应用AO微型钢板治疗掌骨头骨折

2004年7月～2007年3月,笔者对21例(29处)掌骨头骨折应用AO微型钢板进行治疗,临床疗效满意.现报告如下.     

近膝关节骨折不同手术方法的比较

自1992年11月～1994年3月,收治47例近膝关节部位的股骨、胫腓骨闭合性骨折(距膝关节上下5cm以内的骨折)中,随机分组,24例行电视下闭合穿针外固定架固定,23例行切开复位钢板螺丝钉内固定。外固定架治疗效果满意,优于切开复位钢板内固定。     

AO跟骨解剖钢板治疗累及跟距关节的跟骨粉碎性骨折

目的评价AO跟骨解剖型钢板治疗累及跟距关节面的跟骨粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法自2000年3月～2004年10月,应用AO解剖型钢板治疗累及跟距关节面的跟骨粉碎性骨折35例,术中注意关节面及B hler.s角的复位,同时应用解剖型钢板及松质骨螺钉进行内固定,术中均给予髂骨植骨。疗效评价根据Maryland Foot Score足部评分标准,分优、良、可、差四级。结果平均手术时间80(60～110)minute、平均手术出血量550(400～700)ml。早期进行功能锻炼,随访时间6.2个月(4～20个月)。骨折平均愈合时间为2.8个月,功能恢复优14侧(14/35,40.00%),良12侧(12/35,34.29%),可6侧(6/35,17.14%),差3例(3/35,8.57%)。结论AO解剖型钢板能够有效地支撑塌陷的跟骨关节面,是一种合理的跟骨骨折内固定器,固定牢固。     

髓内钉与钢板治疗成人胫骨干远端骨折的Meta分析

目的 对髓内钉与钢板治疗成人胫骨干远端骨折的相关并发症、进行Meta分析,为胚骨干远端骨折的治疗提供参考依据.方法 计算机检索MEDLINE (1966年至2012年3月)、EMbase(1974年至2012年3月)、Cochrane图书馆及中国生物医学文献数据库(1979年至2012年3月),手工检索相关的中、英文骨科杂志.收集髓内钉与钢板治疗成人胫骨干远端骨折的随机对照研究(RCT)和半随机对照研究(CCT),选择总体并发症发生率、感染发生率、骨折畸形愈合发生率、骨折不愈合发生率、骨折延迟愈合发生率、二次手术率作为Meta分析的评价指标,按Cochrane协作网推荐的方法进行系统评价.结果 共纳入7个研究463例患者,其中RCTs 3个、CCTs 4个;髓内钉组258例,钢板组205例.Meta分析结果显示:髓内钉组畸形愈合率明显高于钢板组,差异有统计学意义[RR=3.81,95％ CI(2.01,7.21).P＜0.05);两组总体并发症发生率[RR=1.46,95％ CI(0.90,2.38),P=0.12]、感染发生率[RR =0.54,95％ CI(0.27,1.07),P=0.08]、骨折不愈合发生率[RR=1.74,95％ CI(0.62,4.90),P=0.30]、骨折延迟愈合发生率[RR=2.03,95％ CI(0.56,7.31),P=0.28]、二次手术率[RR=1.22,95％ CI (0.71,2.10),P=0.47]比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 对于成人胫骨干远端骨折,与钢板治疗相比,髓内钉治疗增加骨折畸形愈合率,钢板可能更适合治疗成人胫骨干远端骨折.     

交锁髓内钉与锁定加压钢板内固定治疗成人股骨干骨折临床疗效对比

目的对比分析交锁髓内钉和锁定加压钢板内固定治疗成人股骨干骨折的疗效差异,探讨合理的治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2009年3月至2013年5月佛山市第一人民医院禅城医院收治的126例成人股骨干骨折患者的临床资料,根据内固定材料的不同分为交锁髓内钉组(70例)和锁定加压钢板组(56例),对两组出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、末次随访临床疗效优良率、并发症发生情况进行比较。结果交锁髓内钉组和锁定加压钢板组出血量、住院时间分别为(386±53)m L、(41±4)d和(419±66)m L、(49±6)d,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者均获随访,随访时间9~27个月(平均11.6个月)。交锁髓内钉组和锁定加压钢板组骨折平均愈合时间分别为(4.5±1.1)个月和(5.6±1.3)个月;末次随访时临床疗效优良率分别为97%(68/70)和86%(48/56);并发症发生率分别为6%(4/70)和18%(10/56)。两组上述指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与锁定加压钢板内固定术相比,交锁髓内钉治疗成人股骨干骨折具有出血量少、住院时间短、骨折愈合快、并发症少、临床疗效显著等优势。     

微创经皮解剖钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的病例对照研究

目的:探讨应用经皮微创钢板固定(minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis,MIPPO)技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法:对2006年2月至2009年3月收治的87例胫骨远端骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。经皮微创解剖钢板固定组(A组)35例,男25例,女10例;年龄(34.12±7.10)岁;采用闭合复位、解剖钢板内固定;经皮微创锁定钢板固定组(B组)11例,男8例,女3例;年龄(29.03±4.12)岁;采用闭合复位、锁定钢板内固定;传统切口解剖钢板固定组(C组)26例,男15例,女11例;年龄(31.07±6.31)岁;采用切开复位、解剖钢板内固定;传统切口锁定钢板固定组(D组)15例,男9例,女6例;年龄(30.27±6.52)岁;采用切开复位、锁定钢板内固定。比较4组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用、骨折愈合时间、末次随访AOFOS评分、并发症发生情况等指标。结果:87例均获随访,时间16～48个月,平均(24.6±2.2)个月。4组手术时间、末次随访AOFOS评分差异均无统计学意义。A、B组的术中出血量少于C、D组,住院时间、骨折愈合时间短于C、D组。A、C组的住院费用少于B、D组。结论:应用微创内固定技术创伤小、住院时间短,特别是应用经皮微创技术结合传统解剖钢板能够降低医疗费用。     

微创经皮钢板内固定治疗Schatzker Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的前瞻性研究

目的 对比研究微创经皮钢板内固定(MIPPO)和传统钢板内固定治疗Schatzker Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效. 方法采用前瞻性研究将2000年3月～2004年12月期间诊治的34例Schatzker Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折患者随机分为MIPPO治疗组(17例)和传统钢板内固定治疗组(17例).比较两组病例疗效的差异. 结果 MIPPO治疗组的手术耗时、手术失血量和并发症较传统钢板内固定治疗组显著减少(P＜0.05),骨折愈合更快(P＜0.05)和膝关节功能恢复更满意(P＜0.05),患者对疗效更满意(P＜0.05).结论 小切口直视治疗关节内损伤结合经皮治疗其他骨折部位的MIPPO可解剖复位关节内骨折,尽可能地保留了软组织的完整性,降低了软组织的手术损伤,减少了感染等并发症的发生,有利于软组织、骨折愈合和膝关节功能的恢复,是治疗Schatzker Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的一种理想方法.     

锁定与非锁定重建钢板治疗锁骨干移位骨折的疗效比较

目的 回顾性比较直型锁定重建钢板与普通重建钢板治疗锁骨干移位骨折的临床疗效.方法 2006年3月至2010年1月共有97例单侧闭合性锁骨干移位骨折(Edinburgh 2B型)患者接受切开复位钢板内固定手术,其中37例(男22例,女15例;平均年龄41.2岁)采用直型锁定重建钢板固定(锁定钢板组),60例(男37例,女23例;平均年龄38.5岁)采用直型普通重建钢板固定(普通钢板组).比较两组患者在内置物失效和肩关节Constant-Murley评分方面的差异.结果 所有患者均获随访,锁定钢板组术后获平均10.7个月(6～12个月)随访,普通钢板组术后获平均9.8个月(6～12个月)随访.锁定钢板组33例患者骨折获愈合,平均愈合时间为4.6个月(3～6个月).普通钢板组58例患者骨折获愈合,平均愈合时间为4.1个月(3～6个月).锁定钢板组有4例(10.8%)发生钢板断裂、骨延迟愈合,而普通钢板组仅有1例(1.7%)发生钢板断裂、骨延迟愈合,差异有统计学意义(x2=3.914,P=0.048).Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分:锁定钢板组平均为(87.3±6.5)分(82～95分),普通钢板组平均为(90.4±3.0)分(83～97分),两组患者术前与术后肩关节Constant-Murley评分差值比较差异无统计学意义(t=-0.730,P=0.467).结论 不推荐使用直型锁定重建钢板固定锁骨干移位骨折,尤其是对于简单骨折.     

防旋自锁钢板与动力髋螺钉治疗骨质疏松股骨转子间骨折的临床研究

目的 比较采用防旋自锁钢板、动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗骨质疏松患者股骨转子间骨折的术中情况、术后并发症及疗效。方法 2012年2月至2013年3月,分别采用防旋自锁钢板(22例)、DHS(36例)治疗,并随访老年股骨转子间骨折患者58例。比较两组患者手术情况、术后并发症及功能恢复情况。结果 防旋自锁钢板组手术时间稍长,两治疗组手术时间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);防旋自锁钢板组术中出血量略多于DHS组,两治疗组出血量比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);DHS组发生术后髋内翻、肢体短缩及并发症总数多于防旋自锁钢板(P<0.05)。DHS组、防旋自锁钢板组优良率分别为82.14%、95.00%,两组间疗效有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论 两种方法治疗老年骨质疏松患者股骨转子间骨折术中情况无差别;防旋自锁钢板术后并发症少、优良率高。     

手术治疗桡骨远端骨折66例

2004年3月～2008年8月,我院采用切开复位T型钢板内固定、切开复位外固定架结合克氏针、钢板内固定等方法治疗桡骨远端骨折患者66例,取得了满意疗效,报道如下.     

Use of 2.0 mini plate system as reduction plate

Fracture stabilization and reduction using temporary plates during intramedullary tibial nailing was introduced as a novel concept in fracture surgery by Benirschke et al. (Orthop Trans 18:1055–1056, 1995). The concept of temporary reduction using one-third tubular plates proved useful in aiding metaphyseal and periarticular fracture fixation also. However, planning the strategic location of final plate was the main limitation with this technique using one-third tubular plates. We used 2.0 mini plates as provisional reduction plates that solved the issue of planning and placement of plates. The main advantage of our technique is that the final definitive plate can be applied directly over the mini plates. Here, we will describe our technique using relevant fracture case in metaphyseal–periarticular location.     

A retrospective comparison of four plate constructs for first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion: static plate, static plate with lag screw, locked plate, and locked plate with lag screw

The primary treatment for progressive first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint arthritis is arthrodesis. Multiple fixation types have been used to accomplish fusion including plating. There have been no published articles reporting the outcomes of these 4 plate and/or screw constructs. We present our experience with 138 first MTP joint fusions using these constructs. A retrospective comparison and radiographic chart review of 132 patients (138 feet) was performed to compare different constructs in regards to successful union and time to fusion. All operations were performed by 4 fellowship-trained foot and ankle surgeons. The radiographs were independently read by 2 authors not involved in the index procedures. Radiographic fusion was determined by bridging cortices across the joint line. The mean time to union (in days) and rate of fusion were static plate: 59, 95%, static plate with lag screw: 56, 86%, locked plate: 66, 92%, and locked plate with lag screw: 53, 96%. There was not a statistically significant difference between the groups in regards to patient age, time to weight bearing, time to fusion, or rate of fusion. We report on the results of fusion comparing 4 different plate and/or screw constructs for first MTP joint fusion. The data reveal no significant difference in time to fusion or rate of fusion between static and locked plates, with or without a lag screw.     

Effect of urethral plate characteristics on tubularized incised plate urethroplasty

PURPOSE: We determined outcomes of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty based on preoperative urethral plate configuration or width. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of consecutive prepubertal boys undergoing tubularized incised plate distal hypospadias repair were reviewed. The urethral plate was characterized as flat, cleft or deep, and results in each group were noted. In addition, the width of the plate after separation from the glans wings before midline incision was measured in some patients, with outcomes determined according to those less than 8 mm versus 8 mm or greater. RESULTS: Of 159 patients plate configuration was recorded in 143, widths in 48 and both in 46. Outcomes were determined at a mean of 8 months postoperatively. Overall, there were no cases of meatal stenosis and fistulas occurred in 3 patients (2%). No significant difference in results was predicted by plate configuration or width. CONCLUSIONS: Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias repair has a low complication rate regardless of urethral plate configuration or width. Therefore, this procedure is potentially applicable in all cases of primary distal hypospadias.     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of tibial fracture using self-navigated plate

This study aims to introduce a self-navigated plate, which is characterized by the presence of a groove at each end of the plate, in treating tibial fractures. The plate is inserted subperiosteally across the fracture line when the fracture is effectively reduced. A second plate of the same is then placed over the subcutaneous one and serves as a guide for percutaneous insertion of screws through the holes of subperiosteal plate into the bones to secure the fracture. Seven patients with tibial shaft fractures were treated by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using this plate. The average operative time was 47 min, and the average fluoroscopy time was 19 s. All fractures healed from 3 to 6 months postoperatively, and excellent functional recovery was observed in all patients. In conclusion, the economical-friendly self-navigated plate is a good and effective alternative fixation method in treating tibia fractures by MIPO.     

Minimally invasive periprosthetic plate osteosynthesis using the locking attachment plate

Objective

Stable fixation of periprosthetic or periimplant fractures with an angular stable plate and early weight bearing as tolerated.

Indications

Periprosthetic femur fractures around the hip, Vancouver type B1 or C. Periprosthetic femur and tibia fractures around the knee. Periprosthetic fractures of the humerus. Periimplant fractures after intramedullary nailing.

Contraindications

Loosening of prosthesis. Local infection. Osteitis.

Surgical technique

Preoperative planning is recommended. After minimally invasive fracture reduction and preliminary fixation, submuscular insertion of a large fragment femoral titanium plate or a distal femur plate. The plate is fixed with locking head screws and/or regular cortical screws where possible. If stability is insufficient, one or two locking attachment plates (LAP) are mounted to the femoral plate around the stem of the prosthesis. After fixing the LAP to one of the locking holes of the femoral plate, 3.5 mm screws are used to connect the LAP to the cortical bone and/or cement mantle of the prosthesis.

Postoperative management

Weight bearing as tolerated starting on postoperative day 1 is suggested under supervision of a physiotherapist.

Results

In 6 patients with periprosthetic fractures and 2 patients with periimplant fractures, no surgical complications (e.g., wound infection or bleeding) were observed. The mean time to bony union was 14 weeks. No implant loosening of the locking attachment plate was observed. At the follow-up examination, all patients had reached their prefracture mobility level.     

Posterior buttress plate with locking compression plate for Hoffa fracture

BackgroundMany difficulties are associated with treating fractures of the posterior condyle of the femur (Hoffa fractures). Anatomical reduction and internal fixation are optimum for such intra-articular fractures. Some surgeons use anteroposterior screws to achieve direct stability. However, screw fixation is not adequate in some cases. To increase stability, we treat Hoffa fractures with a posterior buttress plate; we use a twisted, 1/3 tubular plate at the posterior surface and a supplementary, locking compression plate (LCP) for additional stability.MethodsPatients who had sustained Hoffa fractures between January 2006 and March 2009 were included in this study. Patients comprised three males and two females with a mean age of 73.6 years at the time of surgery. A 3.5-mm 1/3 tubular plate was twisted and applied to the posterolateral aspect of the distal femur. This was combined with an LCP on the distal femur to achieve a rafting effect.ResultsAll fractures were healed within 15 weeks. There were no instances of nonunion, infection, or implant removal. The mean range of motion was ?3° to 121°. Four patients had no pain in the treated limb and one had mild pain on weight bearing. The average Oxford Knee Score was 44.6 points. All patients achieved satisfactory joint function and regained their walking ability with good clinical results.ConclusionsImproved stability associated with this technique enables patients to begin range-of-motion training and return to their normal activities sooner; this resulted in good outcome.     

The growth plate

The growth plate is an organ composed of cartilage, bone, and fibrous parts whose activities are synchronized to provide for longitudinal growth in the typical long bone. The morphology, function, and metabolism of the growth plate and its component parts are discussed in detail in this article.