右美托咪定对老年结直肠癌根治术患者认知功能及S100β水平的临床研究

目的探讨右美托咪定对老年结直肠癌根治术患者认知功能及S100β水平的影响。方法选取2015年1月至2017年1月拟于本院在全身麻醉下实施结直肠癌根治术的老年患者共计60例。年龄60~75岁,ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级。采用计算机随机软件将纳入患者随机分为右美托咪定组(Dexmedetomidine group,D组)和对照组(Control group,C组),每组患者各30例。评估两组患者麻醉前1天(T_0)、术后24小时(T_1)、术后48小时(T_2)MMSE评分。于上述各时点抽取静脉血测定S100β蛋白、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果 D组患者术后24小时MMSE评分显著高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。D组轻度损伤患者共计4例,C组为11例,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。D组患者术后24小时S100β、IL-1β、IL-6水平显著低于C组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论右美托咪定能够抑制老年结直肠癌根治术患者炎症反应,降低S100β水平,改善患者认知功能,值得在临床中推广使用。     

右美托咪定对ARDS机械通气患者炎症因子及肺损伤的影响

目的观察右美托咪定对急性呼吸窘迫综合症(ARDS)机械通气患者炎症因子及肺损伤的影响。方法选择40例ARDS机械通气患者,根据患者使用和未使用右美托咪定,将患者分成右美托咪定组(右美托咪定组,n=20)和对照组(n=20)。前者静脉泵注右美托咪定负荷量1μg/kg 15 min,再以0.2~0.7μg/kg·h速率持续输注48 h;对照组患者静脉泵注丙泊酚3~5 mg/(kg·h)为48 h,两组均复合舒芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/(kg·h)。分别于插管前(T0)、插管后6 h(T1)、12 h(T2)、24 h(T3)、48 h(T4)各时间点抽取静脉血检测IL-6、IL-8、IL-10的浓度,同时记录Pa O2/Fi O2。结果与T0时比较,T1~T4时两组的IL-6、IL-8、IL-10的浓度显著升高(P0.05),D组Pa O2/Fi O2T2~T4时显著增高(P0.05)、C组T1~T4时显著降低(P0.05),HR在T1~T4时D组降低,C组增高(P0.05)。与C组比较,T2~T4时D组IL-6、IL-8显著降低、IL-10显著升高(P0.05);T2~T4时Pa O2/Fi O2升高(P0.05);T1~T4时D组HR降低,T2~T4时MAP升高(P0.05)。结论右美托咪定用于ARDS机械通气治疗患者,可以平衡炎症因子的释放,有利于减轻肺损伤。     

不同剂量右美托咪定预处理对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤炎性反应的影响

目的观察不同剂量右美托咪定预处理对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤炎性反应的影响。方法全脑缺血前2 h,假手术组(S组),对照组(C组)静注生理盐水2mL/h,低剂量右美托咪定预处理组(D1组)、高剂量右美托咪定预处理组(D2组)分别静注右美托咪定每分钟0.05μg/kg和每分钟0.5μg/kg。全脑缺血再灌后30分钟检测血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白细胞介素(IL)-1β变化;测定脑组织含水量;观察海马CA1区神经病理变化。结果与C组比较,D1组、D2组TNF-α、IL-1β水平显著减少(P0.05),D1组、D2组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。D1组、D2组较C组固缩神经元数量及神经元缺失显著减少。结论全脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠,低、高剂量右美托咪定预处理均可产生一定的脑保护作用。     

右美托咪定对老年患者膝关节置换术后认知功能的影响

目的:观察右美托咪定对老年患者膝关节置换术后认知功能的影响。方法:94例ASA II~III级行单侧膝关节置换术的老年患者随机分为2组,右美托咪定组(A组)和生理盐水组(B组),每组47例。分别记录两组患者术前(T1)、术后24 h(T2)、术后3 d(T3)、术后7 d(T4)4个时间点的MMSE评分、IL-6和CRP数值。记录各组手术时间、术中术后严重不良反应和术中用药情况等。结果:A组患者在T2、T3时IL-6为(114.49±3.58)pg/m L、(204.75±8.19)pg/m L,CRP为(9.66±1.10)mg/L、(14.59±3.75)mg/L;B组患者在T2、T3时IL-6为(122.37±5.15)pg/m L、(224.79±10.04)pg/m L,CRP为(10.90±0.78)mg/L、(19.16±4.19)mg/L,A组两指标值低于B组(P0.05)。A组患者MMSE评分在T2、T3时分别为26.43±0.50、27.28±0.54,显著高于B组(分别为25.87±0.45、26.68±0.59,P0.05)。A组患者T2、T3时术后认知功能障碍(POCD)发生率分别为6.38%、4.26%,均低于B组患者(分别为21.28%、17.02%,P0.05)。结论:右美托咪定可改善老年患者膝关节置换术后的认知功能,有效降低POCD发生率。     

右美托咪定对食管癌根治术单肺通气患者肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6的影响

目的 观察右美托咪定对食管癌根治术单肺通气患者血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白细胞介素(IL)-6水平的影响.方法 60例拟行食管癌根治术的患者,随机分为D1组、D2组和C组,每组20例.D1组麻醉诱导前0.6μg/kg静脉泵注右美托咪定;D2组麻醉诱导后以0.3μg/(kg·h)静脉泵注右美托咪定;C组为对照组.分别测定麻醉诱导前20 min(T0),气管插管后10 min(T1),单肺通气30 min(T2),单肺通气90 min(T3)及再次双肺通气后10 min(T4)5个时间点血浆中TNF-α和IL-6浓度.结果 3组患者血浆TNF-α水平在T3、T4时点较T0高(P ＜0.05);D1组和D2组在T3(10.5±2.5,11.1 ±2.6)、T4(11.2±2.4,11.8±2.7)时点较C组增高(P＜0.05).3组患者血浆IL-6水平在T4时点较T0高(P ＜0.05);D1组和D2组在T4时点(23.2±3.3,23.9±3.2)较C组增高(P＜0.05).结论 术前静脉泵注0.6 μg/kg及术中持续以0.3μg,/(kg·h)静脉泵注右美托咪定均能抑制食管癌根治术单肺通气患者血浆中TNF-α和IL-6水平升高.     

右美托咪定对老年患者全髋关节置换术后早期认知功能的影响

目的 观察右美托咪定对老年患者全髋关节置换术后早期认知功能的影响.方法 择期行全髋关节置换术患者60例,年龄65～80岁,随机均分为两组,术中分别持续泵注右美托咪定(D组)或等量生理盐水(N组).两组均采用腰-硬联合麻醉.分别于术前1天和术后第7天对患者进行神经精神功能测试.结果 术后第7天D组术后认知功能障碍(POCD)发生率明显低于N组(20％ vs.50％,P＜0.05).结论 右美托咪定可能降低老年患者全髋关节置换术后POCD的发生率.     

右美托咪定对子宫次全切除术患者应激反应的影响

目的观察右美托咪定对腰-硬联合麻醉下子宫次全切除术患者应激反应的影响。方法选择拟行腰-硬联合麻醉子宫次全切除术患者90例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机均分为三组。手术开始前15min,A组静注咪达唑仑0.03mg/kg,B组恒速输注右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,C组恒速输注右美托咪定1.0μg/kg。记录术中MAP和HR的变化,并抽取颈内静脉血测血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)、皮质醇(Cor)和白细胞介素(IL)-6浓度。结果与切皮前15min比较,切皮时C组MAP明显降低(P<0.05),手术结束时A组MAP显著升高,HR明显增快(P<0.05)。各时点B组MAP和HR变化差异无统计学意义。与切皮前30min比较,切皮后30min和手术结束时A组NE、Cor和IL-6均显著升高(P<0.05),而B组和C组无明显变化。结论右美托咪定0.5或1.0μg/kg均可降低腰-硬联合麻醉下子宫次全切除术患者的应激反应,但临床应用中需注意右美托咪定1.0μg/kg可能导致的血压下降。     

不同浓度右美托咪定对大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞BKCa通道的影响

目的 评价不同浓度右美托咪定对大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑细胞大电导钙激活钾通道(BKCa)的影响.方法 SD大鼠,雌雄不拘,体重180～220 g,经两步法酶消化分离肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞.选取10个肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞,采用单通道内面向外式膜片钳技术进行记录,钳制电压为40 mV,游离钙离子浓度为10-7 mol/L,采用浓度累积法加入右美托咪定,分别于0(基础值)、10-9、10-8、10-7、10-6、10-5 mol/L右美托咪定时记录BKCa开放概率(NPo)、电流幅度(Am)、平均开放时间(To)和平均关闭时间(Tc).结果 与基础值比较,10-7、10-6、10-5 mol/L右美托咪定时NPo升高,且呈浓度依赖性,10-9、10-8、10-7、10-6、10-5 mol/L右美托咪定时Tc缩短(P＜0.05或0.01)；与10-9mol/L右美托咪定比较,10-8mol/L右美托咪定时Tc缩短(P＜0.05),不同浓度右美托咪定时Am和To 差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 10-7、10-6、10-5 mol/L右美托咪定可呈浓度依赖性地激活大鼠肠系膜动脉平滑肌细胞BKCa通道,是其降压作用的机制之一.     

不同剂量右美托咪定对妇科腹腔镜手术围术期炎症因子的影响

目的探讨不同剂量右美托咪定对妇科腹腔镜手术围术期炎症因子的影响。方法选择2012年1月至2013年12月择期妇科腹腔镜手术患者90例,按照随机数字表法将其分为高剂量右美托咪定组(D1组)、低剂量右美托咪定组(D2组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。D1组和D2组分别于麻醉诱导后持续静脉输注右美托咪定0.5和0.2μg·kg-1·h-1,C组则以等容量生理盐水代替。记录麻醉诱导前10 min(T1)、气管插管后1 min(T2)、气腹后1 min(T3)、术毕(T4)的MAP和HR,并检测血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10水平。结果与T1时比较,T2~T4时D2组和C组MAP明显升高,D1组HR明显减慢,T2、T3时C组HR明显增快(P0.05)。与C组比较,T2~T4时D1组和D2组MAP明显降低,HR明显减慢(P0.05)。与T1时比较,T2~T4时三组TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10水平明显升高(P0.05)。与C组比较,T2~T4时D1组和D2组TNF-α和IL-6水平明显降低,但D1组IL-10水平明显升高,T2、T3时D2组IL-10水平明显降低(P0.05)。结论持续输注右美托咪定可减轻妇科腹腔镜手术围术期炎症反应,且0.5μg·kg-1·h-1较0.2μg·kg-1·h-1更为明显。     

右美托咪定对前列腺癌患者术后认知功能及血清神经功能指标的影响

目的:研究右美托咪定对前列腺癌患者术后认知功能及血清神经功能指标的影响。方法:选取2016年4月～2018年3月我院收治的80例行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术患者,根据是否应用右美托咪定随机分为右美托咪定组和对照组,每组40例。比较两组患者术前1 d、术后1 d、术后3 d的简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分及血清神经功能指标情况。结果:两组患者术后1、3 d的MMSE评分均低于术前,右美托咪定组术后1、3 d的MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者术后1、3 d的人神经特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平较术前显著升高(P0.05),人胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)较术前显著降低,其中右美托咪定组NSE升高幅度显著小于对照组(P0.05),IGF-1、TGF-β1降低幅度显著小于对照组(P0.05)。结论:在前列腺癌患者术中应用右美托咪定能有效改善患者认知功能,对患者的脑组织有很好的保护作用。     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.