胃镜阀瓣分级在胃食管反流病中的意义

目的探讨胃镜阀瓣(Hill)分级在胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)患者检查中的意义。方法收集2015年10月至2019年5月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院消化内科,诊断为GERD且完成食管高分辨测压(HRM)、24 h pH-阻抗监测及胃镜检查的患者527例。分析胃镜阀瓣Hill分级与患者年龄、性别、BMI、HRM、24 h pH-阻抗监测及反流性食管炎洛杉矶(Los Angeles,LA)分级的关系。结果胃镜阀瓣Hill分级与GERD患者年龄、性别(男)、BMI呈正相关(P<0.05);Hill分级与远端收缩构成(distal contractile integral,DCI)、食管下括约肌平均静息压(lower esophageal sphincter pressure,LESP)呈负相关(P<0.05);Hill分级与DeMeester评分、AET4、直立酸反流评分、仰卧位酸反流评分、仰卧位混合反流评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。Hill分级与反流性食管炎LA分级呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论胃镜阀瓣Hill分级在预测GERD患者反流性食管炎严重程度、食管动力受损程度及有无病理性酸反流均有一定意义。     

Barrett食管、反流性食管炎和非糜烂性胃食管反流病的反流物特点

目的应用食管24 h pH-阻抗(MII-pH)等检查方法,分析具有胃食管反流病(GERD)典型症状、并且食管MII-pH检查结果异常的GERD患者,比较分析其各亚型,即Barrett食管(BE)、反流性食管炎(RE)和非糜烂性胃食管反流病(NERD)患者的胃食管反流特点。 方法入选具有典型胃食管反流症状(烧心/反流),并且食管24 h MII-pH检查结果异常的GERD患者,根据内镜检查结果分为BE、RE、NERD三组,收集患者24 h的食管pH-阻抗信息,应用SPSS16.0统计软件进行组间Mann Whitney检验、多因素方差分析,P< 0.05认为具有统计学差异。 结果共入组103例具有典型反流症状且MII-pH监测阳性的GERD患者,其中有15例BE患者、32例RE患者、56例NERD患者。三组患者的平均年龄、性别构成、以及BMI无显著差异性。将三组患者的各项胃食管反流指标数值进行Mann-Whitney检验,显示RE、BE患者的DeMeester评分、pH<4反流时间百分比、长反流周期数显著高于NERD患者,具有显著性差异。BE患者的反流周期数显著多于RE和NERD患者,具有显著性差异。阻抗相关指标在三组患者之间均没有统计学差异。 结论与NERD相比,酸反流对于RE和BE具有更重要的致病意义。     

难治性胃食管反流病食管动力异常与反流特点的研究

目的研究难治性胃食管反流病(refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease,rGERD)食管动力学特征和反流特点。方法应用高分辨率食管测压(HRM)监测87例GERD患者和70例rGERD患者食管动力学数据,同时应用便携式24 h食管pH-阻抗监测仪记录两组患者的酸暴露特点、反流类型及反流特点,分析比较两组患者间差异。结果rGERD患者中UES压力、LES压力显著低于GERD患者(P<0.05),rGERD患者LES的长度与GERD患者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。rGERD患者中食管动力障碍比例高于GERD患者(70.00%vs 33.33%,χ2=4.891,P<0.05),DCI下降为特征的食管蠕动收缩障碍及间断收缩为特征的食管收缩节律障碍者比例两组比较,差异无统计学意义(57.14%vs 62.07%;42.86%vs 37.93%,χ2=3.275、2.822,P>0.05)。rGERD患者DeMeester评分高于GERD患者(P=0.014),rGERD患者反流性质中弱酸反流及非酸反流明显多于GERD患者(P弱酸=0.001,P非酸=0.017),而酸反流次数差异无统计学意义(P酸=0.385);rGERD患者反流性状中气体反流及气液混合反流次数多于GERD患者(P气=0.022,P气液=0.031),而液体反流次数差异无统计学意义(P液=0.742)。结论rGERD患者与GERD患者相比,存在UES压力偏低、LES压力下降和食管蠕动收缩障碍等食管动力学异常;rGERD患者反流以弱酸反流及碱反流为主,而GERD患者以酸反流为主,同时rGERD患者中气液混合反流所占比例大,而GERD患者以液体反流为主。     

胃食管反流性疾病的研究回顾

0 引言胃食管反流性疾病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)常见.据近年对北京、上海成人的调查资料统计,GERD 的患病率为5.77%,反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis,RE)的患病率接近2%.广义的 GERD 主要包括十二指肠胃反流(duodenogastricreflux,DGR),胃食管反流(gastro-oesophageal reflux,GOR)和十二指肠胃食管反流(duodenogastro-oesophageal reflux,DGOR).     

难治性胃食管反流病的诊疗策略

胃食管反流病（GERD）是临床常见疾病,约30%~50%的患者症状在质子泵抑制剂（PPI）治疗后不能得到完全缓 解,其中难治性GERD占较大比例。pH阻抗监测、高分辨率食管测压、内镜及活检等有助于分析导致难治性GERD 发生的原因。其中,pH阻抗对分析导致难治性GERD成因非常重要。反流后吞咽诱发蠕动波指数（PSPWI）和夜间平 均基线阻抗（MNBI）这两个新指标有助于提高诊断率。难治性GERD的治疗手段包括更换PPI种类、加用H2受体阻 滞剂、辅以促动力药物、外科手术、内镜下治疗等。个体化治疗策略的制定有赖于难治性GERD的具体成因。     

21世纪的常见病:胃食管反流病

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)是指胃食管反流所致的烧心、反酸症状或食管下段组织病理学改变。糜烂性食管炎(erosive esophagitis,EE)是GERD的一个亚组,内镜下可见食管黏膜破损(参考1994年洛杉矶反流性食管炎的内镜分类)。如胃食管反流引起烧心、反酸症状,但内镜下无食管黏膜破损,而24hpH监测显示食管有异常酸暴露,这一GERD亚组称为内镜阴性反流病(endoscopic negative re-     

24h食管pH-阻抗联合监测评估以慢性咳嗽为表现的GERD患者的反流特征

背景：腔内阻抗技术与24h食管pH监测联用,可检出各种类型的胃食管反流事件,明确反流物的性质及其酸碱性。目的：应用24h食管pH-阻抗联合监测初步探讨以慢性咳嗽为表现的胃食管反流病（GERD）患者的反流特征。方法：连续纳入胸部X线检查无明显异常、无典型胃食管反流症状的不明原因慢性咳嗽患者73例,其中内镜检查无异常发现且DH-阻抗联合监测结果符合GERD诊断者定义为慢性咳嗽GERD组,21例健康志愿者作为正常对照组,比较两组pH-阻抗联合监测结果。结果：单纯根据pH监测结果,17例患者诊断为GERD。根据pH-阻抗联合监测结果,则有26例患者诊断为GERD。慢性咳嗽GERD组以气一液混合反流为主（46.3％）,正常对照组以气体反流为主（68．9％）,两组均以弱酸反流为主（59．9％和59．1％）。两组间DeMeester计分以及气体反流、酸反流、近端反流次数等差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：以慢性咳嗽为表现的GERD患者以气．液混合反流和弱酸反流为主,无论是立位还是卧位时均存在明显的异常反流且近端反流较正常人多见。24h食管DH-阻抗联合监测对疑似GERD的慢性咳嗽患者有重要诊断价值。     

胃食管阀瓣在胃食管反流病中的分布及其与症状的相关性

背景：近年我国胃食管反流病（GERD）的发生率不断升高,胃食管阎瓣（GEFV）分级对评估GERD有重要作用。目的：探讨GEFV在GERD中的分布特征及其与患者症状的关系。方法：选取2010年1～12月聊城市人民医院行胃镜检查发现的343例糜烂性食管炎（EE）、483例非糜烂性反流病（NERD）和99例Barrett食管（BE）患者,记录GEFV的Hill分级,采用GERD症状评定量表（GSAS）记录症状频率、严重度评分。比较GERD各型中GEFV的分布及其与症状频率、严重度评分的关系。结果：异常GEV多见于男性、高龄、超重和食管裂孔疝患者。随着EE的Los Angeles分级增加,异常GEV的发生率增加（P=0.002）;GEFV分级在EE、NERD和BE组间的分布无明显差异（P=0.612）：与正常GEFV组相比,异常GEFV组GERD的症状频率评分明显增高（P〈0.05）,而症状严重度评分无明显差异（P〉0.05）。多重线性回归分析显示症状频率评分与年龄、GEFV分级和GERD类型相关（P〈0.05）,症状严重度评分与年龄、GERD类型相关（P〈0.05）。结论：GEFV分级在GERD各亚型中的分布无明显差异,而与GERD症状频率相关。     

正常人和胃食管反流病人的昼夜食管pH和动力变化

目的:为探讨正常人和胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)病人昼夜食管运动规律以及食管运动与酸反流的关系。方法:45例GERD病人和10名正常人均接受食管测压和动态食管pH及压力同步监测。结果:(1)下食管括约肌压、远端食管蠕动压及有效食管蠕动百分比在酸反流DeMeester高计分组明显低于低计分组(P<0.05),在反流性食管炎组也明显低于非反流性食管炎组(P<0.05)。(2)有GERD症状或食管炎的卧位有效蠕动百分比明显低于立位(P<0.05)。反流性食管炎组80％有夜间或伴有夜间反流,而不伴反流性食管炎的GERD无1例出现夜间反流。结论:昼夜食管pH和压力动态监测有利于进一步探讨GERD的运动病理,除LES功能外,食管清除功能在GERD发病中起重要作用。     

原发性胆汁反流性胃炎与胃食管反流病的关系

目的:探讨原发性胆汁反流性胃炎(primary bile reflux gastritis,PBRG)与胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)之间的相关性.方法:选取我院确诊为PBRG的患者1060例为观察组,无痛胃镜下未查见有PBRG的体检者1060例为对照组,比较两组GERD的发生率;依据内镜下PBRG的诊断标准,将260例PBRG伴有GERD的患者分为轻度、中度及重度3组,对比各组食管黏膜损伤的程度以及GERD症状积分的分布.结果:PBRG组GERD的发生率高于对照组(24.5%vs9.8%,P<0.05).食管黏膜损伤程度加深的发生率随着PBRG程度的加重而增加.PBRG的程度与GERD症状分级无相关性.结论:PBRG与反流性食管炎(refluxe sophagitis,RE)形成存在正性相关,PBRG并非是引起GERD症状的主要原因.     

Endoscopic grading of gastroesophageal flap valve and atrophic gastritis is helpful to predict gastroesophageal reflux

Background and Aim: The endoscopic grading of the gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV) has been suggested to be a good predictor of reflux status. Atrophic gastritis is inversely associated with reflux esophagitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between GEFV, atrophic gastritis and gastroesophageal reflux. Methods: A total of 608 patients (252 men and 356 women; mean age 51.1 years) who underwent endoscopy, esophageal manometry and ambulatory 24‐h pH monitoring were included. GEFV was graded I through IV using Hill's classification: the GEFV was largely classified into two groups: the normal GEFV group (grades I and II) and the abnormal GEFV group (grades III and IV). Atrophic gastritis was classified into two groups by endoscopic atrophic border: closed‐type (C‐type) and open‐type (O‐type). Findings of endoscopy, esophageal manometry and ambulatory pH monitoring were compared among the groups. Results: The incidence of reflux esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease was associated with an abnormal GEFV grade and was inversely associated with open‐type atrophic gastritis. The patients with a coexisting abnormal GEFV and closed‐type atrophic gastritis showed a significantly higher incidence of reflux esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease than the patients with a coexisting normal GEFV and open‐type atrophic gastritis (OR, 20.6 [95% CI, 6.2–68.4], 11.4 [95% CI, 6.3–20.7], respectively). Conclusions: Endoscopic grading of GEFV and atrophic gastritis is simple and provides useful information on the status of gastroesophageal reflux.     

Abnormal gastroesophageal flap valve is highly associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease among subjects undergoing routine endoscopy in Taiwan

OBJECTIVE: Gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV) grade predicts severe gastroesophageal reflux disease in Caucasians, but its role in other populations is unclear. This study evaluated the significance of endoscopic grading of the GEFV in Taiwanese subjects. METHODS: Five hundred and six consecutive patients undergoing routine check-ups at the National Taiwan University Hospital were enrolled. Symptoms of upper gastrointestinal disease and endoscopic severity of esophageal mucosal injury were correlated to GEFV grades according to the Hill classification. RESULTS: The frequency of abnormal valves (Hill grades III or IV) was 27.3%. Of these, 42.7% had erosive esophagitis (EE). The majority of patients with EE were classified as Los Angeles grades A and B (79.7 and 16.9%, respectively). The prevalence of EE, hiatal hernia and, to a lesser degree, non-erosive reflux disease, increased with altered GEFV. Patients with abnormal valves were younger and more likely to be male, overweight, and to have atypical and extraesophageal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Taiwanese patients with abnormal GEFVs share similar characteristics and risk factors with the patients who have EE. Endoscopic grading of the GEFV is highly associated with GERD, and in particular EE, in subjects undergoing routine endoscopy.     

Gastroesophageal flap valve is associated with gastroesophageal and gastropharyngeal reflux

Background The endoscopic grade of the gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV) is suggested to be a good predictor of reflux status. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the GEFV and gastroesophageal and gastropharyngeal reflux. Methods A total of 364 patients (151 men and 233 women; mean age, 52.2 years) who underwent endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and ambulatory 24-h dual-probe pH monitoring were included. GEFV was graded I through IV using Hill's classification; then, GEFV was classified into two groups: a normal GEFV group (grades I and II) and an abnormal GEFV group (grades III and IV). Findings of endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and ambulatory pH monitoring were compared between the groups. Results Increased GEFV grade was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of both reflux esophagitis and Barrett's epithelium (P < 0.001). Lower esophageal sphincter pressure was significantly lower in the abnormal GEFV group than in the normal GEFV group (P < 0.001). All variables showing gastroesophageal reflux in the distal probe were significantly higher in the abnormal GEFV group than in the normal GEFV group (P < 0.001). In addition, all variables, except the supine time of pH < 4, showing gastropharyngeal reflux in the proximal probe were significantly higher in the abnormal GEFV group than in the normal GEFV group (P < 0.001). The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease and of gastropharyngeal reflux disease was significantly higher in the abnormal GEFV group than in the normal GEFV group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Endoscopic grading of the GEFV is easy and provides useful information about the status of gastroesophageal and gastropharyngeal reflux.     

胃食管反流病问卷评分对胃食管反流病患者食管酸暴露的预测意义

目的 确定胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)症状评分能否反映胃食管反流病(GERD)患者由24 h食管动态pH监测显示的酸暴露情况,进一步验证GerdQ的临床应用价值.方法 纳入2008年11月至2010年3月因烧心等上消化道症状就诊的门诊GERD病例134例,均完成胃镜检查、24 h食管动态pH监测和GerdQ量表.根据...     

Prospective validation of reflux monitoring by impedance-pH in predicting PPI response in typical GERD

BackgroundThe Lyon Consensus proposed a hierarchical approach to GERD diagnosis based on conventional and new impedance-pH metrics, namely acid exposure time (AET), number of reflux episodes, post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index, and mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI).AimsTo define the value of conventional and new impedance-pH parameters as predictors of response to label-dose PPI in typical GERD.MethodsConsecutive adult patients with typical esophageal symptoms were prospectively studied with impedance-pH monitoring and treated with 8-week label-dose PPI. At the end of the PPI course, symptoms response was assessed.ResultsAmong 255 patients who entered the study, 168 (65.9%) reported symptom remission. At ROC analysis, both MNBI and PSPW index were significantly associated to PPI responsiveness with AUC of 0.783 and 0.801, respectively. Cut-off values of 1747Ω for MNBI and 50% for PSPW index were identified as discriminators between response and non-response to label-dose PPI. At multivariate analysis, MNBI, PSPW index, and AET >6% were efficient predictors of PPI responses (OR 3, 5.4 and 2.3, respectively). Number of reflux episodes did not predict PPI response.ConclusionsThe novel MII-pH variables together with pathological are highly predictive of response of the typical GERD syndrome to label-dose PPI.     

胃食管阀瓣与反流性食管炎的关系初步探讨

目的 探讨胃食管阀瓣（GEFV）与反流性食管炎（RE）的关系.方法 分析2007年1月至2009年12月我院内镜诊断的BE 239例,按洛杉矶标准进行食管炎分级,按Hill分类法进行GEFV的分级.通过对照分析,探讨GEFV与RE之间的关系.结果 入组的960人中,异常GEFV发生率32.9%,RE发生率24.9%.重症RE（C级、D级）发生率GEFV异常组明显高于GEFV正常组（23.1%比2.4%,P=0.000）;RE分级与GEFV级别呈正相关（r=0.308,P=0.000）.RE患者的异常GEFV发生率高于非食管炎者（65.3%比22.2%,P=0.000）.RE患者和异常GEFV组均为男性多于女性（63.6%、60.1%比36.4%、39.9%,P=0.000）.各年龄段中,随着年龄的增长,RE巳的发生率逐渐升高,年龄增长与RE发生率呈正相关,（r=0.214,P=0.000）.30岁以上,随着年龄的增长,异常GEFV的发生率逐渐升高,年龄增长与异常GEFV的发生率呈正相关（r=0.129,P=0.000）.结论 GEFV异常和RE发生存在相关性,观察GEFV可作为评估和预测患者反流状态的有效方法.     

莫沙必利治疗胃食管反流病的随机、双盲、安慰剂交叉对照研究

目前对促胃肠动力药莫沙必利改善中国汉族胃食管反流病（GERD）患者胃食管反流症状和食管运动障碍的作用尚缺乏系统观察。目的：观察莫沙必利对中国汉族人群中GERD患者的治疗作用。方法：采用随机、双盲、安慰剂交叉对照研究设计，选取有典型胃食管反流症状的GERD患者23例行胃食管反流症状评估、食管测压以及24h食管DH和胆红素联合监测，对比研究莫沙必利和安慰剂各1周交叉治疗对胃食管反流症状的改善情况，以及对食管运动功能和胃食管反流事件的影响。结果：与安慰剂治疗相比，莫沙必利治疗可降低胃食管反流总症状积分，加快食管体部蠕动波传导速度，增加湿咽成功率，减少食管下端pH〈4总反流次数和长时间（≥5min）反流次数，降低pH〈4总时间百分比和DeMeester计分，降低食管下端胆汁反流总时间百分比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：莫沙必利治疗1周可有效改善本组中国汉族GERD患者的胃食管反流症状，部分改善食管运动障碍以及酸反流和胆汁反流．是治疗GERD安全、有效的药物。     

Endoscopic grading of gastroesophageal flap valve helps predict proton pump inhibitor response in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Abstract

Objective. Limited information is available on predictors of the response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Endoscopic grading of gastroesophageal flap valve (GEFV) is simple and reproducible, and can provide useful information on patients with suspected reflux undergoing an endoscopy. The aim of this study was to prospectively identify predictors, including endoscopic findings such as GEFV, for PPI treatment outcomes in patients with GERD. Material and methods. One hundred and fifty consecutive patients with GERD were enrolled. All patients were treated with pantoprazole 40 mg daily for 8 weeks. Treatment response was defined as greater than 50% reduction in symptom scores between the two symptom assessments (i.e., over 4 or 8 weeks). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses between responders and non-responders were performed to identify variables predicting response to pantoprazole treatment. Results. Of the 150 consecutive patients considered for this study, 31 were excluded based on exclusion criteria and/or refusal to participate, leaving 119 eligible patients. After 4-week pantoprazole treatment, 70 of 119 (58.8%) patients were classified as responders. Patients with obesity and Helicobacter pylori infection demonstrated a higher response rate to 4-week pantoprazole treatment (odds ratio (OR) 5.28, p = 0.008; OR 3.76, p = 0.023, respectively). Patients with abnormal GEFV showed a lower response rate to 4-week treatment (OR 0.17, p = 0.016). After 8-week treatment, 86 of 119 (72.3%) patients were classified as responders. Abnormal GEFV and aspirin intake were associated with a lower response rate to 8-week treatment (OR 0.17, p = 0.021; OR 0.11, p = 0.020, respectively). Conclusions. Abnormal GEFV was a significant independent factor predicting poor response to both 4-week and 8-week pantoprazole treatment. Endoscopic grading of GEFV provides useful information for predicting the response to PPI treatment in patients with GERD.