子宫颈环形电切术后子宫颈上皮内病变复发的相关影响因素及对策研究

目的探讨宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)术后宫颈上皮内病变复发、残留及其相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析2018年5月至2019年5月在首都医科大学附属北京妇产院妇科微创门诊因CIN行LEEP手术的409例患者的临床及资料,采集患者术前术后TCT、HPV、阴道镜病理及12个月随访结果,分析复发及残留的发生情况及影响因素。结果 409例LEEP术后一年的随访中,复发37例,残留5例,复发率为9.05%,残留率为1.22%。年龄≥35岁、绝经、吸烟、产次≥2、术前高危型HPV阳性、病变级别越高、术后病理切缘阳性、术后高危型HPV持续感染是疾病复发的高危因素(P 0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,术后复发的独立危险因素有:绝经、吸烟史、病变级别、术后病理切缘阳性及术后高危型HPV持续感染(P 0.05)。结论 LEEP术后病变复发的危险因素为绝经、吸烟史、高病变级别、术后病理切缘阳性及术后高危型HPV持续感染。应对不同的危险因素采取个性化的预防措施。     

不同手术方式治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变的近、远期疗效分析

目的:分析治疗和阻断宫颈上皮内瘤变进展的近、远期疗效,明确最佳阻断方式,探讨术后复发的影响因素。方法:回顾分析2009年1月至2014年12月于广西壮族自治区内3家三级甲等医院行宫颈锥切术的1226例高级别CIN患者。比较不同治疗术式的临床疗效。单因素和多因素分析术后病理切缘阳性、术后复发等可能相关的因素。结果:冷刀锥切术(CKC)与宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)相比,手术时间长、出血量大,但手术方式与术后切缘阳性无关。单因素分析发现,年龄、绝经、病灶范围、阴道镜检查是否满意为影响术后切缘状态的可能相关危险因素(P0.05);手术方式、高危HPV的感染率、细胞学、腺体累及情况则与切缘无关。Logistic回归分析显示,绝经、病灶范围、阴道镜检查是否满意是影响术后切缘阳性的危险因素,其OR值分别为2.648、1.685、2.917。Cox回归分析显示,切缘状态、高危HPV持续感染、绝经是影响术后复发的危险因素,其相对风险度(HR)分别为4.533、4.062、2.377。结论:LEEP和CKC都是安全有效的CIN治疗和阻断进展的手术方法。切缘阳性、高危HPV的持续感染及绝经是CIN复发的高危因素,应纳入复发预警模型,切缘阳性者可选择重复锥切术。     

宫颈上皮内瘤变患者行宫颈锥切术后持续病变或复发的危险因素分析

目的研究宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)患者行宫颈锥切术后病变残留或复发的危险因素,为临床干预提供参考。方法选取2013年5月至2015年6月河南省新乡市中心医院收治的CIN患者60例为研究对象。患者均行宫颈锥切术治疗,术后随访2年。观察术后病变残留或复发情况,对相关影响因素(年龄、孕次、产次、颈管腺体累及、术后病理切缘阳性、术后HPV持续感染)行单因素分析,并行进一步多因素分析。结果60例患者随访期间出现病变残留3例(5%);复发6例(10%)。单因素分析显示,CIN患者术后病变残留或复发与产次、颈管腺体累及、术后病理切缘阳性、术后HPV持续感染因素存在相关性(均P0.05);而与年龄、孕次因素无关(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,产次、颈管腺体累及、术后病理切缘阳性、术后HPV持续感染均不属于CIN宫颈锥切术后病变残留或复发的独立危险因素。结论行宫颈锥切术的CIN患者出现术后病变残留或复发的因素多样,临床可行针对性干预,降低术后病变残留率及复发率,促使患者预后改善。     

宫颈上皮内瘤变宫颈环形电切术后2098例标本切缘阳性的临床病理分析

目的:探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)宫颈环形电切(LEEP)术后切缘阳性的相关临床病理因素。方法:分析2098例CINⅠ～ⅢLEEP标本切缘阳性与患者年龄、HPV感染、病变程度、病变累及腺体及病灶数量的关系。结果:2098例LEEP术后标本中共有238例切缘阳性,占11.34%,其病理检查诊断均为鳞状上皮高度病变。>40岁患者LEEP术后标本切缘阳性率(13.20%)高于≤40岁年龄组(9.82%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.91,P<0.05);HPV阳性组LEEP术后标本切缘阳性率(12.17%)高于HPV阴性组(4.72%),差异有高度统计学意义(χ2=11.43,P<0.01);病变累及腺体组切缘阳性率(12.37%)高于未累及腺体组(9.43%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.11,P<0.05);多发病灶组切缘阳性率(13.41%)明显高于单发病灶组(9.74%),差异有高度统计学意义(χ2=6.93,P<0.01)。结论:LEEP术后标本切缘阳性主要存在于鳞状上皮高度病变组,其与年龄大于40岁、HPV感染、病变累及腺体及多点病灶有关。     

宫颈上皮内瘤变LEEP术后人乳头瘤病毒感染的临床分析

目的：探讨影响宫颈环形电切术（LEEP）治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）术后人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染和预后的相关因素。方法：回顾分析2013年1月-2015年12月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院妇科门诊行LEEP术并参与术后随访至少一次的CIN患者临床资料,共297例,分析其临床病理指标、术后HPV分型检测及病变残留或复发等情况。结果：LEEP术后HPV阳性率为14.5%（43/297）。LEEP术后HPV感染与切缘情况、病变累及外阴和/或阴道壁具有相关性（P＜0.05）。术后HPV阳性69.8%（30/43）在首次复查时发现,30.2%（13/43）为HPV首次复查转阴后再次感染。LEEP术后高危型HPV阳性与病变残留或复发具有相关性（r=0.401,P＝0.000）。手术前后HPV同一型别持续感染发生病变残留或复发的风险明显高于HPV不同型别感染（χ2=5.619,P＝0.046）,常见型别是HPV16、HPV58。结论：术前CIN合并阴道上皮内瘤变（VAIN）和/或外阴上皮内瘤变（VIN）及切缘阳性是术后HPV感染的高危因素,LEEP术后HPV分型检测对预测病变残留或复发具有重要作用。     

宫颈环形电切术后切缘状态350例临床分析

目的:分析宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)后切缘状态相关因素,评价切缘阳性结果。方法:回顾性分析我院经阴道镜活检诊断为宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅱ～Ⅲ且接受LEEP的患者350例,分析术后切缘阳性及预后的有关因素。结果:①350例患者,切缘阳性89例,其中CINⅡ87例,切缘阳性6例(6.90%);CINⅢ250例,切缘阳性77例(30.80%);宫颈癌13例,切缘阳性6例(46.15%)。②LEEP后行子宫全切除术29例和术后再次行冷刀锥切术1例,共有10例患者CIN病变残留,CIN病变残留率:切缘阴性者14.29%(2/14),切缘阳性者50.00%(8/16)。③对242例患者术后随访,12例CIN病变持续或进展。其中8例为切缘阴性患者,4例为切缘阳性患者(2例进展为宫颈浸润癌)。12例中,4例薄层液基细胞学涂片(TCT)检查阳性;10例人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检查阳性,其中8例为HPV16亚型持续阳性。④单因素分析表明,切缘阳性与病变严重程度有关(z=4.731,P<0.001),切缘阳性是CIN病变残留的高危因素(r=0.378,P=0.039)。LEEP后TCT检查异常、高危亚型HPV阳性以及同一亚型HPV...     

宫颈上皮内瘤变LEEP术后人乳头瘤病毒感染的临床分析

目的:探讨影响宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)术后人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染和预后的相关因素。方法:回顾分析2013年1月—2015年12月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院妇科门诊行LEEP术并参与术后随访至少一次的CIN患者临床资料,共297例,分析其临床病理指标、术后HPV分型检测及病变残留或复发等情况。结果:LEEP术后HPV阳性率为14.5%(43/297)。LEEP术后HPV感染与切缘情况、病变累及外阴和/或阴道壁具有相关性(P0.05)。术后HPV阳性69.8%(30/43)在首次复查时发现,30.2%(13/43)为HPV首次复查转阴后再次感染。LEEP术后高危型HPV阳性与病变残留或复发具有相关性(r=0.401,P=0.000)。手术前后HPV同一型别持续感染发生病变残留或复发的风险明显高于HPV不同型别感染(χ2=5.619,P=0.046),常见型别是HPV16、HPV58。结论:术前CIN合并阴道上皮内瘤变(VAIN)和/或外阴上皮内瘤变(VIN)及切缘阳性是术后HPV感染的高危因素,LEEP术后HPV分型检测对预测病变残留或复发具有重要作用。     

192例宫颈上皮内瘤变2/3级临床诊治分析

目的分析宫颈上皮内瘤变采用环形电切术(LEEP)的临床诊治情况。方法分析在北京市密云县妇幼保健院阴道镜下活检确诊为宫颈上皮内瘤变CIN2/3且行LEEP术的192例患者,对比分析LEEP和阴道镜活检的病理结果、HPV感染、切缘阳性及预后的有关因素及术后随访情况。结果 LEEP术前与阴道镜活检病理符合率108/192(56.25%),CIN级别上升35/192(18.23),CIN级别下降49/192(25.52%);切缘阳性26例,其中CIN2 1/78(1.28%),CIN3 23/108(21.30%),宫颈癌早浸2/6(33.33%);192例患者HPV感染180/192(93.75%),对180例患者术后随访中7例病变持续或进展,其中2例切缘阴性,5例切缘阳性均是同HR-HPV持续感染。结论 LEEP术后切缘阳性与病变严重程度及病变残留有关,术后同一HR-HPV持续感染应警惕CIN病变持续存在或进展为宫颈浸润癌。     

LEEP治疗CIN伴高危型HPV感染的临床观察

目的探讨高频电波刀电圈切除术（LEEP）治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）伴高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的临床疗效。方法对116例CINⅠ～Ⅲ伴高危型HPV阳性患者进行LEEP治疗，术后3个月再次检测其宫颈HPV—DNA的负荷量，同时行阴道镜检查及宫颈活检。结果术后3个月，80％以上的CINⅠ-Ⅲ病例转为慢性炎症；宫颈HPV负荷量由术前162．81下降为1．05，转阴率47．41％，低HPV负荷组与高HPV负荷组两组之间CIN转归存在显著差异（P=0．000）。结论LEEP可以有效治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变，同时可以明显降低宫颈HPV负荷量。LEEP治疗后，宫颈病变的转归与术后高危型HPV的负荷量的高低密切相关，提示高危型HPV负荷量的检测作为CIN治疗后随访项目之一有其必要性。     

宫颈锥切术后切缘状态及病变残留危险因素分析

目的探讨宫颈高级别上皮内病变(HSIL)与微小浸润癌(MIC)ⅠA1期患者行宫颈锥切术后切缘状态及病变残留的危险因素。方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院2015年1月至2018年1月宫颈锥切术后病理结果为HSIL及MICⅠA1期的199例患者的临床资料,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型,分析患者年龄、生育情况、绝经状态、高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染种类、锥切方式、病变级别、病变是否累及腺体、病变范围(累及象限)等因素与宫颈锥切术后切缘阳性的相关性。其中65例患者锥切术后行子宫切除术,采用同样的统计学方法分析以上因素及切缘状态与宫颈锥切术后病变残留的相关性。结果单因素及多因素分析显示:多重HR-HPV感染及病变级别与切缘阳性有相关性,是独立危险因素;绝经状态、多重HRHPV感染、切缘状态及病变级别与病变残留有相关性,是独立危险因素。结论多重HR-HPV感染及病变级别是切缘阳性的危险因素;绝经状态、多重HR-HPV感染、病变级别及切缘阳性是病变残留的危险因素。宫颈锥切手术中应加强对此类患者的管理,术前充分评估,术后密切随访。     

Assessment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) with colposcopic biopsy and efficacy of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)

Purpose

Conization for suspected high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is often performed based on abnormal cytology only. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a very common technique in this context. The present study analyses the accuracy of preoperative assessment of CIN with cytology plus colposcopic biopsy and assesses the efficacy of LEEP for the treatment of CIN.

Methods

Two-hundred and sixty-six consecutive patients treated with LEEP for suspected CIN at our center were retrospectively analyzed. Cytology, HPV-DNA testing, colposcopically directed cervical biopsy and/or endocervical curettage were performed to assess cervical lesions before and 3–6?months after surgery.

Results

Median age of the patients was 34?years. Median follow-up was 50?months. Preoperative HPV testing was positive for high risk types in 77.9?%. All patients underwent LEEP without further ablative procedures. Complete excision of the lesion could be achieved in 84.3?%; in 13.5?% margins were not securely cleared and in 2.2?% the lesion was not excised entirely. Overall complication rate was 5.4?% (mainly postoperative bleeding and pain). Overall concordance of colposcopic biopsy and cone histology was 85.8?%. The concordance rate was higher for CIN 2/3 (95.1?%) compared with CIN 1 (63.2?%). Nine patients (3.4?%) had persistent disease after 3?months, 4 (1.5?%) developed disease recurrence and underwent re-conization. HPV testing at 3–6?months after surgery was negative in 78.5?%; 2 of the patients developing disease recurrence had a persistent HPV infection after surgery.

Conclusions

Assessment of cervical lesions with colposcopic biopsy is an accurate method (concordance with cone histology 85.8?%). Surgical treatment of high grade CIN with LEEP is a safe procedure with low recurrence rates, resulting in a clearance of cervical HPV infection in the majority of cases.     

两种宫颈锥切方法治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ级的临床疗效评价

目的:评价宫颈冷刀锥切术(CKC)和宫颈环行电切除术(LEEP)治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ级(CINⅢ)的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析我院2003年12月至2007年9月宫颈病专科门诊收治的199例CINⅢ患者的临床资料,比较CKC和LEEP两种手术方法治疗CINⅢ的临床疗效.结果:CKC组术中出血量多于LEEP组,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);CKC组手术时间长于LEEP组,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);术后两组病灶的残留率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后病变复发率CKC组低于LEEP组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).CKC组术后高危HPV持续感染率低于LEEP组,两组比较差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:两种方法治疗CINⅢ,LEEP出血少、手术时间短、易于被患者接受,但CKC在减少复发及高危HPV持续感染方面优于LEEP.     

Residual lesions in uterine specimens after loop electrosurgical excision procedure in patients with CIN

Objective

To identify the risk factors for residual lesion in hysterectomy specimens after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

Methods and results

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 594 patients who underwent total hysterectomy after LEEP for CIN at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University between July 2006 and June 2015. Among the 594 patients, there were no residual lesions in uterine specimens of 409 (68.9%) patients; residual CIN1 was found in 24 (4%) patients, CIN2 and CIN3 in 142 (23.9%) patients, and cervical cancer in 19 (3.2%) patients. On univariate analysis age, menopausal status, margin involvement, lesion grade, abnormal endocervical curettage (ECC) result, and persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection post operation were significantly associated with residual lesions after LEEP (P?<?0.05). Multivariate regression analysis using the logistic regression model showed abnormal ECC result and persistent HPV positivity to be independent risk factors for residual lesions after LEEP. LEEP with positive margins and persistent HPV infection were also associated with high risk of invasive cervical cancer in CIN2+ patients.

Conclusions

Abnormal ECC result and post-treatment HPV infection are predictors of residual lesion after LEEP. In combination, they could be useful for risk stratification and selection of the management approach. Postmenopausal CIN2+ patients with positive margins and persistent postoperative HPV infection may have high risk of cervical invasive cancer.

     

Persistence of human papillomavirus as a predictor for treatment failure after loop electrosurgical excision procedure

We aimed to investigate whether postconization human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing can predict treatment failure and improve the accuracy of conventional follow-up in women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Between March 2001 and October 2005, 120 patients with confirmed CIN 2 or 3 were treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and were enrolled. Six patients were lost to the follow-up. Postconization follow-up was performed at every 3-6 months during the first year and then annually. Specimens were tested for the presence of HPV, using the Hybrid Capture 2 (Digene Co, Gaithersburg, MD) and HPV DNA chip (Mygene Co, Seoul, Korea) test. Persistent HPV infection was defined as persistently (two times or more) positive HPV tests with the same HPV subtype(s) at initial diagnosis. Twenty-two (19.3%) patients showed treatment failure after conization. The only significant risk factor for redevelopment of CIN after conization was persistence of the same HPV subtype (P < 0.0001). And women with recurrent or residual CIN had higher HPV load during the 6-month follow-up postconization. In conclusion, the persistence of the same HPV subtype after LEEP conization was an important predictor of treatment failure. The follow-up protocol after conization of CIN should include both cervical cytology and HPV test, and HPV DNA chip test is needed to detect a persistent HPV infection.     

宫颈电圈环切术诊治宫颈上皮内瘤变的临床观察

目的探讨宫颈电圈环切术(LEEP)在诊治宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)中的作用。方法选择304例CIN患者作为研究对象,采用LEEP行宫颈锥切术,比较术前宫颈活检与术后病理结果,术后3个月和6个月复查宫颈薄层液基细胞学检测(LCT)、HPV结果。结果与术前活检结果相比术后病理结果降级占3.6%(11/304),相同占91.1%(277/304),升级占5.3%(16/304),浸润癌1例;切缘阳性率为3.9%(12/304)。LCT随访结果,术后3个月正常者99.3%;术后6个月正常者93.8%。HPV随访结果,术后3个月HPV阴性者占91.7%,术后6个月HPV阴性者占92.7%。结论LEEP是诊断及治疗CIN安全且有效的方法。     

The role of HPV DNA testing in the follow-up of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after loop electrosurgical excision procedure

Objectives  

To assess human papilloma viruses (HPV) DNA test for detection of recurrences in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) patients after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Also effect of LEEP on the clearance of HPV infection was evaluated for CIN 1 lesions.     

116例宫颈上皮内瘤变1级患者非治疗与治疗后的临床转归

目的探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变1（CIN1）患者的非治疗与治疗后的转归。方法收集在天津市大港医院宫颈癌筛查,并经病理证实为CIN1的116例患者,其中63例未治疗仅随访（非治疗组）,53例患者接受治疗（治疗组）,全部病例随访2年。结果第24个月非治疗组与治疗组CIN1自然消退率61.82%,持续存在率34.55%,进展率为5.45%（均为CIN2,未发现宫颈浸润癌）。非治疗组HPV第24个月高危型HPV阳性率14.55%（8/55）,HR-HPV持续阳性6例,3例进展病例均为HR-HPV阳性。治疗组中物理治疗组1年以后复发率4.88%,采用宫颈锥切或宫颈环形电切（LEEP）者均未发现复发,目前所有患者仍在继续随访。结论多数CIN1病变会自然消退,HPV也自然清除,但对于高危型HPV持续阳性的患者应警惕其进展为高度CIN。对怀疑高度病变的患者宜采用宫颈锥切或环切治疗,以免漏诊;物理治疗复发率高,不宜采用。