十种贝母裂解气相色谱分析鉴定

运用裂解气相色谱对贝母属十种植物进行了研究，用分区编码法进行鉴别，结果表明同属不同种植物的指纹分区编码可作为鉴别的依据，本文还首次应用正交方差分析法对裂解温度、裂解时间、样品重量、样品过筛目数等条件的选择进行了探讨，其结果表明，大大缩短了实验时间、信息量大，所选定的裂解条件较为科学。     

十种贝母裂解气相色谱分析鉴定

运用裂解气相色谱对贝母属十种植物进行了研究，用分区编码法进行鉴别，结果表明同属不同种植物的指纹分区编码可作为鉴别的依据。本文还首次应用正交方差分析法对裂解温度、裂解时间、样品重量、样品过筛目数等条件的选择进行了探讨，其结果表明，大大缩短了实验时间，信息量大，所选定的裂解条件较为科学。     

裂解—气相色谱法及其在中药鉴别中的应用

裂解—气相色谱法(Pyrolysis Gas chromatography简称PGC)是在热裂解和气相色谱两种技术的基础上发展起来的一门相对独立的分枝学科。在高分子领域以及生物学、医学、药品检验、司法检验等方面得到了日益广泛的应用。近两年来该法已成功地用于中药材的鉴别工作。1 原理非挥发性有机化合物的裂解过程通常遵循某些反应规律进行,所得裂解产物分布具有特征性和统计性。     

天麻丸中天麻及天麻素的薄层鉴别研究

目的探究薄层色谱法能否快速有效的完成对天麻丸中天麻及天麻素的鉴别工作,从而得出快速控制天麻丸质量的方法。方法采用薄层色谱法对制剂中的主要药材进行定性鉴别。结果用薄层色谱法鉴定天麻丸中的天麻及天麻素等有效成分,专属性强,灵敏度高,稳定性好,检出斑点清晰。薄层板上喷显色剂后,在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上显相同颜色班点。结论该方法准确、简便,可用于天麻丸的质量控制。     

中药材及饮片中三种二氧化硫残留量测定方法的比较

目的 采用酸碱滴定法、气相色谱法、离子色谱法分别测定中药材或饮片中二氧化硫的残留量,比较分析三种检测方法的适用性。方法 采用三种检测方法对19批中药材及饮片中二氧化硫残留量进行测定,选取20种中药材及饮片进行三种方法的空白加标回收试验,并对结果进行比较分析。结果 酸碱滴定法操作简单、成本低。气相色谱法样品测定速度较快,但测定结果偏低、专属性较差。离子色谱法灵敏度高、准确度、精密度好。结论 建议气相色谱法用于粗筛二氧化硫残留量较高的样品,酸碱滴定法作为常规测定方法,离子色谱法作为仲裁方法。     

苍耳丸质量标准的研究

采用ＴＬＣ法对丸剂中的苍耳子，银花，连翘等中药进行了定性鉴别，并通过气相色谱法测定了丸剂中具有散风寒，通肺窍作用的桉油精含量。方法快速，简单，结果可靠，可作为该品的质量标准。     

天麻胶囊中鉴别天麻素的两种薄层色谱法的比较

目的 对天麻胶囊中天麻的薄层色谱法鉴别进行改进。方法 利用薄层色谱法鉴别。结果 两种薄层色谱法鉴别天麻差别较大。结论 该方法鉴别天麻胶囊中天麻的色谱斑点重现性显著。     

新型狗皮膏中的鉴别试验

目的建立新型狗皮膏中的鉴别方法。方法采用薄层色谱法对麻黄碱进行定性鉴别;采用气相色谱法建立挥发性成分的气相鉴别。结果在薄层色谱法中,可检出麻黄碱;在气相色谱法中,检出樟脑、薄荷脑、异龙脑、龙脑和水杨酸甲酯。结论本法重复性好,快速、简便,可作为该产品的质量控制方法。     

气相色谱法鉴别小儿化毒胶囊中冰片、乳香和没药

目的研究建立采用气相色谱法鉴别小儿化毒胶囊中冰片、乳香和没药的方法。方法对样品、对照品及各阴性对照样品进行适当处理后,采用极性石英毛细管柱,将待测溶液注入气相色谱仪进行测定,收集色谱图,进行对比分析,得到能分别代表三种药材的色谱峰的图谱。结果气相色谱法鉴别小儿化毒胶囊中冰片、乳香和没药的方法简便易操作,专属性良好,具有可行性,可同时对三种贵细药材进行快速鉴别。结论该方法可完善和提高小儿化毒胶囊的质量标准,并对同时含有这三种药材制剂的质控方法的建立提供参考依据。     

天麻酒中主要药味的薄层色谱鉴别

目的探讨天麻酒的质量控制方法。方法用薄层色谱法对天麻酒处方中的天麻、何首乌、当归、五味子、人参进行定性鉴别。结果薄层色谱中斑点显色清晰，阴性对照无干扰。结论薄层色谱法专属性强、重现性好，可用于天麻酒的质量控制。     

西洋参与籽播参的傅里叶变换红外光谱法鉴别

目的 为了建立西洋参与籽播参有效的鉴别方法。方法 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）仪并借助OMNI采样器直接测定了样品的FTIR。结果 西洋参及籽播参外表皮及木质部的傅里叶变换红外光谱吸收差别较大。结论 可以采用FTIR直接测定法鉴别籽播参与西洋参，本法简便、快速、准确，而且不需制备样品。     

安徽金寨红天麻、红乌天麻高效液相色谱法指纹图谱与化学成分比较

目的 建立安徽金寨红天麻与红乌天麻高效液相色谱法（HPLC）指纹图谱,结合相似度分析、含量测定、聚类分析和主成分分析,比较22批红乌天麻与13批红天麻质量。方法 本研究起止时间为2020年12月至2021年6月,采用HPLC测定天麻指纹图谱;以天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇、巴利森苷、巴利森苷B、巴利森苷C和巴利森苷E的含量为指标,采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012版）和SPSS 23.0对其进行指纹图谱分析、聚类分析及主成分分析。结果 红天麻与红乌天麻的指纹图谱差异显著,其中红天麻有14个共有峰,红乌天麻有16个共有峰;以巴利森苷为参照,两种天麻共确定13个共有峰,指认了天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇、巴利森苷、巴利森苷B、巴利森苷C、巴利森苷E共6个成分;红天麻和红乌天麻与各自对照指纹图谱的相似度均大于0.9,红天麻和红乌天麻两品种间相似度为0.781。两种天麻中天麻素、巴利森苷、巴利森苷B和巴利森苷C含量差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,且红天麻含量高于红乌天麻;当欧式距离取为25时,35批药材分为两类,除S27以外的红天麻和红乌天麻中S6、S7、S18、S19聚为一类,剩下的天麻聚...     

Antioxidantive activities and gastrodin determination of extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from Gastrodia elata Bl.

Gastrodia elata Bl. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with special pharmacological effects on headache and numbness. However, its wild sources are now in short supply because of over-excavation. A total of 14 endophytic fungi were isolated from Gastrodia elata Bl collected from Yinjing, in which 10 strains were identified, including Neonectria, Ascomycota, Fusarium, Oidiodendron and Dothiorella. All crude extracts showed some degrees of antioxidant activities by T-AOC method and DPPH methods, especially those from Oidiodendron GeR6 and Ascomycota sp. GeR2, which might be attributed due to their high phenolic contents. However, only Oidiodendron GeR6 contained gastrodin (39.2 μg/g) as the host plant in the crude extracts. In conclusion, the notable activities of GeR6 indicated its medical use as a natural antioxidant agent, as well as substitutable use for Gastrodia elata Bl. in the future.     

更辰胶囊中主要药味的薄层色谱鉴别研究

目的：建立更辰胶囊的薄层色谱鉴别方法,为制定其质量控制标准提供实验依据。方法：采用薄层色谱法鉴别处方中的主要药味人参和淫羊藿。结果：处方中的人参和淫羊藿的薄层色谱具有鉴别特征。结论：薄层色谱鉴别方法简便可靠,专属性、重复性好,可作为更辰胶囊的质量控制指标。     

Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects of some traditional chinese medicinal herbs: a review

The current practice of ingesting phytochemicals to support the immune system or to fight infections is based on centuries-old tradition. We review reports on seven Chinese herbs, (Aloe vera Mill. (Aloaceae), Angelica species (Umbelliferae), Astragalus membranaceus Bunge. (Leguminosae), Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst. (Ganodermataceae), Panax ginseng C.A Mey. (Araliaceae), Scutellaria species (Lamiaceae) and Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Zingiberaceae) with emphasis to their immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities. While some of these herbaceous plants have a direct inhibitory effect on microbial organisms, we observe that each plant has at least one compound that selectively modulates cells of the immune system. The successful derivation of pure bioactive compounds from Ganoderma lucidum, ginseng and Zingiber officinale supports the traditional practice of using these plants to stimulate the immune system. As many modern drugs are often patterned after phytochemicals, studying the influence of each compound on immune cells as well as microbes can provide useful insights to the development of potentially useful new pharmacological agents.     

Enzymic synthesis of gastrodin through microbial transformation and purification of gastrodin biosynthesis enzyme

Gastrodin, a major bioactive component of a famous Chinese herb Gastrodia elata B1., has diverse pharmaceutical functions. It is usually obtained by extraction from a plant or through chemical synthesis. However, traditional extraction from Gastrodia elata B1. is time and money consuming, while chemical synthesis is a complicated procedure and always leads to very serious environmental pollution. Thus it is urgent to explore a new gastrodin source which is more economical and environmental. The present study reports a novel approach to the production of gastrodin through biosynthesis and microbial transformation. Rhizopus chinensis SAITO AS3.1165 was screened from about 50 fungal and bacterial strains and found capable of biotransforming p-hydroxybenzaldehyde into gastrodin for use in gastrodin production. A series of purification steps including (NH(4))(2)SO(4) precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration column chromatography was successfully used for purification of the gastrodin biosynthesis enzyme (GBE). The purity of GBE was above 95% and its molecular weight was about 63.2 kDa. We further characterized GBE's function condition, and found that the optimal temperature was 50 °C and the optimum pH 6.0. The enzyme was stable at a temperature lower than 50 °C and a pH between 6.0 and 9.0. The result indicated that gastrodin could be successfully synthesized by microbial transformation, providing a new approach for gastrodin production.     

人参叶中三萜皂苷类成分的研究

目的 研究人参叶中的微量皂苷类化合物.方法 利用正相硅胶柱层析和反相硅胶制备色谱技术,分离人参叶中的微量成分,并运用质谱和核磁共振技术鉴定其结构.结果 从人参叶中分离得到5个微量成分,分别鉴定为:人参皂苷Rk1(Ⅰ)、Rk3(Ⅱ)、Rh4(Ⅲ)、RgS(Ⅳ)和Rg6(Ⅴ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ为首次从人参叶中分离得到.     

Angiomodulatory and neurological effects of ginsenosides

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, one of the most popular and valued herbs, has been used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. More than thirty ginsenosides, the pharmacologically active ingredients in ginseng, have been identified with various sugar moieties attached at the C-3, C-6 and C-20 positions of the steroidal skeleton. We herein review the current literature on the pharmacological effects of ginsenosides on the modulation of angiogenesis, dysregulations of which contribute towards many pathological conditions. Regarding the adaptogenic property of ginseng, the effects of ginsenosides on central nervous system are also discussed. Recent researches have pointed to the steroid hormone receptors as the target molecules to elicit the diverse cellular and physiological activities of ginseng. We believe that understanding the interaction between ginsenosides and various steroid hormone receptors may provide clues to unravel the secret of ginseng.     

高效液相色谱法用于西洋参与白参的分析和鉴别

采用高效液相色谱法测定了１０个不同地区栽培的西洋参与白参中人参皂苷 Ｒｂ１的含量,并利用相对保留时间和相对含量对两者进行定性鉴别     

蒸制断生后真空冷冻干燥对天麻质量的影响

目的:提高真空冷冻干燥天麻的天麻素含量。方法:采用蒸制后再真空冷冻干燥的方法对天麻进行干燥,考察天麻的外观及微观结构,测定天麻复水率、多糖和天麻素含量及不同干燥工艺下天麻粉末在模拟胃肠液中的溶出量与溶出率。结果:与鲜天麻直接真空冷冻干燥相比,天麻经蒸制后再真空冷冻干燥其外观和切面微观结构无显著变化。95℃蒸制4 min后再真空冷冻干燥,其天麻素含量和复水率分别为0.875%和502%,显著高于鲜天麻直接冷冻干燥(0.280%和362%)和120℃蒸制4 min后再真空冷冻干燥(0.775%和466%),但3个干燥工艺下天麻的多糖含量无显著差异。热风干燥天麻及真空冷冻干燥天麻粉末的红外指纹图谱谱峰位置相近,峰形相似,说明天麻成分无显著变化。不同工艺干燥天麻的天麻素在模拟胃液和肠液中的溶出率无显著差异。结论:天麻经95℃蒸制4 min后再进行真空冷冻干燥可在保持其外观和微观形态的条件下显著提高天麻素含量和复水率,天麻真空冷冻干燥生产中可对该工艺进行适当修正以推广应用。