单用TAM及联合应用5-FU对结肠癌细胞株生长抑制作用及增殖凋亡的影响

目的探讨他莫昔芬(tamoxifen,TAM)单独或联合5-FU化疗对结肠癌细胞株生长抑制作用及凋亡的影响.方法应用MTT法,比较单纯应用TAM和TAM与5-FU联合对SW480、HT29细胞株生长抑制作用,通过药物量-效关系曲线,观察TAM有无化疗增敏作用,同时检测PCNA和AI,探讨TAM联合5-FU对增殖、凋亡的影响.结果单独应用TAM对SW480、HT29细胞株无生长抑制作用;TAM联合5-FU在一定浓度时可抑制SW480和HT29细胞的生长,提高对5-FU的敏感性,起到化疗增敏作用.通过对PCNA和AI 2个指标的检测,随着浓度的增加和时间的延长,TAM联合5-FU抑制细胞的增殖和促进细胞的凋亡均呈上升趋势.结论一定浓度的TAM能增加人结肠癌细胞株SW480、HT29对化疗药物5-FU的敏感性,抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡.     

单用TAM及联合应用5-FU对结肠癌细胞株生长抑制作用及增殖凋亡的影响

目的：探讨他莫昔芬(tamoxifen，TAM)单独或联合5-FU化疗对结肠癌细胞株生长抑制作用及凋亡的影响。方法：应用MTT法，比较单纯应用TAM和TAM与5-FU联合对SW480、HT29细胞株生长抑制作用，通过药物量-效关系曲线，观察TAM有无化疗增敏作用，同时检测PCNA和AI，探讨TAM联合5-FU对增殖、凋亡的影响。结果：单独应用TAM对SW480、HT29细胞株无生长抑制作用；TAM联合5-FU在一定浓度时可抑制SW480和HT29细胞的生长，提高对5-FU的敏感性，起到化疗增敏作用。通过对PCNA和AI2个指标的检测，随着浓度的增加和时间的延长，TAM联合5-FU抑制细胞的增殖和促进细胞的凋亡均呈上升趋势。结论：一定浓度的TAM能增加入结肠癌细胞株SW480、HT29对化疗药物5-FU的敏感性，抑制细胞增殖，促进细胞凋亡。     

姜黄素诱导人结肠癌细胞株SW480凋亡及其bcl-2表达相关性研究

目的探讨姜黄素对人结肠癌细胞株SW480诱导凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法5～50μM姜黄素分别处理SW480细胞6～48h后,MTT法检测细胞的生长活性,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡,免疫组化法检测细胞内bcl2蛋白表达水平。结果MTT显示姜黄素对SW480细胞具有细胞毒作用,呈时间浓度依赖性。FCM结果显示细胞周期中G0/G1期细胞比例增加,S期、G2/M期比例下降。TUNEL法显示凋亡细胞数增加,免疫组化结果显示bcl2基因表达明显减弱。结论姜黄素能抑制结肠癌SW480细胞的增殖并诱导细胞凋亡。其机制可能与干扰细胞周期及下调bcl2基因表达有关。     

芬太尼对结肠癌细胞株SW480增殖及侵袭的影响

目的：探讨不同浓度的芬太尼对结肠癌细胞株 SW480增殖和侵袭的影响。方法：选用不同浓度的芬太尼（0．5、5、50ng／ml）干预结肠癌细胞株 SW480,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MMT）法检测细胞增殖,Transwell法测定细胞侵袭。结果：各组芬太尼孵育 SW480细胞48h 及72h 后,均能显著抑制细胞的增殖（P ＜0．05）,且呈浓度和时间依赖性。芬太尼孵育 SW480细胞48h,与对照组相比,各浓度组均浓度依赖性抑制凋亡（P＜0．05）。结论：芬太尼可抑制结肠癌细胞株 SW480的增殖及侵袭。     

艰难梭菌毒素A诱导结肠癌SW480细胞线粒体凋亡途径的研究

目的:探讨艰难梭菌毒素A（Tcd A）对结肠癌细胞株SW480增殖、凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法:采用四唑蓝比色法（MTT）检测Tcd A对SW480细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞术（FCM）分析细胞凋亡情况和线粒体膜电位的变化;PI细胞荧光双染色法观察细胞凋亡的形态学变化。结果:Tcd A能显著抑制SW480细胞的增殖,且抑制率呈浓度依赖性;流式细胞仪分析处理组SW480细胞出现明显的凋亡以及线粒体膜电位的降低;细胞荧光染色观察到典型的凋亡形态学变化。结论:Tcd A可诱导SW480细胞发生凋亡,其机制可能是通过诱导线粒体膜电位的下降,破坏其外膜结构而诱发的。     

TRAIL与阿霉素联用协同杀伤人结肠癌细胞SW480

背景与目的:肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(tumornecrosisfactor-relatedapoptosisinducingligand,TRAIL)可选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞,而不影响正常细胞生长。当一部分肿瘤细胞对TRAIL不敏感时,特定的其它药物可增强其杀伤作用。本文旨在探讨结肠癌细胞SW480对TRAIL的敏感性,以及TRAIL与阿霉素联用对细胞的杀伤作用及可能作用机制。方法:常规培养结肠癌细胞SW480。利用MTT法检测细胞毒性作用,流式细胞术定量分析凋亡细胞比例,透射电镜在亚细胞结构形态上证实凋亡细胞,Westernblot分析p53及bcl-2蛋白表达变化。结果:(1)SW480细胞对TRAIL不敏感,100ng/mlTRAIL只能杀伤7.8%的细胞,IC50>1000ng/ml,且不存在浓度依赖性。(2)SW480细胞对阿霉素敏感,存在浓度依赖性作用,IC50=65μmol/L,0.86μmol/L的阿霉素对细胞不表现杀伤作用。(3)TRAIL与阿霉素合用表现出协同作用,亚毒性浓度TRAIL(100ng/ml)与亚毒性浓度阿霉素(0.86μmol/L)联用可杀伤80%SW480细胞。流式细胞学证实这种杀伤作用主要通过诱导细胞凋亡实现,透射电镜亦观察到大量凋亡细胞存在。药物作用前后,p53及bcl-2蛋白表达水平无明显改变。结论:结肠癌细胞株SW480对TRAIL不敏感,但TRAIL与亚毒性浓度阿霉素联用对癌细胞有协同杀伤作用,这种细胞毒性作用主要表现     

γ-氨基丁酸抑制结直肠癌细胞增殖及其对化疗的增敏作用

目的:通过体内、体外实验,探讨γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)对结直肠癌SW480、HCT116细胞的抑制作用及其与化疗联用的增敏作用.方法:采用CCK-8方法分析GABA及其与抗癌药5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-ru)或奥沙利铂(Oxaliplatin,OXA)联用对结直肠癌SW480、HCT116细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术分析GABA对SW480、HCT116细胞周期的影响.通过裸鼠成瘤实验观察移植瘤质量和体积,免疫组化法检测裸鼠肿瘤组织Ki67蛋白的表达,TUNEL染色观察裸鼠结直肠癌细胞的凋亡,体内实验研究GABA与OXA联用对肿瘤细胞生长的影响.结果:100 μmol/L GABA可显著抑制结直肠癌SW480、HCT116细胞的增殖,其抑制率分别为(37.38±2.62)％、(15.54±1.33)％,GABA浓度增加至200 μmol/L时,其抑制作用未见明显增强.GABA使SW480、HCT116细胞S期数量分别减少11.8％及10.7％.GABA与5-FU或OXA联用组对SW480细胞增殖抑制率高于5-FU或OXA组[(72.76±1.07)％ vs (63.82±3.29)％或(65.60±1.19)％ vs (57.09±1.25)％;q=4.079或4.128,P＜0.05],对HCT116细胞增殖抑制率也高于单用5-FU及OXA组[(79.53±1.12)％ vs(69.71±0.09)％或(73.19±0.07)％ vs(64.65 ±1.99)％;g=4.569或4.561,P＜O.05].实验结束时,GABA与OXA联用组小鼠移植瘤质量、体积显著低于对照组和OXA组[(0.20±0.016) vs (0.42±0.039)、(0.36±0.030)g和(250±27)vs(780±60)、(520±46) mm3,均P＜0.01];抑制Ki67蛋白在肿瘤组织的表达、促进肿瘤组织细胞的凋亡.结论:GABA对结直肠癌细胞增殖具有较强的抑制作用,与5-FU或OXA联用可增强化疗效果.     

miR-140-5p调控Nrf2影响结肠癌细胞5-FU耐药性

目的 观察miR-140-5p对结肠癌耐药细胞株SW480/5-FU及其亲本细胞株SW480 5-FU敏感性的影响及其与核因子NF-E2相关因子2（NF-E2-related factor 2,Nrf2）的关系,探讨miR-140-5p调控结肠癌细胞5-FU耐药的可能机制。 方法 用结肠癌细胞株SW480构建结肠癌耐药细胞株SW480/5-FU,qRT-PCR法检测两株细胞中miR-140-5p的表达,CCK-8法和细胞集落形成实验评估miR-140-5p对两株细胞5-FU敏感性的影响;采用qRT-PCR法、Western blot法双荧光素酶报告基因验证miR-140-5p与Nrf2的关系,CCK-8法、细胞集落形成实验探讨miR-140-5p调控结肠癌细胞5-FU敏感性与Nrf2的关系。 结果 成功构建结肠癌耐药细胞株SW480/5-FU,其miR-140-5p表达水平显著低于亲本细胞株SW480（P＜0.05）;CCK-8法、细胞集落形成实验结果显示,miR-140-5p可增强SW480/5-FU细胞对5-FU的敏感性,而降低SW480对5-FU的耐药性;qRT-PCR法、Westren blot法、双荧光素酶报告基因实验共同证实miR-140-5p可结合并抑制Nrf2的表达;CCK-8、细胞集落形成实验表明,Nrf2过表达能逆转miR-140-5p对结肠癌耐药细胞SW480/5-FU的5-FU敏感性调控结果。结论 miR-140-5p可能通过结合并抑制Nrf2表达,增加结肠癌耐药细胞株SW480/5-FU对5-FU的敏感性。     

芹菜素对人结肠癌细胞SW480增殖抑制作用的实验研究

目的:观察芹菜素对体外培养的人结肠癌SW480细胞的增殖抑制作用.方法:观察不同浓度[(10、30、60、90)μmol/L]的芹菜素在(24、48、72)h对人结肠癌SW480细胞增殖的影响:光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察芹菜素处理后人结肠癌SW480细胞形态结构的变化;运用四唑盐比色法(MTY)检测芹菜素对人结肠癌SW480细胞生长的影响.结果:经芹菜素处理的人结肠癌SW480细胞数量减少,部分细胞体积缩小,细胞膜完整,胞浆浓缩,核染色质固缩,细胞核碎裂,形成凋亡小体;MTT法检测显示芹菜素对人结肠癌SW480细胞的增殖有抑制作用,其抑制作用随着作用浓度的增加和作用时间的延长而增强.结论:芹菜素对人结肠癌SW480细胞的增殖有抑制作用,是一种高效低毒的药物.     

白藜芦醇对人结肠癌SW480瘤株作用的研究

目的研究白藜芦醇对人结肠癌细胞株SW480生长和细胞周期的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法采用光镜及电子显微镜观察用药前后细胞形态结构的改变;采用四唑盐(MTT)比色法检测细胞增殖,采用流式细胞术测定细胞周期。结果白藜芦醇呈时间和剂量依赖性抑制人结肠癌细胞株SW480的生长并诱导凋亡,IC50为80μmol/L;白藜芦醇使SW480处于S期细胞增多。结论白藜芦醇能有效的抑制人结肠癌细胞株SW480的生长并诱导其凋亡;白藜芦醇对结肠癌可能是一种有效的化学治疗和化学预防药物。     

Ringworm in animals in a farm in Assiut

Bericht über das Auftreten von Hautmykosen bei Tieren auf der Farm der Landwirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Assiut. Von 70 Kälbern waren 42 pilzkrank, davon 22 durch T. mentagrophytes, 20 durch T. verrucosum. Von 180 Kühen waren 8 pilzbefalien, sämtlich durch T. mentagrophytes. Von 2 kranken Bullen wurde T. verrucosum isoliert. Auch die 3 Pferde und 2 Maultiere der Farm waren pilzinfiziert; Erreger war in diesen Fällen T. equinum. Auch ein Kalb war von T. equinum befallen. Die gleiche Pilzart wurde ferner von 3 Tierpflegern isoliert, die Pilzherde am Hals und an den Armen aufwiesen.     

Statistical challenges in preprocessing in microarray experiments in cancer

Many clinical studies incorporate genomic experiments to investigate the potential associations between high-dimensional molecular data and clinical outcome. A critical first step in the statistical analyses of these experiments is that the molecular data are preprocessed. This article provides an overview of preprocessing methods, including summary algorithms and quality control metrics for microarrays. Some of the ramifications and effects that preprocessing methods have on the statistical results are illustrated. The discussions are centered around a microarray experiment based on lung cancer tumor samples with survival as the clinical outcome of interest. The procedures that are presented focus on the array platform used in this study. However, many of these issues are more general and are applicable to other instruments for genome-wide investigation. The discussions here will provide insight into the statistical challenges in preprocessing microarrays used in clinical studies of cancer. These challenges should not be viewed as inconsequential nuisances but rather as important issues that need to be addressed so that informed conclusions can be drawn.     

Hemoglobin in lymphogranulomatosis in children

The peculiarities of hemoglobin content and properties in lymphogranulomatosis were studied in children by different methods. In most patients the content of fetal hemoglobin and methhemoglobin was found to increase and the rate of ferricyanide oxidation of hemoglobin also increases. Simultaneously, the rate of non-homogenicity of basic hemoglobin fractions was observed to increase on account of immunologically different components.     

Trends in zygomycosis in children

Zygomycosis, or mucormycosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Studies in adults have shown an increase in the incidence of zygomycosis, particularly among haemtopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and patients with haematologic malignancies. There is a paucity of data on the epidemiology of zygomycosis in children. We performed a retrospective analysis to describe trends in zygomycosis between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2010. We used the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database to identify paediatric patients who were diagnosed with zygomycosis during the study period. Administrative data on diagnoses, demographics, underlying conditions and clinical experiences were collected. Summary statistics were calculated and tests for trend were conducted. We identified 156 unique patients with zygomycosis. The prevalence of zygomycosis did not significantly increase over time (P=0.284). The most common underlying condition was malignancy (58%) and over half received intensive care. Voriconazole utilisation among all hospitalised children significantly increased during the period (P=0.010). Our study demonstrates that the incidence of zygomycosis is not significantly increasing. During the time period there was a significant increase in the use of voriconazole among children.     

Dermatomycosis in Goats in India

Summary: In an extensive survey involving 2176 goats 1.56% of goats manifested clinical lesions of ringworm infection. Animals below the age of 6 months were affected most (4.20%). The incidence of infection was higher during the winter months. T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum were isolated from the skin scrapings of 12, 4, and 2 goats respectively. It is suggested that the infected animals could be a source of disease to human population in which the zoophilic dermatophyte invasion is characterized by severe inflammatory lesions of the skin. The zoonotic importance of different dermatophytes is stressed.
Zusammenfassung: In einer ausgedehnten Untersuchung an 2176 Ziegen wurden bei 1,56% klinische Zeichen einer Hautmykose festgestellt. Tiere, die jühger als 6 Monate alt waren, zeigten mit 4,20% am häfigsten Krankheitssymptome. In den Wintermonaten war die Erkrankungshäufigkeit am gröBten. T. vermcosum, T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum wurden jeweils von 12,4 bzw. 2 Ziegen isoliert. Die inflzierten Tiere köinnen eine Infektionsquelle für die menschliche Bevölkerung darstellen und dort Mykosen mit stark entzündlichen Veränderungen auslösen. Die Bedeutung verschiedener Dermatophyten als Erreger von Zoonosen wird hervorgehoben.     

Temozolomide treatment in glioma--experiences in two university hospitals in Finland

Thirty-two patients with relapsing glioma were treated with temozolomide in two university hospitals in Finland. One patient (3%) had complete response and 9 (28%) partial response, with 8 patients (25%) showing stable disease. Median progression-free survival for these 18 patients (56%) was 7 months (range 2-11+). The remaining either had progressive disease (25%) or only clinical evaluation (19%). Karnofsky score improved in 34% of patients and decreased in 3%. Symptoms were alleviated in 44% and deteriorated in 9%. Grade 3-4 toxicity was detected in 9% of the patients. Only 4% of the days in treatment were spent in hospital. An average 1.8 neuroradiological investigations, 6.9 laboratory visits, and 5.3 visits to the oncologist were made. This study confirms that temozolomide has positive effects on the outcome of often heavily pretreated glioma patients. High drug costs are compensated by prolonged home care and even the possibility to maintain working capacity.     

Sex hormones in women in rural China and in Britain

Plasma concentrations of certain hormones linked to breast cancer risk were measured in age-pooled samples from 3,250 rural Chinese women in 65 counties, and 300 British women, all aged 35-64. In age-groups 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 respectively, mean oestradiol concentrations were 36% (P = 0.043), 90% (P less than 0.001) and 171% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women, and mean testosterone concentrations were 48% (P less than 0.001), 68% (P less than 0.001) and 53% (P = 0.001) higher in the British than in the Chinese women. The difference in testosterone concentrations between the two countries appeared to be due largely to the lower average body weight in the Chinese women. Sex hormone binding globulin did not differ significantly between the two countries in age groups 35-44 and 45-54, but was 15% (P = 0.002) lower in the British than in the Chinese women at ages 55-64. Prolactin concentrations did not differ significantly between the two countries in any age group.