胰腺癌患者外周血CD4-CD8-T细胞与IL-4、IFN-γ的关系

目的 研究胰腺癌患者外周血CD4-CD8-T细胞比例与IL-4、IFN-γ含量变化及其相互关系.方法 分别应用流式细胞仪及ELISA法检测25例胰腺癌患者和45名健康人外周血中CD4-CD8-T细胞比例和IL-4、IFN-γ的含量.结果 25例胰腺癌患者CD4-CD8-T细胞占CD3+T细胞的比例为(4.2±1.7)%,45名健康人CD4-CD8-T细胞占CD3+T细胞的比例为(6.3±2.6)%,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).胰腺癌患者外周血中IL-4含量为(86.3±23.3)fg/L,健康对照组外周血中IL-4含量为(56.2±9.2)fg/L,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).胰腺癌患者外周血中IFN-γ含量为(16.4±4.8)fg/L,健康对照组外周血中IFN-γ含量为(27.4±3.8)fg/L,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).胰腺癌患者手术后CD4-CD8-T细胞比例显著高于术前(P＜0.01).胰腺癌患者外周血CD4-CD8-T细胞比例与IL-4含量呈负相关,与IFN-γ含量呈正相关;胰腺癌患者CD4-CD8-T细胞比例、IL-4含量与肿瘤临床分期有关(P＜0.05),与肿瘤分化程度均无关(P＞0.05),IFN-γ含量与肿瘤临床分期和肿瘤分化程度均无关(P＞0.05).结论 CD4-CD8-T细胞在胰腺癌患者外周血中比例降低,CD4-CD8-T细胞可能通过影响IFN-γ的分泌参与胰腺癌的发生和发展.     

胰腺癌患者手术前后CD4-CD8-T细胞比例与IL-4,IFN-γ含量的关系

目的研究胰腺癌患者手术前后外周血CD4-CD8-T细胞比例与IL-4、IFN-γ含量变化及其相互关系。方法分别应用流式细胞仪及ELISA法检测胰腺癌患者手术前后外周血中CD4-CD8-T细胞比例与IL-4、IFN-γ含量。结果20例胰腺癌患者术前CD4-CD8-T细胞占CD3 T细胞的比例为(4.13%±1.81%),术后CD4-CD8-T细胞占CD3 T细胞的比例为(6.11%±1.40%),两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。胰腺癌患者术前外周血中IL-4含量为(90.29±24.99)pg/ml,术后外周血中IL-4含量为(71.43±8.39)pg/ml,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术前外周血中IFN-γ含量为(15.79±5.90)pg/ml,术后外周血中IFN-γ含量为(20.08±6.60)pg/ml,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论胰腺癌患者手术前后CD4-CD8-T细胞比例变化可能影响IL-4、IFN-γ含量的变化,胰腺癌患者手术前后测定CD4-CD8-T细胞比例、IL-4、IFN-γ含量对判断机体的免疫水平具有一定的参考价值。     

胰腺癌患者外周血CD4-CD8-T细胞及白细胞介素-2、-6、-7水平测定的研究

目的 检测60例胰腺癌患者及60例正常人外周血CD4-CD8-T细胞及白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-6、IL-7水平,探讨其与胰腺癌的关系.方法 采用流式细胞仪检测60例胰腺癌患者外周血CD4 - CD8 -T细胞水平;酶联免疫吸附试验( ELISA)法检测60例胰腺癌患者外周血清IL-2、IL-6、IL-7水平,并与60名健康人群进行对照比较.结果 胰腺癌患者外周血CD4 - CD8 -T细胞占CD3+T细胞的比例为(3.43±0.88)％,低于正常人群(5.66±1.23)％(P＜0.05);胰腺癌患者外周血中IL-2水平为(2.00 ±0.42) ng/L,低于正常对照组(5.50 ±0.64) ng/L(P＜0.05);IL-6水平为(210.68±10.82) ng/L,高于正常对照组(1.77 ±0.22) ng/L(P＜0.05);IL-7水平为(1.89±0.32) ng/L,低于正常对照组(6.35 ±0.56) ng/L(P ＜0.05).结论 胰腺癌患者外周血中CD4-CD8-T细胞的比例降低,IL-2、IL-7水平降低及IL-6水平升高可能与胰腺癌的发生有关.     

胃癌患者外周血调节性T细胞的变化及其意义

目的 探讨胃癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞、CD8+CD28-T淋巴细胞比例的变化及其临床意义.方法 采用流式细胞技术检测30例胃癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞、CD8+CD28-T淋巴细胞玎分比,对照组为30例慢件胃炎患者.结果 胃癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞占T淋巴细胞的百分比为8.7%±1.3%,与胃炎患者相比差异无统计学意义.胃癌患者外周血中CD8+CD28-调节性T细胞占T淋巴细胞的百分比为30.3%±3.3%,明显高于胃炎患者的20.3%±2.7%.外周血中CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞、CD8+CD28-T淋巴细胞百分比与胃癌淋巴结转移、病理分型无明显相关性.结论 外周血中调节性T细胞在胃癌发展中可能发挥一定作用.     

CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞在肝癌肝移植肿瘤复发中的作用

目的 探讨肝癌肝移植病人移植前后外周血和肿瘤组织中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞比例变化及其临床意义.方法 用流式细胞仪检测肝癌肝移植病人和其他肝移植病人术后外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞的比例,并采用正常人作对照.用免疫组化法检测肝癌病人和非肝癌病人肿瘤组织中FoxP3的表达及CD8+T细胞浸润的比例.观察肝癌肝移植病人术后及肿瘤复发后调节性T细胞的变化及其对肿瘤复发的影响.结果 流式细胞检测显示肝癌肝移植、非肝癌肝移植的病人术后外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例较正常人明显升高,分别为(10.15±1.00)%、(5.30±1.64)%和(3.20±1.18)%,P<0.05.肝癌肝移植肿瘤复发病人较未复发病人外周血CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T比例明显升高,分别为(15.15±1.50)%和(6.80±1.50)%,P<0.01.免疫组化检测显示肿瘤组织中FOXP3+T细胞增多,CD8+T细胞浸润明显减少.结论 肝癌肝移植肿瘤复发的病人外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞比例升高.调节性T细胞可能通过减少CD8+T细胞浸润,加速肿瘤复发.     

肝癌病人外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+调节性T淋巴细胞表达水平的临床研究

目的 了解CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T调节性T细胞在肝癌病人外周血中的表达水平并探讨其临床意义.方法 应用流式细胞术测定18例肝癌病人外周血CD4+CD25+FOXP3+调节性T细胞占CD4+T淋巴细胞百分比,并与26例l临床对照者和24例健康对照者进行比较.结果 肝癌病人外周血中CD4+CD25+T细胞占CD4+T细胞百分比(4.25%±3.98%)明显高于临床对照组(1.34%±1.14%)及健康对照组(1.29%±0.95%)(P＜0.01),而两个对照组之间并无显著性差异(P＞0.05).CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞在肝癌病人外周血所占CD4+T细胞比率(2.94%±0.91%)也较临床对照组(0.76%±0.34%)及健康对照组(0.81%±0.29%)显著升高(P＜0.001),且升高幅度强于CD4+CD25+T细胞水平,两个对照组之间并无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞是更为准确的调节性T细胞,其在肝癌病人外周血中表达水平明显升高,检测CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T水平对肝癌的预防治疗具有重要临床意义.     

中央记忆T细胞和效应记忆T细胞亚群在肝癌患者外周血中分布特点分析

【摘要】 目的 研究肝癌患者外周血中CD45RO+记忆T细胞(memory T cells, Tm)表面标志CD45RO、CD62L和CCR7的表达,以了解CD45RO+CD62L+CCR7+T细胞(中央型记忆T细胞, central memory T cells,TCM)和CD45RO+CD62L-CCR7-T细胞(效应型记忆T细胞,effector memory T cells, TEM)亚群在肝癌患者外周血中的分布特点。方法〓获取正常人健康志愿者(正常对照组)28例和2011年8月至2013年8月的初诊慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者(乙肝对照组)28例以及同期患有乙肝的肝癌患者(乙肝肝癌组)30例的外周静脉血,分离外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)。用多色流式细胞仪检测技术(polychromatic flow cytometry, PFC)检测外周血PBMC中记忆T淋巴细胞表面标志CD3、CD4、CD8、CD45RO、CD62L、CCR7的表达情况。结果〓乙肝肝癌组外周血PBMC中,CD4+T淋巴细胞和CD8+T淋巴细胞分别占外周血PBMC的比例显著高于乙肝对照组(28.15±12.32 VS 11.56±5.78,29.33±15.54 VS 13.11±6.64)(P<0.001,P=0.019);而较正常对照组无明显差异。乙肝肝癌组外周血PBMC的T淋巴细胞中CD4+TEM占CD4+T记忆淋巴细胞比例显著高于乙肝对照组、正常对照组(93.78±5.63 VS 75.82±19.74,93.78±5.63 VS 68.25±15.65)(P=0.001, P=0.018),而CD4+TCM则显著低于乙肝对照组、正常对照组(0.55±1.02 VS 4.87±6.28,0.55±1.02 VS 4.16±3.49)(P均小于<0.001)。三组的CD4+TEM记忆细胞占外周血PBMC中CD4+T记忆淋巴细胞的比例显著高于CD4+TCM记忆细胞占外周血PBMC中CD4+T记忆淋巴细胞的比例(91.78±5.63 VS 0.55±1.02,75.82±19.74 VS 4.87±6.28,68.25±15.65 VS 4.16±3.49)(P值均小于0.001)。乙肝肝癌组外周血PBMC的T淋巴细胞中CD8+TEM和CD8+TCM占CD8+T记忆淋巴细胞比例与乙肝对照组、正常对照组相比,差异均无显著意义。三组的CD8+TEM记忆细胞占外周血PBMC中CD8+T记忆淋巴细胞的比例显著高于CD8+TCM记忆细胞占外周血PBMC中CD8+T记忆淋巴细胞的比例(80.12±13.56 VS 3.25±2.47,79.21±11.34 VS 4.44±7.19,73.33±16.88 VS 2.66±3.10)(P值均小于0.001)。结论〓在乙肝肝癌组、乙肝对照组和正常对照组中,无论是CD4+T记忆淋巴细胞,还是CD8+T记忆淋巴细胞,均以TEM占绝大多数,而TCM比例很小。乙肝肝癌组中,CD4+TEM显著高于乙肝对照组和正常对照组,CD4+TCM显著低于乙肝对照组和正常对照组,而CD8+TEM和CD8+TCM则与乙肝对照组、正常对照组均无明显差异。     

原发性肝癌患者肿瘤浸润T淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的:了解原发性肝癌患者肿瘤浸润T淋巴细胞中CD4+及CD8+的表达特点。方法:收集30例原发性肝癌患者(均有乙型肝炎病毒感染背景)的癌组织(乙肝肝癌组)和癌旁组织(乙肝癌旁组)以及30例因良性病变而行肝切除的患者的新鲜肝组织(对照组),分离组织浸润淋巴细胞,用抗CD3、CD4和CD8单克隆抗体同时荧光染色,用流式细胞仪检测各表面标志的表达情况。结果:1)乙肝肝癌组、乙肝癌旁组及对照组CD3+CD4+T细胞占浸润淋巴细胞的比例分别为(22.31±3.68)%、(10.69±2.47)%及(4.21±4.26)%。乙肝肝癌组显著高于乙肝癌旁组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.001),乙肝癌旁组高于对照组,差异亦有统计学意义(P=0.019)。2)乙肝肝癌组、乙肝癌旁组及对照组CD3+CD8+T细胞占浸润淋巴细胞的比例分别为(26.10±5.82)%、(21.82±2.70)%及(41.31±14.01)%,乙肝肝癌组及乙肝癌旁组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.014,P=0.004),而乙肝肝癌组与乙肝癌旁组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.651)。3)乙肝肝癌组组织浸润淋巴细胞中CD3+CD4+T细胞与CD3+CD8+T细胞的比值为0.91±0.30,显著高于乙肝癌旁组(0.47±0.11,P=0.003)及对照组(0.11±0.13,P=0.000),CD3+CD4+与CD3+CD8+T细胞的比值出现失衡。结论:原发性肝癌患者肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞中T细胞亚群失调,表现为CD3+CD4+T细胞所占比例升高,CD3+CD8+T细胞所占的比例下降,CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+明显升高。     

CD4+CD25-T淋巴细胞转化为CD4-CD8-调节T细胞的体外实验研究

目的 探讨体外诱导和纯化CD4+ CD25-T淋巴细胞(effector T cell,Teff)转化为CD4-CD8-双阴性调节T细胞(double negative regulatory T cell,DN Treg)的最适条件.方法 采用免疫磁珠分选方法提取C57BL/6小鼠的CD4+ CD25-T淋巴细胞、DBA/2小鼠的成熟树突状细胞共培养,加入不同剂量的IL-2,通过流式细胞检测CD4-CD8-T细胞的转化比例并确定最适条件,免疫磁珠阴性选择分选提纯转化的CD3+ CI4-CD8-T细胞,流式细胞仪检测转化的CD4-CD8-调节T细胞对CD4+ CD25-效应T细胞增殖抑制情况.结果 CD4+ CD25-T淋巴细胞与DBA/2小鼠的树突状细胞共培养6d后检测CD4-CD8-调节T细胞的转化比率为6.21％ ±2.03％,实验组加入不同浓度IL-2的转化率:A组(25 ng/ml)为14.77％±2.15％,B组(50 ng/ml)为21.29％±2.68％,C组(75 ng/ml)为43.45％ ±4.45％,D组(100 ng/ml)为28.59％±3.05％,IL-2浓度在75 ng/ml时,转化获得率最高(C组与对照组、实验A、B、D组比较分别t=10.700,8.288,6.158,3.932,均P＜0.05);分离提纯CD4-CD8-双阴性调节细胞纯度达到98.10％,CD4-CD8-双阴性调节细胞与CFSE染色的CD4+ CD25-T淋巴细胞、小鼠树突状细胞共培养6d,实验组增殖指数为1.15明显低于对照组2.07.结论 小鼠CD4+ CW25-T淋巴细胞在体外,成熟树突状细胞刺激下可转化为CD4-CD8-双阴性调节T细胞,IL-2可显著提高其转化率.     

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD27和CD28的表达

目的分析慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD27和CD28的表达,初步探讨其分化表型。方法采集分离健康人和慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),利用多种荧光标记抗体标记细胞表面分子,再用流式细胞仪检测CD8 和CD4 T淋巴细胞表面CD27和CD28分子的表达。结果31例慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者CD8 CD27 CD28 T细胞占CD8 T细胞(41.13±24.89)%,低于28例健康对照组的(71.93±14.47)%(P<0.05)。而CD8 CD27-CD28-T细胞占CD8 T细胞(42.16±10.98)%,显著高于健康对照组的(9.16±5.24)%(P<0.01)。慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者CD4 CD27 CD28 T细胞(80.89±7.93)%和健康对照组(83.17±8.31)%比较,差异无统计学意义。结论健康人外周血T淋巴细胞以CD27 CD28 早期分化表型为主。而慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血中不同的亚群分化特征又有所不同,CD4 T淋巴细胞的分化表型仍然以CD27 CD28 早期分化表型为主,而CD8 T淋巴细胞中早期分化表型明显减少,晚期分化表型(CD27-CD28-)显著增加。     

Aggressive skin allograft rejection in CD28-/- mice independent of the CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway.

CD28-/- mice have been utilized to study the role of B7/CD28 and B7-CTLA4 interactions. There is evidence that CTLA4 ligation may be critical for tolerance induction. The aim of the current study is to further investigate rejection responses of CD28-/- mice and to define the role of B7-CTLA4 interactions in the absence of the CD40 and CD28 pathways. Balb/c skin allografts were transplanted onto C57BL/6 (B6) wild type or CD28-/- mice treated with anti-CD40L, CTLA4-Ig, or combination blockade. To investigate the cellular mechanism of rejection in CD28-/- recipients, mice were treated with anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibodies prior to treatment with costimulation blockade. The fluoroscein dye CFSE was utilized to study T cell expansion in vivo. Surprisingly, treatment of B6 CD28-/- mice with CTLA4-Ig alone (MST 12d), anti-CD40L alone (MST 13d), or combined blockade (MST 13d) had no effect on allograft survival compared to untreated B6 CD28 mice (MST 11d). CD28-/- recipients depleted of CD4+ cells and treated with CTLA4-Ig, anti-CD40L, or combination blockade also did not have prolonged survival compared with untreated mice (MST 10d). In contrast, CD28-/- recipients depleted of CD8+ cells had markedly prolonged allograft survival when treated with either anti-CD40L alone (MST 49d) or with combination blockade (MST 57d). Studies utilizing CFSE demonstrated that CD28-/- CD8+ T cells are not defective in in vivo proliferation responses compared with wild type CD8 cells. Thus, CD28-/- CD8+ T cells are responsible for aggressive rejection responses of CD28-/- mice independent of the CD40 pathway. In addition, CD40L blockade does not result in CD4+ T cell tolerance in CD28 recipients, despite an intact B7-CTLA4 pathway.     

Induction of xenoreactive CD4+ T-cell anergy by suppressor CD8+CD28- T cells

BACKGROUND: The underlying mechanism of immune suppression mediated by regulatory T cells is not completely understood. In previous studies we have shown that antigen-specific human T suppressor cells (Ts) can be generated in vitro by multiple rounds of stimulation with allogeneic, xenogeneic, or antigen-pulsed autologous antigen-presenting cells (APC). Human Ts express the CD8+CD28- phenotype and require specific recognition of MHC class I/peptide complexes on the surface of APC to block proliferation of T helper cells (Th). The aim of the present study was to explore the activation requirements of Ts as well as the nature of Th unresponsiveness to xenogeneic (swine) antigens induced by Ts. METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated whether specific antigenic stimulation of Ts is required for their ability to inhibit early activation of xenoreactive Th (up-regulation of CD40 ligand). Flow cytometry studies indicated that Ts function required specific recognition of MHC class I on the surface of the stimulating APC. However, neither proliferation nor protein synthesis was required for the ability of Ts to inhibit Th. Ts drastically reduced the capacity of xenoreactive Th cells to produce interleukin (IL)-2 in response to the specific APC, without affecting their surface expression of IL-2 receptor. The suppressor effect that Ts exerted on Th proliferation could not be circumvented by CD40 ligation on the surface of the APC but could be reversed by the addition of exogenous IL-2. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that Ts induce anergy of xenoreactive human Th cells upon specific recognition of MHC class I antigens. Hence, Ts may prevent the activation of T cell-mediated immune responses against xenogeneic transplants.     

Expansion of cytolytic CD4+CD28- T cells in end-stage renal disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity is associated with increased risk for atherosclerotic disease in patients with end-stage renal disease. This association is due to a unique peripheral blood CD4(+) T cell population which lack CD28 (CD4(+)CD28(-) T cells). Here we found that this patient population has a significant age-dependent increase of CD4(+)CD28(-) T cells that comprise over half of the circulating CD4 T cells in some. Patients over 50 years of age have a 50-fold higher percentage of CD4(+)CD28(-) T cells compared to seronegative patients and a 5-fold higher percentage when compared to seropositive healthy controls. Stimulation by CMV-antigen or by polyclonal stimulation using PMA and ionomycin showed that CD4(+)CD28(-) cells in patients with end stage renal disease degranulated and secreted interferon gamma thus indicating that they are cytolytic. The average anti-CMV IgG titer displayed a remarkable age-dependent increase only in patients with end stage renal disease. These findings are highly suggestive of repetitive antigenic stimulation of the immune system in patients with end stage disease by subclinical CMV reactivation which might contribute to increased atherosclerotic risk.     

CD44+/CD24-/low在乳腺癌中表达及其临床意义

目的 观察乳腺癌中CD44+/CD24-/low的表达与临床病理特征的关系及其对预后的影响.方法 应用双染免疫组织化学检测144例乳腺癌与30例乳腺良性肿瘤或正常乳腺组织中CD44+/CD24-/low的表达,收集并分析患者的临床病理和随访资料.结果 CD44+/CD24-/low在乳腺良性肿瘤或正常乳腺中表达率为0%～8%,乳腺癌中表达率为0%～75%.67例(46.5%)乳腺癌患者CD44+/CD24-/low表型的细胞>10%,余77例(53.5%)≤10%.CD44+/CD24-/low的表达高低在淋巴结转移(P<0.01)、病理分期(P<0.01)、HER-2表达(P<0.01)以及复发(P<0.01)上差异有统计学意义.CD44+/CD24-/low高表达的肿瘤复发时主要表现为远处转移,尤其是骨转移.CD44+/CD24-/low高表达和低表达的5年无病生存率为65%和82%(P<0.01),5年总生存率为68%和86%(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义.结论 CD44+/CD24-/low的表达可能与乳腺癌的转移有关,有可能作为评估乳腺癌患者预后的参考指标.     

D2-40、CD31、CD34在脾脏脉管瘤中的表达及意义

目的 探讨脾脏脉管瘤的病理形态特征、形成原因及鉴别诊断.方法 对7例脾脏脉管瘤病例进行病理形态观察,EnVision法进行免疫组织化学染色.结果 7例脾脏脉管瘤中,2例为血管瘤,脉管内皮细胞CD31、CD34表达阳性;2例淋巴管瘤,脉管内皮细胞D2-40表达阳性;3例血管淋巴管瘤,D2-40在淋巴管内皮细胞表达阳性,CD31、CD34在血管内皮细胞表达阳性.结论 脾脏脉管瘤是少见肿瘤,免疫表型D2-40、CD31、CD34检查阳性,对脾脏脉管诊断有较高价值.