老年与非老年肺癌临床资料分析

目的分析老年肺癌患者的临床特点及预后影响因素。方法对2000年1月～2004年12月收治的138例≥65岁的老年肺癌患者（研究组）和同一时间随机选择的140例≤64岁肺癌患者（对照组）的临床资料、预后因素进行统计分析。结果研究组的中位生存时间为10个月，1年生存率和2年生存率分别为36．53％和17．30％，对照组中位生存期14个月，1年生存率和2年生存率分别是39．74％和16．66％，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。单因素分析显示，Ⅱ期、性别、以手术为主的治疗与研究组的预后有关，而ⅢA期、病理类型、序贯进行放化综合治疗与对照组预后有关。结论老年肺癌患者的临床特点与非老年肺癌患者有所不同，但预后因素相似，均与临床分期、治疗方式有关，年龄不是影响预后的主要因素。     

65例高龄肺癌患者的外科治疗及围手术期处理

目的总结高龄肺癌患者外科治疗围手术期和术后并发症处理的经验及影响生存的因素。方法对1999年1月～2006年6月在我科接受手术的70岁以上肺癌患者65例进行回顾性分析。结果65例均在气管插管、静脉复合麻醉下接受全肺切除、肺叶切除、肺叶楔形切除等不同术式的手术治疗，术后早期死亡1例。5年随访率达100％，全组1年生存率为80．0％，3年生存率为38．5％，5年生存率为26．2％。结论高龄肺癌患者常合并或并发各种疾病，手术治疗及积极预防治疗围手术期可能的并发症，是病人长期生存的关键。     

外科治疗ⅢA期N2非小细胞肺癌的预后分析及临床意义

目的探讨经手术治疗的ⅢA期N2非小细胞肺癌不同亚组病人的生存率差异，分析影响ⅢA期N2非小细胞肺癌预后因素。方法对1991年1月～2000年1月我院146例手术治疗的ⅢA期N2 NSCLC患者进行分析。对一些可能影响预后的因素：病理类型、肿瘤位置、肿瘤大小（T）、手术方式、临床N2情况、N2转移组数及个数、术后辅助治疗等，用Kaplan—Meier曲线及Log rank检验生存率差异，Cox单因素，多因素分析各因素对生存率的影响。结果146例手术治疗的ⅢA期N2 NSCLC的3年5年生存率分别为19．86％和14．56％。单因素分析示肿瘤位置，临床N2情况，N2转移组数及个数是影响生存率的因素，多因素分析示肿瘤大小，临床N2情况，N2转移组数和肿瘤位置影响预后。右肺下叶肿瘤单组或单个N2转移，预后最好。结论纵膈是否有微转移淋巴结，转移淋巴结个数和组数是影响术后生存率主要因素。纵膈淋巴结微转移（mN2）．单组N2转移（N2L1），N2转移数少于4个的病人术后预后好，宜手术治疗。右肺下叶肿瘤发生单组N2淋巴结转移预后好。     

90例小型进展型肺癌的外科治疗评价

目的：探讨外科手术为主，辅以化、放疗治疗进展型小肺癌（T1N2M0)的临床效果。方法；分析1986年1月至1996年底行手术治疗的90例进展型小肺癌临床疗效，并将全组中综合治疗42例与单纯手术48例进展型小肺癌效果进行对比。结果：全组1年生存率72．2％，3年生存率28．9％，5年生存率18．9％。单纯手术组5年生存率12．5％；综合治疗组5年生存率26．2％。两组5年生存率之间差异有显著性，P＜0．05，提示综合治疗优于单纯手术。结论：以手术为主的综合治疗可提高进展型小肺癌的远期生存效果。     

肺癌侵及隆突的外科治疗

目的：总结肺癌侵及隆突的外科治疗，研究分析其手术适应证、技术方法及术后管理。方法：全组病例共36例，右肺中心型肺癌25例，右侧纵隔型肺癌2例，其中侵及上腔静脉及无名静脉6例；左侧中心型肺癌9例；手术方式：行右隆突全肺或肺叶切除隆突重建术27例，6例同时行受侵上腔静脉及无名静脉切除人工血管置换；左隆突全肺切除9例。结果：全组无手术死亡，术后早期死亡4例（11．1％），循环衰竭3例，呼吸衰竭1例；1年生存率80．6％（29／36），3年生存率47．4％（9／19），5年生存率33．3％（3／9）。结论：对于肺癌侵犯隆突和上腔静脉及双侧无名静脉通过切除原发病变和部分受侵器官可达到临床根治之目的，辅于多学科的综合治疗，患者亦可获得良好的远期生存。     

肺结核合并肺癌的诊断及影响外科治疗预后的因素分析

目的探讨肺结核合并肺癌的病因、诊断方法及影响外科治疗效果的因素。方法选择对肺结核合并肺癌患者外科治疗预后可产生影响的12个特征性临床因素,通过计算COX比例风险模型、累计生存率对65例施行手术治疗的患者进行了多因素分析。同时对患者的临床表现、体征、影像学检查结果进行了综合分析。结果本组患者主要临床表现为刺激性干咳、咯血,少数表现为胸背痛、发热、声嘶。胸部X线或CT检查显示:肺结核与肺癌病灶在同侧同叶53例,其中在原结核病灶处恶变47例(72.3%);同侧不同叶9例;不同侧3例。病灶形态:单纯块影19例,分叶毛刺状14例,不规则偏心空洞23例,肺不张8例,单侧胸腔积液1例。行楔形肿瘤切除4例、肿瘤所在肺叶切除38例、两肺叶切除4例、全肺切除17例、姑息性肿瘤切除2例,无围手术期死亡。本组患者64例获随访,平均随访时间5年。患者1、3、5年生存率分别为67.7%(44/65)、35.4%(23/65)、23.1%(15/65)。多因素分析表明肿瘤与原发结核病灶的关系、肿瘤手术方式及分期与患者的预后有关(P<0.01)。结论肺癌的部位与肺结核的部位密切相关,认识两者并存的临床表现、X线特征有助于肺癌的早期诊断、早期治疗。肿瘤的部位、分期、手术方式可影响患者手术预后。     

1380例手术后非小细胞肺癌影响预后的多因素分析

背景与目的非小细胞肺癌的预后影响因素较多，有关文献均有着不嗣的报道。作者结合本院的临床资料对非小细胞肺癌手术后不同治疗模式的预后及其影响因素进行评价及分析。方法回顾性分析白1996年1月至2003年1月．我院胸外科非小细胞肺癌手术治疗的1380例病人资料，对影响其预后的临床病理性因素进行了单因素及多因素分析。结果全组1年生存率为78．85％，3年49．78％，5年38．96％，中位生存时间38、77月。单因素分析显示患者肿瘤大小、病理类型、临床类型（中心型和周围型）、分期、淋巴结转移情况、手术方式及术后是否化疗和化疗的周期数为影响预后的因素，多因素分析显示肿瘤大小、分期、淋巴结转移情况及术后是否化疗和化疗的周期数为影响预后的因素。结论对于影响手术治疗的非小细胞肺癌的因素如肿瘤大小、分期、淋巴结转移情况及术后是否化疗及周期数为预后的因素。     

肺癌脑转移252例综合治疗临床分析

目的　探讨肺癌脑转移综合治疗的疗效及预后影响因素。方法　回顾性分析了１９９０年１ 月～１９９６ 年１２ 月采用不同方法治疗的２５２ 例肺癌脑转移患者生存期与生存率。结果　转移灶手术切除及γ或 Ｘ刀治疗辅以放疗、化疗以及放疗与化疗联合组的中位生存期及１ 、２ 年生存率明显高于单纯放疗与化疗组（ Ｐ＜ ００１ 及 Ｐ＜ ００５） ,肺癌的病理类型对生存期与生存率无明显影响（ Ｐ＞００５） ;单发转移及无颅外转移者生存期（ 中位生存期分别为８５ 和８５ 个月） 与生存率（１ 年生存率分别为３５ ％ 和２９ ％ ,２ 年生存率分别为１１ ％ 和８ ％ ） 明显高于多发转移及伴颅外血行转移者（ Ｐ＜ ００１） ;高年龄者（ ≥５０ 岁）１ 年生存率（２９ ％ ） 明显高于低年龄组（１５ ％ , Ｐ＜ ００５） 。结论　转移灶的手术切除及γ或 Ｘ刀治疗加放疗和化疗是治疗肺癌脑转移患者的首选方法,转移的数量与部位多少及年龄是影响预后的因素。     

胃肠道间质瘤临床病理特征和预后因素分析

背景：胃肠道间质瘤（GISTs）是胃肠道间叶细胞肿瘤，过去常被诊断为胃肠道平滑肌瘤或神经鞘瘤。目的：探讨GIST的临床病理特征和预后因素。方法：回顾性分析143例GIST患者的临床病理资料，以及其中131例患者的随访资料，分析临床病理因素与预后的关系。结果：143例GIST中，恶性占71．3％，交界性和良性分别占23．8％和4．9％。免疫组化检测结果显示，CDll7和CD34的阳性表达率分别为91．6％和85．3％。患者总体1、3、5年生存率分别为90．8％、74．0％和54．6％；恶性患者的5年生存率显著低于交界性和良性患者（44．0％对88．9％和100％，P〈0．01）；接受根治性切除术者的术后5年生存率显著优于局部肿瘤切除者（67．9％对38．5％，P〈0．01）。多因素生存分析表明，肿瘤大小、细胞核分裂像、肿瘤性质和手术方式是GIST的独立预后因素（P〈0．05）。结论：加强对GIST的认识，正确诊断，合理采用手术治疗，对改善GIsT患者的预后有着深远的意义。     

肺癌肉瘤的诊断及外科治疗

目的：探讨肺癌肉瘤的诊断和外科治疗。方法：该院胸科自1975－2000年共手术治疗肺癌肉瘤15例，术后均经病理证实，占同期肺癌恶性肿瘤的0．25％，结果：15例患者分别采用肺叶切除10例，2例行支气管袖状成形，其中1例扩大切除受侵的胸壁，全肺切除2例，单纯锁骨上淋巴结活检1例，术后均经病理证实，鳞癌加纤维肉瘤4例，鳞部加梭形细胞肉瘤2例，鳞癌加多形细胞肉瘤2例，大细胞肺癌合纤维肉瘤2例，鳞癌加横纹肌肉瘤1例，鳞腺癌加多形细胞肉瘤1例，腺癌加纤维肉瘤3例。术后分期及预后：T1N0M0：1例，T2N0M0：7例，T2N1M0：2例，T3N0M0：1例，T3N2M0：1例，T4N2MO：1例，T2N3M0：1例，T3N3M0：1例，T3N3M0：1例，1，3，5年生存率分别为：73．3％，33．3％，和13．3％，结论：肺癌肉瘤的诊断依赖于病理组织学切片，肺癌肉瘤术后可辅以放疗，化疗等综合治疗，但其预后较肺癌差。     

结直肠癌肺转移患者的临床回顾性分析

目的 了解结直肠癌肺转移患者的生存时间(OS)和结直肠癌根治术后发生肺转移的时间间隔并寻找相关影响因素.方法 对206例结直肠癌肺转移患者的各项临床参数、治疗方法、无转移间隔时间(DFI)和OS进行分析.结果 结直肠癌肺转移患者6个月、1年、2年、3年和5年的累积生存率分别为79%、46%、25%、20%和18%,中位OS为16个月.有或无特异性肺部及相关症状、性别、年龄、伴或不伴肝转移、肺转移灶单发或多发、是否存在纵隔和(或)肺门淋巴结转移均与OS无关(P值均＞0.05).单因素分析发现结直肠癌原发部位(P=0.020)、脉管浸润(P=0.022)和T分期(P=0.009)是影响肺转移患者中位OS的因素,但多因素分析未发现独立预后因子.接受肺转移灶切除术者相比单纯化学治疗者中位OS更长(分别为34和16个月),但因例数较少,差异尚无统计学意义(P=0.125).160例接受结直肠癌根治术者中,术后第1年和第2年各有48例患者出现肺转移,中位DFI为20个月.DFI与结直肠癌原发部位、形态类型、分化程度、T分期和N分期相关(P值均＜0.05),其中T分期是DFI的独立预测因子(P=0.023).结论 结直肠癌肺转移多发生在结直肠癌根治术后2年内,DFI、临床特征、病理特征和分期均不是独立的生存预后指标,但T分期是影响DFI的独立预测因子.     

Pulmonary resection for metastases from colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: We reviewed our experience in the surgical treatment of 47 patients with colorectal pulmonary metastases and investigated factors affecting their survival. METHOD: From September 1986 to December 1999, 47 patients underwent 59 thoracotomies for pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer. RESULTS: The median interval between colorectal resection and lung resection (disease-free interval [DFI]) was 33 months. Overall, 5-year survival was 48%. Five-year survival was 51% for patients with solitary metastasis (n = 30), 47% for patients with ipsilateral multiple metastases (n = 11), and 50% for patients with bilateral metastases (n = 6), and there were no significant differences. Five-year survival was 80.8% for 14 patients with DFI of < 2 years and 39.7% for 30 patients with a DFI of > 2 years (p = 0.22). Five-year survival for 11 patients with normal prethoracotomy carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels was 70%, and that for 26 patients with elevated prethoracotomy CEA levels (> 5 ng/mL) was 36% (p < 0.05). Eight patients had extrathoracic disease. The median survival time after pulmonary resection was 18.5 months, and the 5-year survival was 60%. A second resection for recurrent metastases was performed in five patients, and a third resection was done in one patient. All six patients are alive. The median survival of five patients who underwent a second thoracotomy was 22 months (range, 2 to 68 months), and one patient is alive 39 months after the third resection. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary resection for metastases from colorectal cancer may help prolong survival in selected patients, even with bilateral lesions, recurrent metastasectomy, or extrathoracic disease. Prethoracotomy CEA level was found to be a significant prognostic factor.     

Pulmonary metastasectomy for pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer has a limited prognostic impact: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis

BackgroundPulmonary metastasectomy (PM) for breast cancer-derived pulmonary metastasis is controversial. This study aimed to assess the prognostic factors and implication of PM for metastatic breast cancer using a multi-institutional database.MethodsClinical data of 253 females with pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer who underwent PM between 1982 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe median patient age was 56 years. The median follow-up period was 5.4 years, and the median disease-free interval (DFI) was 4.8 years. The 5- and 10-year survival rates after PM were 64.9% and 50.4%, respectively, and the median overall survival was 10.1 years. Univariate analysis revealed that the period of PM before 2000, a DFI <36 months, lobectomy/pneumonectomy, large tumor size, and lymph node metastasis were predictive of a worse overall survival. In the multivariate analysis, a DFI <36 months, large tumor size, and lymph node metastasis remained significantly related to overall survival. The 5- and 10-year cancer-specific survival rates after PM were 66.9% and 54.7%, respectively, and the median cancer-specific survival was 13.1 years. Univariate analyses revealed that the period of PM before 2000, DFI <36 months, lobectomy/pneumonectomy, large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and incomplete resection were predictive of a worse cancer-specific survival. Multivariate analysis confirmed that a DFI <36 months, large tumor size and incomplete resection were significantly related to cancer-specific survival.ConclusionsAs PM has limited efficacy in breast cancer, it should be considered an optional treatment for pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer.     

Transcatheter arterial embolization treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and risk of pulmonary metastasis

AIM: To investigate the relationship between transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and pulmonary metastasis in subjects with hepatocellular cardnoma (HCC).METHODS: A total of 287 patients with HCC followed up for more than i week were included. 102 patients underwent transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE group) and 185 received conservative treatment (control group). Thepatients′ chest x-rays and chest CT scans were examined for pulmonary metastasis.RESULTS: Patients with TAE had a median survival of 19.3 months while that of the control group was only 10.0 months(P&lt;0.05). Pulmonary metastasis occurred in 14 (13.7 %) patients in the TAE group and 14 (7.6 %) patients in the control group, there was no significant difference (P&gt;O.05).The l-year, 2-year and 5-year cumulative incidence of pulmonary metastasis was 11.8 %, 17.6 % and 24.0 % in the TAE group and 7.0 %, 13.0 % and 21.7 % in the control group, respectively (P&gt;0.O5). On the univariate analysis,tumor size, abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase levels and heterogeneity on sonography were significantly associated with pulmonary metastasis. However, on the multivariate analysis, only tumor size was significantly predictive of pulmonary metastasis.CONCLUSION: TAE is effective on prolonging survival of patients with HCC. It does not significantly increase the risk of pulmonary metastasis. Tumor size is the only significant predictive factor associated with lung metastasis.     

Prognostic factors for resection of isolated pulmonary metastases in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Lung is a common organ of metastases in patients with primary breast cancer. Pulmonary metastasis of primary breast cancer is usually considered as a systemic disease, however, the systemic approaches have achieved little progress in terms of prolonging survival time. In contrast, some studies revealed a probable survival benefit of pulmonary metastasectomy for such patients. However, the prognostic factor for pulmonary metastasectomy in breast cancer patients is still a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies to assess the pooled 5-year overall survival (OS) rate and the prognostic factors for pulmonary metastasectomy from breast cancer.

Methods

An electronic search in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via OVID), CENTRAL (via Cochrane Library), and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) complemented by manual searches in article references were conducted to identify eligible studies. All cohort studies in which survival and/or prognostic factors for pulmonary metastasectomy from breast cancer were reported were included in the analysis. We calculated the pooled 5-year survival rates, identified the prognostic factors for OS and combined the hazard ratios (HRs) of the identified prognostic factors.

Results

Sixteen studies with a total of 1937 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled 5-year survival rates after pulmonary metastasectomy was 46% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 43-49%]. The poor prognostic factors were disease-free interval (DFI) (<3 years) with HR =1.70 (95% CI: 1.37-2.10), resection of metastases (incomplete) with HR =2.06 (95% CI: 1.63-2.62), No. of pulmonary metastases (>1) with HR =1.31 (95% CI: 1.13-1.50) and the hormone receptor status of metastases (negative) with HR =2.30 (95% CI: 1.43-3.70).

Conclusions

Surgery with a relatively high 5-year OS rate after pulmonary metastasectomy (46%), may be a promising treatment for pulmonary metastases in the breast cancer patients with a good performance status and limited disease. The main poor prognostic factors were DFI (<3 years), resection of metastases (incomplete), No. of pulmonary metastasis (>1) and hormone receptor status of metastases (negative). And prospective randomized trials will be needed to address these issues in the future.     

Benefits of combining radiotherapy with aggressive resection for stage IV gallbladder cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The efficacy of combining resection and radiation in the management of advanced gallbladder cancer has not yet been defined. In this study, effects of combining radiation therapy on survival, local control and the pattern of recurrences were analyzed as a retrospective review. METHODOLOGY: From October 1976 to May 1996, 85 patients with stage IV (pTNM) gallbladder cancer underwent various aggressive resection modalities in our institute, including 34 liver resections, 30 hepatopancreaticoduodenectomies. Intra-operative, external or intracavitary radiation therapy was supplemented to resection in 47 patients. RESULTS: The 30-day operative mortality rate was 5.9% and the overall 5-year survival rate of stage IV disease patients was 6.3%; 3 patients are living well more than 6 years after surgery. Adjuvant radiotherapy yielded a significantly (p=0.0023) higher 5-year survival rate (8.9%) than resection alone (2.9%). The local control rate was significantly (p=0.0467) higher in the adjuvant radiation group than in the resection alone group (59.1% vs. 36.1%). However, there was no statistical difference in the frequency of distant metastasis between the two groups. Significant improvement (p=0.0028) of long-term survival was exhibited when radiation was used appropriately on patients with microscopic residues only. Those with macroscopic or without microscopic residues failed to improve. The 5-year survival rate and median survival time of patients receiving adjuvant radiation therapy for microscopic residues were 17.2% and 463 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant radiation therapy following aggressive resection, in certain circumstances, improves prognosis with acceptable operative mortality for stage IV gallbladder cancer.     

The role of pulmonary metastasectomy for pulmonary metastasis from head and neck cancer

The incidence rate of distant metastasis from head and neck (HN) cancers is 4.2–58.8%. The lung is the most common site of distant metastasis, and pulmonary metastasectomy (PM) can be performed in selected patients with pulmonary metastasis originating from HN cancers. However, due to the small number of study objectives, the knowledge on PM treatment of pulmonary metastasis from HN cancers remains insufficient, and the optimal management of pulmonary metastasis from HN cancer is unclear. Patients with pulmonary metastasis from HN cancer who underwent PM have a better prognosis than those who did not, with reported 5-year overall survival rates after PM of 20.9–59.4%. A histology of squamous cell carcinoma, incomplete resection, a short disease-free interval (DFI), and the oral cancer have been identified as factors predicting a worse prognosis after PM in this patient population. As a systemic therapy, longer overall survival has been achieved using immune check point inhibitors compared with standard single-agent therapies. Since the clinical and morphological diagnoses of pulmonary metastasis from HN cancers are often difficult, molecular techniques can provide useful information for the differential diagnosis between pulmonary metastasis from HN cancers and primary lung cancers. In cases of suspected pulmonary metastasis from HN cancer, the surgical strategy should be determined based on the patient’s clinical background.     

支气管肺动脉成形术治疗老年ⅢA期中央型肺癌患者的临床分析

目的探讨支气管肺动脉成形术治疗中央型肺癌的临床价值。方法选取我院48例中央型肺癌患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,31例行支气管肺动脉成形术,17例行全肺切除术。比较两组术后并发症的发生率、1、3、5年生存率及术后5年生存患者的生活质量。结果两组围手术期无死亡病例。治疗组术后并发症的发生率为9.69%,对照组术后并发症的发生率为29.40%。治疗组1、3、5年生存率77.42%、48.39%和29.03%,对照组1、3、5年生存率70.58%、41.17%、23.52%。术后并发症及生存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组与对照组的生存质量评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论支气管肺动脉成形术较全肺切除术术后并发症及生存率无明显差异,但术后生存质量明显较高。     

Unfavorable prognosis of patients with stage II non-small cell lung cancer associated with macroscopic nodal metastases.

BACKGROUND: Patients with stage II-N1 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) make up an intermediate group of patients with an unsatisfactory prognosis even though complete resection is usually possible. We retrospectively analyzed postoperative prognostic factors to devise guidelines for the proper management of this patient population. STUDY DESIGN: Among 546 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection from 1979 to 1995, 43 patients were pathologically defined to be at stage II-N1 (T1-2N1M0). The influence of the following variables on postoperative survival was analyzed: gender, age, cell type, pathologic T factor, number of metastatic nodes, station of metastatic nodes (hilar or pulmonary nodes), status of nodal metastasis (macroscopic, gross involvement confirmed histologically; or microscopic, metastasis first defined by histologic examination), surgical methods, and adjuvant therapy (including 18 of chemotherapy and 2 of radiotherapy). RESULTS: The 5-year survival rates (5YSRs) of patients with microscopic (n = 21) and macroscopic nodal metastasis (n = 22) were 76.0% and 27.6%, respectively (p = 0.001). The 5YSRs of 20 patients who received adjuvant therapy and 23 who did not receive adjuvant therapy were 57.6% and 46.6%, respectively (p = 0.036). Other variables did not affect survival. The Cox proportional hazards model analysis indicated that the presence of a macroscopic nodal metastasis and postoperative adjuvant therapy were independent prognostic factors. Among patients with macroscopic N1 NSCLC, 9 patients who had undergone adjuvant therapy showed a more favorable prognosis than the 13 patients who had not received adjuvant therapy (3-year survival rate, 55.6% vs 18.5%; p = 0.037; and recurrence rate, 30.0% vs 77.8%), whereas no significant influence of adjuvant therapy on survival was observed among patients with microscopic N1 NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS: Stage II-N1 NSCLC was categorized into microscopic and macroscopic N1 diseases. The latter had a poor prognosis, which might be improved by adjuvant therapy, although a suitable regimen has not been established.     

A combined surgical approach to non-oat-cell pulmonary carcinoma with single cerebral metastasis

Eighty consecutive patients with pulmonary non-oat-cell carcinoma and a single cerebral metastasis were followed for at least 5 years after therapy. Forty were treated by surgical excision at both sites of disease plus whole-brain irradiation in most cases (group 1). The remaining 40 patients, an observational cohort, were treated either by surgery at only one site of disease (usually craniotomy), whole-brain irradiation, chemotherapy, or some combination of these modalities (group 2). The 1-year survival in group 2 was 15%, and all were dead at 2 years. In group 1, hospital mortality was 1.5%, the 1-year survival rate 35%, the 2-year survival rate 25%, and the 5-year survival rate 12.5%. All the five year survivors were patients with N0 disease. In this subgroup of group 1, the five year survival was 20%. All patients surviving for more than 2 years were in group 1 and had a Karnofsky rating greater than 50 and N0 disease after staging. These data indicate that a combined surgical approach can be accomplished with low morbidity, low mortality, and increased survival rates, especially for patients with N0 disease who are vigorous enough to undergo the combined treatment.