汽车生产中电焊工健康调查

目的了解汽车生产中电焊工的健康状况。方法对车身厂110名电焊工人进行职业健康体检,包括血压、心电图、ALT、血常规、尿常规、高仟伏X线胸片、肺功能,根据不同检查项目的结果分别分为异常组和健康组,进行分析。结果无尘肺病发生;肺功能均正常;高血压21.8%,心电图异常18.2%,转氨酶升高22.7%,血红蛋白升高6.4%,异常组和健康组之间在年龄、工龄方面无显著性差异。结论汽车生产中电焊工的健康损害与年龄、工龄无关,其主要危险因素可能是接触一氧化碳、噪声等有害因素、精神紧张;其健康监护要重视心血管系统等的改变,加强职业健康教育。     

村卫生室医保联网结算成效分析

随着奉贤南桥城镇化的加快,很多农民由于土地征用,其保险由农保转为社保。村卫生室为农村群众提供基本公共卫生服务,但那些享有医保而居住在农村的城乡居民无法到村卫生室使用医保卡就诊,给患者带来极大不便。因此,解决村卫生室医保联网结算势在必行,通过试点成效显著,提高了居民就诊依从性,也提升了社区卫生综合服务质量。     

Drinking patterns,gender and health III: Avoiding versus seeking health care

Background: Inability to predict most health services use and costs using demographics and health status suggests that other factors affect use, including attitudes and practices that influence health and willingness to seek care. Alcohol consumption has generated interest because heavy, chronic consumption causes adverse health consequences, acute consumption increases injury, and moderate drinking is linked to better health while hazardous drinking and alcohol-related problems are stigmatized and may affect willingness to seek care.

Methods: A stratified random sample of health-plan members completed a mail survey, yielding 7884 respondents (2995 male/4889 female). We linked survey data to 24 months of health-plan records to examine relationships between alcohol use, gender, health-related attitudes, practices, health, and service use. In-depth interviews with a stratified 150-respondent subsample explored individuals’ reasons for seeking or avoiding care.

Results: Quantitative results suggest health-related practices and attitudes predict subsequent service use. Consistent predictors of care were having quit drinking, current at-risk consumption, cigarette smoking, higher body mass index, disliking visiting doctors, and strong religious/spiritual beliefs. Qualitative analyses suggest embarrassment and shame are strong motivators for avoiding care.

Conclusions: Although models included numerous health, functional status, attitudinal and behavioral predictors, variance explained was similar to previous reports, suggesting more complex relationships than expected. Qualitative analyses suggest several potential predictive factors not typically measured in service-use studies: embarrassment and shame, fear, faith that the body will heal, expectations about likelihood of becoming seriously ill, disliking the care process, the need to understand health problems, and the effects of self-assessments of health-related functional limitations.     

健康管理模式下药学服务的实践

通过论述与比较药学服务和健康管理的理念,分析两者在提出背景、实施过程中的内在联系,探讨如何结合健康管理模式,拓宽药学服务的内容,加强药学服务的实践。     

A review on the analysis of ingredients with health care effects in health food in Taiwan

This review article discusses the analysis of ingredients with health care effects in health food in Taiwan. The top 10 items on the list of registered health food products up to 2014 in Taiwan are described, including monocolin K, ω-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), β-glucans, inulin, catechins, oligosaccharides, resistant maltodextrin, amino acids, medium chain fatty acids, and polysaccharides. Some analytical methods for the analysis of ingredients with health care effects are announced to the public on the website of health food section of the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration for the application and the postmarket surveillance of health food. Each application of health food should include the appropriate analytical method for the analysis of the ingredient or specific compound that has the health care effect, for the sake of quality assurance. Self-management of each applicant is required for regulation, the reputation of its own, and social responsibility to the consumers.     

西乡颐康园社区健康服务中心妇保团队建设的探讨

为落实社区基本医疗和公共卫生服务功能,深圳市宝安区西乡人民医院以颐康园社区健康服务中心为研究现场。建立了社区健康服务中心妇保团队。通过对妇保团队的工作职责、工作流程和运行机制的探讨,推动社区基本医疗和公共卫生服务功能得到全面落实,使社区妇女能够享受到可及性和连续性的医疗保健服务,体现社区卫生服务的公益性。     

健康宣教在公务员健康体检中的作用

目的了解公务员健康状况,加强自我保健意识,提高公务员健康水平。方法对2010年1月至2010年12月来我院体检的296名公务员的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本次接受体检的296名公务员都查出了某些疾病或者异常,大部分是慢性非传染性疾病。其中心脑血管系统疾病最多,有192例,占体检人数的64．86％;消化系统的疾病150例,占体检人数的50．68％;代谢性疾病81例,占体检人数的27．36％;泌尿系统疾病42例,占体检人数的14．19％;呼吸系统疾病7例,占体检人数的2．36％。结论通过健康体检,使公务员正确的对待自己的身体,从此开始健康的生活方式,提高自身的身体素质。     

网络用户健康教育探析

随着互联网的广泛使用,人们通过网络获取健康信息已经成为了一种方便快捷的方式,网络成为人们获取健康信息的一个重要通道。通过对健康网站现状和公众获取健康信息的调查结果分析,针对我国网络健康教育存在的问题,提出了相应对策,旨在为更好地开展网络健康教育提供依据。     

The impact of telemental health use on healthcare costs among commercially insured adults with mental health conditions

Abstract

Objective

To determine the impact of telemental health (TMH) use on total healthcare costs and mental health (MH)-related costs paid by a third party among adults with mental health conditions (MHC).     

Drinking patterns,gender and health I: Attitudes and health practices

Background: Despite considerable research, relationships among gender, alcohol consumption, and health remain controversial, due to potential confounding by health-related attitudes and practices associated with drinking, measurement challenges, and marked gender differences in drinking. We examined gender/alcohol consumption differences in health-related attitudes and practices, and evaluated how these factors affected relationships among gender, alcohol consumption, and health status.

Methods: A stratified random sample of adult health-plan members completed a mail survey, yielding 7884 respondents (2995 male/4889 female). Using multivariate analyses of covariance and adjusting for health-related attitudes, values, and practices, we examined gender differences in relationships between alcohol consumption and health.

Results: More frequent heavy drinking was associated with worse health-related attitudes and values, worse feelings about visiting the doctor, and worse health-related practices. Relationships between health-related practices and alcohol use differed by gender, and daily or almost daily heavy drinking was associated with significantly lower physical and mental health for women compared to men. Drinking status (lifelong abstainers, former drinkers, and level of regular alcohol consumption) was related to health status and vitality, even after adjusting for health-related attitudes, values, and practices. Relationships did not differ by gender. Former drinkers reported lower physical and mental health status than either lifelong abstainers or current drinkers.

Conclusions: Drinking status is independently related to physical health, mental health, and vitality, even after controlling for the health-related attitudes, values, and practices expected to confound these relationships. Among current drinkers, women who engage in very frequent heavy drinking have worse physical and mental health than their male counterparts.     

系统性健康教育对基层医院围产期母婴健康的影响

目的:探讨系统性健康教育对围产期母婴健康的影响,以便为基层医院围产期母婴健康提供科学管理依据。方法:随机选择南澳县人民医院2019年1月至2020年12月收治的810例孕产妇作为观察组,年龄（29.5±13.5）岁,有计划实施系统性健康教育干预措施;随机选择南澳县人民医院2017年1月至2018年12月收治的956例孕...     

重庆地区231名妊娠期妇女口腔健康状况及保健行为分析

目的调查重庆地区妊娠期孕妇口腔健康状况、口腔保健意识并分析其行为。方法按照世界卫生组织制定的标准检测重庆地区231名妊娠期妇女的口腔健康状况,包括龋失补（DMFT）指数、患龋率、牙龈炎率及牙结石率,记录其口腔行为并分析。结果重庆地区妊娠期妇女DMFT为1.4±0.9,患龋率为48.1%,牙龈炎率为57.6%,牙结石率为61.5%,且妊娠后期患龋率、牙龈炎率及牙结石率较妊娠早、中期显著增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论随着妊娠时间的延长,孕妇患龋率、牙龈炎率及牙结石率均增加,提示应加强孕妇口腔卫生宣传,做好口腔预防保健工作,确保母子平安。     

骨健康管理卫生经济学评价的趋势与热点:基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

目的:追踪和探索骨健康管理卫生经济学评价的趋势与热点。方法:检索Web of Science核心数据库中相关文献,应用CiteSpace和Excel软件对发文量、国家/地区、机构、学者、关键词等相关内容进行可视化分析。结果:共纳入1320篇文献。发文量多、影响力高的国家、机构和作者多集中于英美和欧洲。国内发展趋势与国外基本一致,但研究深度和广度与国外差距较大,尚未出现核心作者和高质量的文献。研究的热点和前沿集中于多病共存患者的骨质疏松/骨丢失、上市新药及药物序贯治疗、微观仿真模型以及疾病前期预防和筛查的经济研究。结论:国内的骨健康管理卫生经济学研究虽然起步较晚,但发展迅猛;我国尚需加强开展针对多病共存的患者、新药及药物序贯治疗、疾病前期的预防和筛查的经济学研究。     

不同健康教育方式组合在公共卫生信息传播的效果分析

目的评价不同健康教育方式组合在公共卫生信息传播的干预效果,探讨适合公共卫生信息传播的健康教育模式。方法采用逐级整群抽样,随机抽取6个工厂各100名工人,分别做为5个干预组和1个对照组。对照组不给予任何干预措施,5个干预组分别采用不同的干预方法进行健康教育。结果 5个干预组干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组干预前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同健康教育方式组合效果是不同的,传统健康教育+知识竞赛>传统健康教育+网站>传统健康教育+健康文艺>传统健康教育+健康短信>传统健康教育。结论传统健康教育与健康知识竞赛、网站式和健康文艺的结合方式,在公共卫生信息传播中效果明显,值得推广。     

健康教育在妇女保健中的作用分析

目的分析健康教育在妇女保健过程中所起的作用，以为妇健工作提供有效建议。方法以2012年前往我院妇科体检就诊的100名妇女作为分析的对象，对全部妇女展开系列健康教育，即在进行健康教育前后展开问卷调查，并分析调查结果，评估健康教育的实施效果。结果经过健康教育之后，100名妇女对妇女保健的有关知识、行为以及意识等均有了显著提高，健康教育前后的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论加强健康教育，有利于提升妇女对保健的认识，促使妇女积极参与各种妇幼保健工作，促进妇女保健工作的开展。     

Substance use behaviors, mental health problems, and use of mental health services in a probability sample of college students

This research examined 1) the prevalence of substance use behaviors in college students, 2) gender and academic level as moderators of the associations between mental health problems and substance use, and 3) mental health service use among those with co-occurring frequent binge drinking and mental health problems. As part of the Healthy Minds Study, a probability sample of 2843 college students completed an Internet survey on mental health problems, substance use behaviors, and utilization of mental health care. Response propensity weights were used to adjust for differences between respondents and non-respondents. Major depression, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder were positively associated with cigarette smoking. Frequent binge drinking was negatively associated with major depression and positively associated with generalized anxiety disorder, and these associations were significantly stronger for males than females. Among students with co-occurring frequent binge drinking and mental health problems, 67% perceived a need for mental health services but only 38% received services in the previous year. There may be substantial unmet needs for treatment of mental health problems and substance use among college students.     

企业职业卫生管理试行注册职业健康主任制度的探讨

目的 为扭转现阶段企业内部职业卫牛管理人员缺乏的困难局面,探讨在广东省试行注册职业健康主任制度的可行性.方法 参照我国近20年来安全生产领域推行注册安全主任的方法,试行注册职业健康主任制度.结果 对注册职业健康主任试点工作、技术支持和行政干预与市场化管理进行探讨.结论 注册安全主任通过职业卫生管理专题培训和考核,取得资格后成为注册职业健康主任是比较可行的.