间充质干细胞在肿瘤发展过程中的作用

肿瘤间质在肿瘤发展过程中的作用逐渐受到人们的重视,作为肿瘤问质的重要组成成分之一,骨髓来源的间充质干细胞,在肿瘤的发生发展中有着不可忽视的作用。本文对问充质干细胞与肿瘤发生发展的研究进展作一综述。     

DNA甲基化与胃肠道肿瘤

在肿瘤形成过程中包含两大类机制，即遗传学机制和表遗传学机制、表遗传学修饰的DNA甲基化存胃肠道恶性忡瘤的发生、发展中起重要作用。若干肿瘤抑制基因启动子区域CpG岛超甲基化与胃肠道肿瘤的形成密切相关。肿瘤抑制基因甲基化的深入研究将对揭示胃肠道恶性肿瘤发生机制以及临床诊断和治疗起到重要作用。     

DNA甲基化与胃肠道肿瘤

在肿瘤形成过程中包含两大类机制,即遗传学机制和表遗传学机制.表遗传学修饰的DNA甲基化在胃肠道恶性肿瘤的发生、发展中起重要作用.若干肿瘤抑制基因启动子区域CpG岛超甲基化与胃肠道肿瘤的形成密切相关.肿瘤抑制基因甲基化的深入研究将对揭示胃肠道恶性肿瘤发生机制以及临床诊断和治疗起到重要作用.     

趋化因子CCL8与肿瘤发生发展的研究进展

趋化因子CCL8是趋化因子CC家族中的一员，可以在炎症反应和肿瘤免疫等方面发挥重要作用。近来许多研究数据表明，CCL8与人类肿瘤的发生发展密切相关，它在肿瘤微环境中扮演了不可或缺的角色，一方面CCL8可以促进肿瘤细胞的浸润转移，另一方面又可以抑制肿瘤的发生发展。本文主要阐述了目前研究发现的CCL8在肿瘤中的作用，包括肿瘤的发生发展、浸润转移等，以上研究不仅可以帮助我们更加深入的了解肿瘤形成的机制，而且对于寻找更加有效的肿瘤新疗法有着重要的意义。     

自噬与肿瘤

近期研究发现自噬不仅对细胞内自我平衡调节起着重要作用,而且在肿瘤的发生发展中起着双刃剑的作用。研究自噬的分子机制以及自噬与肿瘤的关系对肿瘤防治有重大意义。     

自噬与肿瘤

近期研究发现自噬不仅对细胞内自我平衡调节起着重要作用,而且在肿瘤的发生发展中起着双刃剑的作用.研究自噬的分子机制以及自噬与肿瘤的关系对肿瘤防治有重大意义.     

FOXF1基因在肿瘤中的研究进展

摘 要：肿瘤的发生发展与基因表达水平的改变有密切关系。FOXF1基因是具有重要生物学功能的一个基因,近年来研究发现,FOXF1基因在肿瘤的发生发展中也起重要的作用,但不同癌症组织中其具体作用机制有所差异。文章对FOXF1基因在肿瘤研究中的进展进行综述。     

肿瘤相关成纤维细胞对于免疫细胞的调节作用研究现状

肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(cancer-associated fibroblasts,CAFs)和肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞是肿瘤微环境(tu-mor microenvironment,TME)中重要的组成成分.二者在肿瘤微环境中相互通信,在肿瘤的发生和发展中发挥着重要作用.CAFs具有很大的异质性,不同的CAFs亚群存在着不同的功...     

生长因子Midkine家族与恶性肿瘤

生长因子是控制细胞分裂和增殖的重要因素,与肿瘤的发生和发展密切相关.Midkine家族是生长因子家族的新成员,研究表明其在肿瘤的发生和发展中具有重要作用.     

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的极化与肿瘤的发展

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）在肿瘤微环境中扮演重要角色,它包含了两种可以相互极化的亚型:M1型(经典活化巨噬细胞)和M2型（替代活化巨噬细胞）。M1型TAM发挥着抑制肿瘤生长的作用,而M2型TAM对肿瘤的发生发展起促进支持作用。在特定的肿瘤微环境中,M2型TAM占据主导地位,促进肿瘤的发展。基于肿瘤相关巨噬细胞两种亚型的功能特点,如何诱导M2型向M1型极化是目前的研究热点,也将是肿瘤治疗的一个重要靶点。     

NF-kappaB, inflammation and pancreatic carcinogenesis: NF-kappaB as a chemoprevention target (review)

Pancreatic cancer is the most deadly of all gastrointestinal malignancies with near zero five-year survival. This review summarizes our understanding of the potentially important role of inflammation in cancer in general and pancreatic cancer in particular. Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), a mediator of inflammatory responses, plays a significant role in carcinogenesis and is now emerging as a link between inflammation and cancer. NF-kappaB is activated in over two thirds of human pancreatic cancers; participates in early events of pancreatic carcinogenesis through its interactions with signaling pathways; and suppression of its activation restores pancreatic cell kinetics, mainly normalizing the suppressed apoptosis of pancreatic cancer. NF-kappaB is an excellent target for chemoprevention and its modulation for pancreatic cancer prevention appears promising. The next few years will likely expand our understanding of NF-kappaB biology; solidify NF-kappaB's role as a major link between chronic inflammation and pancreatic carcinogenesis; and witness the development of NF-kappaB-based approaches to pancreatic cancer prevention.     

Review article: loss of the calcium-sensing receptor in colonic epithelium is a key event in the pathogenesis of colon cancer

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is expressed abundantly in normal colonic epithelium and lost in colon cancer, but its exact role on a molecular level and within the carcinogenesis pathway is yet to be described. Epidemiologic studies show that inadequate dietary calcium predisposes to colon cancer; this may be due to the ability of calcium to bind and upregulate the CaSR. Loss of CaSR expression does not seem to be an early event in carcinogenesis; indeed it is associated with late stage, poorly differentiated, chemo-resistant tumors. Induction of CaSR expression in neoplastic colonocytes arrests tumor progression and deems tumors more sensitive to chemotherapy; hence CaSR may be an important target in colon cancer treatment. The CaSR has a complex role in colon cancer; however, more investigation is required on a molecular level to clarify its exact function in carcinogenesis. This review describes the mechanisms by which the CaSR is currently implicated in colon cancer and identifies areas where further study is needed.     

Genotype Frequencies of Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) Rare Polymorphisms for Japanese with and without Colorectal Cancer

Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) is an inducible enzyme synthesizing prostaglandins from arachidonic acid, which isthought to play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Since the COX2 polymorphisms, if functional, maymodify the carcinogenesis pathway, the associations between the reported polymorphisms and colorectal cancer riskwere examined in a hospital-based case-control study. Six polymorphisms of the gene encoding COX2 were genotypedfor 241 non-cancer individuals (controls) and 148 colorectal cancer patients (74 colon cancer, 73 rectal cancer, and 1colorectal cancer date, 22 polymorphisms including the above six have been reported for COX2. The otherpolymorphisms remain to be examined.     

Downregulation of metastasis suppressor 1(MTSS1) is associated with nodal metastasis and poor outcome in Chinese patients with gastric cancer

Background  

The putative tumor metastasis suppressor 1(MTSS1) is an actin-binding scaffold protein that has been implicated to play an important role in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis, yet its role in the development of gastric cancer has not been well illustrated. In this study, we detected MTSS1 expression and explored its clinical significance in gastric cancer.     

毛发鼻指(趾)综合征-1基因与肿瘤关系的研究进展

毛发鼻指(趾)综合征-1基因(TRPS1)是GATA转录因子家族成员之一,在多种组织中广泛表达,在调节细胞的增殖分化和组织的生长发育中发挥重要作用。TRPS1基因缺失可导致毛发鼻指(趾)综合征。近年来研究发现,TRPS1在乳腺癌、前列腺癌、骨肉瘤等多种肿瘤组织中异常表达,并且与肿瘤的发生、淋巴结转移、病理分级和临床分期有关。因此,TRPS1被认为是一种潜在的抑癌因子,其表达异常可能是导致肿瘤发生和发展的作用机制之一。本综述将阐述TRPS1基因在肿瘤发生发展中的研究进展,为肿瘤的临床诊断和预测肿瘤患者预后提供一个新的参考指标。     

Growth arrest-specific gene 6 and Axl signaling enhances gastric cancer cell survival via Akt pathway

Activation of tyrosine kinases is an important factor during cancer development. Axl, one of the receptor tyrosine kinases, binds to the specific ligand growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6), which encodes a vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamyl protein. Although many receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands are involved in gastric carcinogenesis, whether Gas6-Axl signaling is involved in gastric carcinogenesis has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Gas6 and Axl in gastric cancer and also their roles during gastric carcinogenesis. mRNA and protein of Gas6 and Axl were highly expressed in a substantial proportion of human gastric cancer tissue and cell lines, and Gas6 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. With recombinant Gas6 and a decoy-receptor of Axl in vitro, we demonstrated that Gas6-Axl signaling pathway enhanced cellular survival and invasion and suppressed apoptosis via Akt pathway. Our results suggests that Gas6-Axl signaling plays a role during gastric carcinogenesis, and that targeting Gas6-Axl signaling could be a novel therapeutic for gastric cancer.     

环氧化酶-2及p53在非小细胞肺癌中的表达与临床意义

研究表明肺癌发生、发展是多种癌基因和抑癌基因相互作用的结果。目前认为环氧合酶- 2(COX-2)参与肺癌的发生、发展、转移等多方面。p53基因是最重要的抑癌基因之一,p53缺失突变与肺癌的发生、发展有关。p53突变与COX-2在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的发生、发展中可能具有协同作用。     

The upregulation of miRNA-146a inhibited biological behaviors of ESCC through inhibition of IRS2

Tumor Biology - In recent years, microRNAs, also called as miRNAs, play an important role in carcinogenesis, and the dysregulation of miRNAs is closely associated with cancer progression. Till now,...