ICON渗透树脂修复人工釉质龋白斑的效果研究

目的：评价ICON渗透树脂修复人工釉质龋白斑的效果。方法：选取因正畸而拔除的前磨牙28颗,制备人工釉质龋后,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用ICON渗透树脂修复人工釉质龋白斑,对照组采用涂氟处理,测量并比较釉质龋白斑修复后的表面微硬度和龋白斑面积减少百分比,最后采用SPSS17．0软件进行统计分析。结果：治疗修复后实验组釉质龋的表面微硬度值显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;修复后实验组龋白斑所占面积百分比低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：ICON渗透树脂能提高人工釉质龋白斑表面的微硬度,并能大大降低龋白斑的面积百分比,推荐临床使用。     

釉质瓷的临床应用

作者应用釉质瓷为１０１例患者作了全冠，固定桥修复，共制作各类修复体１９１件，成功率９７．９％，取得满意修复效果。釉质瓷具有优越的物理性能，美学效果好，不需金属基底物，操作简便，修复体精确度高，本文还就釉质瓷的操作要点，注意事项等进行了讨论。     

光固化树脂修复中不同垫底材料比较

光固化树脂修复中不同垫底材料比较铁道部第三工程局中心医院（０３０００６）郑虹光北京铁路局太原分局中心医院薛志国釉质发育不全，氟斑牙，四环素牙，变色牙及严重的发育畸形牙常可形成不同程度的釉质缺损、间隙和颜色的改变。这可影响患者面容的美观，还可给患者造成...     

釉质瓷作种植固定义齿修复材料的临床疗效初步观察

目的：评价釉质瓷在种植义齿固定修复中应用的临床效果。方法：应用釉质瓷作种植义齿上部结构固定修复材料,共为３１位种植义齿修复患者制作了４９件Ｔａｒｇｉｓ／Ｖｅｃｔｒｉｓ固定修复体。结果：４９件修复体取得了满意的临床效果,优良率达９６％。结论：釉质瓷制作简便,在种植固定义齿修复中应用有一定优点。     

电化学人工釉质龋和早期光滑面釉质龋组织病理学比较

为进一步研究电化学人工龋模型和龋病的关系，我们采用生物显微镜和扫描电子显微镜等手段，对体外形成的电化学人工釉和早期光滑面釉质龄的组织病理学进行了对比观察。结果表明电化学人工釉质龋在生物显微镜下和早期光滑面釉质龋一样形成以表层下脱矿为主要特征的病理改变，电化学人工釉质龋在扫描电子显微镜下主要表现为釉柱的釉柱的核心脱矿溶解，这亦和早期光滑面釉质龋相似。因此本研究结果提示二者有着十分相似的病理特点和病变     

牙釉质人工龋样病损的偏光和显微硬度分析

本研究采用乳酸系凝脏对人牙釉质制作人工龋损病变模型，并用人工唾液进行再矿化实验，然后采用偏光、显微硬度凋量等手段，对病损的组织学和釉质矿化程度改变进行了分析研究，结果表明人工釉质龋损最早期的变化是微晶的溶解，表层和暗层结构的形成与病损再矿化有关，当釉质脱矿达到一定程度时，则不易发生完全的再矿化。     

釉质内肩台预备加直接树脂充填修复前牙切端切角缺损的临床效果研究

目的观察釉质内肩台预备加直接树脂充填修复前牙切端切角缺损的临床疗效。方法选取2017年9月-2018年4月就诊于潍坊市人民医院口腔医院行前牙切端切角缺损修复患者60例,共98颗患牙,随机分为试验组与对照组。试验组49颗患牙制备釉质内肩台后复合树脂充填,对照组49颗制备釉质短斜面后复合树脂修复,在修复后3、6、12个月对树脂修复体进行评价。结果两组患牙修复后3个月的临床疗效比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);修复后6个月及1年,对照组的修复体脱落率高于试验组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论釉质内肩台预备加直接树脂充填修复前牙切端切角缺损的方法术后脱落率低且并发症少。     

应用牙本质粘合剂和复合树脂修复楔状缺损的临床评价

为研究采用牙本质粘合剂和复合树脂与仅用釉质粘合剂和复合树脂修复牙颈部楔状缺损的临床效果评价，进一步为临床应用牙本质粘合剂，提供参考资料。作者对１９例患者１００颗牙髓活力正常的牙颈部楔状缺损进行了修复。每名患者口腔中的一侧牙齿作实验组，另一侧作对照组，按随机方法左右交替。实验组采用Ｇｌｕｍａ牙本质粘合剂作粘结剂共修复４９颗牙，对照组应用Ｄｕｒａｆｉｌ釉质粘合剂作粘结剂共修复５１颗牙。两组修复用的复合树脂均采用Ｄｕｒａｆｉｌ复合树脂。经２年临床观察用改良的美国公共健康部制定评定系统（ＵＳＰＨＳ）临床直接评定标准评价，结果表明：实验组的总疗效、固位效果及边缘密合性均明显优于对照组，两组比较，各项差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。这提示用牙本质粘合剂和复合树脂修复楔状缺损，可以明显提高修复体的临床效果。     

无填料树脂预防釉质脱矿的实验研究

目的：探讨无填料树脂预防釉质脱矿的作用，为临床应用提供实验依据。方法：采用酸性凝胶系统进行体外人工龋损实验，对实验组和对照组形成的人工龋损拍摄显微放射照片，用计算机图象分析系统对显微放射照片进行龋损深度和脱矿量的测定。结果：实验组所形成的釉质人工龋损深度和脱矿量均明显低于对照组，但未见显著性差异。结论：使用无填料树脂可能是正畸临床上可行的降低釉质脱矿的方法之一。     

贵金属烤瓷冠在临床的应用效果

临床常见许多釉质发育不全、四环素色牙的患者，要求改变前牙的美观。不仅要求修复体要有一定的咀嚼、发音功能，更注重义齿修复后的质量、外观形态以及与患者口内余牙、面型、肤色是否协调提出了更高的要求。为此，近年来我们推出贵金属烤瓷冠用于临床修复的需要。材料与方法1     

Root canal adhesive filling in dogs' teeth with or without coronal restoration: a histopathological evaluation

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vivo the response of the periradicular tissues after endodontic treatment and root filling with Epiphany/Resilon (Penntron Clinical Technologies, LLC, Wallingford, CT) or gutta percha and new Sealapex (SybronEndo, Glendora, CA) in dogs' teeth with or without coronal restoration. Teeth without coronal restorations were used to assess the influence of continuous exposure to the oral environment on the periradicular tissues. Sixty root canals with vital pulps in three dogs were instrumented and obturated in a single session and randomly assigned to one of four groups as follows. group 1: root canal filling with Epiphany/Resilon with coronal restoration, group 2: root canal filling with Sealapex sealer and gutta percha with restoration, group 3: root canal filling with Epiphany/Resilon without restoration, and group 4: root canal filling with Sealapex sealer and gutta percha without coronal restoration. After 90 days, the animals were euthanized, and the maxillas and mandibles were removed and submitted for histologic processing. Longitudinal sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Mallory's trichrome, and Brown and Brenn stains and examined under light microscopy. There were significant differences found between the four groups (p < 0.05). The results showed that roots canals filled with Epiphany/Resilon, with coronal restoration, had significantly less periradicular inflammation than roots canals filled with gutta percha and Sealapex, with coronal restoration (p = 0.021). No significant difference was observed in the intensity of inflammation between roots canals filled with Epiphany/Resilon with no restoration and roots filled with gutta percha and Sealapex with restoration (p = 0.269). Roots canals filled with gutta percha and Sealapex sealer without coronal restoration showed the greatest degree of periradicular inflammation.     

Treatment of chronic sialadenitis by intraductal penicillin or saline.

PURPOSE: We sought to describe the treatment of chronic sialadenitis by intraductal penicillin or saline. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 32 males and 23 females with chronic submandibular sialadenitis aged 12 to 65 years and 16 males and 11 females with chronic parotitis aged 8 to 65 years who were treated by intraductal instillation of penicillin or saline. RESULTS: In the patients with submandibular sialadenitis, 44 patients treated with penicillin and 11 treated with saline became symptom free; symptoms recurred in 3 treated with penicillin, of whom 2 became symptom free after further instillations and 1 after removal of a sialolith at the ductal orifice; and follow-up of 22 patients verified that 18 treated with penicillin and 4 with saline had been symptom free for 1 to 15 years and 1 to 3 years, respectively. In the patients with parotitis, 18 patients treated with penicillin, 8 treated with saline, and 1 treated with both became symptom free; symptoms recurred in 1 treated with penicillin and 1 with saline, both of whom became symptom free after further instillations; and follow-up of 15 patients verified that 11 treated with penicillin, 3 with saline, and 1 with both had been symptom free for 1 to 14 years, 2 to 12 years, and 3 years, respectively. CONCLUSION: The intraductal instillation of penicillin or saline is a simple and surprisingly successful technique for the treatment of chronic sialadenitis.     

The prevalence of apraxia characteristics in patients with velocardiofacial syndrome as compared with other cleft populations.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the oral-motor function of children with a history of cleft lip and palate, cleft palate only, velocardiofacial syndrome, and children with normal oral structures to determine if children with velocardiofacial syndrome have more apraxia characteristics than the other populations have. DESIGN: The Apraxia Profile (Hickman, 1997) was administered to all participants in a prospective study. SETTING: The investigation was conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS: In this study, 10 children with cleft lip and palate, 10 with cleft palate only, 7 with velocardiofacial syndrome, and 47 with normal structures were tested. RESULTS: This study revealed that when compared with children with normal structures, children with cleft lip and palate did not demonstrate significant apraxia characteristics, children with cleft palate only demonstrated some apraxia characteristics, and children with velocardiofacial syndrome demonstrated the most apraxia characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a high prevalence of apraxia characteristics in the speech of patients with velocardiofacial syndrome. This information has implications for the type of treatment recommended. Further investigation is warranted with a larger patient population and a focus on the association of abnormal brain structure with apraxia in this population.     

Guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate level in plasma of patients with cancer and various diseases.

Guanosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) in the plasma of normal persons and patients with lung or breast cancer and other kinds of neoplasma or other diseases was determined using radioimmunoassay. In comparison with normal persons, significant elevation occurred in the cGMP in the plasma of patients with various kinds of cancer or renal insufficiency. The average cGMP values in the plasma of eight normal persons, 16 patients with lung cancer, 16 patients with breast cancer, five patients with oesophagus cancer, three patients with liver cancer, three patients with stomach cancer, ten patients with renal insufficiency and two patients with myocardial infarction, were respectively 3.46, 9.05, 5.39, 5.42, 7.33, 11.66, 19.55, and 8.0 pmol per ml of plasma. There was no elevation in the cGMP in the plasma of the patients with other diseases studied.     

Oral care and sensory sensitivities in children with autism spectrum disorders

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are at high risk for oral disease. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of sensory processing problems to challenges in receiving oral care for children with ASD. A questionnaire was sent to the parents of 206 children with disabilities to test the hypotheses that children with ASD, relative to children with other disabilities, experience greater difficulty with home‐based and professional oral care, and that these difficulties may relate in part to sensory processing problems. The results partially supported these hypotheses. Compared to children with other disabilities, those with ASD had greater behavioral difficulties and sensory sensitivities that parents believed interfered with their child’s oral care. Among children with ASD, sensory sensitivities were associated with oral care difficulties in the home and dental office, and with behavioral difficulties in the dental office. Utilizing strategies to modify the sensory environment may help facilitate oral care in children with ASD.     

The Sociodemographic Characteristics,Periodontal Health Status,and Subgingival Microbiota of Patients With Chronic Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case‐Control Study in a Chinese Population

Background: In China, chronic periodontitis (CP) is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study is to identify the sociodemographic characteristics associated with such patients and to assess the periodontal health status and subgingival microbiota of patients with CP and T2DM (T2DMCP) in the Chinese population. Methods: A total of 150 patients with T2DMCP and 306 patients with CP without any systemic disease completed questionnaires, underwent clinical periodontal examinations and participated in diabetes‐related parameter examinations. Subgingival plaques were obtained to determine the prevalence and amounts of selected oral bacterial species using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real‐time PCR, respectively. Results: The income level and mean body mass index (BMI) of the patients with T2DMCP were significantly higher than those of the patients with CP. Additionally, the patients with T2DMCP were more likely to be urban residents, and they had significantly more severe periodontitis than did the patients with CP. In the patients with T2DMCP, the prevalence and amounts of Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were significantly higher than those in the patients with CP. Finally, compared with the patients with CP, the patients with T2DMCP had a significantly lower prevalence and amount of Prevotella intermedia. Conclusions: Compared with the patients with CP, the patients with T2DMCP were more likely to be urban residents and generally had higher incomes, higher mean BMI, and poorer periodontal health status. Higher levels of T. denticola and T. forsythia and lower levels of P. intermedia were identified in the subgingival plaque of the patients with T2DMCP.     

Computer-assisted morphological analysis of dental casts with maxillary prognathism and reversed occlusion

The morphologic characteristics of the dentition with maxillary prognathism and reversed occlusion were examined by a computer-assisted dental cast analysing system. Dental casts with normal occlusion, maxillary prognathism and reversed occlusion were selected and measured by a 3D shape measuring system. The dental arches and anteroposterior occlusal curves were approximated numerically by the polynomial expression with a fourth order and second order coefficients, respectively. The coefficients were analysed statistically. Maxillary dental arches with mandibular prognathism showed a more acuminate shape (V-shape) with a significant larger second order coefficient, while arches with reversed occlusion showed more angulate shapes (U-shape) with significantly smaller second order coefficients compared with arches with normal occlusions. However, a notable difference in the shape of the mandibular dental arches was not observed. The mandibular dental arches with maxillary prognathism were positioned backward relative to maxillary dental arches, while the arches with reversed occlusion were positioned forward. The anteroposterior occlusal curves with maxillary prognathism showed larger curvatures in maxilla and mandible, while the curves with reversed occlusion showed smaller curvatures in mandible comparing with the curves with normal occlusion. These results suggest that the present method could offer a useful and objective examination technique for the diagnosis of malocclusion.     

前臂桡侧皮瓣与股前外侧皮瓣修复半舌缺损的比较研究

目的：分析比较前臂桡侧皮瓣与股前外侧皮瓣在修复半舌缺损后的舌功能恢复和供受区并发症情况。方法：2008年7月-2012年11月,23例舌癌患者接受肿瘤扩大切除,遗留的半舌缺损,14例采用前臂桡侧皮瓣修复,供区伤口取腹部全厚皮片移植修复;9例采用股前外侧皮瓣修复。术后4~6个月,对每例患者的吞咽功能、语言清晰度和供受区并发症等情况进行随访分析。结果：前臂桡侧皮瓣组和股前外侧皮瓣组患者吞咽功能和语言清晰度均恢复良好,两组之间无显著差异。在受区,前臂桡侧皮瓣组有1例出现全部皮瓣坏死;股前外侧皮瓣组有1例出现小部分皮瓣坏死,1例出现口颈瘘。在供区,前臂桡侧皮瓣组有4例出现移植皮片部分坏死,1例伤口部分裂开,12例出现明显的瘢痕,9例局部麻木,3例手臂功能障碍;股前外侧皮瓣组有1例局部麻木,1例出现明显的瘢痕,均未出现运动功能障碍。前臂桡侧皮瓣组供区并发症明显多于股前外侧皮瓣组。结论：股前外侧皮瓣可获得的血管蒂长、管径大、供区并发症少,是半舌缺损较理想的修复组织瓣。     

A comparison of growth impairment and orthodontic results in adult patients with clefts of palate and unilateral clefts of lip, palate and alveolus

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the long-term aesthetic and functional results of surgical and orthodontic treatment in patients with cleft palate and unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus. DESIGN: 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus and 30 patients with isolated cleft palate, mean age of 18.9 years, were evaluated by cephalometric and model analysis a mean of 1.5 years after orthodontic treatment. In each group the surgical treatment has been similar. RESULTS: Model analysis: The sum of every mesiodistal tooth diameter in the maxilla and in the mandible was recorded according to the Bolton analysis. Twenty patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate and alveolus had relatively large upper dental arches and nine had relatively large lower dental arches. Twenty-two patients with cleft palates had large upper dental arches and seven had large mandibular arches. Eleven patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus and 18 patients with cleft palate had a negative space supply (the sum of the mesiodistal tooth diameters compared with the sagittal length of the alveolar ridge) in the region of the lateral teeth. All patients had persistent transverse space deficits that were increased on the side of the cleft in patients with cleft lip, palate, and alveolus. These unilateral transversal space deficits were recorded in 22 patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus and in 8 patients with isolated cleft palate. Sagittal measurements were reduced in 26 patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus and in 23 patients with cleft palate alone. The alveolar midline of the maxilla and the mandible were displaced in 25 patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus and in 19 patients with isolated cleft palate. Lateral cephalometric analysis: The lateral cephalograms taken at the same time as the models showed a mean SNA of 76.8 degrees and a NL-NSL angle of 8.7 degrees, indications of a tendency towards maxillary retrognathia in patients with unilateral cleft lip, palate, and alveolus. Patients with cleft palate had a mean SNA of 79.6 degrees and NL-NSL angle of 8.1 degrees. The anterior facial vertical index was within normal limits in patients with cleft lip, palate, and alveolus (44% vs 56%). An anterior facial height index of 42% compared with 58% in patients with isolated cleft palate indicated a slight reduction in midface height with an increase in the lower face as a consequence. CONCLUSION: Orthodontic and surgical treatment can result in satisfactory results on model analysis. However, there is specific growth impairment of the maxilla 1.5 years after termination of orthodontic treatment and this influences the final cephalometric analysis, particularly in patients with cleft lip, palate, and alveolus.     

Reactive antibodies in sera from pubertal and adult gingivitis patients against various Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens

This study was undertaken to determine the immunodominant antigens from Porphyromonas gingivalis which reacted with sera from patients of pubertal and adult gingivitis. The patients with cultivable P. gingivalis and the patients without cultivable P. gingivalis were compared by immunoblots. Fifty subjects participated in this study: 20 with gingivitis, 20 periodontally healthy, and 10 with adult periodontitis. The groups with gingivitis and healthy periodontium each contained 10 pubescent subjects and 10 adult subjects. P. gingivalis was isolated from 9 of 20 patients with gingivitis and from all of 10 with periodontitis by culture study. Approximate molecular weight 43 KDa fimbriae antigen, 57, 53, 46, 28 KDa antigens from outer membrane, and 57, 44, 40, 18.5 KDa antigens from sonicated extracts of P. gingivalis reacted significantly more frequently with sera from the P. gingivalis culture-positive gingivitis patients than with sera from the culture-negative patients by Fisher's exact test. A molecular weight 75, 31 KDa antigen from outer membrane and a 46 KDa antigen from sonicated extract were immunodominant in sera from adult patients with periodontitis. These findings indicate that the specific antigens which reacted with sera from P. gingivalis culture-positive patients are markers of infection with P. gingivalis. Additionally, reactivity to antigens were slightly different between sera from patients with gingivitis and those from patients with periodontitis.