血清CA153、miR-335联合检测对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清糖类抗原153(CA153)、微小RNA-335(miR-335)联合检测对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月在黄石市妇幼保健院(下称该院)病理活检确诊为乳腺癌的48例早期乳腺癌患者作为恶性肿瘤组,选取同期该院48例病理活检确诊为乳房良性病变患者作为良性肿瘤组,另选取同期该院48例女性体检健康者作为健康对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测血清miR-335水平,采用免疫化学发光法检测血清CA153水平,采用受试者工作特征曲线分析CA153、miR-335对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果 恶性肿瘤组血清CA153水平明显高于良性肿瘤组和健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。恶性肿瘤组血清miR-335水平明显低于良性肿瘤组和健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同雌激素受体、临床分期、组织分化程度和病理类型的乳腺癌患者血清CA153水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同孕激素受体、组织分化程度和病理类型的乳腺癌患者血清miR-335水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清CA1...     

SEPT9基因甲基化、生长分化因子15、糖类抗原199与结直肠癌患者临床病理特征和预后的关系

目的 探讨结直肠癌患者血浆SEPT9基因甲基化(mSEPT9)、生长分化因子15(GDF15)、糖类抗原199(CA199)表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析218例肛肠科住院患者的血液样本,将106例结直肠癌患者纳入癌症组,将112例结直肠腺瘤患者纳入腺瘤组.另将同期体检中心的100例健康体检者纳入对照组.比较3组研究对象的mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199阳性率,探讨mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199与结直肠癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系.结果 癌症组mSEPT9阳性率和GDF15、CA199水平高于腺瘤组和对照组,且腺瘤组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199在TNM分期为Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、浸润深度为浆膜层以下、分化程度为低分化、有淋巴结转移和远处转移密切的患者中表达更高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199与TNM分期、浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴结转移、远处转移显著相关(P＜0.05);临床分期高、分化程度低、淋巴结转移、远处转移以及mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199阳性表达是结直肠癌患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 结直肠癌患者mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199表达显著升高,且与不同临床病理特征密切相关,mSEPT9、GDF15、CA199阳性表达是患者预后不良的独立危险因素,临床应加强干预,从而改善患者预后,提高其生存率.     

ProGRP联合CEA和CA153在乳腺癌患者血清中的表达及其临床诊断价值

目的 探讨血清胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRP)在乳腺癌患者中的表达及其临床诊断应用价值.方法 通过数据库分析胃泌素释放肽信使RNA(GRP mRNA)在乳腺癌组织和正常乳腺组织中表达水平的差异.检测乳腺癌患者(乳腺癌组)、乳腺良性肿瘤患者(乳腺良性肿瘤组)和体检健康者(对照组)血清中ProGRP、癌胚抗原(CEA)和糖类蛋白153(CA153)的表达水平,并使用统计学软件对表达水平及临床病理参数的关系进行分析,同时分析其在临床诊断中的应用价值.结果 通过TCGA数据库分析发现,GRP mRNA在乳腺癌组织中较正常乳腺组织中表达显著上调;血清ProGRP在乳腺癌组患者中的表达水平明显高于乳腺良性肿瘤组和对照组(P<0.05);进一步分析发现,乳腺癌患者血清ProGRP表达水平与肿瘤最大径、远处转移及临床分期密切相关(P<0.05);ProGRP取cut off值为38.5 pg/mL时,其诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度为65.6％,特异度为74.2％.ProGRP联合CEA、CA153检测诊断乳腺癌的特异度优于CEA联合CA153检测(P<0.05).结论 ProGRP在乳腺癌患者中上调表达,且其表达水平与肿瘤负荷相关,ProGRP联合CEA、CA153检测可应用于乳腺癌的临床诊疗,值得临床推广应用.     

乳腺癌组织微小核糖核酸-485-3p、Xklp2靶蛋白表达水平及临床意义

目的 探讨乳腺癌组织微小核糖核酸-485-3p(miR-485-3p)、xklp2靶蛋白(TPX2)表达水平与患者预后的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学法检测TPX2蛋白表达,采用实时荧光定聚合酶链反应检测miR-485-3p、TPX2 mRNA表达.采用Pearson检验分析乳腺癌组织中miR-485-3p表达与TPX2 mRNA表达的关系;随访5年,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析乳腺癌组织中miR-485-3p、TPX2蛋白表达与患者总生存率的关系,并用COX回归分析影响乳腺癌患者总生存的危险因素.结果 乳腺癌组织中TPX2蛋白阳性率、TPX2 mRNA表达水平均高于癌旁正常组织,miR-485-3p表达水平低于癌旁正常组织,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).乳腺癌组织中miR-485-3p、TPX2蛋白表达与患者TNM分期、淋巴结转移、Ki-67表达有关(P＜0.05).乳腺癌组织中miR-485-3p表达与TPX2mRNA表达呈负相关(P＜0.05).miR-485-3p高表达者5年总生存率为77.78％,高于低表达者的52.94％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TPX2蛋白阴性者5年总生存率为84.00％,高于阳性者的60.00％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).有淋巴结转移、miR-485-3p低表达、TPX2蛋白阳性是影响乳腺癌患者总生存的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 在乳腺癌组织中,miR-485-3p低表达、TPX2高表达及二者呈负相关,均可作为判断乳腺癌患者的预后指标.     

miR-10b、肿瘤间质比、miR-466与乳腺癌病理参数、预后关联性分析

目的探讨miR-10b、肿瘤间质比(TSR)、miR-466与乳腺癌(BC)病理参数、预后关联性。方法选取2017-02—2019-02我院212例BC患者作为研究组,同期选取189例乳腺良性肿瘤患者作为对照组。对比两组不同病理参数、不同预后患者miR-10b、TSR、miR-466,Spearman分析各指标与病理参数相关性,K-M曲线、多元线性回归分析各指标与预后关系。结果研究组miR-10b、miR-466、TSR水平高于对照组(P0.05);不同临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小、组织学类型、患者miR-10b、miR-466、TSR水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05); miR-10b、miR-466、TSR水平与临床分期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小、组织学类型呈正相关,与分化程度呈负相关(P0.05);生存患者miR-10b、miR-466、TSR水平低于死亡患者(P0.05);多元线性回归分析模型控制年龄、临床分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度、肿瘤大小、组织学类型等其他因素后,miR-10b、miR-466、TSR仍与预后显著相关(P0.05); miR-10b、miR-466、TSR高危组生存率低于低危组(P0.05)。结论 miR-10b、miR-466、TSR在BC中呈异常状态,与BC病理特征、随访预后呈独立显著相关,可应用于BC辅助诊断及预后评估。     

微小RNA-1246在结直肠癌患者血清中的表达水平及其临床意义

目的 探讨微小RNA(miRNA)-1246在结直肠癌(CRC)患者血清中的表达水平及其与患者临床病理特征的关系,并分析miR-1246联合癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原(CA)199检测对CRC的诊断价值。方法 选取2017年1月至2020年12月在新密市中医院接受手术治疗的60例CRC患者作为CRC组,另选取同期在新密市中医院住院治疗的60例结直肠腺瘤(CRA)患者作为CRA组,选取同期在新密市中医院体检的60例健康体检者作为健康对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测血清miR-1246表达水平,采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测血清CEA和CA199水平,采用Spearman相关分析CRC患者血清miR-1246表达水平与血清CEA、CA199水平的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析miR-1246联合CEA、CA-199检测对CRC的诊断价值。结果 CRC组血清miR-1246表达水平显著高于CRA组与健康对照组(P<0.05),而CRA组和健康对照组血清miR-1246表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TNM分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、有淋巴结转移和有远处转移的...     

血清miR-21、sICAM-1和CA153联合检测对乳腺癌的早期诊断价值

目的探讨血清miR-21、可溶性细胞间黏附分子1(sICAM-1)和糖类抗原153(CA153)联合检测对乳腺癌的早期诊断价值。方法选取2016年1月至2019年12月在南京医科大学附属妇产医院诊断为乳腺癌的患者31例为恶性肿瘤组,选择同期活组织检测为乳房良性病变患者31例为良性肿瘤组,选择同期该院体检健康者31例为健康对照组。比较3组血清miR-21、sICAM-1、CA153水平,并对miR-21、sICAM-1和CA153单项及联合检测早期诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值、诊断效率进行比较。结果血清miR-21、sICAM-1、CA153水平在恶性肿瘤组明显高于良性肿瘤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清miR-21、sICAM-1、血清CA153联合检测早期诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、阳性预测值和诊断效率与miR-21单项检测比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清miR-21、sICAM-1、CA153联合检测早期诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值和诊断效率与sICAM-1单项检测比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清miR-21、sICAM-1、CA153联合检测早期诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值和诊断效率与CA153单项检测比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清miR-21、sICAM-1、CA153联合检测用于乳腺癌早期诊断的受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.891。结论血清miR-21、sICAM-1、CA153联合检测能够显著提高临床对乳腺癌的早期诊断效率。     

卵巢上皮癌患者血清中miR-221的表达及其诊断价值

目的研究卵巢上皮癌患者血清中miR-221的表达及其诊断价值。方法选择2015年2月至2018年2月该院收治的卵巢上皮癌患者60例作为卵巢上皮癌组,同期于该院接受诊治的卵巢良性肿瘤患者60例作为卵巢良性肿瘤组,选择同期进行体检的健康者60例作为健康对照组。分别采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应与电化学发光法检测血清miR-221与糖链抗原125(CA125)表达水平,并分析血清miR-221表达与卵巢上皮癌患者病理特征的关系。此外,以病理组织检查为金标准,对比血清CA125、血清miR-221及两项指标联合检测诊断卵巢上皮癌的灵敏度、特异度以及准确度。结果卵巢上皮癌组患者血清miR-221、CA125水平均高于卵巢良性肿瘤组与健康对照组,而卵巢良性肿瘤组血清CA125水平高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。国际妇科联盟(FIGO)手术病理分期为Ⅰ～Ⅱ期与无淋巴结转移患者的血清miR-221表达水平分别为(5.33±1.58)、(5.26±1.64),均低于FIGO分期为Ⅲ～Ⅳ期与有淋巴结转移患者的(7.99±2.56)、(8.02±2.61),差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。联合组诊断卵巢上皮癌的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为96.67%、95.00%、95.83%,均高于CA125组与miR-221组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论卵巢上皮癌患者血清中miR-221存在明显高表达,且与临床分期以及淋巴结转移密切相关,临床工作中可通过联合检测血清miR-221与CA125表达水平,从而提高对卵巢上皮癌的诊断价值。     

ER、PR、VEGF、CA15-3、CA125和CEA水平在乳腺癌预后判断中的临床意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌预后判断中ER、PR的表达情况及VEGF、CA15-3、CA125和CEA水平的临床意义.方法:86例乳腺癌患者行手术治疗,术后标记ER与PR,统计表达情况和随访情况;同时检测VEGF、CA15-3、CA125和CEA水平,并与40例正常对照组指标比较,分析其与临床分期、复发转移情况及治疗效果的关系.结果:22例ER和PR均表达阴性.随访后,“双阴性”患者进展(PD) 13例,稳定(SD)9例.乳腺癌组VEGF阳性率随临床分期(Ⅰ～Ⅳ)依次升高,淋巴结转移患者阳性率明显高于无转移者(P＜0.05).Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者CA15-3、CA125和CEA水平显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期和对照组,淋巴结转移患者明显高于无转移者(P＜0.05).复发者各项指标显著高于无复发者(P＜0.05).结论:联合检测ER、PR表达情况及VEGF、CA15-3、CA125和CEA水平有一定意义,可以指导乳腺癌诊疗工作.     

乳腺癌患者血清TK1、CA153、CEA的变化及临床意义

目的探讨胸苷激酶1(TK1)、糖类抗原(CA)153、癌胚抗原(CEA)在乳腺癌患者血清中的变化情况及临床意义。方法选择92例住院治疗的乳腺癌患者,66例乳腺良性疾病患者和50例健康体检者,分别检测各组血清TK1、CA153、CEA水平,用单因素分析法分析血清TK1、CA153、CEA水平与乳腺癌病理参数的关系。结果乳腺癌组血清TK1、CA153、CEA水平显著高于乳腺良性疾病组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。血清TK1、CA153、CEA水平与乳腺癌病理分期、淋巴结转移等因素相关(P0.05)。结论 TK1、CA153、CEA水平升高对乳腺癌的诊断、浸润、转移及严重程度具有重要临床意义。     

Lipid messenger, diacylglycerol, and its regulator, diacylglycerol kinase, in cells, organs, and animals: history and perspective

Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) metabolizes diacylglycerol (DG), a glycerolipid containing two acyl chains, to convert phosphatidic acid. DG is produced through phosphoinositide turnover within the membrane and is well known to act as a second messenger that modulates the activity of protein kinase C in the cellular signal transduction. Recent studies have revealed that DG also activates several proteins, including Ras guanine-nucleotide releasing protein and ion channels such as transient receptor potential proteins. Therefore, DGK is thought to participate in a number of signaling cascades by modulating levels of DG. Previous studies have disclosed that DGK is composed of a family of the isozymes, which differ in the structure, enzymological property, gene expression and localization, subcellular localization, and binding molecules. The present review focuses on the stories of phosphoinositide turnover and DG, including historical views, structural features, metabolism, and relevant cellular phenomena, together with the characteristics of DGK isozymes and the pathophysiological findings on animal studies using knockout mice and models for human diseases. Now it is being revealed that the structural and functional diversity and heterogeneity of and around DGK support the proper arrangement of the complex signal transduction machinery.     

NO and HNO donors,nitrones, and nitroxides: Past,present, and future

The biological effects attributed to nitric oxide (^?NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) have been extensively studied, propelling their array of putative clinical applications beyond cardiovascular disorders toward other age‐related diseases, like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the unique properties and reactivity of the N‐O bond enabled the development of several classes of compounds with potential clinical interest, among which ^?NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides are of particular importance. Although primarily studied for their application as cardioprotective agents and/or molecular probes for radical detection, continuous efforts have unveiled a wide range of pharmacological activities and, ultimately, therapeutic applications. These efforts are of particular significance for diseases in which oxidative stress plays a key pathogenic role, as shown by a growing volume of in vitro and in vivo preclinical data. Although in its early stages, these efforts may provide valuable guidelines for the development of new and effective N‐O‐based drugs for age‐related disorders. In this report, we review recent advances in the chemistry of NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides and discuss its pharmacological significance and potential therapeutic application.     

Heat, cold, noise, and vibration

Exposure to a cold environment induces a number of physiological alterations, the most serious being hypothermia. This state can occur in all individuals, but the very young and the elderly are more susceptible. Environmental and industrially generated high ambient temperature can place further stress on aged individuals and workers, resulting in a complex symptom picture. Morbidity and death may result from such exposures. Causative factors have been identified. Noise exposure induces hearing losses above those secondary to the aging process. Psychophysiological effects during noise exposure are considered to result from the sympathetic activity secondary to a general stress reaction. Vibration from the use of power tools results in Raynaud's phenomenon. However, modification of power tools has reduced the symptoms associated with vibration exposure. Termination of exposure to vibration appears eventually to reduce symptoms related to white-finger spasms. Interaction between these stressors has not been clarified because of the complex effects of each. The need for additional information about the response to these stressors is evident.