没食子酸乙酯对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭能力的影响及其机制

研究狼毒大戟中没食子酸乙酯(ethyl gallate,EG)对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭能力的影响,并对其作用机制进行探讨。采用细胞与Matrigel黏附实验,Transwell小室检测EG对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞黏附、侵袭和运动能力的影响。RT-PCR检测EG对MMP-2、MMP-9的m RNA表达的影响;Western blot法检测EG对Akt-NF-κB信号转导通路蛋白表达的变化。结果显示,EG在体外可显著抑制人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞的侵袭、运动以及黏附能力(P<0.05)。EG可抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的m RNA水平,抑制Akt-NF-κB信号转导通路中的Akt磷酸化和NF-κB蛋白表达。因此认为EG在体外具有一定的抑制乳腺癌细胞侵袭迁移的作用,其机制与抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的m RNA水平、抑制Akt磷酸化过程和NF-κB蛋白表达有关。     

阿帕替尼调控上皮间质转化抑制三阴性乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭

目的探讨阿帕替尼对人三阴性乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭作用的影响。方法 MTT法检测不同浓度的阿帕替尼(1、 2、 4、 8、 16μmol·L~(-1))作用于乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞48 h的细胞毒性,并采用Bliss法计算半数抑制浓度(IC50); Annexin V-FITC/PI流式细胞术检测阿帕替尼对MDA-MB-231细胞凋亡的影响;Transwell实验检测阿帕替尼对MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭能力的影响;Western blot检测阿帕替尼对上皮间质转化(EMT)标志性蛋白上皮钙黏素、神经钙黏素及波形蛋白表达的影响。结果 1、 2、4、 8、 16μmol·L~(-1)阿帕替尼可显著抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖,增殖抑制率分别为(38.38±3.33)%、(53.17±4.31)%、(62.09±6.21)%、(80.97±7.50)%和(98.54±9.75)%。阿帕替尼作用48 h对MDA-MB-231细胞的IC50为1.96μmol·L~(-1)。与空白对照组相比,阿帕替尼可显著诱导MDA-MB-231细胞凋亡,显著抑制MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭基底膜的能力(P<0.05);阿帕替尼还可显著上调MDA-MB-231细胞上皮钙黏素的表达,下调神经钙黏素及波形蛋白的表达(P <0.05)。结论阿帕替尼可能通过调控EMT进而发挥抗三阴性乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭作用。     

miR-619-5p对乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭的影响北大核心CSCD

目的探究miR-619-5p在人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和MCF-7增殖、迁移和侵袭中的作用及机制。方法乳腺癌和正常乳腺组织及细胞中miR-619-5p的表达利用生物信息学分析或经qRT-PCR法检测;分别转染miR-619-5p模拟物或抑制剂后,qRT-PCR法测定miR-619-5p、上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关分子mRNA的表达;CCK-8法用于检测细胞增殖;划痕愈合实验和Transwell TM实验观察细胞迁移和侵袭能力转变;EMT相关分子的蛋白表达由Western blot检测。生物信息学预测miR-619-5p靶基因,并对潜在靶基因CREB1作初步分析。结果miR-619-5p在乳腺癌中低表达。与对照组相比,过表达miR-619-5p后,miR-619-5p表达水平上调,EMT上皮标志物表达上调,促EMT分子及间质标志物表达下调,细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭能力削弱,CREB1表达下调;低表达miR-619-5p组结果与上述结果相反。结论乳腺癌组织及细胞中miR-619-5p表达更低,miR-619-5p可抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT,其效应可能通过靶向CREB1实现。     

芦荟大黄素对高转移乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231体外转移潜能的影响

目的研究芦荟大黄素(Aloe emodin,AE)对人高转移乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231体外转移潜能的影响及其作用机制。方法 MTT法检测AE对MDA-MB-231细胞增殖的抑制作用;Transwell chamber法检测AE对MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭重组基底膜能力和趋化性运动能力的影响;RT-PCR、Western blot法检测AE对MDA-MB-231细胞黏着斑激酶(FAK)mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。明胶酶谱法检测MDA-MB-231细胞分泌的基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)活性。结果 80μmol·L-1 AE抑制MDA-MB-231细胞体外侵袭重组基底膜能力、趋化性运动能力,其抑制率分别为(52.98±5.46)%,(45.88±8.51)%。作用于MDA-MB-231细胞24 h后,AE下调FAK mRNA和蛋白表达,下调MDA-MB-231细胞分泌MMP-9。结论 AE抑制MDA-MB-231细胞体外侵袭能力、趋化性运动能力,其作用机制与其下调FAK表达和MMP-9的分泌有关。     

Gab2通过PI3K/Akt/ARK5/MMP途径影响乳腺癌的侵袭和转移

目的探讨Gab2在乳腺浸润性导管癌侵袭和转移中的分子机制,为临床预防乳腺癌的侵袭和转移提供理论依据。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法检测80例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织及癌旁相对正常组织(>5 cm)中Gab2蛋白表达情况,并分析其表达与乳腺浸润性导管癌临床病理参数的相关性,分析浸润性导管癌中Gab2、MMP-2及MMP-9蛋白表达的相关性。采用Western blot检测乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7、MDA-MB-231中Gab2蛋白的表达情况。采用RNAi技术将小RNA干扰质粒瞬时转染乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-231,应用Western blot检测转染成功后各组细胞中MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白的表达情况,应用Transwell体外侵袭实验检测各组细胞的侵袭性,用EGF刺激细胞后Western blot检测Akt及ARK5的磷酸化情况。结果浸润性导管癌组织中Gab2蛋白的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常组织(P<0.01),浸润性导管癌中Gab2蛋白的表达与ER、组织学分期及淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05),且其表达与MMP-2及MMP-9蛋白的表达呈正相关;MDA-MB-231细胞系中Gab2蛋白表达量高于MCF-7细胞系中表达量;转染干扰质粒24 h后,与转染空载细胞组相比,SiG ab2/MDA-MB-231细胞组中Gab2蛋白的表达量明显降低,结果显示转染成功。同时,SiG ab2/MDA-MB-231细胞组穿过Transwell小室人工基膜数量明显减少(P<0.05),并伴有MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达降低(P<0.05)。用EGF刺激各组细胞,结果显示:在SiG ab2/MDAMB-231细胞组Akt及ARK5的磷酸化明显受到抑制。结论Gab2通过PI3K/Akt/ARK5信号通路影响MMP-2、MMP-9的表达从而促进乳腺癌的侵袭与转移。     

延龄草总皂苷抑制乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231转移的作用及机制研究

目的观察延龄草总皂苷对乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231侵袭与迁移的影响及相关机制。方法培养乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231,加入延龄草总皂苷(1.5、3 mg·L~(-1))24 h后,采用细胞侵袭实验、划痕实验观察延龄草总皂苷对MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭与迁移的影响,以Western blot方法检测细胞中MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白的表达。结果延龄草总皂苷能够有效地抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的侵袭与迁移,降低MMP-2与MMP-9的蛋白表达并呈现浓度依赖性。结论延龄草总皂苷能够有效地抑制乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231侵袭与迁移,其可能机制与降低MMP-2、MMP-9的表达水平有关。     

川芎嗪对人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231侵袭黏附能力的影响

目的观察不同浓度川芎嗪干预后乳腺癌细胞侵袭、黏附能力的改变及MMP-2/MMP-9的表达。方法用细胞黏附实验,检测川芎嗪对MDA-MB-231细胞黏附力的抑制作用;用Transwell小室检测不同浓度川芎嗪干预后MDA-MB-231细胞体外侵袭能力的改变;用半定量逆转录-聚合酶联反应(RT-PCR)检测川芎嗪对MDA-MB-231细胞MMP-2/MMP-9 mRNA表达的抑制作用。结果川芎嗪对MDA-MB-231细胞黏附力有明显抑制作用,对MDA-MB-231细胞的MMP-2 mRNA的表达有明显抑制作用;但对MMP-9mRNA的表达无明显影响。结论川芎嗪能显著抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的黏附和侵袭能力,其抑制效应与药物的浓度呈正相关。川芎嗪可能通过下调MDA-MB-231细胞MMP-2mRNA的表达而抑制细胞的黏附、侵袭能力。     

吞噬细胞运动蛋白1在IL-8诱导的乳腺癌细胞的侵袭和转移中发挥重要作用

目的探讨吞噬细胞运动蛋白1(engulfment and cell motility 1,ELMO1)在IL-8诱导的乳腺癌细胞侵袭和转移过程中的作用。方法采用趋化运动实验检测不同浓度IL-8刺激下乳腺癌细胞的趋化运动能力;采用Western blot检测乳腺癌细胞中ELMO1的表达情况;利用小RNA干扰技术,瞬时转染乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231,用过表达质粒上调乳腺癌细胞MCF-7中ELMO1的表达;应用趋化运动实验和Transwell侵袭实验检测各组转染细胞的趋化和侵袭能力。结果趋化运动实验结果显示,在IL-8刺激下,乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和MCF-7的运动能力明显增强,具有剂量依赖性;Western blot结果显示ELMO1在si ELMO1/MDA-MB-231细胞中的表达明显降低,而在MCF-7/ELMO1细胞中的表达明显增高;趋化运动实验结果显示在IL-8刺激下,Si ELMO1/MDA-MB-231细胞组的趋化运动能力明显降低,MCF-7/ELMO1细胞组的趋化运动能力明显增强;Transwell侵袭实验结果显示在IL-8刺激下,敲除ELMO1明显降低MDA-MB-231细胞的侵袭能力,过表达ELMO1明显增强MCF-7细胞的侵袭能力。结论 IL-8能促进MDA-MB-231和MCF-7细胞的趋化运动和侵袭能力,而ELMO1在IL-8诱导的乳腺癌细胞趋化和侵袭作用中发挥重要作用。     

加味柴胡桂姜汤介导乳腺癌细胞黏附分子PSGL-1改善炎症-黏附-转移作用研究

目的 研究炎症微环境下黏附分子PSGL-1异常表达对乳腺癌细胞增殖、黏附、侵袭及迁移能力的影响及加味柴胡桂姜汤干预作用机制。方法 制备加味柴胡桂姜汤含药血清,选择高转移乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞株,筛选药物最佳浓度;运用脂多糖刺激乳腺癌细胞形成炎症微环境模型,将细胞分为空白对照组、LPS模型组、顺铂组、PSGL-1中和抗体组、加味柴胡桂姜汤组、加味柴胡桂姜汤与PSGL-1中和抗体联合组,采用CCK-8法、明胶黏附、Transwell及细胞划痕实验检测细胞增殖、黏附、侵袭和迁移能力;qRT-PCR和Western blot实验检测PSGL-1与其受体及Vimentin等EMT相关基因表达。结果 LPS刺激乳腺癌细胞后细胞生物学行为改变,黏附分子及EMT基因表达增加,加味柴胡桂姜汤、PSGL-1中和抗体均能抑制LPS诱导的增强作用,联合组较加味柴胡桂姜汤组抑制作用降低。结论 炎症微环境下肿瘤细胞侵袭及迁移能力增强,加味柴胡桂姜汤能够靶向调控PSGL-1抑制乳腺癌细胞侵袭及迁移。     

Raptor通过上皮-间质转化促进乳腺癌的侵袭与转移

目的探讨Raptor在乳腺癌侵袭与转移过程中的作用。方法采用Western blot检测乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和MDA-MB-231(MDA231)中Raptor蛋白的表达情况。应用小干扰RNA技术下调乳腺癌细胞MDA231中Raptor的表达量,同时将过表达质粒转入乳腺癌细胞MCF-7中,应用Western blot法检测转染后各组细胞中上皮性钙黏着蛋白(E-cadherin)和波形蛋白(Vimentin)的表达;应用Transwell体外侵袭实验检测转染后各组细胞的侵袭能力;应用细胞核质分离实验检测转染后各组细胞中Snail蛋白的转核情况。结果MCF-7细胞中Raptor蛋白的表达量明显低于MDA231细胞中的表达量;转染后,与对照组Scr/MDA231相比,siRaptor/MDA231组中Raptor蛋白的表达量明显降低,Vimentin蛋白表达量降低,而E-cadherin蛋白表达量升高;与对照组MCF-7/Con相比,MCF-7/Raptor组中Raptor蛋白的表达量明显升高,并伴有Vimentin蛋白表达量升高,而Ecadherin蛋白表达量降低。siRaptor/MDA231细胞组中穿过Matrigel小室的细胞数量明显减少(P<0.05);MCF-7/Raptor细胞组中穿过Matrigel小室的细胞数量明显升高(P<0.05)。细胞核质分离实验结果显示,siRaptor/MDA231组中Snail蛋白表达量较Scr/MDA231组中明显降低;MCF-7/Raptor组中Snail蛋白表达量较MCF-7/Con组中明显升高。结论 Raptor能够促进乳腺癌EMT的发生,对乳腺癌的侵袭与转移有重要作用。     

Effects of cannabidiol and of diphenylhydantoin on the hippocampus and on learning

Cannabidiol (3.5 mg/kg, i.p.) depressed hippocampal facilitation and posttetanic potentiation of evoked responses in rats, such, as had been reported before for diphenylhydantoin. Both diphenylhydantoin (80 mg/kg, i.p.) and cannabidiol blocked the increase of hippocampal RNA concentration caused by afferent stimulation, and depressed the acquisition of a conditioned avoidance response in rats. Neither drug affected the retention of such response when given by posttrial injection, nor the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice. The effects of both agents may be explained by the interference they have been previously shown to produce with the release of K⁺ from the hippocampus during stimulation. In fact, hippocampal facilitation and posttetanic potentiation and the RNA response to stimulation have been shown to be phenomena which depend on this K⁺ release, and have been attributed a role in learning.     

β3-肾上腺素受体激动剂的研究进展

摘要β     

妊娠合并子宫肌瘤对母儿影响的分析

目的 探讨妊娠合并子宫肌瘤对母儿的影响。方法 对1999年1月～2004年12月73例在剖宫产术中发现的子宫肌瘤进行分析。结果 妊娠合并肌瘤的胎位异常（臂位）率、产后出血率分别为17．8％、20．54％,而对照组分别为3．18％和8．97％;低体重儿发生率12、33％,而对照组为6．07％,有显著差异。结论 子宫肌瘤增加了母儿并发症的可能性;合并黏膜下肌瘤也有望使妊娠过程成功。     

朱砂及含朱砂制剂的肝肾毒性研究

目的 探讨朱砂、含朱砂制剂（柏子养心片）及甲基汞对大鼠的体内外毒性,为其临床安全用药提供科学依据。方法 ①对比甲基汞、朱砂及柏子养心片体外对人肝HL-7702细胞和人肾近曲小管上皮HK2细胞的毒性,计算半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）。②SD大鼠随机分为对照组,朱砂组0.1 g/kg,柏子养心片0.2、0.4、0.8 g/kg组,甲基汞组0.001 g/kg,每天ig 1次,连续给药90 d后,取血及肝、肾组织;试剂盒法检测血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、肌酐（CREA）、尿素氮（BUN）水平,测汞仪固体直接进样法检测肝、肾组织中汞蓄积量,并对大鼠肝脏和肾脏做组织病理学检查。结果 体外试验表明,朱砂、柏子养心片及甲基汞对HL-7702细胞的IC₅₀分别为7.852、6.035、0.009 5 g/L;对HK2细胞的IC₅₀分别为6.297、4.484、0.008 9 g/L。亚慢性毒性试验表明,甲基汞组大鼠肝、肾组织中汞蓄积量及血清中ALT、AST、CREA、BUN值均显著高于对照组,而朱砂及柏子养心片（高、中、低剂量）组与对照组比较均没有显著性差异;甲基汞组大鼠肝脏呈现肝细胞变性,肾脏可见明显肾小管损伤,而朱砂及柏子养心片（高、中、低剂量）组与对照比较没有明显差异。结论 朱砂及柏子养心片的体内外毒性均显著低于甲基汞,在目前药典规定的临床用量下使用安全性较好。     

Effects of raunescine and isoraunescine on behaviour and on the 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenaline contents of brain

Some behavioural effects of raunescine and isoraunescine on pigeons have been studied; no qualitative difference was detected between their effects and those of reserpine. Isoraunescine is between five and ten times less potent than raunescine, which, in turn, is much less potent than reserpine in producing these effects.

Both raunescine (5 mg./kg.) and isoraunescine (50 mg./kg.) were found to cause a reduction in the concentration of noradrenaline in the brains of rats. Raunescine (5 mg./kg.) also caused a reduction in the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in brain; isoraunescine did not do so in the same dose; higher dose levels were not studied.

     

Effect of ranitidine on ileal myenteric plexus preparation and on acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase

Ranitidine at concentrations from 1 microM to 0.1 mM brought about a dose-dependent potentiation of the twitch responses elicited by electrical stimulation of the ileal myenteric preparation. At higher concentrations (0.3-3 mM) ranitidine also caused irregular slow contractions of the unstimulated ileal preparation which were potentiated by eserine and blocked by atropine and tetrodotoxin. In order to identify the mechanism of these apparently cholinomimetic actions, the effects of ranitidine on AChE and BuChE were studied. Ranitidine showed an instantaneous and promptly reversible inhibitory action at concentrations between 0.5 and 30 microM. Double reciprocal plots were prepared and equilibrium dissociation constants calculated. It appears that ranitidine exerts an inhibition of the "mixed" type on both AChE and BuChE, but the dissociation constants for BuChE were markedly higher than those for AChE. Since AChE inhibition occurs in the same concentration range potentiating the twitch responses on the ileal myenteric preparation, it may explain the cholinomimetic effect of ranitidine.     

高血糖、高胰岛素对内皮细胞凋亡及Mn-SOD表达的研究

目的：了解糖尿病高胰岛素及高血糖的改变对内皮细胞凋亡及Mn-SOD表达的影响。方法：在高糖、高胰岛素及对照培养环境,分别孵育内皮细胞72h测定细胞凋亡情况并检测Mn-SOD的表达水平。结果：内皮细胞在高糖、高胰岛素条件下凋亡显著增加（P〈0.05）,同时Mn-SOD表达下降（P〈0.05）。结论：在高胰岛素血症而血糖没有升高到糖尿病标准的阶段,就会有内皮细胞凋亡显著增加,从而促进动脉粥样硬化形成,同时还有Mn-SOD表达水平的下降,病损持续存在于2型糖尿病进展的各个阶段。     

Effect of sodium diclofenac on serum and tissue concentration of amoxicillin and on staphylococcal infection

The effect of sodium diclofenac on serum and tissue amoxicillin concentration as well as their effect against staphylococcal infection was observed. Four polyurethane sponges were placed in the back of thirty rats. After 14 d, two granulomatous tissues received 0.5 ml of 10(8) cfu/ml (Staphylococcus aureus). Two days later, the rats were divided into five groups: group 1 received amoxicillin 50 mg/kg/p.o., group 2 received amoxicillin 25 mg/kg/p.o., group 3 received sodium diclofenac 2.5 mg/kg/i.m. and amoxicillin 50 mg/kg/p.o., group 4 received sodium diclofenac 2.5 mg/kg/i.m., and group 5 (control group) received NaCl 1 ml/p.o. After six hours of drug administration, blood serum (10 microl) and noninfected granulomatous tissues were placed on Mueller-Hinton agar inoculated with 10(8) cfu/ml (S. aureus). Infected tissues were dispersed in a sonic system and were spread (10 microl) on salt mannitol agar. Microorganisms were counted and the inhibition zones were measured after 18 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. Amoxicillin tissue concentration was 6.27 microg/g for group 1, 2.18 microg/g for group 2, and 0.72 microg/g for group 3. The serum concentrations were 11.56 microg/ml for group 1, 5.36 microg/ml for group 2, and 1.34 microg/ml for group 3. No differences were observed among group 1, 2, and 3 regarding staphylococci counts (Kruskall-Wallis test p>0.05). Group 4 reduced (p<0.05) staphylococci counts comparing to group 5. It was concluded that sodium diclofenac reduced serum and tissue amoxicillin concentration and, even in large doses, amoxicillin was not effective in eradicating the staphylococcal infection after 6 h of administration.     

Effects of H-Phe-Ile-Tyr-His-Ser-Tyr-Lys-OH on passive and active avoidance behavior and on open-field activity of rats

The action of H-Phe-Ile-Tyr-His-Ser-Tyr-Lys-OH on the passive and active avoidance behavior and open-field activity of rats was studied after peripheral and intracerebroventricular administration. When applied before the test session, intracerebroventricular administration increased the avoidance latency of passive avoidance behavior. Subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular administration of the peptide delayed the extinction of active avoidance behavior. Both subcutaneous and intracerebroventricula administration increased the grooming activity of the rats. The data suggest that H-Phe-Ile-Try-His-Ser-Tyr-Lys-OH is able to influence memory, acting mainly on the retrieval processes, ad to modify open-field activity.     

Influence of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on blood pressure and on renin formation and release

Summary I.v. injection of 40 mg/kg or 65 mg/kg streptozotocin reliably induced diabetes in female Sprague-Dawley rats, but failed to induce hypertension within the following 42 days. In most animals injected with the higher dose and in some animals injected with the lower dose, the tail blood flow was permanently impaired so that no blood pressure signals could be obtained by tail plethysmography. This phenomenon occurred also when the drug was injected into the jugular vein and thus was not due to a local effect of streptozotocin. 15 days after 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, the mean arterial pressure of the rats was similar to that of controls, when measured in the awake state (carotid cannula) or under ether anaesthesia. 42 days after streptozotocin, under pentobarbital anaesthesia, the blood pressure was again normal in the animals given 40 mg/kg of the drug and depressed in the animals given 65 mg/kg of the drug 42 days previously. The increase of blood pressure induced by 1 g/kg (–)-noradrenaline i.v. was similar in the latter group of animals and in controls.The renal cortical renin concentration was much lower than in controls 42 days after either dose of streptozotocin, while the plasma renin activity was normal (40 mg/kg) or increased (65 mg/kg). The low renal renin content may have been due to the diabetic state, rather than to the drug itself. Adrenal medullary dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was increased 42 days after the higher dose of streptozotocin.Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant Nr. 3.410.078