加强人才队伍建设实现医院可持续发展

随着知识经济的到来和医疗市场竞争的加剧,医院发展中对"战略"格局越来越起到关键作用的一个重要因素就是人才,人才竞争是一场零距离的"战争".医院要发展,就要抓好人才这个"第一资源",如何更好地培养、保留、管理和利用人力资源,已成为医院发展的一项重要任务.结合当前形势和医院工作实际,笔者就人才管理的环节进行探讨.     

"健康食府"开张啦!

"民以食为天".不良的饮食习惯会导致"病从口入",科学的饮食方式则可以使"病从口出".新开张的<健康食府>每期精选日常饮食中的小知识.倡导科学的饮食方式,使您远离病痛,欢迎各位食客光临!     

护士职业倦怠对护理工作的影响

职业倦怠,又称"职业枯竭".据中国人力资源调查,中国正进入工作倦怠现象高峰期,工作倦怠已成为社会的"流行病".医疗工作是一个高风险的职业,劳动强度高,危险性强,极易产生职业倦怠.     

企业人力资源管理中失信问题的分析

人力资源诚信管理是企业获得持久竞争优势的源泉。企业高层管理者将员工视为成本的管理理念误区 ,企业人力资源管理制度的不健全以及社会监督不力 ,导致企业人力资源管理中存在严重的失信问题。企业必须采取制订科学的人力资源管理制度 ,塑造诚信的企业文化等措施 ,杜绝人力资源管理中的失信行为 ,提高企业的市场竞争实力。     

对消炎利胆片现行质量标准中含量测定的建议

目的:建议将消炎利胆片现行质量标准中含量测定方法中的"蒸干"改为"挥干".方法:依照国药监局2000ZFB0036文中含量测定方法对蒸干部分及挥干部分进行检测.结果:发现水浴蒸干会使脱水穿心莲内酯的色谱峰峰面积积分值大大降低.结论:原含量测定方法中水浴蒸干的操作会导致实测结果含量偏低.     

甲基苯丙胺依赖所致认知障碍的治疗进展

甲基苯丙胺(MA)具有强烈的中枢神经兴奋作用和致欣快作用,已成为我国滥用人数最多的"头号毒品".长期滥用会损伤大脑的结构和功能,从而导致MA依赖者出现不同程度的认知功能障碍.MA依赖者认知功能障碍的出现不仅会严重影响患者的日常生活,还会增加其对MA的渴求,导致戒断治疗的失败.故针对MA依赖所致的认知障碍,探索制订切实有...     

新时期医院人力资源管理的思考

目的 分析传统人力资源的管理的现状,建立科学先进和具有时代特色的人力资源管理模式.方法 建立"以人为本"的管理思想,重新审视人力资源管理的角色和价值,改革收入分配制度,加速院长的职业化进程.结果 搞好人力资源的管理,是医院实施可持续发展的一项重要工作.结论 医院发展的根本是对所拥有的人力资源进行充分合理的开发利用和管理,使医院的总体战略目标得以实现.     

粗品肝素钠的返工处理方法

<正> 在粗品肝素钠生产中,次品的返工精制是常见的,不仅生产中不符合收购标准的次品进行处理,有时已达到较低标准(60u/mg)的产品,处理后经济效益更高。要根据形成次品的原因采取适当的处理方     

浅析公立医院人力资源管理方法的探索

人力资源是第一资源,做好人力资源管理是完成各项工作的前提和保障,是实现单位可持续发展、管理水平不断提高的基础。随着公立医院改革的开展,决定了其人力资源管理模式应打破传统人事管理制度,最大限度地挖掘自身内部的人才潜力,本文通过分析现有公立医院人力资源管理现状,结合当前实际情况,提出了有利于公立医院人力资源管理发展的一些具体的科学措施,强调实行"以人为本"的软性管理制度。     

富硒黑木耳中无机元素及硒含量测定

硒是人和动物生命中必需的微量元素,缺硒或过量均会导致人畜得病.菌多糖在国际上被称为"生物反应调节剂",目前已成为医药、保健品开发的"热点".黑木耳多糖由于其优良的人体保健功能,在医学界、营养学界等都进行了比较多的研究,并证明了多种临床保健功能.黑木耳多糖的提取九十年代已引起人们的关注,但黑木耳硒多糖的提取工艺未见报导.     

Studies of the Chinese crude drug "Fangji" (1) herbological studies of name

The Japanese Pharmacopoeia standardizes a Chinese crude drug "Bou-i" as the woody stem of Sinomenium acutum Rherder et Wilson of the family Menispermaceae. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia writes about the same drug under the name of "Fang-ji". The present herbological studies resulted in learning that the original written character for this drug is in China. The ancient Japanese misread it as "--" because of confusion between "--" and "--" in old Chinese herbals. The reason for changing "--" to "--" in China is presumed to be because the pronunciation of these characters changed in the Yuan dynasty, to "--" from "zi" to "si", and to "--" from "ki" to "tsi." That is, the original name "Fang-ji," written in today's Chinese phonetic symbols, can be used without big changes by switching the character from "--" to "--".     

Liver growth and mixed-function oxidase activity: Dose-dependent stimulatory and inhibitory effects of α-hexachlorocyclohexane

Summary -hexachlorocyclohexane (-HCH) elicits liver growth and stimulation of hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase. In the present study the extent of these changes was determined in rats 2, 4 and 6 days after treatment with doses of -HCH ranging from 1 to 600 mg/kg. Above the respective threshold doses liver mass, liver DNA, and the rate of aminopyrine demethylation increased in proportion to the log dose. Threshold doses were calculated to be 30 mg/kg for the increase of liver weight and DNA, and 5 mg/kg for the stimulation of aminopyrine demethylation.Liver mass and liver DNA continued to increase up to the highest dose used; in contrast, the rate of aminopyrine demethylation declined at doses exceeding 200 mg/kg. This decline seems to be due to inhibition by -HCH retained in the microsomal fraction: -HCH is a potent, apparently competitive inhibitor of aminopyrine demethylation, and gaschromatographic determinations revealed that the amount of -HCH retained in the microsomes is sufficient to produce considerable inhibition of the enzymatic reaction.Abbreviations -HCH -1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane, -benzene hexachloride - EL 241 [,-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-3-pyridinemethanol] - RLW relative liver weight = liver weight in percent of body weight     

Viscoelastic Properties of Polyacrylic Acid Gels in Mixed Solvents

The objective of this study is to investigate the viscoelastic properties of Carbopol 934P polymeric systems in a variety of mixtures of pharmaceutical solvents. Carbopol 934P neutralized with a 1:1 equivalent ratio of triethanolamine was dissolved in various binary or ternary solvent mixtures consisting of propylene glycol, glycerol formal, and water. Dynamic moduli G and G, complex viscosities, and , and loss tangent, tan, were examined over a frequency range of 10-3 to 10 Hz using an oscillatory viscoelastic rheometer at 30°C. The results indicated that for 0.5-1.5 wt% neutralized Carbopol in ternary mixtures, G and G increased by 3-4 orders of magnitude and the phase angle decreased from 80 to 25° when the water content in the solvent mixture increased from 10 to 80 wt%. These studies also indicated that the addition of water to nonaqueous Carbopol 934P polymer systems transforms them from low-viscosity solutions to gels with significant elastic behavior involving physical interaction and entanglement of polymer segments with solvents.     

One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional 1H- and 13C-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Analysis of Vitamin E Raw Materials or Analytical Reference Standards

Two-dimensional spectral analysis (COSY, HETCOR) was utilized to make the complete ¹³C- and ¹H-NMR assignments for -, -, --, and -tocopherol as well as for the acetate and succinate esters of -tocopherol. ¹³C-NMR was found to be especially useful in distinguishing between the various tocopherols and distinguishing between the d-isomer and the d,l-racemic mixture. HETCOR spectra were also found to be useful for the qualitative identification of mixtures of the tocopherols and sesame oil. Using a procedure designed to minimize errors arising from spin relaxation and nuclear Overhauser effects, ¹³C-NMR peak integrals were used to quantitate -tocopherol and -tocopherol in the presence of sesame oil using benzoic acid as the standard for calibration of the quantitation. The NMR results were compared to a capillary column gas chromatographic analysis of the individual -tocopherol and -tocopherol reference materials.Chris W. Myers: Recipient of the Analysis and Pharmaceutical Quality Section Undergraduate Award in Pharmaceutical Analysis from the APQ Section of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists.     

Alcohol,anxiolytics and social stress in rats

The main objective was to compare the anxiolytic-like profiles of alcohol, diazepam and gepirone along the stress intensity gradient which characterizes consecutive phases of a social confrontation. The acute social stress situation consisted of initially placing the experimental rat as an intruder into the homecage of a resident while the resident was not present, termed the anticipatory phase, thereafter permitting brief physical agonistic interactions with the re-introduced resident until the intruder was forced into a submissive supine posture and emitted ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), and eventually exposing the intruder to the resident's threats for 1 h, while being shielded from potential injurious attacks. The hyperthermia, measured via telemetry, in the anticipatory phase prior to defeat and in reaction to threats, was decreased by alcohol, gepirone and diazepam; alcohol and gepirone were also effective in attenuating anticipatory tachycardia. Alcohol, like gepirone and diazepam, also decreased defensive responses and ultrasonic vocalizations in the anticipatory phase of the confrontation, but none of these drugs affected defensive reactions to threats which immediately followed defeat. Gepirone had no systematic sedative effects throughout the confrontation; infact, it dose-dependently reduced the stress-induced suppression of locomotor activity during the anticipatory phase. In contrast, at higher doses, alcohol as well as diazepam had marked sedative effects as evidenced by several behavioral parameters (i.e. lie, crouch, walk). The anxiolytic-like profile of hyperthermia, tachycardia, USV and defensive behavior in the anticipatory phase of the confrontation by alcohol, gepirone and diazepam contrasted with the lack thereof during the more intense reactive phase. This differential pattern of effects appears to be relevant to the clinical distinctions between anticipatory anxiety and other affective disturbances.     

医院药学服务障碍测量工具文献分析

目的:探索医院药学服务障碍测量工具的优化策略与发展方向,以期提升我国药学服务障碍相关研究的质量.方法:以"医院""医疗机构""药学服务""障碍""阻碍""限制""Hospital""Pharmaceutical Care""Pharmacy Service""Pharmaceuti-cal Service""Barri...     

Reversal of tumor-induced immunosuppression by TGF-beta inhibitors

The immune system is responsible for the early detection and destruction of newly transformed malignant cells. Some transformed cells become immunologically invisible by passive avoidance of immune surveillance (i.e., when tumor cells are immunologically indistinguishable from normal cells). Other transformed cells actively secrete cytokines that effectively blind the immune system to the presence of abnormal antigens on the tumor cell surface. Transforming growth factor- (TGF-), which is expressed by a majority of malignant tumors, is the most potent immunosuppressor and therefore, the most likely cytokine to be responsible for the latter phenomenon. In addition to playing a key role in tumor-induced immunosuppression, TGF- stimulates angiogenesis. Interestingly, tumor cells eventually become refractory to TGF--mediated growth arrest, either due to loss of TGF- receptors or due to dysregulation in TGF- signaling pathways. Neutralization of TGF- or inhibition of its production is an effective method of cancer treatment in variety of animal models. Several agents targeting TGF- are in the early stages of development and include anti-TGF- antibodies, small molecule inhibitors of TGF-, Smad inhibitors and antisense gene therapy. Since tumors may express more than one isoform of TGF-, these new drugs should target all three TGF- isoforms produced by human tumors. The effects of therapies targeting TGF- are likely to be synergistic with cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Reversal of TGF--induced immunosuppression is a new and promising approach to cancer therapy, with potential applications in other diseases such as AIDS.     

Reasons for consumption and heavy caffeine use: generalization of a model based on alcohol research

The extent of alcohol consumption and problems has been found to be related to the types of reasons for consuming. At least two types of motives have been identified ("personal effects" and "social") with "personal effects" motives related to higher consumption and more alcohol problems. The present study tested the applicability of this model to caffeine consumption, in particular, coffee and tea. Eighteen motives for consuming coffee and tea were used to predict coffee/tea consumption, dependence, and problems. Principal component analyses identified four types of motives: two social ("sociability" and "beverage") and two personal effects ("stimulant" and "relief"). Overall, the "relief" and "stimulant" types of motives were the best predictors for all criterion measures (consumption, dependence and problems); "beverage" motives strongly predicted consumption and dependence; and "sociability" motives were least useful in predicting all criterion measures. These results are consistent with research on the relationship between extent of alcohol consumption/problems and reasons for consuming.     

Tryptophan antidepressant ‘physiological sedative’: Fact or fancy?

Some recent publications relating to the allegedly antidepressive and sedative effects of L-tryptophan the precursor of 5-HT have been reviewed.The evidence to date suggests that the amino acid is as effective as standard tricyclic drugs in alleviating the symptoms of depression, especially those cases presenting with mainly psychomotor retardation, and is synergistic with MAOIs. L-Tryptophan would also appear to be a physiological sedative. This action, however, appears to be related to the time of administration and at present has only been demonstrated at night, when endogenous levels of 5-HT are at their peak.In terms of practical therapeutics L-tryptophan would appear to have greater potential as an antidepressant than as a sedative.     

The role of neuronal uptake atα- andβ-adrenoceptor sites in subcutaneous adipose tissue

Summary Intravascular noradrenaline infusion may cause vasodilatation or vasoconstriction in subcutaneous adipose tissue, whereas sympathetic nerve activity causes vasoconstriction only. This discrepancy may be due to a differential distribution of - and -adrenoceptors in relation to adrenergic nerve terminals in the adipose tissue vessels. In order to test this hypothesis the extent of prejunctional supersensitivity to noradrenaline was studied after blockade the neuronal uptake of noradrenaline with cocaine.In the autoperfused, isolated inguinal canine adipose tissue pretreatment with cocaine (200–600 g close i.a.) increased lipolysis following sympathetic nerve stimulation or close i.a. injection of noradrenaline. Cocaine also potentiated the vasoconstriction induced by nerve stimulation (1–3 Hz) or intra-arterial noradrenaline (0.2–2 nmoles) as well as the vasodilatation induced by sympathetic nerve stimulation (1–3 Hz) after -receptor blockade. However, the vasodilatation following close i.a. injection of noradrenaline after -receptor blockade was not changed by cocaine.The results indicate that the functionally important vascular -adrenoceptors in adipose tissue are in close contact with adrenergic nerve terminals, whereas most vascular -adrenoceptors seem to be unrelated to the nerve terminals. Thus, the -adrenoceptors in the adipose tissue vessels may be classified as innervated receptors, in contrast to the vascular -adrenoceptors which may be more acessible to circulating catecholamines and may be classified as humoral receptors. Furthermore at least some of the -receptors on the adipocytes seem to be located close to sympathetic nerve terminals.