型糖尿病的风险是GG基因型携带者的3.5倍(OR=3.5,95%CI 1.2-10.1,P=0.023)。rs1342387的G等位基因携带者（GG+AG）发生冠心病的风险是AA基因型携带者的2.6倍(OR=2.6,95%CI 1.1-6.3,P=0.035)。③单倍型分析中,由rs2275737（T＞G）、rs7514221（G＞A）及rs7529354（A＞G）构成的保护性单倍型AGT与CAD合并T2D的易感性呈负相关（OR=0.09,95%CI 0.02-0.48,P=0.006）。结论ADIPOR1基因 rs7529354、rs7514221、rs2275737、rs12045862 、rs1342387多态性可能与汉族人群冠心病的易感性相关。     

我国2型糖尿病人群脂联素基因多态性与冠心病的相关性研究

目的研究我国2型糖尿病（T2DM）人群脂联素基因多态性是否与冠心病（CHD）风险的相关性。方法以190例T2DM患者为研究人群,其中159例伴有CHD;31人为对照组。应用PCR-RFLP技术对脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）-11365,-3964,＋45及＋276进行基因型和基因频率分析,并采用病例-对照方法,研究脂联素基因多态性与CHD的风险关系。结果（1）脂联素基因SNP＋45T等位基因携带者CHD的风险有增加趋势（OR=1.782,P〈0.05）。（2）脂联素基因SNP＋276G等位基因携带者CHD的风险显著增加（OR=1.866,95%CI1.069-3.258,P〈0.05）。（3）脂联素基因SNP＋45、＋276TG单体型携带者CHD的风险增加（OR=1.998,P〈0.05）;GT单体型对CHD具有保护性作用（R=0.386,95%CI0.173-0.863,P〈0.05）。（4）脂联素基因SNPs＋45、＋276TT/GG基因型组合携带者CHD的风险显著增加（校正OR=4.856,P〈0.05）。结论在我国2型糖尿病人群中,脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性＋45、＋276与冠心病的风险相关。     

IL-17A基因和IL-17F基因多态性在评估扩张型心肌病发病风险和预后的意义

目的:评估白细胞介素17A(IL-17A)和IL-17F单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与中国重庆地区汉族人群扩张型心肌病(DCM)发生风险和预后的关系。方法:选取112例DCM患者和125例年龄和性别相匹配的健康人群对照,采用聚和酶链反应-限制性内切酶片断长度多态性和DNA测序的方法对IL-17A基因rs2275913(G-197A)和IL-17F基因rs763780(7488C/T)两个功能性SNP进行基因分型,然后运用等统计学方法分析SNPs与DCM遗传易感性及预后的关系。结果:IL-17A基因SNP rs2275913(G-197A)携带_(AA)基因型的个体患DMC的风险是携带GG基因型个体的2.124倍(95%CI_(AA)=1.213-3.964,P_(AA)=0.007);在DCM患者中,rs2 275 913位点_(AA)基因型携带者在NYHA心功能分级Ⅳ级、左心室射血分数<35%及有病毒性心肌炎病史的患者中所占比例显著增高(P<0.05);未发现IL-17F基因SNP rs763780(7488C/T)与DCM的发病和预后相关。结论:本研究首次发现IL-17A基因rs2275913(G-197A)位点SNP可能与DCM的遗传易感性和预后相关。     

Lp-PLA2基因多态性与急性心肌梗死患者的易感性和临床特征的相关性研究

目的探讨脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)基因多态性与急性心肌梗死(AMI)易感性之间的关系。方法选取2017年1月～2018年2月于西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院住院的AMI患者176例(AMI组)以及健康体检志愿者191例(对照组),采集受试者血清标本,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测Lp-PLA2基因rs1805017、rs16874954、rs1051931位点单核苷酸多态性(SNP);采用Logistic回归分析Lp-PLA2基因突变与AMI易感性的相关性。结果 rs1805017位点检测到GG、GA、AA三种基因型;rs16874954位点检测到CC、AC两种基因型;rs1051931位点检测到AA、AC、CC三种基因型;AMI组rs1805017位点AA基因型以及rs16874954位点CC基因分布频率相对对照组更高(P0.05)。rs1805017位点GA+AA基因型患者三酰甘油(TG)水平高于GG基因型患者,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显低于GG基因型患者(P0.05);rs16874954位点AC基因型患者TG水平明显高于CC基因型患者(P0.05);其余血脂水平在不同基因型患者之间并无统计学差异(P0.05)。经单因素二元Logisitic回归分析,rs1805017(OR=0.788,95%CI:0.713～0.923,P0.05)、rs16874954(OR=0.923,95%CI:0.859～0.983,P0.05)位点SNP与AMI密切相关。多因素回归分析结果表明rs1805017位点多态性与AMI发病独立相关(OR=0.839,95%CI:0.804～0.975,P0.05)。结论本研究人群Lp-PLA2基因rs1805017、rs16874954多态性位点与急性心肌梗死的发生有关,而rs1051931位点SNP与AMI的发生可能无直接相关性。     

造血干细胞表达同源盒基因与妊娠期糖尿病的易感性分析

目的探讨我国中部地区人群中造血干细胞表达同源盒(HHEX)基因多态性与GDM易感性的关系。方法采用病例对照研究,选取GDM患者311例(GDM组)和正常糖耐量的孕妇345名(GNGT组)。采用PCR-RFLP方法检测两个SNP位点多态性分布。结果GDM组TG、FPG以及HbA1c水平均高于GNGT组(P0.05)。HHEX基因SNP位点rs5015480基因型(CC、CT、TT)及等位基因频率与GNGT组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.623,P=0.022;χ2=5.803,P=0.016),携带CC基因型人群GDM的风险比其他基因型风险高(OR3.899,95%CI1.808~8.409)。而SNP位点rs1111875基因型(GG、GA、AA)以及等位基因频率与GNGT组比较,差异均无统计学意义(χ2=3.151,P=0.207;χ2=1.671,P=0.196)。SNP位点CC基因型患者TG水平高于其他基因型患者(t=2.401,P=0.027);不同基因型HDL-C,LDL-C、FPG及HbA1c水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 HHEX基因SNP位点rs5015480与GDM的易感性相关,且该位点多态性可能与TG水平有关。     

云南地区汉族2型糖尿病患者二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶1、二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶2基因单核苷酸多态性与动脉粥样硬化关系的研究

目的探讨云南地区汉族T2DM患者发生动脉粥样硬化(AS)与二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶1(DDAH1)基因rs233113、二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶2(DDAH2)基因rs805304单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的相关性。方法选取2016年10月至2018年12月于昆明医科大学第一附属医院内分泌二科住院的T2DM患者464例,根据有无AS分为单纯T2DM组(n=208)和合并AS组(AS,n=256)。另选取同期我院体检健康人群294名为正常对照(NC)组。ELISA法检测各组血浆非对称性二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)的浓度,聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析法(PCR-RFLP)对DDAH1、DDAH2基因SNP进行基因分型。结果 T2DM、AS组CC基因型频率高于NC组(P0.05),AS组CC基因型频率高于T2DM组(P0.05)。AS组DDAH1基因rs233113 AA基因型ADMA水平低于TT+AT基因型(P0.05),DDAH2基因rs805304 CC基因型LDL-C水平高于AA、AC基因型(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,SBP、FPG、LDL-C、ADMA、DDAH2基因rs805304位点CC基因型是T2DM患者发生AS的影响因素。结论云南地区汉族T2DM患者DDAH2基因rs805304CC基因型可能与AS易感性相关,携带该基因型患者LDL-C水平升高。DDAH1基因rs233113位点SNP可能与T2DM发生AS无相关性,携带该位点AA基因型患者ADMA水平降低。     

环指蛋白145基因多态性与急性心肌梗死的关联性研究

目的探讨新疆地区维吾尔族人群环指蛋白145(RNF145)基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与急性心肌梗死(AMI)的关联性。方法选取2016年6月至2020年6月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心住院的患者,根据是否为AMI,分为AMI组(410例)和对照组(484例)。比较两组的基线资料。采用改进的多重高温连接酶检测反应技术对RNF145基因3个SNP位点(rs12188266、rs17056583、rs7732603)进行基因分型。采用logistic回归分析RNF145基因SNP位点与AMI发病的关系。结果 AMI组中有饮酒史、合并高血压、糖尿病病史的患者比例以及收缩压、总胆固醇水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P0.05)。RNF145基因rs17056583和rs7732603位点的基因型和等位基因比较均有统计学差异(均为P0.05)。在校正饮酒、合并疾病及血清学指标后,logistic回归分析结果显示,新疆维吾尔族人群中rs17056583位点的CC基因型患AMI风险是GC+GG基因型的2.891倍(OR=2.891,95%CI:1.608～5.196,P0.001)。rs7732603的CC基因型患AMI的风险也明显高于AA和AC基因型者(OR=1.860,95%CI:1.201～2.882,P=0.005)。结论在新疆地区维吾尔族人群中RNF145基因SNP与AMI具有相关性,rs17056583的CC基因型可能是AMI发病的危险因素,且携带rs7732603位点C等位基因者患AMI的风险也显著增加。     

抵抗素基因+299G/A多态性与T2DM并高血压病的相关性

目的研究抵抗素基因＋299G／A多态性与中国北方地区汉族人群2型糖尿病（T2DM）并高血压病的关系。方法采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测北方地区汉族人群261例T2DM患者的抵抗素基因内含子2区299G／A突变。结果T2DM组GG、GA、AA基因型及G／A等位基因频率与非T2DM组比较有显著统计学差异（P〈0．01）；T2DM组GG基因型携带者空腹血糖明显高于AA基因型携带者（P〈0．05）。多元线性逐步回归分析显示，抵抗素基因＋299G／A与收缩压、舒张压无明显相关性。结论抵抗素基因＋299G／A多态性与T2DM有关．与高血压病元明显相关性。     

金属硫蛋白基因多态性与昆明地区汉族2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的 探讨金属硫蛋白(MT)1A基因rs8052394多态性与昆明地区汉族T2DM的相关性。方法 采用Taqman实时荧光定量PCR技术对257例T2DM患者(T2DM组)和108名健康对照(NC)组MT1A基因型进行检测。结果 T2DM组MT1A基因rs8052394A/A基因型频率及A等位基因频率高于NC组(χ~2=20.519、29.213,P0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,MT1A rs8052394A/A基因型携带者相对于A/G和G/G基因型携带者患T2DM的危险性增加。结论 昆明地区汉族人群MT1A基因rs8052394多态性可能与T2DM的发生有关,A等位基因可能增加T2DM的发病风险。     

Cytochrome 1A1 and 1B1 gene diversity in the Zanzibar islands

Amodiaquine (AQ) is a 4‐aminoquinoline widely used in the treatment of malaria as part of the artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). AQ is metabolised towards its main metabolite desethylamodiaquine mainly by cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8). CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 play a minor role in the metabolism but they seem to be significantly involved in the formation of the short‐lived quinine‐imine. To complete the genetic variation picture of the main genes involved in AQ metabolism in the Zanzibar population, previously characterised for CYP2C8, we analysed in this study CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 main genetic polymorphisms. The results obtained show a low frequency of the CYP1A1*2B/C allele (2.4%) and a high frequency of CYP1B1*6 (approximately 42%) followed by CYP1B1*2 (approximately 27%) in Zanzibar islands. Genotype data for CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 show a low incidence of fast metabolisers, revealing a relatively safe genetic background in Zanzibar’s population regarding the appearance of adverse effects.     

CYP1A1 , GSTM1 , GSTT1 and NQO1 polymorphisms and colorectal adenomas in Japanese men

AIM: To investigate the role of functional genetic poly-morphisms of metabolic enzymes of tobacco carcinogens in the development of colorectal adenomas. METHODS: The study subjects were 455 patients with colorectal adenomas and 1052 controls with no polyps who underwent total colonoscopy in a preretirement health examination at two Self Defense Forces hospitals. The genetic polymorphisms studied wereCYP1A1*2A (rs 4646903), CYP1A1*2C (rs 1048943), GSTM1 (null or non-null genotype), GSTT1 (null or non-null genotype) and NQO1 C609T (rs 1800566). Genotypes were determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism or PCR method using genomic DNA extracted from the buffy coat. Cigarette smoking and other life-style factors were ascertained by a self-administered questionnaire. The associations of the polymorphisms with colorectal adenomas were examined by means of OR and 95%CI, which were derived from logistic regression analysis. Statistical adjustment was made for smoking, alcohol use, body mass index and other factors. The gene-gene interaction and effect modification of smoking were evaluated by the likelihood ratio test. RESULTS: None of the five polymorphisms showed a significant association with colorectal adenomas, nor was the combination of GSTM1 and GSTT1 . A borderline significant interaction was observed for the combination of CYP1A1*2C and NQO1 (P = 0.051). The OR associated with CYP1A1*2C was significantly lower than unity among individuals with the NQO1 609CC genotype. The adjusted OR for the combination of the CYP1A1*2C allele and NQO1 609CC genotype was 0.61 (95%CI: 0.42-0.91). Although the interaction was not statistically significant (P = 0.24), the OR for individuals carrying the CYP1A1*2C allele and GSTT1 null genotype decreased significantly compared with those who had neither CYP1A1*2C allele nor GSTT1 null genotype (adjusted OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.49-0.97). Smoking did not modify the associations of the individual polymorphisms with colorectal adenomas. There w     

CYP1B1 gene in endometrial cancer

Metabolic activation of estradiol has been shown to be a key factor in endometrial carcinogenesis. 4-hydroxy estrogens (CYP1B1 metabolites) received particular attention because of their causative role in malignant transformation of various organs including endometrium. CYP1B1 displays the highest level of expression in endometrium. 4-hydroxy estrogens can bind to DNA via their quinone metabolites and cause oxidative damage in endometrial cancer. Moreover, the 4-hydroxy estrogens bind to the estrogen receptor and have estrogenic effects on target tissues. Six polymorphisms of the CYP1B1 gene have been described of which four result in amino acid substitutions; 1-13C-->T, codon 48C-->G, codon 119G-->T, codon 432C-->G, codon 449T-->C and codon 453A-->G. The polymorphisms on exons 2 and 3 have significant effects on the catalytic function of CYP1B1. Polymorphisms on specific regions of CYP1B1 gene result in hyperactivation of the protein and can lead to a higher susceptibility in the incidence of various cancers. Thus, inherited alterations in CYP1B1 hydroxylation activity may be associated with significant changes in estrogen metabolism and, thereby, may possibly explain inter-individual differences in endometrial cancer risk associated with estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis.     

CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and EPHX1 polymorphisms in sporadic colorectal neoplasms

AIM To investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and EPHX1 genes on sporadic colorectal cancer(SCRC) risk. METHODS Six hundred forty-one individuals(227 patients with SCRC and 400 controls) were enrolled in the study. The variables analyzed were age, gender, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and clinical and histopathological tumor parameters. The CYP1A1 *2A, CYP1A1 *2C CYP2E1 *5B and CYP2E1 *6 polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). The EPHX1 Tyr113 His, EPHX1 His139 Arg and CYP1A1 *2C polymorphisms were detected by real-time PCR. Chisquared test and binary logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis. Haplotype analysis was conducted using the Haploview program, version 2.05.RESULTS Age over 6 2 years was a risk factor for SCRC development(OR = 7.54, 95%CI: 4.94-11.50, P 0.01). Male individuals were less susceptible to SCRC(OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.35-0.85, P 0.01). The CYP2E1*5B polymorphism was associated with SCRC in the codominant(heterozygous genotype: OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 1.64-4.32, P 0.01), dominant(OR = 2.82, 95%CI: 1.74-4.55, P 0.01), overdominant(OR = 2.58, 95%CI: 1.59-4.19, P 0.01), and log-additive models(OR = 2.84, 95%CI: 1.78-4.52, P 0.01). The CYP2E1*6 polymorphism was associated with an increased SCRC risk in codominant(heterozygous genotype: OR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.84-4.28, P 0.01; homozygous polymorphic : OR = 7. 3 2, 9 5 % C I : 1.85-28.96, P 0.01), dominant(OR = 2.97, 95%CI: 1.97-4.50, P 0.01), recessive(OR = 5.26, 95%CI: 1.35-20.50, P = 0.016), overdominant(OR = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.74-4.01, P 0.01), and log-additive models(OR = 2.78, 95%CI: 1.91-4.06, P 0.01). The haplotype formed by the minor alleles of the CYP2E1*5B(C) and CYP2E1*6(A) polymorphisms was associated with SCRC(P = 0.002). However, the CYP1A1 *2A, CYP1A1 *2C, EPHX1 Tyr113 His and EPHX1 His139 Arg polymorphisms were not associated with SCRC.CONCLUSION In conclusion, the results demonstrated that CYP2E1*5B and CYP2E1*6 minor alleles play a role in the development of SCRC.