血浆氧化应激水平对不同年龄患者冠状动脉病变程度的影响

目的探讨不同年龄患者过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)对冠状动脉病变程度的影响。方法选取179例年龄49～96岁的心内科住院患者,根据年龄分为非老年组(<60岁)77例,老年组(≥60岁)102例。测定空腹血糖、血脂、CAT和SOD等。行冠状动脉造影,采用Gensini评分系统对血管病变程度进行定量评分。结果老年组血浆CAT和SOD水平明显低于非老年组(P<0.05)。校正年龄因素后,血浆CAT、SOD水平与Gensini积分呈负相关(r=-0.840,r=-0.798,P<0.01)。结论随着年龄增长,血浆CAT和SOD明显降低,与冠状动脉病变程度具有一定的相关性。     

碘硒缺乏对大鼠甲状腺抗氧化酶活性影响

应用2×2析因实验设计将 Wistar 大鼠随机分为四组,测定了喂养12周及30周大鼠甲状腺中四种抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化物含量。结果表明,甲状腺中四种抗氧化酶活性(Se—GSH—Px,SOD,CAT,GST)于低碘两组明显高于补碘两组,而硒除含硒酶(Se—GSH—Px)外对其余三种酶活性均无影响。补硒能明显提高 Se—GSH—Px 活性,但低碘因素增高活性的幅度更为突出;低碘高硒使GSH—Px 活性增高最明显。脂质过氧化物含量于低碘组亦明显高于补碘组,硒对此影响不明显。提示在缺碘时甲状腺组织抗氧化能力呈代偿性增强,但仍不能克服缺碘所致 LPO 增高对组织造成的损伤。     

谷胱甘肽转移酶μ基因缺失和氧化损伤与系统性红斑狼疮相关性研究

目的　检测系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)患者谷胱甘肽转移酶 μ(GSTμ)基因缺失及血中一氧化氮 (NO)、脂质过氧化物 (LPO)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)和谷胱甘肽 (GSH)含量 ,分析其与SLE发病之间的关系。方法　用PCR法检测 87例SLE患者和 40名健康对照组的GSTμ基因 ,用化学分析法测上述 5项指标。 结果　SLE患者GSTμ基因缺失率达 6 9 0 % ,明显高于对照组的 47 5 %。SLE活动期NO(79± 18) μmol/L、LPO (10 4± 2 0 ) μmol/L明显高于稳定期和对照组的水平。SLE活动期SOD (12 86± 2 5 2 ) μU/L、GSH Px (78± 14)U/mg、GSH (0 37±0 0 5 )mg/ g明显低于稳定期及对照组水平。在SLE稳定期GSH (1 0 0± 0 14)mg/ g ,仍明显低于对照组水平。血清NO水平与LPO呈显著直线正相关 ,与SOD、GSH Px、GSH呈显著直线负相关。抗dsDNA与NO、LPO呈显著直线正相关。在SLE活动期 ,GSTμ基因缺失者LPO (11 4± 2 2 ) μmol/L明显高于GSTμ基因携带者的水平 ,SOD (1111± 2 18) μU/L、GSH Px (6 7± 14)U/mg、GSH (0 2 4±0 0 4)mg/g明显低于GSTμ基因携带者的水平。在SLE稳定期GSTμ基因缺失者的SOD和GSH水平仍低于GSTμ基因携带者。 结论　GSTμ基因缺失可能是SLE发病的遗传因素之一 ,SLE     

还原型谷胱甘肽对体外循环下心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

对15例心脏直视手术患者给予还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH),观察在心肌缺血再灌注过程中血浆过氧化脂质(LPO)、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量动态变化,并以15例同种病人作为对照,发现对照组于再灌注期血浆LPO显著升高,红细胞SOD显著降低;GSH组血浆LPO显著低于对照组,红细胞SOD显著高于对照组。提示外源性GSH有可能减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤。     

早发型与晚发型帕金森病患者血浆抗氧化应激指标分析

目的研究早发型与晚发型帕金森病(Parkinsons disease,PD)患者血浆抗氧化应激指标的差异性,并探讨其与临床特点的相关性。方法入选原发性PD患者62例(PD组),PD组根据发病年龄,分为早发型PD组35例和晚发型PD组27例;另入选健康体检者20例(对照组)。使用ELISA检测血浆谷胱甘肽(GSH)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)水平,比较各组间差异,并对发病年龄与血浆抗氧化应激指标进行相关性分析。结果 PD组患者血浆GSH[(18.42±14.64)μmol/L vs(79.32±64.48)μmol/L]、CAT[(160.87±10.49)kU/L vs(171.11±4.00)kU/L]、SOD[(93.58±24.17)kU/L vs(122.33±22.83)kU/L]水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01);早发型PD组患者血浆GSH水平明显高于晚发型PD组(P<0.05)。发病年龄与血浆GSH呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论 PD患者血浆GSH、CAT、SOD水平异常下降,提示PD患者存在抗氧化能力缺陷;早发型与晚发型PD患者血浆GSH水平具有显著差异性,发病年龄愈晚,血浆GSH水平愈低。     

老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血过氧化脂质和抗氧化酶的检测及其临床意义

22例老年NIDDM患者和18例正常人检测结果显示,老年NIDDM的LPO显著升高,SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、Se-GSH-Px显著降低,LPO与上述四种抗氧化酶负相关;BG、TG、TC、LDL和ApoB显著升高,HDL显著降低;SOD与BG负相关;LPO与TG、TC、LDL正相关,与HDL、ApoA_1负相关。提示老年NIDDM患者LPO升高可能与其溏、脂代谢紊乱有关。LPO的持续升高可能是其心血管并发症发生的重要因素之一。     

5种类型老年冠心病患者血液自由基相关成分的变化及其发生机制

对隐性冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗塞、心肌硬化和心律失常5种类型冠心病患者血液SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、GSH、T-AO、LPO和GSH—Px/LPO比值等自由基相关成分进行分析检测。结果表明,84例冠心病患者与48例健康对照组比较,SOD、GBH—Px、GSH、T—AO及GSH—Px/LPO比值均显著降低(P<0.01);LPO或MDA则显著增高(P<0.01);CAT数值略高,但无统计学意义。提示自由基相关成分的变化可作为冠心病早期诊断或辅助诊断的指标,并在判断其临床类型,分析其病变程度及估计预后方面有一定的临床意义。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病SOD、CAT、MDA改变及临床意义

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)病人超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化及其临床意义.方法观察了20例急性期、12例缓解期COPD病人和10例健康老年人,采用放射免疫法和分光光度测定法测定血清SOD、CAT活性和MDA含量,1秒钟用力肺活量实测值/预计值百分比(FEV1.0%).结果①COPD组MDA含量高于对照组(P＜0.05),但是SOD、CAT含量明显低于对照组(P＜0.01).急性期病人的SOD、CAT活性低于缓解期(P分别＜0.05,＜0.01),MDA含量显著高于缓解期(P＜0.01).②SOD活性与MDA含量呈显著直线负相关(r＝-0.48P＜0.001),MDA含量与FEV1.0%呈显著直线负相关(r＝-0.38P＜0.01).结论COPD病人MDA含量增高,而SOD、CAT活性降低,且MDA水平与病情严重度一致,氧化/抗氧化失衡在COPD的发病机制中起一个重要的作用.     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病血过氧化脂质和抗氧化酶的检测及其临床意义

作者检测43例NIDDM患者的LPO等显示:LPO、BG、TG、TC、LDL和APOB显著升高;SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、Se-GSH-Px及HDL显著降低,LPO与SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、Se-GSH-Px、HDL和APOAI负相关,与TG、TC和LDL正相关;SOD与BG负相关,提示NIDDM患者LPO升高可能与其糖、脂代谢紊乱有关,LPO持续升高可能是导致其心血管并发症的重要因素之一。     

绝经后女性雌激素水平对高血压伴心功能不全患者的影响

目的:观察绝经后女性高血压、心功能不全患者雌激素水平变化;探讨女性绝经后雌激素水平和高血压、心功能不全的相关关系。方法:选取甘肃省人民医院心内科和体检科绝经女性患者107例,分为对照组(37例)、高血压组(40例)和高血压合并心功能不全组(30例),同时测定雌二醇(E2)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)、血清总抗氧化能力(TAS)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、N末端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肌酐、尿酸、空腹血糖及BMI等指标,并进行统计分析。结果:1高血压组E2、HDL-C、TAS、LVEF显著低于对照组(P0.05),LPO显著高于对照组(P0.01)。高血压合并心功能不全组E2、TAS、HDL-C、LVEF显著低于对照组和高血压组(P0.01),LPO、LDL-C、NT-proBNP显著高于对照组和高血压组(P0.05)。2各组间在年龄、肌酐、尿酸、空腹血糖及BMI指数等方面无显著性差异(P0.05)。3经Pearson相关分析,E2与LPO之间呈负相关(r=-0.707,P0.01),E2与TAS之间呈正相关(r=0.847,P0.01),E2与TC之间呈负相关(r=-0.304,P0.01),E2与LDL-C之间呈负相关(r=-0.823,P0.01),E2与HDL-C之间呈正相关(r=0.887,P0.01),E2与LVEF之间呈正相关(r=0.725,P0.01),E2与NT-proBNP之间呈负相关(r=-0.766,P0.01)。结论:雌激素可通过多种途径改善血管内皮功能、抑制心肌细胞肥大、减少心肌细胞凋亡,是女性高血压和心功能不全的保护性因素;雌激素可能降低了TC、LPO及LDL-C水平,并增高了TAS、HDLC水平,二者具有相关性;氧化与抗氧化能力失衡可能参与了绝经后女性高血压和心功能不全的发生发展。     

NO和脂质过氧化与老年矽肺关系的研究

目的　探讨ＮＯ和脂质过氧化与老年矽肺的关系。方法　检测８５ 例老年矽肺患者和８０ 例健康老年人的血浆ＮＯ（Ｐ－ＮＯ）、过氧化脂质（Ｐ－ＬＰＯ）及红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（Ｅ－ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（Ｅ－ＣＡＴ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｅ－ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）、过氧化脂质（Ｅ－ＬＰＯ）值。结果　与对照组比较,患者组Ｅ－ＳＯＤ、Ｅ－ＣＡＴ、Ｅ－ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ 均值显著降低,Ｐ－ＮＯ、Ｐ－ＬＰＯ、Ｅ－ＬＰＯ 均值显著升高（Ｐ＜ ０．００１）;直线回归和相关分析表明上述各检测值与患者病程均有相关;逐步回归表明患者病情、肺功能状态与Ｐ－ＮＯ、Ｅ－ＳＯＤ、Ｅ－ＬＰＯ 值相关最密切。结论　矽肺患者体内ＮＯ 代谢异常,氧化抗氧化平衡严重失调,氧化和脂质过氧化反应病理性加剧。     

低碘对动物细胞抗氧化能力的实验观察

利用低碘大鼠模型分时段喂养，于六个月测定甲状腺功能及细胞抗氧化能力。ＦＴ４及ＴＴ４浓度显著降低，ＴＴ３浓度与同期对照组无显著性差异。血中ＣＡＴ及ＧＰｘ活性显著高于组，ＳＯＤ活性则显著降低。同时酶活性与ＬＰＯ比值也显示了同样的结果。     

Effects of oestradiol and oestroprogestin on erythrocyte antioxidative enzyme system activity in postmenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: Data concerning the relationship between sex steroid hormones and the cellular antioxidative enzyme system are controversial. We investigated the effects of oestradiol deficiency after menopause and the influence of transdermal oestradiol therapy (ET) and hormonal (oestradiol plus medroxyprogesterone) replacement therapy (HT) on erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT). GSH and selenium (Se) concentrations were also estimated. Serum lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were measured as an indicator of free-radical production and lipid peroxidation. PATIENTS: The study group consisted of 80 postmenopausal women, divided into two subgroups: 26 women with surgically induced menopause (ET1) and 54 women with physiological menopause (HT1). Forty premenopausal healthy volunteers were controls (C group). RESULTS: LPO was higher in postmenopausal women and decreased after both ET and HT. GSH-Px and GSH were lower in the postmenopausal groups but increased significantly after both types of therapy. Se concentrations did not differ significantly among the groups. CAT activities were similar in all groups and decreased after ET and HT. SOD activities in postmenopausal women were similar to those in the C group and did not change significantly after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of natural oestrogens to postmenopausal women diminishes oxidative stress and increases antioxidative cell potency.     

糖尿病视网膜组织中自由基防御机能变化的实验研究

观察了糖尿病大鼠在不同病程时视网膜组织中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）的活性及脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）水平的变化。结果显示：在各实验时点，糖尿病大鼠视网膜组织中ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性明显低于对照组，ＬＰＯ水平显著升高，ＳＯＤ／ＬＰＯ和ＣＡＴ／ＬＰＯ明显降低，且随病程延长改变更明显。提示糖尿病大鼠视网膜组织中自由基防御机能明显降低，这种变化可能在糖尿病视网膜病变的发生发展中起重要作用。     

COPD患者血清SOD、LPO、GSH-PX含量的变化及临床意义

目的探讨COPD患者血清中SOD、LPO和GSH—PX含量的变化及意义。方法应用放射免疫分析法和化学法对33例COPD患者进行了SOD、LPO、GSH—PX水平的检测,并与35名正常健康人作比较。结果COPD患者血清SOD、GSH—PX水平明显低于正常人组（P〈0．01）,而LPO水平则显著高于正常人组（P〈0．01）,且血清SOD水平与GSH—PX呈正相关（ty=0．6138 P〈0．01）,与LPO水平呈负相关（y=-0．4384,P〈0．01）。结论血清SOD、LPO、GSH—PX水平的变化与COPD患者的发生和发展密切相关。     

噻托溴铵联合双水平气道正压通气对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疗效及外周血SOD、LPO的影响

目的观察噻托溴铵联合双水平气道正压通气(Bi PAP)对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患者疗效及外周血超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)的影响。方法选取240例稳定期慢阻肺患者随机分为噻托溴铵组,Bi PAP组和联合组各80例,另选同期健康体检者80例为对照组,噻托溴铵组在常规治疗基础上加用噻托溴铵治疗,而Bi PAP组则加用Bi PAP通气治疗,联合组加用噻托溴铵联合Bi PAP治疗,分析三组治疗前及治疗后14d,3个月外周血SOD,LPO水平,以及治疗后1年内复发人数及不良反应发生情况;将噻托溴铵组按慢阻肺中重度,极重度分为A1,B1亚组,Bi PAP组同理分为A2,B2亚组,联合组为A3,B3亚组,A1-A3亚组均有55例,B1-B3亚组均有25例,分析A1-3,B1-3亚组治疗前与治疗后14d,3个月慢阻肺疾病评估测试问卷评分(CAT)及症状评分。结果 3组治疗前SOD均远低于而LPO则远高于对照组(P0.05);治疗后较治疗前均有显著改善,但治疗后联合组改善幅度均显著大于噻托溴铵组和Bi PAP组(P0.05)。治疗后A1-3亚组无论是CAT还是症状评分均较治疗前有明显改善,且治疗后3个月又明显优于14d时,但改善幅度上,另两亚组明显不如A3亚组;而B1亚组治疗后14d相对于治疗前上述评分均未见显著变化,但治疗后3个月相较于治疗前及治疗后14d则有明显改善;而B2,B3亚组则治疗后分值较治疗前均有明显降低,但B3亚组变化幅度均远大于另外两亚组(P均0.05)。治疗后联合组复发率远低于噻托溴铵及BiPAP组(7.5%vs 35%vs 38.8%);而联合组与另两组在不良反应发生率上未见显著差异(P0.05)。结论噻托溴铵联合Bi PAP治疗稳定期慢阻肺疗效确切,且能够有效改善外周血SOD,LPO,值得临床推广。     

Antioxidant pathways in human aged skeletal muscle: relationship with the distribution of type II fibers

Type II fiber loss and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage are hallmarks of muscle aging. The aim of this study was to analyze whether there exists a relationship between age-dependent changes in cellular antioxidant capacity and type II fiber loss in aged human skeletal muscles. Forty-five male and female subjects ranging in age from 65 to 90 year-old were divided into +40 and -40% type II fiber groups. We measured both total and Mn superoxide dismutase (total and MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and catalase (CAT) activities. We also measured the reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and lipid peroxide (LPO) levels. Total SOD activity was lower in the -40% type II fiber group than in the +40% group; MnSOD tended to be lower but data are not statistically consistent. Both GSHPx and CAT activities remained unchanged; as did GSH, GSSG and GSH/GSSG ratio. Finally, muscle samples with -40% type II fibers had a significantly higher LPO content compared to those with +40% type II fibers. In summary, a relationship between human skeletal muscle aging, type II fiber loss and ROS reactions seems to exist.     

Plasma lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes is associated with a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) which are considered as an index of endogenous lipid peroxidation. The human body has a complex antioxidant defense system that prevents the initiation of free radical chain reactions. We measured plasma TBARS levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and ocmpared their relation to the metabolic control of diabetes and diabetic microangiopathy. Sixty-four patients (19 men), aged 52.35±9.31 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Thirty-six healthy subjects (12 men), aged 51.02±7.01 years formed the control group. TBARS levels and SOD activity were elevated in the diabetic group when compared with the control group (p<0.001 and p<0.00001, respectively). However CAT activity was significantly decreased in the diabetic group when compared with the control group (p<0.00001). Patients with diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, but not neuropathy, had elevated TBARS levels but there was no statistically significant difference when compared with diabetic patients without microangiopathy (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between plasma TBARS levels and SOD activity (r=0.770, p=0.0001) and a negative correlation between plasma TBARS levels and CAT activity (r=0.482, p=0.0001). There was also a negative correlation between SOD and CAT activities (r=−0.609, p=0.0001). We found significantly elevated TBARS levels in diabetic patients. We did not observe any correlation between TBARS levels and blood glucose and HbA_1c levels. Elevated TBARS levels and SOD activity and decreased CAT activity may be due to a compensation mechanism of the body. Received: 15 February 2001 / Accepted in revised form: 9 May 2002