钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折

目的:观察钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折的临床疗效.方法:对52例下颌骨骨折的患者进行切开复位、小型钛板坚固内固定手术,术后X线片检查和临床咬合关系的检查.结果:52例患者手术伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,骨折完全愈合,咬合关系均恢复到伤前的状况.结论:钛板内固定具有良好的稳定性,加速了骨段间的愈合速度,减少了颌间栓结时间,早期恢复张口运动,便于患者营养的摄取,利于患者术后功能的恢复.     

颌后入路治疗髁突颈部骨折

目的:探讨颌后入路治疗下颌骨髁突颈骨折的治疗方法及效果。方法:对23例单侧成人下颌骨中低位髁突颈骨折患者,经颌后入路,术中保护腮腺及面神经,行切开解剖复位坚强内固定术。结果:23例患者均取得良好解剖复位,无1例出现涎瘘,无1例出现面神经麻痹,咬合关系恢复良好,通过早期锻炼张口,均能恢复术前张口度,无关节强直出现。结论:颌后入路治疗下颌骨中低位髁突颈骨折,有术野暴露充分、操作方便、有效保护面神经及腮腺等优点。     

颌骨骨折伴颅脑损伤适时复位固定的临床探讨

目的对颌颅联合伤伴颌骨骨折患者选择合适时间进行微型钛板内固定治疗骨折的探讨。方法对47例颌骨骨折合并有颅脑损伤的患者(上颌骨35例;上下颌骨复合骨折12例)根据病情择时进行微型钛板颌骨内坚固内固定术。结果仅1例术后颅内感染(后经及时控制治愈),其余均Ⅰ期愈合,1例4个月后钛板暴露,取出。患者的咬合关系,张口度均恢复良好。47例患者未出现特殊情况,痊愈出院。结论颌骨骨折伴颅脑损伤患者,应以抢救生命为主,延期颌骨复位固定处理。     

微型钛板坚强内固定治疗下颌骨骨折38例临床观察

目的：观察微型钛板坚强内固定治疗F颌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法：对38例下颌骨骨折的患者行切开复位,微型钛板坚强内固定术,辅以1周颌间弹性牵引,术后X线片检查和临床咬合关系及张口度检查。结果：38例患者手术切口均I期愈合,咬合关系均恢复到伤前的状况,术后张口度≥37min,X线片复查显示骨折愈合良好。结论：微型钛板坚强内固定具有良好的稳定性,术后辅以1周颌间弹性牵引能恢复正常的咬合关系,手术方法简单,治疗效果满意,是目前治疗下颌骨骨折的较好方法。     

下颌骨骨折钛板坚固内固定120例临床总结

目的:探讨和总结下颌骨骨折的治疗方法和经验方法:对我科收治的120例下颌骨骨折采用钛板坚固内固定术,术后1、3、6个月随访,检查颌面部形态、咬合关系、面神经功能、骨折对位及愈合情况结果:120例下颌骨骨折术后面部形态良好,咬合关系恢复至伤前状态5例感染,10例面神经暂时性损伤,2例咬合干扰结论:钛板坚固内固定术疗效可靠.操作简便.是目前治疗下颌骨骨折的较好方法     

牵引成骨术联合正畸治疗重度小颌畸形1例

目的探讨应用下颌骨牵引成骨术联合正畸治疗重度小颌畸形患者下颌骨严重发育不足及咬合关系紊乱的疗效。方法对1例继发于颞下颌关节强直的重度小颌畸形的成人患者,经多学科会诊,确定采用自体肋软骨移植重建右侧下颌髁突,同期行双侧下颌骨牵引成骨术,并联合术后正畸治疗。结果患者经外科和正畸联合治疗后,面形及咬合功能均获得较满意的效果。结论下颌骨牵引成骨术联合正畸治疗成人重度小颌畸形可以获得较为满意的效果。     

单颌钢丝结扎加小型钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折

目的 总结应用单颌钢丝结扎加小型钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折的临床效果。方法 对下颌骨单发或多发骨折先用钢丝进行单颌结扎，使骨折段复位并力求恢复正常咬合关系。然后用小型钛板进行骨折段的坚固内固定。结果 32例下颌骨骨折应用该技术均获得了较好的疗效。恢复了正常的咬合功能。结论 应用该项技术，避免了凳间结扎对病人造成的进食困难。可以早期进行张口锻炼，从而对颞颌关节的功能影响较小。下颌骨体部及下颌正中部的骨折可从口内黏膜切口，可消除患者对颌下切口形成的瘢痕及面神经损伤造成的顾虑。     

预成钛网联合自体髂骨及松质骨游离移植二期修复单侧下颌骨缺损

目的 探讨已形成下颌偏斜、咬合错乱的单侧下颌骨缺损二期修复的有效方法.方法 对单侧下颌骨部分切除造成下颌偏斜和咬合错乱的9例患者行术前CT扫描,计算机辅助设计与制作(CAD/CAM)快速原型技术重建颅颌面骨三维数字模型,并以健侧下颌骨为模板,镜像形成缺损侧下颌骨.激光树脂成型机打印下颌骨实体模型,在实体模型上按缺损范围设计钛网,使预成钛网与缺损下颌骨外形一致.数控成型机制备钛网,切取髂骨及其松质骨,联合预成钛网植入完成下颌骨缺损二期修复.结果 预成钛网联合9例髂骨松质骨移植均获成功,创口愈合良好,下颌骨外形恢复满意,颜面偏斜得到有效矫正,咬合关系恢复正常.结论 术前应用CAD/CAM快速原型技术制备预成钛网、联合自体松质骨游离移植二期修复单侧下颌骨缺损,不仅可以缩短手术时间,还能最大限度地重建下颌骨解剖外形、恢复患者颜面外观和咬合功能.     

功能板影响错伴特发性髁突吸收正颌术后稳定性的初步研究

目的:探讨特发性髁突吸收（idiopathic condylar resorption, ICR）患者在关节功能板治疗结合正颌-正畸联合治疗后下颌骨及髁突位置的改变,为后期研究提供依据。方法:回顾分析2008—2012年收治的13例特发性髁突吸收患者的临床数据,所有患者均在正颌手术前接受关节功能板治疗7.5±1.5个月。对患者正颌术前(T0)、正颌术后即刻(T1)、正颌术后至少12个月(T2)的咬合、头颅侧位片、MRI检查结果进行测量,采用SPSS 22.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析,评价正颌术后髁突和下颌骨的位置变化。结果:正颌手术(T1)纠正了所有患者的骨性Ⅱ类错畸形,建立了正常的咬合关系、前伸运动及侧方斜导运动。正颌手术平均下颌骨前移量(Y Axis-B, T1-T0)为（5.05±3.54）mm。与T1相比,T2时颞下颌关节间隙参数无显著改变。下颌骨位置参数中, 仅Y轴到B点的距离（Y轴-B）在T2与T1间存在统计学差异,其改变量平均值为（-1.64±2.48）mm,其余参数均无显著差异。13例患者中,11例患者Y轴-B 改变值<2 mm（84.6%）,仅 2例患者出现>2 mm的后退（15.4%）。结论:关节功能板治疗可增加ICR患者正颌手术的稳定性,可能是关节功能板保守治疗能够稳定ICR患者髁突在关节窝内的位置。     

口内途径坚强内固定术治疗下颌骨骨折29例报告

目的 :评价口内途径坚强内固定术及术中暂时性小环结扎治疗下颌骨骨折的效果。方法 :对 2 9例 47处下颌骨体部骨折先作两侧磨牙区和切牙区三点式颌间小环结扎 ,骨折线两侧作牙间结扎 ,初步恢复下颌骨的弓形和咬合关系后 ,自下颌前庭沟作切口 ,显露骨折处并复位后进行小型钛板坚强内固定术。术毕拆除颌间结扎 ,恢复下颌运动。分别于术后第 1d和 90d进行临床和X线检查 ,评价其咬合关系、骨折复位及愈合情况。结果 :2 9例47处下颌骨体部骨折均获得良好的复位和骨性愈合 ,咬合关系良好 ,无并发症。结论 :口内途径小型钛板坚强内固定术可对下颌骨体部骨折进行良好的固定 ,获得满意的咬合关系。     

Diagnosis and management of hemangiomas and vascular malformations of the head and neck

Oral Diseases (2010) 16 , 405–418 Vascular anomalies are congenital errors in vascular development. They frequently involve the head, neck, and oral cavity. Subdivided into vascular tumors (hemangiomas) and vascular malformations, vascular anomalies remain poorly understood. However, growing interest and recent advances in the diagnosis, management, and molecular characterization of these lesions are improving treatment strategies. The role of the multidisciplinary team cannot be overstated. This review provides both basic and up‐to‐date knowledge on the most common vascular anomalies encountered by physicians and practitioners. Because treatment options for vascular anomalies are widely variable and often debated, this report aims to provide a comprehensive approach to these lesions based upon current concepts and practical clinical experience.     

口腔颌面-头颈部胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤临床诊治探讨

目的:探讨头颈部胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤的临床特点、诊断、治疗及预后.方法:回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院2000-09--2010-10收治的12例头颈部胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤患者的临床资料.结果:12例患者中9例获得随访.5例术前化疗患者中3例短期疗效达到PR,1例达到MR,化疗有效率达到60%;8例患者行手术治疗...     

Assessment and comparison of phagocytic function and viability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in saliva of smokers and non-smokers

OBJECTIVES

Tobacco use is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. It is also linked to impairment of normal immunologic surveillance and defence mechanism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Tobacco smoke and its components have been seen to affect the phagocytic ability and viability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes suggesting the pathogenesis of tobacco induced oral diseases. Aim of this study was to assess and compare the phagocytic function and viability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in saliva of smokers and non smokers.

DESIGN

The study comprised of 35 smokers and 35 non-smokers, age matched. Saliva was collected by rinsing method and the polymorphonuclear leukocytes were separated. Phagocytic activity was determined by using latex spheres as targets. Cell viability was measured using trypan blue stain.

RESULTS

Salivary polymorphonuclear leukocytes in smokers showed significant reduction in the phagocytic activity by ingesting few latex spheres when compared to the non-smokers. The viability of these cells in saliva of smokers was significantly reduced.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study revealed reduced phagocytic activity and viability of salivary polymorphonuclear leukocytes in smokers compared to non-smokers. These findings indicate that smokers are more prone to gingival, periodontal and other oral diseases. Thus indicating that the health care professionals should encourage smoking cessation as an aid in preventing oral diseases.     

Comparison of antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of glutaraldehyde and formocresol

The in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic concentrations of glutaraldehyde and formocresol were determined. Minimal antimicrobial concentrations of these two agents against selected microbial flora reported in carious primary teeth were 3.125% for glutaraldehyde and 0.75% for formocresol. At a doubling of these concentrations, most organisms, except Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus mutans, were killed by both substances in 30 seconds. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on tissue cultures of pulp fibroblasts and HeLa cells at minimal cidal concentrations and at 10- and 100-fold dilutions. Exposure of pulp fibroblasts and HeLa cells to formocresol and indirect exposure to vapors caused the cells to become atrophic and to form a less dense tissue pattern. Cells directly exposed to glutaraldehyde retained their normal cell shape and tissue pattern, whereas cells indirectly exposed to vapors continued to proliferate. These data showed effective antimicrobial activity at concentrations of 3.125% glutaraldehyde and 0.75% formocresol and suggested that glutaraldehyde may exert a less cytotoxic effect on the immediate and surrounding tissues when used as a pulpotomy agent.     

Comparison of etidocaine and lidocaine for control of intra- and post-operative bleeding and pain

Etidocaine hydrochloride, an amide-type of local anesthetic with prolonged duration of action, was evaluated and compared with the standard local anesthetic lidocaine to determine its efficacy of action and its effect on bleeding during and following the removal of impacted mandibular third molar teeth. The findings indicate that 1.5% etidocaine hydrochloride with 1:200,000 epinephrine, in comparison with 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, produces anesthesia comparable to that obtained with lidocaine but results in greater measured intraoperative blood loss.