新生儿全结肠无神经节细胞症X线诊断

目的：探讨新生儿全结肠无神经节细胞症X线诊断。材料与方法：1985年至1995年经X线检查后手术病理证实此病者18例。结果；腹部平片17例显示：中上腹小肠胀气伴气液面15例，直肠少气或无气16例。无1例结肠胀气。钡灌肠18例显示：结肠细小5例。结肠宽径多数近似正常、但肠管形态多不正常(包括僵直9例，锯齿状改变7例)，结肠短缩12例，直肠壶腹消失14例。排钡延迟11例。结论：钡灌肠对诊断本病有重要价值。     

侧方扩展型大肠肿瘤的X线特征

目的:探讨扩展型大肠肿瘤的X线与病理学特征。方法:分析了经组织病理学证实的46例54处病变的X线钡灌肠造影表现和内镜图像,将病变分为非结节扁平隆起、结节集簇性隆起和混合性结节集簇隆起3种类型,与病理组织学进行对照研究。结果:扩展型大肠肿瘤好发于直肠、盲肠和升结肠近段,组织病理学多为腺瘤或黏膜内癌,混合结节集簇隆起型病变癌变率高、浸润较深,且有进展期癌。结论:扩展型大肠肿瘤表面的形态改变,可以作为推测有无癌变与癌变浸润深度的指标。     

钡灌肠对结肠癌的X线诊断价值(附8例对照分析)

目的 钡灌肠是诊断大肠病变的最基本检查方法，结合文献复习探讨钡灌肠X线检查结肠癌的价值。方法 对8例钡灌肠患者进行回顾性分析，观察X线诊断大肠癌的可靠征象，分析钡灌肠的优势及局限性。结果 钡灌肠8例，结肠癌3例并与CT诊断、电子肠镜检查、手术所见对照。结论 钡灌肠对诊断大肠病变有其重要的价值。     

前列腺癌侵犯直肠:钡灌肠所见

作者回顾性研究了11例前列腺癌侵犯直肠的双对比钡灌肠的X线征象。平均年龄69岁(55～85岁),4例经剖腹探查、6例直肠活检,1例CT扫描证实诊断。5例钡灌肠时有前列腺癌诊断,6例钡灌肠时不知有前列腺癌,疑直肠癌或直肠膀胱间隙转移。X线显示4例病变限于直肠,为环形肿块、肠管狭窄和/或针刺状固定的粘膜皱襞;7例直肠乙状结肠连接段局限性受累,但远侧直肠不受累,其中2例直肠乙状结肠连接段前壁有一直径5cm光滑的外在肿块压迹,另1例左前壁粘膜下有一不连续的2cm大的中央呈脐凹的肿块,其余4例为狭窄,狭窄处有明显的针刺状与皱襞皱起的改     

新生儿全结肠无神经节细胞症X线诊断

目的：探讨新生儿全结肠无神经节细胞症X线诊断。材料与方法：1985年至1995年经X线检查后手术病理证实此病者18例。结果：腹部平片17例显示：中上腹小肠胀气伴气液面15例，直肠少气或无气16例。无1例结肠胀气。钡灌肠18例显示：结肠细小5例。结肠宽径多数近似正常、但肠管形态多不正常（包括僵直9例，锯齿状改变7例），结肠短缩12例，直肠壶腹消失14例。排钡延迟11例。结论：钡灌肠对诊断本病有重要价值。     

结肠脂肪瘤影像学诊断(附9例分析)

结肠脂肪瘤很少见,其临床症状不典型,X线钡灌肠及CT扫描是本病术前诊断的最佳检查手段。本文收集9例经X线钡灌肠、CT检查及手术病理证实的结肠脂肪瘤进行报道分析。1材料与方法本组9例患者,男1例,女8例,年龄为45~60岁,平均51岁。临床表现腹痛有9例,其中伴有呕吐2例,黏液性血便2例。体检腹部均有不同程度的压痛,5例扪及包块。9例均作常规X线钡灌肠,其中1例同时作CT平扫。2结果9结肠脂肪瘤位于黏膜下,回盲部5例、横结肠近段4例。X线钡灌肠表现:①充盈相均为肠腔内大小不等的卵圆形充盈缺损(图1),边缘光滑锐利7,轻度分叶状2例;②加压检查充…     

全结肠性溃疡性结肠炎的X线诊断

目的：探讨全结肠受累的溃疡性结肠炎的X线特点、材料和方法；观察了9例全结肠受累的溃疡性结肠炎，分析了X线气钡双对比灌肠造影的表现。结果：溃疡性结肠炎，X线气钡双对比造影表现为结肠袋形消失，肠管弥漫性狭窄短缩、粘膜面正常结构消失，可见边缘模糊的钡点或钡斑，结肠轮廓是针棘状突出或出现“揿扣征”和“双边征”。缓解期见棍棒状，火柴杆状及树枝状的假息肉形成。病变呈弥漫性和连续性。全结肠受累的患者，病变多较重，多合并返流性回肠炎的表现：回盲瓣肥厚，回肠末端粘膜皱襞增粗、严重者回盲瓣变形、展开，末端回肠肠腔增宽和多发小溃疡形成。结论：全结肠受累的溃疡性结肠炎，肠粘膜病变重，可并发末段回肠的溃疡性炎症。     

小儿先天性巨结肠的X线诊断

目的 明确小儿先天性巨结肠的X线表现。方法 分析58例先天性巨结肠钡剂灌肠X线改变。结果 58例先天性巨结肠均表现为直肠末段不同范围痉挛性狭窄。结论 钡剂灌肠检查对小儿先天性巨结肠有确诊作用。     

结肠镜与钡灌肠检查在直肠癌诊疗中比较

目的：比较钡灌肠和纤维结肠镜在直肠癌诊治中的作用。方法：本研究对北京肿瘤医院1996年4月-1999年12月住院的直肠癌手术病人进行回顾性分析，共收集资料全面同时进行纤维结肠镜和钡灌肠检查的病人51例进行分析，对比两种检查方式对于直肠肿瘤及合并结肠疾病的诊断。结果：在51例直肠癌中，钡灌肠检查时漏诊2例，对于纤维结肠镜检查发现的8例合并存在的结肠息肉全部漏诊。结论：在直肠癌的术前检查中纤维结肠镜检查应该作为常规的检查项目，而钡灌肠检查除非特殊情况下，一般不宜用这种方法检查同时合并的结肠病变。     

全结肠无神经节细胞症X线诊断(附13例报告)

目的：探讨全结肠无神经节细胞症的X线表现,及其X线诊断方法。方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实的全结肠无神经节细胞症13例,均作腹部平片和钡剂灌肠检查。结果：腹部平片显示普遍性小肠胀气13例,出现液平9例,无1例结肠或直肠充气,钡灌肠（13例）显示结肠细小10例,3例结肠近似正常,有1例表现结肠缩短,1例合并多处穿孔,6例排钡延。结论：钡肠检查仍是目前X线诊断全结肠无神经节细胞症的主要方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).