量子共振对肿瘤患者维生素C和微量元素硒的研究

目的 :研究恶性肿瘤患者体内维生素C和微量元素硒的水平。方法 :对临床上已确诊为恶性肿瘤患者用量子共振同康信息检测仪检测其体内的维生素C和微量元素硒。结果 :肿瘤患者严重缺乏维生素C和微量元素硒。结论 :肿瘤患者与正常人群相比 ,体内严重缺乏维生素C和微量元素硒。     

扩张型心肌病患者家庭成员血硒和发硒浓度调查

<正> 近年来,随着硒与人体健康关系研究的迅速进展,硒作为人体的一种必需微量元素在维持心脏正常功能和形态学的完整性方面具有重要意义。硒的缺乏可引起心肌病变,因此硒对心脏的作用越来越受到人们广泛重视。我们在探讨微量元素硒与心血管疾病的关系中,     

糖尿病患者应合理补硒,注意平衡

随着科学技术的高速发展,对人体内微量元素进行更深入的研究已成为可能,到目前为止,硒是人体必需微量元素中研究最为广泛的元素之一。硒与糖尿病的关系也越来越受到人们的关注。硒广泛存在于土壤与环境中,是人体必需的微量元素之一,是人体重要的含硒酶和硒蛋白的必需组成部分。     

微量元素硒的职业保健意义

微量元素硒的职业保健意义吴少平（综述）熊世洲（审校）硒是人和动物的必需微量元素之一,具有广泛的生物学作用,近年来备受关注。本文就硒拮抗职业毒物的作用加以综述,探讨硒在职业保健中的意义。１硒与职业肿瘤近２０年来,硒的抗癌作用引起了广泛重视,硒对某些职业...     

黑龙江省肿瘤病人血清硒水平研究

近年来微量元素的研究在许多领域获得突破性进展,特别是微量元素硒与医药学、生命、健康和疾病的关系至关重要。一些研究指出,硒可以预防和抑制肿瘤的发生和发展,缺乏硒时,可以促进癌症的发生和发展,补充硒之后便可抑制癌症。为探素微量元素硒与肿瘤的关系,初步测定胃癌、大肠癌、肺癌患者与对照组血清硒水平,为研究硒与肿瘤的关系提供依据。1 材料和方法选择因患胃癌、大肠癌和肺癌而入黑龙江省肿瘤医院、黑龙江医院和哈尔滨医科大学附     

机体免疫机能与微量元素硒关系的研究进展

硒是人体和动物必需的微量元素,近年来,微量元素硒与免疫功能的关系越来越受到人们的重视,硒能增强机体的免疫功能和对传染性疾病的抵抗能力.就硒对机体免疫功能的影响进行了阐述,并强调了科学补硒的重要性.     

硒与心血管疾病的关系以及富硒农产品的开发

硒是一种微量元素,对维持人体正常的生理功能有着重要作用,可以提高人体免疫功能。本文就硒与冠心病、高血压、动脉粥样硬化的关系进行分析,证明微量元素硒在心血管疾病的预防和治疗中具有重要作用。并对富硒农产品的开发和研究做一总结,富硒农产品开发对人类健康与保健具有重要意义。     

反复呼吸道感染与血清中微量元素锌硒关系的研究

目的:了解反复呼吸道感染与血清中微量元素锌、硒含量的关系。方法:抽全血2 ml提取血清1 ml,用日本岛津A-880原子吸收分光光度仪火焰法测定血清中微量元素锌、硒含量。结果:反复呼吸道感染患儿血清中微量元素锌、硒的含量明显低于健康儿童(P<0.05)。结论:血清中微量元素锌、硒含量降低的儿童易反复发生呼吸道感染。     

微量元素硒与肉品品质

微量元素硒长期以来一直被认为是一种有毒物质,直到1957年才被明确为动物体内必需元素。作为重要的抗氧化剂,硒可阻止细胞膜氧化,改善肉品质量。就近几年关于硒对肉品质的作用效果、作用机理及添加时应注意的事项做一简要介绍。     

说东道“硒”

硒是目前被世界公认的人体必需微量元素之一．人体的诸多代谢活动、免疫防御、解毒功能都缺不了它。硒是一位瑞典化学家在1817年最早发现的．但直到1934年才引起人们的注意。此后,随着科学家对硒开展的广泛、深入的研究．人们逐渐证实,硒不仅是动物必需的营养素,也是人体所必需的一种微量元素。上世纪70年代,我国开展了克山病的防治研究．进一步证实．硒是人体必需的微量元素,并提出了人体硒的需要量。     

水稻对环境硒的富集和耐受能力研究

研究了水稻对环境硒的生物富集能力和耐受环境硒的能力，试验结果表明：水稻对环境硒的生物富集能力与其生育期和环境硒浓度有关，在稻苗分蘖期和籽粒充实成熟期呈现出两个吸收利用硒的高峰；水稻对硒的耐受能力取决于自身的生长发育成熟程度和环境中可利用硒的游离浓度，植株耐受硒的能力随着植株发育成熟程度增强，土壤环境持硒能力越强，硒游离度越低，植株耐受环境硒的浓度越高     

富硒保健食品的研究与开发

生物有机硒安全、更易被人体吸收和利用。选用不同生物具有同化无机硒为有机硒的能力，可生产一系列富硒保健品。研究和开发富硒保健品对人体健康具有重要意义。     

黑木耳硒多糖对小鼠血脂、血硒及过氧化物酶的影响

目的　探讨黑木耳硒多糖对血脂、血硒浓度及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响。方法昆明系雄性小白鼠随机分成四组 :正常对照组 ( )、高脂对照组 ( )、亚硒酸钠组 ( )、硒多糖组( )。 和 组饲喂高脂饲料。并每日每鼠分别灌胃亚硒酸钠或硒多糖水溶液 1 ml(1 .95μg Se/ml) ,共 2 1 d。结果　与 组比 , 、 组小鼠血清 TC显著降低 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,GSH- Px活性显著增强 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ; 组小鼠血清 TG显著降低 (P<0 .0 5) ,血硒浓度显著提高 (P<0 .0 1 ) ; 组小鼠血清 TG显著降低 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,血硒浓度显著提高 (P<0 .0 0 1 ) ;与 组比 , 组硒血浓度显著提高(P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,GSH- Px活性显著增强 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论　硒多糖较亚硒酸钠具有更好的降血脂、提高血硒浓度和增强 GSH- Px活性的作用 ,对高血脂症有一定的预防作用     

Assessment of requirements for selenium and adequacy of selenium status: a review

OBJECTIVE: The intent of this review is to evaluate the scientific evidence for the assessment of adequacy of selenium status and of the requirements for selenium. From this evidence, attempts have been made to define levels of plasma selenium and dietary selenium intake, which could be used for the assessment of deficiency or adequacy of selenium status. METHOD: The first section briefly reviews the methods for assessment of selenium status. The second section outlines the requirements for selenium based on a number of criteria, and how these have been translated into recommended intakes of selenium. In the final section, levels of plasma selenium and dietary intake based on different criteria of adequacy have been proposed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The minimum requirement for selenium is that which prevents the deficiency disease, Keshan disease. The recommended intakes of selenium have been calculated from the requirement for optimum plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity that must, because of the hierarchy of selenoproteins, also take account of the amounts needed for normal levels of other biologically necessary selenium compounds. Whether optimal health depends upon maximization of GPx or other selenoproteins, however, has yet to be resolved, and the consequences of less-than-maximal GPx activities or mRNA levels need investigation. Intakes, higher than recommended intakes, and plasma selenium concentrations that might be protective for cancer or result in other additional health benefits have been proposed. There is an urgent need for more large-scale trials to assess any such beneficial effects and to provide further data on which to base more reliable estimates for intakes and plasma selenium levels that are protective.     

Selenium in Human Lactation

The primary factor determining selenium concentration in human milk is the maternal selenium intake. A significant correlation between selenium in human milk and maternal selenium intake has been reviewed in papers from different regions of the world. Infants fed human milk have higher selenium intake than those fed commercially available formula milk or baby foods. Selenium compounds found in breast milk seem to be more biologically available for infant nutrition than those in formulas. Increased requirements of selenium have been observed in pregnant and lactating women. Supplementation of lactating and pregnant women with different selenium compounds has been assayed, and selenium supplementation of soil and cows has been used to increase the selenium status of children fed infant formula made from cow's milk.     

Effect of dietary selenium on plasma selenoprotein P, selenoprotein P1 and glutathione peroxidase in the rat

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary selenium on the abundance of selenium in plasma selenoprotein P, selenoprotein P1 and glutathione peroxidase. Weanling rats were provided water that contained 1.0, 0.1 or 0.01 ppm selenium and 75Se for 21 days. Gel filtration of denatured subunits was used to identify 75Se in the selenoproteins. Rats provided 1.0 ppm selenium accumulated 1.5 times more 75Se in liver cytosolic selenoprotein P1, but not in the two other selenoproteins, than did rats provided 0.1 ppm selenium. Most of the liver and blood selenium in rats provided 1.0 ppm selenium was insoluble and in an unknown chemical form. The tissue accumulation of unrecoverable selenium was apparently a response to the high dietary level of selenium. The proportion of selenium in plasma selenoprotein P, a putative selenium-transport protein, reflected the long-term selenium status of rats and varied from approximately 11-58% depending on the level of selenium supplementation. Turnover of selenium from this protein was affected by the dietary selenium of the rats. The results indicate that selenium incorporation into plasma selenoprotein P and selenoprotein P1 is affected by diet in ways that may reflect their importance to the rat.     

Selenium utilization during human lactation by use of stable-isotope tracers

We examined utilization of selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenite in six lactating (L) and six nonlactating (NL) women, 2-3 mo postpartum, and seven never-pregnant (NP) women by use of stable-isotope tracers. All groups had similar selenium status at the start of the study. Significantly more selenium from SeMet than from selenite was absorbed and appeared in plasma in all groups. Milk contained more selenium from apparently absorbed SeMet than from selenite. More selenium from apparently absorbed selenite than from SeMet appeared in urine of NP and NL subjects whereas L subjects had approximately the same amount of selenium from apparently absorbed selenite and SeMet in their urine. All groups retained significantly more selenium from SeMet than from selenite; L women retained more selenium from selenite than did the other two groups. Absorption and retention of selenium from SeMet in L women did not appear to be significantly different from that in other women, suggesting that selenium requirements during lactation are increased mainly because of milk losses.     

Selenium uptake by larval Chironomus decorus from a Ruppia maritima-based benthic/detrital substrate

Elevated levels of selenium have led to the contamination of several aquatic ecosystems. Much of the selenium contamination has resulted from agricultural irrigation and drainage of seleniferous soils. Disposal of selenium contaminated drainwater in evaporation ponds has led to selenium bioaccumulation and toxicity in waterfowl and shorebirds using these ponds. Studies have demonstrated that it is a seleno-amino acid that causes the observed toxicity. However, selenate is the dominant form of selenium in agricultural drainwater, and the biotransformation of selenate into seleno-amino acids has been shown to be greatly limited relative to the more reduced selenium species. We hypothesize that it is in the benthic zone, where the reducing environment facilitates conversion of selenate to selenium forms more conducive to biotransformation, that most biotransformation and subsequent bioaccumulation of seleno-amino acids takes place, and that movement of selenium into the benthic-detrital food chain is a key pathway leading to selenium bioaccumulation. This hypothesis was investigated by conducting laboratory benthic-detrital food chain experiments using the common evaporation pond macrophyte Ruppia maritima as the benthic-detrital substrate. Larval Chironomus decorus were reared on the contaminated Ruppia substrate, and the resulting bioaccumulation and toxicity in the larvae were determined.     

硒和镉对大鼠肝细胞DNA损伤的联合作用

应用单细胞凝胶电泳研究硒和镉对大鼠肝细胞ＤＮＡ损伤的联合作用。结果表明，硒和镉在浓度超过８．７５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，均可引起细胞ＤＮＡ损伤，硒引起的损伤程度较镉轻。在８．７５、１７．５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度条件下，当硒和镉联合作用时所致ＤＮＡ损伤程度明显低于相同剂量下硒、镉的单独作用，而在３５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度条件下，硒镉联合作用所致ＤＮＡ损伤与硒、镉单独作用时比较，差异无显著性。本研究结果提示，在一定剂量时，硒和镉致大鼠肝细胞ＤＮＡ损伤存在拮抗作用。     

胃癌患者血清及癌组织中硒含量的对比研究

作者对30例胃癌患者血清硒含量及其中18例胃癌组织样本硒含量的研究发现:胃癌患者的血清硒含量远远低于健康人(P<0.001),而癌组织样本的硒含量却明显高于同源正常胃壁组织(P<0.01),关于胃癌组织中硒含量测定目前报告甚少。作者认为:(1)人群中血清硒水平与胃癌的发生呈负相关。这同目前的大多数报道相同。(2)胃癌患者癌组织中硒含量高于正常胃壁表明,硒有肿瘤的趋向性和浓集现象,这给补硒抗癌研究提供了乐观的前景,对进一步研究补硒时机、补硒利弊、补硒途径及补硒量都有帮助。(3)胃癌病人硒的分布特点可能会更加导致血清硒的降低。(4)作者提醒大家注意:少数胃癌患者血清晒含量接近正常值,所以一定要注意假阴性结果的出现,甚至发生误诊。