高海拔地区心衰患者地高辛浓度的测定

目的 :探讨高海拔地区心力衰竭患者血中地高辛浓度的变化 ;方法 :各种器质性心脏病伴心功能Ⅳ级 (心力衰竭Ⅲ )患者 2 3例 ,口服地高辛片 0 .2 5mg ,每日一次 ,连续服用 4周 ,测定其血液中地高辛的浓度 ,并观察临床表现及心电图改变 ;结果 :2 3例中地高辛血液浓度超过 2ng/ml(含 2ng/ml)者 7例 ,(1 .5～ 1 .9)ng/ml者 1 0例 ,(1 .0～ 1 .4)ng/ml者 5例 ,<1 .0ng/ml者 1例 ,其中显效 1 4例 ,有效 4例 ,无效 2例 ,出现洋地黄中毒表现者 3例 ;结论 :高海拔地区的患者易受环境、气候等多种因素的影响 ,故更应注意地高辛剂量的个体化。     

高效液相色谱法测定左氧氟沙星血药浓度

目的　建立测定左氧氟沙星血药浓度的高效液相色谱法。方法　色谱柱为YWG -C18柱 (10 μm ,2 0 0mm× 5mm) ,流动相为甲醇 -乙腈 - 0 .0 1mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾 - 0 .5mol·L-1溴化四丁基铵 (10∶10∶80∶4 ) ,磷酸调pH3.5 ;流速 1.0ml/min ,紫外检测波长 2 94nm。以替硝唑为内标 ,血样用乙酸乙酯萃取。结果　血清中左氧氟沙星浓度在 0 .0 5～ 4 .0mg·L-1范围内线性关系良好 (r =0 .99996 )。高、中、低 3个浓度的日内RSD <5 % ,日间RSD <6 %。平均回收率 99.33%± 4 .6 8% ,最低检测浓度 0 .0 2 5mg·L-1。结论　本方法简便 ,准确 ,精密度好 ,适用于临床药物动力学研究     

HPLC法测定湿疹净中霜公藤吉碱和苦参碱的含量

目的　建立湿疹净喷雾剂的质量控制标准。方法　采用HPLC法同时测定样品中雷公藤吉碱和苦参碱的含量。色谱条件 :HypersilODS色谱柱 (4.6× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm) ;流动相 :乙腈 - 0 .0 2mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠水溶液 (6∶4 ) ;流速 1ml/min ;检测波长2 10nm ;柱温 2 0℃ ;进样量 1～ 6 μl。结果　线性范围分别是 :雷公藤 0 .6 2 4～ 3.74 4 μg ,r =0 .9995 ;苦参碱 0 .88～ 5 .2 8μg,r =0 .9996。平均回收率 :雷公藤吉碱为 97.4 % ,RSD =1.5 1% ;苦参碱为 97.5 % ,RSD =1.15 %。结论　本方法测定结果准确、灵敏、重复性好     

HPLC法测定盐酸纳洛酮鼻腔喷雾剂的含量及有关物质

目的　建立HPLC法用于盐酸纳洛酮鼻腔喷雾剂的含量及有关物质测定。方法　色谱柱为ApolloODS (15 0× 4 .6 0mm ,5 μm) ;流动相为甲醇 -乙腈 - 0 .0 2mol·L-1的磷酸二氢钾 (1∶1∶8) ;流速 1.0ml/min ;检测波长 2 4 0nm ;外标法峰面积定量。结果　在该色谱条件下 ,中间体、辅料、分解产物等对主药测定无干扰 ;盐酸纳洛酮浓度在 10 .2～ 81.6 μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好 ,回归方程为Y =110 2 6 .4 1X - 1982 3.96 ,r =0 .9998;最低检出浓度为 5 0ng·ml-1;高、中、低三个浓度日内、日间的RSD在0 .4 9%～ 1.5 1%之间 ;重复性试验RSD为 0 .98% (n =9) ;样品的平均回收率为 99.92 % ,RSD为 0 .70 % (n =9)。结论　该法准确、可靠、重现性好 ,可用于盐酸纳洛酮鼻腔喷雾剂的含量及有关物质的测定     

RP—HPLC法同时测定氯地滴眼液中氯霉素与地塞米松磷酸钠的含量

目的　建立测定氯地滴眼液中氯霉素和地塞米松磷酸钠含量的反相高效液相色谱法。方法　在Hypersil(2 5 0mm× 4 .6mm ,5 μm)色谱柱上 ,以甲醇 - 0 .0 5mol·L-1醋酸钠缓冲液 (pH =4 .0 ) (40∶6 0 )为流动相 ,紫外检测波长 2 4 0nm ,外标法定量。结果　同时测定 2组分的含量 ;氯霉素 0 .5～ 2 .0mg·ml-1,地塞米松磷酸钠 0 .1～ 0 .3mg·ml-1范围内 ,浓度与峰面积成良好的线性关系 ;平均回收率分别为 98.3% (RSD =0 .9% ) ,97.8% (RSD =0 .7% )。结论　本法操作简便 ,结果准确。     

二阶导数光谱法测定电光灵滴眼剂中盐酸丁卡因含量

目的　测定电光灵滴眼剂中盐酸丁卡因含量。方法　采用二阶导数光谱法 :波长范围 2 0 0～ 380nm ,狭缝 2nm ,Δλ =4nm ,2 30nm与 2 5 0nm振幅值范围 - 0 .2 5～ +0 .2 5。结果　盐酸丁卡因浓度在 10～ 5 0 μg·ml-1范围内 ,浓度与振幅值线性关系良好 ,回归方程为A =0 .0 0 176C +0 .0 0 2 ,相关系数r =0 .9999,平均回收率为 10 1.4 % ,RSD =0 .83%。结论　本测定方法简单 ,结果准确 ,速度快     

紫外分光光度法测定头孢氨苄胶囊的含量

目的　建立紫外分光光度法测定头孢氨苄胶囊的含量。方法　样品经前处理后 ,采用紫外分光光度法 ,于 2 6 2nm波长处测定吸收值。结果　浓度在 10～ 35 μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好 (r =9999) ;溶液在 4 8h之内测定浓度无变化 ;平均回收率99 .4 3% ,RSD =0 .4 3% (n=6 ) ,精密度测定 RSD =0 .32 % (n=6 ) ,本法与药典法测定结果比较 ,t检验无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　该测定方法准确、精密 ,操作简单、快速 ,适合头孢氨苄胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC法同时测定复方尼泊金乙酯醇溶液中二种组分的含量

目的　建立HPLC法同时测定复方尼泊金乙酯醇溶液中尼泊金乙酯及尼泊金甲酯含量的方法。方法　以ODSHypersil(5 μm ,2 0 0mm× 4 .6mm)为色谱柱 ,0 .0 1mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾 (KH2 PO4)溶液 -甲醇 -磷酸 (5 0∶5 0∶0 .4 )为流动相 ,检测波长 2 5 5nm。结果　一次进样即可完成两种组分的含量分析 ,线性范围 :尼泊金乙酯为 3.0 2 4～ 30 .2 4 μg·ml-1(r =0 .9999) ;尼泊金甲酯为1.0 2 2～ 10 .2 2 μg·ml-1(r=0 .9999)。平均回收率为 :尼泊金乙酯 99.4 5 % ,RSD =0 .4 8% (n =6 ) ;尼泊金甲酯 99.6 7% ,RSD=0 .72 % (n =6 )。结论　本方法快速、准确 ,分离度好。可用于该醇溶液中两种组份的含量测定。     

吸附树脂HA—3吸收剂治疗地高辛中毒的实验研究

从７种大孔吸附脂中筛选出ＨＡ－３，对共物理性能及对地高辛的吸附性能进行了测定，同时观测了ＨＡ－３对体外血浆中地高辛的静态及动态吸附能力，结果发现，ＨＡ－３具有适中的孔径（ｒ＝１９．０ｎｍ）较大的比表面积（ｓ＝６４０ｍ＾２／ｇ）良好的机械强度，在ｐＨ７～８时对地高辛具有较高的吸附率，对地高辛中毒的家兔血液灌流吸附１００ｍｉｎ血清地高辛浓度呈阶梯式下降，ＨＡ－３最终可逆使血中地高辛清除４．０％～６８．     

高效液相色谱法测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量

目的　建立高效液相色谱法测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量的方法。方法　MZC18分析色谱柱 (4 .6mmID× 2 5 0mm ,粒径 5 μm) ,流动相A :10 %乙腈 (含 0 .5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3.0 ) ;B :85 %乙腈 (含 0 .5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3.0 )。梯度洗脱程序 :1～ 11min ,A :4 0 %～ 0 ;B :6 0 %～ 10 0 % ,流速 1.5ml/min。检测波长 4 33nm ;结果　大黄素回归方程Y =- 0 .0 0 14 75+0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 33X ,r =0 .9999,线性范围 0 .0 16 6 4～ 0 .6 6 5 4 μg ;大黄酚回归方程Y =- 0 .0 0 346 4 +0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 82X ,r =0 .9999,线性范围 0 .0 2 4 4 7～ 0 .9789μg。大黄素和大黄酚平均回收率分别为 96 .2 % (RSD =4 .7% )和 97.4 % (RSD =2 .1% )。结论　该方法操作简便 ,测定结果准确可靠 ,可用于测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).