胰十二指肠切除术后肠内与肠外营养支持的疗效研究

目的 探究胰腺癌病人胰十二指肠切除术后肠内营养(EN)支持的重要作用.方法 将40例胰十二指肠切除术后的胰腺癌患者随机分成两组,每组20例.分别接受肠内营养支持和肠外营养(PN)支持,比较分析两组病人营养指标、炎性反应指标和并发症发生率等.结果 经术后9天治疗两组病人营养指标比较无统计学意义,EN组肠道蠕动恢复较早,且并发症、炎性反应指标及治疗费用显著低于PN组(P＜0.05).结论 在胰十二指肠切除术后,EN支持可减少并发症,有利于胰腺癌患者康复.     

改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的:比较在胰十二指肠切除术(PD)中,改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合两种胰肠吻合方式术后胰瘘等相关并发症的发生率.方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年12月盛京医院胰腺内分泌外科实施的59例PD手术患者的临床资料,其中采用改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合35例,采用胰管空肠黏膜吻合24例,比较两组术后胰瘘等相关并发症的发生率.结果:比较改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合两种胰肠吻合方式,发现手术时间和术中出血比较无统计学差异;术后胰瘘等相关并发症指标、住院时间、死亡率等无统计学差异.结论:改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合相比,同样安全可靠,具有操作方便,易于掌握,胰肠吻合严密牢固的优点,尤其适用于胰管直径小的病人,值得临床应用.     

200例胰十二指肠切除术后早期并发症危险因素分析

目的胰十二指肠切除术是目前许多壶腹周围良恶性疾病的首选治疗方式。本研究目的是寻找出胰十二指肠切除术后的早期并发症发生的危险因素。方法回顾分析1996年10月至2002年9月共200例胰十二指肠切除术的临床资料。其中包括标准胰十二指肠切除术176例,加做扩大腹膜后淋巴结廓清术者为24例,无保留幽门括约肌者。对于胰腺质地硬且胰管扩张患者采用端侧粘膜对粘膜胰肠吻合,而胰腺质软且胰管扩张不明显患者行对端套入胰腺空肠吻合。通过单因素及多因素方法分析早期并发症发生的相关因素。结果术后并发症发生率为21%(42/200),胰肠吻合口瘘最为常见。高龄(优势比2.162),术前合并糖尿病(优势比4.0862),术前血清总胆红素水平高于171.1μmol/L(优势比7.556),端端胰肠吻合(优势比2.616)以及术中输血量超过1000mL(优势比2.410)是术后早期并发症发生的独立危险影响因素。而胆肠吻合口留置T管(优势比0.100)可以显著减少术后早期并发症的发生。结论已经发表的关于胰十二指肠切除术早期并发症危险因素的相关文献之间的可比性不强。对于不同的专业组及患者,胰十二指肠切除术应当个体化,以期获得最好的治疗效果。     

200例胰十二指肠切除术后早期并发症危险因素分析(英文)

目的胰十二指肠切除术是目前许多壶腹周围良恶性疾病的首选治疗方式。本研究目的是寻找出胰十二指肠切除术后的早期并发症发生的危险因素。方法回顾分析1996年10月至2002年9月共200例胰十二指肠切除术的临床资料。其中包括标准胰十二指肠切除术176例,加做扩大腹膜后淋巴结廓清术者为24例,无保留幽门括约肌者。对于胰腺质地硬且胰管扩张患者采用端侧粘膜对粘膜胰肠吻合,而胰腺质软且胰管扩张不明显患者行对端套入胰腺空肠吻合。通过单因素及多因素方法分析早期并发症发生的相关因素。结果术后并发症发生率为21%(42/200),胰肠吻合口瘘最为常见。高龄(优势比2.162),术前合并糖尿病(优势比4.0862),术前血清总胆红素水平高于171.1μmol/L(优势比7.556),端端胰肠吻合(优势比2.616)以及术中输血量超过1000 mL(优势比2.410)是术后早期并发症发生的独立危险影响因素。而胆肠吻合口留置 T 管(优势比0.100)可以显著减少术后早期并发症的发生。结论已经发表的关于胰十二指肠切除术早期并发症危险因素的相关文献之间的可比性不强。对于不同的专业组及患者,胰十二指肠切除术应当个体化,以期获得最好的治疗效果。     

胰管空肠黏膜吻合对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生率的影响

目的 探讨胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合术对胰十二指肠切除术后胰肠吻合口瘘发生率的影响.方法 回顾性分析我院120例胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料,胰肠吻合分别采用套入式胰肠吻合和胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合两种术式,其中套入式胰肠吻合组66例,胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合54例,分别观察两组术后胰瘘发生的情况及临床效果.结果 两组患者在...     

胰管栓塞对胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除术后患者预后影响

胰管栓塞术治疗预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生取得满意效果。追踪随访27例胰管栓塞、胰十二指肠切除术后患者生存状况时发现胰管栓塞术有效解决了胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的同题,而且降低了患者晚期疼痛及黄疸的出现率。同时又发现肿瘤复发时间延后,三年内癌肿复发率低于传统手术方式。     

胰十二指肠切除术中胰管结扎预防胰瘘的临床研究

目的 :研究胰十二指肠切除术后胰管暂时性结扎对胰瘘的预防作用。方法 :对山东省肿瘤医院1989年 5月 - 2 0 0 2年 10月因壶腹周围肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术的 2 30例患者 ,比较胰管结扎组 (A组 )和胰管不结扎组 (B组 )胰瘘的发生情况。结果 :胰管A组 16 0例患者发生胰瘘 4例 ,发生率为 2 5 % ;B组7例出现胰瘘 ,发生率为 10 % ,两组差异有显著意义 ,P <0 0 5。结论 :行胰十二指肠切除术时胰管暂时性结扎手术操作简单 ,预防胰瘘效果可靠 ,是胰十二指肠切除术胰管较可靠的处理方式     

胰胃吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床作用

目的：探讨采用胰胃吻合的方式行胰十二指肠切除术中胰瘘的发生率。方法：回顾性总结了采用胰胃吻合方式重建消化道的58例因胰腺疾病而行胰十二指肠切除术的病例。结果：58例病人中发生胰瘘1例，发生率1．7％。术后测胃液中的淀粉酶最低值为860U／L，大便常规未见脂肪滴及未经消化的动物肌纤维，血糖在4．5－6．7mmol/L，说明胰腺内外分泌功能正常。术后5－7天，如测腹腔引流液中淀粉酶含量超过1500U／L时，有助于早期诊断胰腺瘘的发生。结论：胰胃吻合简单易行，能明显降低胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生率。     

胰管栓塞对胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除术后患者预后影响

胰管栓塞术治疗预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生取得满意效果。追踪随访27例胰管栓塞,胰十二指肠切除术后患者生存状况时发现;胰管栓塞术有效解决了胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的问题,而且降低了患者晚期疼痛及黄疸的出现率,同时又发现肿瘤复发时间延后。三年内癌肿复发率低于传统手术方式。     

胰十二指肠切除术后早期并发症的防治

目的探讨胰十二指肠切除术后早期并发症的预防和治疗措施。方法回顾分析1989年1月至2008年12月间行胰十二指肠切除术的65例临床资料,分析术后早期并发症的发生原因。结果65例均行手术治疗。术后共发生早期并发症14例,其中胰瘘8例（发生率12．3％）,7例经腹腔持续低压吸引和全身营养支持后痊愈,另1例死亡;胆瘘1例;消化道出血3例,1例死亡;腹腔感染2例。结论胰十二指肠切除术手术难度高,重视术前术中有关因素是减少并发症和病死率的关键。     

178例胰头癌的诊治分析

目的：分析胰头癌的临床表现,诊治方法,提高胰头癌的诊治水平。方法：用回顾性方法研究178例胰头癌的临床表现,诊治方法及治疗效果。:结果：178例患者主要临床表现有上腹部疼痛及不适,占69．7％;梗阻性黄疸,占74．2％,这两各症状1、Ⅱ期与Ⅲ、Ⅳ期之间差异均有显著性（P＜0．001）,伴腰背部疼痛者占17．9％,其中IV期占81．3％,对胰头肿瘤检出率B超为74．2％,CT为87．3％,MRI为85．5％,全组行根治性胰十二指肠切除术18例（10．1％）,术后1,3,5,年生存率分别为67．5％,36．0％和5．6％,胆汁内引流术115例。肿瘤未切除而行放、化疗者,中位生存期为7个月,结论：上腹疼痛不适及梗阻性黄疸为胰头癌的常见症状,高血糖为多发合并症,腰背疼痛常为晚月。结论：上腹疼痛不适及梗阻性黄为胰头癌的常见症状,高血糖为多发 合并症,腰背疼痛为晚期表现,CT是最重要的影像学诊断方法,B超,CT和（或）MRI联合检查可提高诊断率（达96．6％）,目前,胰十二指肠切除术是胰头癌唯一有效的治疗方法,胆汁内引流是重要的姑息治疗方法。     

胰腺转移性肿瘤的超声诊断

复习１８例经病理学、细胞学或诊断性治疗证实的胰腺转移瘤病人的超声诊断。在声像图上，肿瘤通常表现为低回声，后方回声无变化或增强，边界较清楚但不规则，胰头病灶可导致胆总管和胰管的扩张；邻近血管受压、显示不清或消失，或肿物与血管的分界不清。胰腺转移瘤虽然较为少见，但早期发现较难。在与原发性胰腺癌进行鉴别时，应结合病人原发肿瘤的存在，肿块边界清楚，行超声引导针吸活检，从而作出正确的诊断。     

The prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in patients with suspected pancreatico-biliary malignancy: Results from a specialist Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic unit

IntroductionThere is a paucity of information on micronutrient status in patients with pancreatico-biliary malignancies referred for surgery. Deficiency states could impact recovery from surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of deficiency states in our specialist Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic (HPB) unit.MethodsPatients with suspected pancreatico-biliary malignancies referred to our surgical team between October 2019 and July 2020, and seen by a dietitian were included in the study. Serum levels of vitamins A, D, E, B₁₂, and folate, and minerals zinc, selenium, copper and iron were obtained.ResultsForty-eight patients were eligible for inclusion, 28 males and 20 females with a median age of 68 years. Pancreatic cancer was suspected in 40 patients, bile duct cancer in four patients, and duodenal cancer in four patients. Zinc, vitamin D, selenium and iron were the most frequently occurring micronutrient deficiencies. Zinc deficiency was found in 83% patients and vitamin D insufficiency in 57%. Selenium deficiency was less frequent but found in 24% cases, while iron deficiency suggested by low transferrin saturation was found in 23% patients.ConclusionsMicronutrient deficiencies and borderline status may be more frequent in this patient group than generally acknowledged. Routine analysis of specific vitamins and minerals may be useful to identify deficiency/sub-clinical deficiency states. Further more extensive studies are needed to inform practice and enable guideline development.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的临床特点及预后分析

Objective To study the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features, histogenesis and biological behavior, clinical treatment and pronosis of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas ( SPT). Methods Routine HE and immunohistochemical (SP) stainings were used in the pathological examination of 18 cases of SPT. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. All the 18 postoperative patients were followed-up for 3 months to 10 years with an average of 29.2 months.Results There were 16 females and 2 males, age ranging from 9 to 65 years with mean age of 25.3 years. Abdominal pain and palpable mass were among the major complains. Tumors were encapsulated and mixed with solid and cystic tissues. Histological features were pseudopapillary structure with a fibrovascular core. Immunhistologically, most tumors were positive for α-AT, α-ACT and Vim, with a high percentage of 94.4%. The eighteen cases were followed-up from 3 to 120 months. Five cases received reoperation after recurence, and 14 cases were alive. Maximum survival time was 121 months and the minimum survival time was 3 months, with a median survival time of 23.0 months. The 5-year survival rate was 72.2%. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patient's age,tumor size, pathologic features, metastasis were major prognostic factors for SPT. Conclusion SPT is a tumor of low-grade malignancy and may be derived from multipotent stem cells. SPT most frequently affects young female, and has distinct clinicopathologic manifestation with excellent prognosis after surgical treatment.     

Pancreatic metastases from ductal and lobular carcinomas of the breast

The pancreas is an uncommon target for metastases from other primary tumours. We discuss clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of pancreatic metastases through presentation of two surgically treated cases of metastases originating from breast cancer.     

Adenocarcinoma and concomitant intraductal papillary adenoma in the pancreas.

A 72-year-old man was found to have a 12 mm solid lesion in the pancreatic tail and an 8 mm cystic lesion in the body of the pancreas by computed tomography carried out during a routine follow-up study of his adult-onset diabetes mellitus. A distal pancreatectomy was performed revealing the pancreas to have an adenocarcinoma in the tail and a conglomeration of intraductal papillary adenoma in the body. A review of the literature disclosed similar coexistences of cystadenoma and carcinoma in four patients, none of which was documented with preoperative imaging features such as we had.     

胰头癌切除术患者预后相关因素分析

目的 探讨影响胰头癌根治性切除术患者预后的相关因素,以期提高胰腺癌患者的生存率.方法 回顾性分析1997年1月至2002年12月间住院的134例接受根治性切除(RO)手术的胰头癌患者,采用单因素及多因素Cox比例风险回归模型,分析影响胰头癌切除术后患者预后的相关因素.结果 134例胰头癌患者中,47例(35.1%)行胰头十二指肠切除术,58例(43.3%)行扩大胰十二指肠切除术,29例(21.6%)行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术.有109例(81.3%)患者在观察期内出现复发,其中72例为腹膜后合并远处转移.134例患者术后平均生存期为24.7个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为67.1%、38.5%和17.6%.单因素分析显示,腰背部疼痛、CA19-9水平、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移状况和血管受侵状况为影响预后的相关因素;多因素分析显示,腰背部疼痛、肿瘤直径>2 cm、淋巴结受侵及血管受侵是患者预后不佳的相关因素.结论 胰头癌术后患者的预后与腰背部疼痛、肿瘤直径>2 cm、淋巴结受侵及血管受侵有关,这对胰腺癌手术预后判定和合理的外科治疗具有一定的临床指导意义.     

胰头癌切除术患者预后相关因素分析

目的 探讨影响胰头癌根治性切除术患者预后的相关因素,以期提高胰腺癌患者的生存率.方法 回顾性分析1997年1月至2002年12月间住院的134例接受根治性切除(RO)手术的胰头癌患者,采用单因素及多因素Cox比例风险回归模型,分析影响胰头癌切除术后患者预后的相关因素.结果 134例胰头癌患者中,47例(35.1%)行胰头十二指肠切除术,58例(43.3%)行扩大胰十二指肠切除术,29例(21.6%)行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术.有109例(81.3%)患者在观察期内出现复发,其中72例为腹膜后合并远处转移.134例患者术后平均生存期为24.7个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为67.1%、38.5%和17.6%.单因素分析显示,腰背部疼痛、CA19-9水平、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移状况和血管受侵状况为影响预后的相关因素;多因素分析显示,腰背部疼痛、肿瘤直径>2 cm、淋巴结受侵及血管受侵是患者预后不佳的相关因素.结论 胰头癌术后患者的预后与腰背部疼痛、肿瘤直径>2 cm、淋巴结受侵及血管受侵有关,这对胰腺癌手术预后判定和合理的外科治疗具有一定的临床指导意义.     

胰头癌切除术患者预后相关因素分析

目的 探讨影响胰头癌根治性切除术患者预后的相关因素,以期提高胰腺癌患者的生存率.方法 回顾性分析1997年1月至2002年12月间住院的134例接受根治性切除(RO)手术的胰头癌患者,采用单因素及多因素Cox比例风险回归模型,分析影响胰头癌切除术后患者预后的相关因素.结果 134例胰头癌患者中,47例(35.1%)行胰头十二指肠切除术,58例(43.3%)行扩大胰十二指肠切除术,29例(21.6%)行保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术.有109例(81.3%)患者在观察期内出现复发,其中72例为腹膜后合并远处转移.134例患者术后平均生存期为24.7个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为67.1%、38.5%和17.6%.单因素分析显示,腰背部疼痛、CA19-9水平、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移状况和血管受侵状况为影响预后的相关因素;多因素分析显示,腰背部疼痛、肿瘤直径>2 cm、淋巴结受侵及血管受侵是患者预后不佳的相关因素.结论 胰头癌术后患者的预后与腰背部疼痛、肿瘤直径>2 cm、淋巴结受侵及血管受侵有关,这对胰腺癌手术预后判定和合理的外科治疗具有一定的临床指导意义.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的临床特点及预后分析

Objective To study the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features, histogenesis and biological behavior, clinical treatment and pronosis of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas ( SPT). Methods Routine HE and immunohistochemical (SP) stainings were used in the pathological examination of 18 cases of SPT. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. All the 18 postoperative patients were followed-up for 3 months to 10 years with an average of 29.2 months.Results There were 16 females and 2 males, age ranging from 9 to 65 years with mean age of 25.3 years. Abdominal pain and palpable mass were among the major complains. Tumors were encapsulated and mixed with solid and cystic tissues. Histological features were pseudopapillary structure with a fibrovascular core. Immunhistologically, most tumors were positive for α-AT, α-ACT and Vim, with a high percentage of 94.4%. The eighteen cases were followed-up from 3 to 120 months. Five cases received reoperation after recurence, and 14 cases were alive. Maximum survival time was 121 months and the minimum survival time was 3 months, with a median survival time of 23.0 months. The 5-year survival rate was 72.2%. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patient's age,tumor size, pathologic features, metastasis were major prognostic factors for SPT. Conclusion SPT is a tumor of low-grade malignancy and may be derived from multipotent stem cells. SPT most frequently affects young female, and has distinct clinicopathologic manifestation with excellent prognosis after surgical treatment.