大豆异黄酮对培养大鼠心肌细胞动作电位的影响

观察大豆异黄酮(soybean isotlavone，S．I．)对培养的Wistar大鼠心室肌细胞自发性搏动及动作电位的影响。将0．78—6．25μg／ml S．I分别加入到培养4—8d的Wistar大鼠心室肌细胞的培养瓶中，依次记录加药前、后心肌细胞群落的自发性搏动及动作电位参数的变化。结果：大豆异黄酮可剂量依赖性的抑制培养的大鼠心肌细胞自发性搏动及动作电位参数，该作用可被Ca^2 80μg／ml与肾上腺素10μg／ml所反转。结论：大豆异黄酮具有钙通道阻滞作用。     

刺五加叶皂苷单体Sc3对培养大鼠心肌细胞自发性搏动及动作电位的影响

目的：观察刺五加皂苷单体Ｓｃ３（ＡｃａｎｔｈｏｐａｎａｘＳｅｎｔｉｃｏｓｉｄｅＣ３）对培养的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞自发性搏动及动作电位电参数的影响。方法：将５０～８００μｇ／ｍｌＳｃ３，分别加入到培养４～６ｄ后的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞的培养液中，依次记录加药前、后自发性搏动及动作电位电参数的变化。结果：Ｓｃ３可剂量依赖性地抑制被培养的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞的自发性搏动及动作电位的电参数，其作用与０．４μｇ／ｍｌ尼莫地平相似，而该作用被８０μｇ／ｍｌＣａ２＋所反转。结论：Ｓｃ３能够阻滞Ｃａ２＋通道     

刺五加叶皂苷单体Sc3对培养大鼠心肌细胞自发性搏动及动作电位的影响

 目的：观察刺五加皂苷单体Sc₃(Acanthopanax Senticoside C₃)对培养的Wistar大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞自发性搏动及动作电位电参数的影响。方法：将50～800μｇ／ml Sc₃，分别加入到培养4～6d后的Wistar大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞的培养液中，依次记录加药前、后自发性搏动及动作电位电参数的变化。结果：Sc₃可剂量依赖性地抑制被培养的Wistar大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞的自发性搏动及动作电位的电参数，其作用与0.4μｇ／ml尼莫地平相似，而该作用被80μｇ／ml Ca^２+所反转。结论：Sc₃能够阻滞Ca^２+通道。     

人参二醇组皂甙与人参三醇组皂甙对培养心肌细胞钙通道的阻滞作用

PDS与PTS使培养的心肌细胞动作电位各参数呈剂量依赖性减小。PDS 1000肛g/ml、PTS200μg/ml与钙通道阻滞剂Mn~(2+) 0.05μg/ml的作用相当。洗脱、肾上腺素10μg/ml、Ca~(2+)80μg/ml使动作电位的抑制逆转。表明PDS与PTS有钙通道阻滞作用。     

黄芪对小鼠急性病毒性心肌炎作用的心肌细胞电生理研究

本实验应用常规细胞内微电极技术及实时微机数据处理系统记录心肌细胞电活动参数：静息电位（ＲＰ）、动作电位振幅（ＡＰＡ）、超射（ＯＳ）、动作电位零相最大除术速率（Ｖｍａｘ）；动作电位时间（ＡＰＤ５０和ＡＰＤ９０）和心肌细胞异常波形动作电位，研究了不同时期使用黄芪对急性实验性小鼠柯萨奇Ｂ３病毒（ＣＢ３Ｖ）性心肌炎模型心肌细胞异常电活动的影响。结果发现在感染病毒同时和感染病毒后３天开始每天给小鼠腹腔注射黄     

人参二醇组皂甙与人参三醇组皂甙对培养心肌细胞钙通道的阻滞作用

PDS与PTS使培养的心肌细胞动作电位各参数呈剂量依赖性减小。PDS 1000肛g/ml、PTS200μg/ml与钙通道阻滞剂Mn²⁺ 0.05μg/ml的作用相当。洗脱、肾上腺素10μg/ml、Ca²⁺80μg/ml使动作电位的抑制逆转。表明PDS与PTS有钙通道阻滞作用。     

参附注射液对离体心肌细胞内动作电位和乳头肌收缩力的作用

目的:探讨参附注射液对离体心肌细胞内动作电位和乳头肌收缩力的影响.方法:记录豚鼠心脏乳头肌收缩力及蟾蜍心脏肌片细胞内动作电位.结果:参附注射液能够增加乳头肌的收缩力,降低心肌细胞胞内静息电位的绝对值,并延长动作电位第3期平台期的时间.结论:参附注射液能提高心脏的兴奋性和自律性.     

西洋参茎叶皂甙对培养大鼠心肌细胞钙通道阻断作用的初步观察

 西洋参茎叶皂甙（100，300，500μg/ml）可剂量依赖性使培养大鼠心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、阈电住、最大舒张电位，最大除极速度及复极50%水平的动作电位波宽一致性减小。与二氯化锰（0.1μg/ml）和异搏定（1μmol/L）比较可产生相似作用。钙离子（200mmol/l）可翻转西洋参茎叶皂甙（300μｇ/ml）的作用。初步观察表明，该药可能具有钙通道阻断作用。     

新生SD大鼠心肌细胞的原代培养

目的探讨新生SD大鼠心肌细胞原代培养的方法,并进行鉴定。方法取24h以内的新生SD大鼠,采用胰蛋白酶和Ⅱ型胶原酶联合消化的方法分离心肌细胞,进行两次差速贴壁法并加用化学抑制剂5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶纯化心肌细胞,采用Actin免疫组化对心肌细胞进行鉴定。结果本实验方法心肌细胞的存活率为93．83％,最早在6h内观察到心肌细胞搏动,24h内大部分心肌细胞搏动,但搏动频率不同,48h后见心肌细胞相互连接,第5天见心肌细胞铺展成片或成细胞簇,搏动频率基本一致。结论本实验方法是较为稳定理想的培养心肌细胞的方法。     

白花前胡提取液含药血清抗ET-1诱发体外培养心肌细胞改变及ANP表达作用的研究

目的：探讨白花前胡提取液含药血清抗ET-1促发肥大心肌细胞的作用。方法：采用乳鼠心肌细胞体外培养纯化，比较白花前胡提取液含药血清对内皮素诱导体外培养心肌细胞活性以及心肌细胞表面积影响，以及对肥大心肌细胞ANP表达的影响。结果：白花前胡提取液含药血清能够有效缩小ET-1促发的体外培养肥大心肌细胞表面积，降低肥大心肌细胞搏动频率，抑制肥大心肌细胞蛋白质含量与ANP的表达。结论：白花前胡提取液含药血清可能通过效地抑制ET-1刺激所致心肌细胞肥大效应，调节心肌重塑过程中胚胎基因的表达，对暴露于高浓度ET-1下的心肌细胞具有一定的保护作用。     

Anticonvulsant effect of FS-1 subfraction isolated from roots of Delphinim denudatum on hippocampal pyramidal neurons

The effects were investigated of a partially purified subfraction (FS-1) isolated from Delphinium denudatum on sustained repetitive firing (SRF) of cultured neonatal rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons. The blockade of sustained repetitive firing is one of the basic mechanisms of antiepileptic drugs at the cellular level. Using the whole cell current-clamp technique, sustained repetitive firing was elicited in pyramidal neurons under study by a depolarizing pulse of 500 ms duration, 0.3 Hz and 0.1-0.6 nA current strength. FS-1 (0.01-0.06 mg/mL) reduced the number of action potentials per pulse in a dose-dependent manner until no action potentials were elicited for the remainder of the pulse. There was a corresponding use-dependent reduction in amplitude and Vmax of action potentials. The Vmax of action potential 1 exhibited a dose-dependent reduction. At a dose of 0.06 mg/mL FS-1 reduced Vmax to 29%-38% and amplitude to 16%-20 % of the control values. The blockade of sustained repetitive firing by FS-1 was reversed by hyperpolarization of the membrane potential (-65 to -75 mV) while depolarization of the membrane potential (-53 mV to -48 mV) potentiated the block. The results suggest that FS-1 blocks sustained repetitive firing in hippocampal neurons in a use-dependent and voltage-dependent manner similar to the prototype anticonvulsant drug, phenytoin. However, unlike phenytoin, which binds preferably to the inactive state, the compounds present in FS-1 also interacted with the resting state of the Na+ channels by reducing Vmax of action potential 1. The results indicate that the partially purified FS-1 subfraction of Delphinium denudatum contains a potent anticonvulsant compound.     

川芎嗪对心肌和冠状动脉机械电活动的影响

目的：观察川芎嗪对豚鼠乳头状肌机械电话动和猪冠状动脉收缩的影响。方法：标准玻璃微电极技术、电生理方法、血管灌流方法。结果：①川芎嗪（3.0μmol/L～100μmol/L）对豚鼠乳头状肌快反应电位（FAP）的时程（APD）、收缩力（FC）和慢反应电位（SAP）的幅度（APA），APD，FC及最大去极速度（V_max）均呈剂量依赖性抑制；②川芎嗪（3.0m mol/L）可以在高钾去极、钠通道失活的豚鼠乳头状肌标本上诱发产生SAP及FC，这一现象可被β受体阻断剂所阻断。［Ca²⁺］ｏ增加，川芎嗪诱发SAP的APA随之增加；③川芎嗪（10^-5mol/L～5×10^-3mol/L）对高钾去极化收缩的猪冠状动脉环呈舒张作用，且不被β受体阻断剂所阻断和［Ca²⁺］ｏ增加的影响。结论：提示川芎嗪可能通过β受体影响心肌细胞慢内向电流。川芎嗪对冠状动脉有舒张作用，此作用可能不是通过兴奋β受体而实现的。     

电针“内关”穴对家兔急性心肌缺血在体心室肌细胞跨膜电位的影响

本实验采用静脉注射垂体后叶素（2．5u／kg）造成家兔急性心肌缺血模型。用悬浮式微电极技术，在体自然呼吸条件下，观察电针“内关”对左心室肌细胞跨膜电位影响，并同步记录心电图和动脉血压。结果我们发现急性心肌缺血时，心室肌细胞静息电位、动作电位振幅、动作电位0相除极化最大速率均明显减小，而动作电位时程明显延长，同时出现除极后电位，上述电位变化均可引起心律失常。电针“内关”可使上述电位改变明显减弱，防止心室肌细胞转为具有慢反应细胞的特性，并能减少除极后电位的发生。这可能是电针“内关”能防治急性心肌缺血并发心律失常的原因之一。     

苦参碱对休克血浆致豚鼠心室肌细胞电生理变化的影响

目的:进一步研究苦参碱对实验性豚鼠心室肌细胞在休克血浆(SP)影响下的电生理效应,以及苦参碱(Matrine)的心肌细胞保护作用。方法:采用常规标准玻璃微电极细胞内研究记录技术,观察休克血浆致离体豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位的影响以及不同浓度苦参碱的影响作用。结果:(1)采用SP灌流后,豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位幅度(APA)升高(P0.05),复极50%时间(APD50)、复极80%时间(APD80)延长(P0.05);(2)25μmol/L的Matrine可降低休克血浆引起的APA升高效应(P0.05);(3)50μmol/L的Matrine使APA进一步下降(P0.01),明显延长APD50、APD80(P0.05),使动作电位时程APD明显延长(P0.05);(4)100μmol/L的Matrine使APA显著下降(P0.01),并明显延长APD50、APD80(P0.01),使动作电位时程APD显著延长(P0.01)。结论:休克血浆对豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位的变化具有明显的影响,苦参碱具有剂量依赖性的干预作用。     

炙甘草汤干预缺氧对离体豚鼠心肌细胞跨膜电位的影响

目的:本实验通过观察炙甘草汤对缺血缺氧心肌电生理活动的影响,探讨其对心肌的保护和抗心律失常作用的机制。方法:玻璃微电极细胞内记录的方法,观察正常灌流液、缺血缺氧灌流液和缺血缺氧+炙甘草汤(20mg/ml、40mg/ml and 80mg/ml)灌流液对豚鼠左心室流出道慢反应自律细胞及心室乳头肌细胞动作电位的影响。结果:(1)缺血缺氧时左室流出道细胞APD50、APD90和APD均明显缩短(P<0.05),VDD及RPF显著变慢(P<0.01);而加入不同剂量炙甘草汤(20mg/ml、40mg/ml and80mg/ml)可剂量依赖性的拮抗由缺血缺氧介导的APD50、APD90和APD的缩短(P<0.05,0.01或0.001),使VDD及RPF加快基本恢复正常的节律。此种干预作用以80mg/ml炙甘草汤最为明显。(2)缺血缺氧时心室肌细胞的Vmax、APD50和APD90及APD均明显减小(P<0.05);在缺血缺氧灌流液中加入不同剂量的炙甘草汤后上述效应得到明显改善。结论:提示炙甘草汤对缺血缺氧导致的左心室流出道慢反应自律细胞的异常电生理所诱发的心律失常及心肌细胞损伤有显著保护作用。     

银杏酮酯GBE50对正常及模拟缺血豚鼠乳头肌动作电位的影响

目的:观察银杏酮酯(GBE50)对正常及模拟缺血豚鼠乳头肌动作电位的影响,探讨GBE50的抗心肌缺血作用。方法:运用标准微电极细胞内记录技术观察GBE50对正常及模拟缺血豚鼠乳头肌动作电位参数(RP,APA,OS,APD20,APD50,APD90)的影响。结果:20,50,100 mg.L-1GBE50缩短心室乳头肌APD50和APD90(P0.05),且呈剂量依赖性,而对其他参数没有影响;模拟缺血液灌流使RP,APA,OS分别减小,APD20,APD50,APD90分别缩短,而在缺血液中加入100 mg.L-1GBE50,缺血20 min仅APA缩短,其他参数无变化。结论:在生理状态下,GBE50可轻微缩短APD。在缺血状态下动作电位各项参数均减小,而GBE50通过维持缺血期间膜电位的稳定性,对抗缺血对跨膜电位的抑制效应,从而达到抗心肌缺血作用。     

马钱子碱对豚鼠心脏乳头肌慢反应动作电位的影响

用细胞内微电极技术观察了马钱子碱（ｂｒｕｃｉｎｅ）对离体豚鼠乳头肌高Ｋ＋除极异丙肾上腺素（Ｉｓｏ）和组织胺（Ｈｉｓ）诱发的慢反应动作电位（ＳＡＰ）的影响。结果表明，低浓度的ｂｒｕｃｉｎｅ延长慢反应动作电位５０％、９０％动作电位时程（ＡＰＤ５０、ＡＰＤ９０），较高浓度的ｂｒｕｃｉｎｅ则抑制ＳＡＰ的幅度（ＡＰＡ）、Ｏ期最大上升速率（Ｖｍａｘ）以及收缩力（Ｆｃ）。将台氏液中Ｃａ２＋浓度由２．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ提高至４．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，ｂｒｕｃｉｎｅ对组织胺诱发ＳＡＰ的ＡＰＡ、Ｖｍａｘ以及Ｆｃ的抑制作用反转，提示ｂｒｕｃｉｎｅ可能阻滞心肌Ｃａ２＋通道。     

Effects of ciwujia (Acanthopanax senticosus Harms) on reperfusion-induced arrhythmia and action potential alterations in the isolated rat heart

By means of Langendorff method and standard microelectrode techniques the effects of Ciwujia on reperfusion induced arrhythmias and action potential alterations were studied in isolated rat heart with transient coronary occlusion. Inclusion of Ciwujia extract (equivalent to 1.2 and 2.4 mg crude drug/ml) was found helpful in reducing reperfusion induced ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Associated with this reduction in rhythm disturbances was an increase in the total duration of normal sinus rhythm during the 3 min reperfusion period. With the administration of Ciwujia the number of cells with abnormal action potential configurations was significantly reduced. This confirms that Ciwujia can protect myocardium from electrophysiological abnormalities, and therefore reduces the incidence of malignant arrhythmias.     

刺五加对大鼠离体心脏缺血再灌心律失常与细胞动作电位的作用

用Langendorff法与微电极技术研究刺五加对大鼠离体心脏缺血再灌心律失常与细胞动作电位的作用。刺五加浸膏(1.2～2.4mg生药/ml)使室颤和室速发生率明显下降,使正常窦律时间增加,并可使异常动作电位显著减少。     

Inhibitory effect of anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory herbs on herpes simplex virus replication.

The increasing clinical use of acyclovir, ganciclovir, and foscarnet against herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus has been associated with the emergence of drug-resistant herpesvirus strains. To develop anti-HSV compounds from plants, 31 herbs used as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents in Chinese medicine were screened. Five different preparations (cold aqueous, hot aqueous, ethanolic, acid ethanolic, and methanolic) from 31 herbs were analyzed by plaque reduction assay, and 7 extracts. which showed significant antiviral activities, were further elucidated for their antiviral mechanisms. Our results showed that ethanolic extract of Rheum officinale and methanolic extract of Paeonia suffruticosa prevented the process of virus attachment and penetration. Aqueous extract of P. suffruticosa and ethanolic extract of Melia toosendan inhibited virus attachment to cell surface. Aqueous extract of Sophora flavescens and methanolic extract of M. toosendan showed no effect on virus attachment and penetration. These data indicated that these 4 herbs have a potential value as a source of new powerful anti-HSV compounds.