广西恭城县瑶族和汉族居民G-6-PD缺乏症发病率及基因频率的调查

目的研究广西恭城县瑶族和汉族居民的G-6-PD缺乏症发病率及基因频率。方法使用G-6-PD试纸法初筛，四氮唑蓝定量法测定确认的方法调查对2050名（男1126，女1124）瑶族和874名（男481，女393）汉族初中学生进行G-6-PD缺乏症的调查。结果瑶族男缺乏率5．75％（显著缺乏4．87％，中度缺乏0．97％），瑶族女性缺乏率1．95％（显著0．59％，中度1．36％）。瑶族男女合并总缺乏率为3．85％；瑶族男性基因频率为：0．057，瑶族女性杂合子的估计值为10．84％：汉族男性缺乏率7.06％（显著缺乏6．03％，中度缺乏1．04％），汉族女性缺乏率3．56％（显著0．76％，中度2.80％），汉族男女合并总缺乏率为5．49％；汉族男性基因频率为0．0706，汉族女性杂合子的估计值为13．12％；全县瑶族和汉族合并缺乏率为4．34％。结论恭城县G-6-PD缺乏发病率，瑶族比汉族的稍低，但民族间的差异比地域间的差异相对要小。     

运用PCR-DGGE技术检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏的初步研究

目的：运用多聚酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）技术检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）缺乏患者及基因携带者基因变异,探讨其对该病的诊断和研究价值。方法：提取G-6-PD缺乏症患者及其家系（患者父亲和/或母亲等）的外周血RNA,逆转录合成cDNA后,选取第11至12外显子部分cDNA片段进行PCR-DGGE,观察其电泳行为,将电泳行为异常的标本进行基因测序,最后做出基因诊断。结果:：36个家系中33个家系发现G-6-PD基因在1304至1520片段出现PCR-DGGE多种异常电泳区带。9例母亲G-6-PD/6-PGD比值低于1.00,其中3例比值低于0.50,而且PCR-DGGE电泳行为一致,基因测序发现为双重杂合子;比值正常的G-6-PD缺乏基因携带者母亲均为单杂合子。该片段基因测序发现3个突变位点分别为：C1311T,G1376T,G1388A。各基因突变的位点有其特殊的电泳行为。结论：PCR-DGGE技术是一种敏感性高、可靠性强的筛查基因突变的方法。在临床研究G-6-PD缺乏,特别是常规诊断技术不能发现的女性G-6-PD缺乏基因携带者的检测中具有很强的应用价值。［中国当代儿科杂志,2007,9（6）：529-532］     

葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症患儿G-6-PDmRNA表达的研究

目的：检测葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症患者及其家系成员的G-6-PDmRNA表达水平,从转录水平探讨其可能的发病机制。方法：提取G-6-PD缺乏症患者及其直系家属(患者父亲和/或母亲等)外周血RNA,采用逆转录方法形成cDNA后,运用逆转录实时定量PCR(QuantitativeReal-TimePCR,QRT-PCR)技术,测定G-6-PDmRNA的表达量。使用SPSS10.0统计分析软件将3组进行组间两两比较。结果：G-6-PD缺乏症患儿组mRNA表达量为0.57±0.19,父系组为0.74±0.21,母系组为0.67±0.21,患儿组与父系组比较t=-3.18,(P<0.01);与母系组比较t=-2.54,(P<0.05)。结论：G-6-PD缺乏症患者的G-6-PD基因发生突变后其G-6-PDmRNA表达量发生了改变,提示该病的发生与在转录水平上发生变化有关,在G-6-PD缺乏症的发病过程中起到一定的作用。     

中国小儿血液2005年第10卷索引

流调研究广西恭城县瑶族和汉族居民G-6-PD缺乏症发病率及其基因频率的调查……………………………黄寿星等(3):117汉中市儿童、孕妇铁缺乏症流行病学调查研究分析……………………………………………………安秀琴等(4):153泉州市6月~7岁儿童贫血与佝偻病关系分析…………………………………………………………蔡丽如等(5):202实验研究儿童急性白血病淋巴细胞变化与化疗和感染相关性探讨………………………………………………陆正华等(1):18特发性血小板减少性紫癜实验室特点与临床意义………………………………………………………邱慧英等…     

广西恭城瑶族自治县2004例瑶、汉族新生儿α-地中海贫血调查

目的采用新生儿脐血血红蛋白Bart含量测定,分析广西恭城瑶族自治县瑶族和汉族新生儿α地中海贫血的发生率。方法采用常规血红蛋白电泳Bart定量测定2004例新生儿脐血,根据国内现行诊断标准情况进行比较分析。结果瑶族、汉族新生儿地中海贫血检出率分别为9·71%和7·72%,两者比较其差异有统计学意义(P<0·05)。瑶族与汉族男、女性新生儿α地中海贫血检出率的比较均无统计学意义(P>0·05);而瑶族男、女新生儿α地中海贫血检出率分别高于同期检测的汉族男、女性新生儿(P<0·05)。在检出四个类型的α地中海贫血中,以α1地中海贫血检出率最高,占6·69%,且瑶族新生儿α1地中海贫血检出率高于汉族新生儿(分别为7·39%和4·97%,P<0·05)。结论瑶族新生儿α地中海贫血发生率高于汉族新生儿;瑶族男、女新生儿α地中海贫血发生率均分别高于汉族男、女新生儿;在检出的α地中海贫血四个类型中,以α1地中海贫血发生率最高,且瑶族新生儿α1地中海贫血发生率高于汉族新生儿。     

广东地区新生儿红细胞6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶缺乏的调查

红细胞6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏是一种遗传性缺陷的红细胞酶病,是新生婴儿遗传性溶血性贫血的最常见原因。已有许多调查表明,广东为红细胞G-6-PD缺乏的高发地区,其人群G-6-PD缺乏的发生率为8.65％。但国内过去均采用高铁血红蛋白(MetHb)还原试验难予正确反映红细胞G-6-PD真正活性。已有发现某些G-6-PD活性正常的其他疾病患者,其MetHb还原率减低显示假阳性。因此推测以往检出的G-6-PD缺乏者中,有否包括了假阳性。为了弄清广东地区红细胞G-6-PD缺乏的真实发生率及基因频率,我们采用了Chapman-Dern紫外分光光度法直接测定G-6-PD活性,以提供广东地区红细胞     

遗传因素在广西新生儿高胆红素血症中的作用

目的探讨UGT1A1 G71R突变、OATP2A388G突变和G-6-PD缺乏对在广西新生儿高胆红素血症发病的作用。方法用四氮唑蓝定量法（NBT法）测定G-6-PD酶活性。聚合酶链反应-等位基因特异性寡核苷酸探针点杂交（PCR-ASO）法确定G71R基因型。限制性片段长度多态性分析（RFLP）检测A388G基因型。测定109例新生儿脐血的G-6-PD活性及G71R基因型,其中101例同时检测了A388G基因型。据G-6-PD活性及G71R或A388G基因型分组,分析UGT1A1G71R突变、OATP2A388G突变和G-6-PD缺乏与足月新生儿高胆红素血症之间关系。结果G71R等位基因频率在G-6-PD缺乏组为22．03％,在G-6-PD正常组为28．00％。G-6-PD缺乏共存有G71R突变纯合子或杂合子的新生儿高胆红素血症发生率（95．50％）高于G-6-PD正常且G71R为野生型的新生儿（53．90％）,x^2=10．45,P=0．0012,前者发生高胆红素血症的机会比（95％可信区间）[OR（95％CI）]为18．00（2．12,152．9）。A388G等位基因频率在G-6-PD缺乏组为20．O％,在G-6-PD正常组为18．5％。G-6-PD缺乏共存有A388G突变新生儿的高胆红素血症发生率（90．0％）高于G-6-PD正常且A388G为野生型的新生）L（44．80％）,X2=10．39,P=0．0013,前者发生高胆红素血症的伽（95％CT）为11．08（2．15,56．48）。结论G71R突变与G-6-PD缺乏共存或A388G突变与G-6-PD缺乏共存对广西足月新生儿高胆红素血症的发生有协同作用。     

蚕豆病患儿父、母、子红细胞葡萄糖—6—磷酸脱氢酶活性测定的临床研究

了解蚕豆病患儿急性溶血期红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）活性变化及父、母、子同时检测G-6-PD活性对该病诊断及家系调查的意义；方法对急性溶血期蚕豆病患儿及其父母用酶学动力法测定红细胞G-6-PD活性。结果157例急性溶血期患儿G-6-PD活性低于正常143例，占91.08%（男135，女8），其中轻度减低42例、中度降低96例，重度降低5例，14例患儿急性溶血期G-6-PD活性检测结果正常，占8.92%，他们父母酶活性检测，12例母（12/14）、5例父（5/14）、3例父母（3/14）酶活性下降；157例母亲中129例G-6-PD活性下降（82.16%），其中143例男性患儿母亲中118例活性下降（82.52%）；157例父亲中53例活性下降（27.38%）；G-6-PD活性子、父、母均降低32例（20.38%），子、母降低父正常85例（54.14%）、子、父降低母正常10例（6.37%），子降低父、母正常16例（10.19%）。14例女性患儿中，父母酶活性均降低2例，为纯合子发病，2例父酶降低母酶正常，为父源性杂合子，其余10例为母源性杂合子起病。结论父母子同时检测红细胞G-6-PD活性有助于蚕豆病患儿特别对急性溶血期红细胞G-6-PD活性正常患儿的明确诊断，家系调查有助于推测患儿G-6-PD缺陷基因的遗传方式。     

急性溶血性贫血患儿人类骨髓端粒酶催化亚单位的表达

目的 探讨急性溶血性贫血患儿人类骨髓端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT)的表达及其与外周静脉血Hb水平的关系.方法 急性溶血性贫血患儿15例.男13例,女2例;年龄5.5～11.0岁.其中葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PD)缺乏症患儿10例;药物诱导性溶血性贫血患儿5例.选择同期本院血液/肿瘤科病房确诊为上呼吸道感染所致的粒细胞减少症、骨髓检查正常患儿10例为对照组;4株K562细胞为阳性对照.采集G-6-PD缺乏症、药物诱导性溶血性贫血和粒细胞减少症患儿外周静脉血,全自动血液分析仪XE2100检测各组患儿外周静脉血Hb水平,采用Zinkham法检测G-6-PD缺乏症和对照组患儿血G-6-PD活性,分析二组患儿血G-6-PD活性的差别.采集急性溶血性贫血组和对照组患儿胸骨骨髓,采用半定量反转录-聚合酶链反应检测其骨髓和阳性对照K562细胞株的hTERT的相对表达水平,比较急性溶血性贫血组与对照组患儿、阳性对照K562细胞株hTERT相对表达水平的差异.常规检测急性溶血性贫血患儿外周血Hb水平.采用Pearson直线相关分析急性溶血性贫血患儿骨髓hTERT表达水平与外周血Hb水平的关系.结果 与对照组比较,G-6-PD缺乏症患儿血G-6-PD活性明显下降(t=8.373 P=0).急性溶血性贫血患儿骨髓hTERT相对表达水平显著高于对照组患儿(t=6.052 P=0),但明显低于K562细胞株(t=9.893 P=0).急性溶血性贫血患儿骨髓hTERT表达水平与其外周血Hb水平呈负相关(r=-0.888 P=0).结论 急性溶血性贫血患儿急性溶血时,低水平Hb可在一定范围内上调骨髓hTERT表达水平.     

广西南宁地区G6PD基因突变与新生儿黄疸的关系

目的：分析本地区最常见的三种基因突变型G1388A、G1376T和A95G与葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）活性之间的相关性,并探讨G-6-PD基因突变对新生儿黄疸的影响。方法：124例广西南宁的高胆红素血症新生儿为研究对象。应用突变特异性扩增系统法检测G-6-PD基因突变,应用硝基四氮唑蓝（NBT）定量法检测G-6-PD活性。比较G-6-PD不同基因突变型之间以及与正常组之间胆红素脑病发生率、出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值组间的差异。采用非条件logistic回归分析血清胆红素值>340 μmol/L的危险度。结果：124例中有37例G-6-PD 基因突变（G1388A 20例,G1376T 14例,A95G 4例,1例同时存在G1388A与A95G突变）。20例G1388A突变者中5例（25%）G-6-PD酶活性正常,14例G1376T突变者中4例（29%）G-6-PD酶活性正常,4例A95G突变者G-6-PD 酶活性均缺乏。G1388A与G1376T组胆红素脑病发生率及出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值差异无显著性。G-6-PD 突变组出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值、胆红素脑病发生率及血清胆红素>340 μmol/L的危险度与G-6-PD正常组相比,差异无显著性。结论：广西南宁地区G-6-PD突变仍常见G1388A、G1376T和A95G基因型。NBT法诊断G-6-PD缺乏存在假阴性。不同基因型对出生72 h后血清胆红素峰值、胆红素脑病发生率的影响无差异。单独的G-6-PD基因突变对生后72 h血清胆红素峰值、急性胆红素脑病发生率及血清胆红素大于340 μmol/L危险性均无影响。［中国当代儿科杂志,2009,11（12）：970-972］     

Neonatal screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: sex distribution.

Eight hundred and six newborn infants at high risk for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency were screened; 30.2% of the boys and 10.4% of the girls had severe G-6-PD deficiency. Surprisingly, 14% of the enzyme deficient girls had a father from a low risk ethnic group. Girls of high risk mothers should be screened for G-6-PD deficiency regardless of paternal origin.     

Drug-induced haemolysis and renal failure in children with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Afghanistan.

Twenty children (18 boys and 2 girls) with a proven or presumptive diagnosis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency developed intravascular haemolysis following administration of antimalarials in 9, chloroquine and chloramphenicol in 1, chloroquine, chloramphenicol and aspirin in 1, chloramphenicol and aspirin in 3, and aspirin alone in 4. Eleven of these children developed acute renal insufficiency. All were managed with supportive care, including blood transfusion, forced diuresis and peritoneal dialysis wherever indicated. Only 16 children recovered completely. The occurrence of G-6-PD deficiency is being reported for the first time in Afghanistan.     

不同G-6-PD活性新生儿光疗致溶血机制及其预防

目的探讨不同G6PD活性新生儿光疗溶血机制及预防。方法将G6PD正常与缺陷光疗患儿随机分为维生素E干预组和对照组,测定比较超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)、总胆红素(TB)、血红蛋白(Hb)及光疗指数。结果光疗前G6PD缺陷组比正常组SOD和Hb低,ROS高;光疗中G6PD缺陷干预组比正常干预组SOD高,MDA低,光疗指数小,G6PD缺陷对照组比正常对照组ROS、MDA高,光疗指数大(各组比较均P<0.01或P<0.05)。光疗后G6PD缺陷对照组Hb下降,并比干预组低,G6PD正常两组Hb均下降,干预组比对照组高(各组比较均P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论光疗可致抗氧化能力下降,脂质过氧化损伤致G6PD缺陷光疗者溶血更突出,维生素E干预更有效。     

Neonatal screening for Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Objective : This study was carried out to detect the incidence of erythrocytic Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, to compare the incidence of hyperbilirubinernia in G-6-PD deficient neonates as compared to G-6-PD normal neonates and to asses the usefulness of neonatal screening for G-6-PD deficiency.Method : In a retrospective hospital based study 2,479 male and female neonates consecutively born at Indraprastha Apollo hospital between July 1998 to June 2003 who were screened for G-6-PD levels were evaluated for the incidence of G-6-PD deficiency.Results : Incidence of G-6-PD deficiency was found to be 2.0%. Incidence in males was 283% and femle was 1.05%. The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia was found to be 32% in G-6-PD deficient neonates which was significantly higher than the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates with normal G-6-PD, which was 12.3% (P<0.001).Conclusion : Our data suggests that neonatal screening for G-6-PD deficiency is a useful test for preventing and early treatment of complications associated with it.     

Cord blood G-6-PD activity by quantitative enzyme assay and fluorescent spot test in Chinese neonates

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency is a common X-linked recessive disorder among the Chinese population. Neonatal screening for this condition is important and with necessary precaution, enzyme deficient infants are less likely to develop severe haemolysis and subsequent kernicterus. Screening of G-6-PD deficiency by fluorescent spot test on cord blood samples of 1228 Chinese neonates revealed an incidence of 4.4% in males and 0.35% in females. Simultaneous direct enzyme assay confirmed the sensitivity and specificity of the spot test in the identification of male hemizygotes and female homozygotes. However, the spot test was unsatisfactory in detecting heterozygotes. Even quantitative enzyme assay could detect only 70% of the partially deficient subjects.     

Cord blood G-6-PD activity by quantitative enzyme assay and fluorescent spot test in Chinese neonates

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency is a common X-linked recessive disorder among the Chinese population. Neonatal screening for this condition is important and with necessary precaution, enzyme deficient infants are less likely to develop severe haemolysis and subsequent kernicterus. Screening of G-6-PD deficiency by fluorescent spot test on cord blood samples of 1228 Chinese neonates revealed an incidence of 4.4% in males and 0.35% in females. Simultaneous direct enzyme assay confirmed the sensitivity and specificity of the spot test in the identification of male hemizygotes and female homozygotes. However, the spot test was unsatisfactory in detecting heterozygotes. Even quantitative enzyme assay could detect only 70% of the partially deficient subjects.     

Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase status of newborns and adults in eastern Libya

One hundred and twenty cord and 320 venous blood samples were collected from Libyan newborns and adults respectively for the estimation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) activity by a screening technique and by quantitative estimation. The mean (S.D.) enzyme activity in the non-deficient neonates and adults was 1.13 (0.23) and 0.87 (0.21) IU/ml RBC/min respectively. The incidence of G-6-PD deficiency in the male population was 2.8%. The enzyme activity in the deficient male population ranged from 0-19.5%; none of them was symptomatic or had haematological abnormality. Of the female subjects 1.8% had enzyme activity of 50-65%. The frequency of enzyme deficiency appears to be low compared with that found in other Arab populations and is comparable with the incidence in other mediterranean countries.