Research progress on regulations on nerve-endocrine-immune network by acupuncture

In order to explore the mechanism for the functions of acupuncture on nerve-endocrine-immune (NEI) network, authors carried out systematical analysis on the research progress of regulations on nerve-endocrine-immune network by acupuncture, and investigated current problems and future development tendency. It was found that NEI network was the biological basis for human body to maintain homeostasis and it utilized common medium for transmitting information, and the regulations by acupuncture may activate NEI network or its common medium. Science of acupuncture and moxibustion is the systematical science focusing on integrative regulations, and continuous development of system biology and omics techniques have enabled systematical assurance and comprehensive understanding of network regulatory effects and mechanisms by acupuncture to become new development tendencies.     

针灸作用原理的基本规律、特征和优势

系统回顾了中国针灸作用原理五十年研究工作。认为针灸作用的基本特征是调节作用，包括整体性调节和双向性调节两方面。针灸作用的基本规律是通过调控神经一内分泌一免疫网络途径实现其效应，具有多环节和多靶向特点。针灸作用原理研究的优势在于，为现代生命科学提供研究思路，丰富生命科学内涵，并成为最有望取得原始创新突破的我国传统学科领域。     

穴位局部Toll样受体4与针刺信息启动

针刺是通过将针刺入穴位,调动机体固有的神经-内分泌-免疫网络而发挥效应的,但针刺作为一种物理性刺激,要实现对机体固有系统的调节,必须首先将物理性信号转化为生物性信号。Toll样受体4(TLR 4)作为一种重要的模式识别受体,不仅可以识别外源性的病原体相关分子模式,还可识别内源性的损伤相关分子模式,并且其与机体的神经、免疫系统有着密切的关系。笔者从TLR 4与针刺信号转换、针刺临床现象、相关针刺作用机制3个方面进行探讨,发现穴位局部的TLR 4可能参与针刺信息启动。     

针灸治疗糖尿病50年重大进展概述

将我国近50年来针灸对糖尿病的临床治疗和实验研究的重大进展进行了综述。分别从方法学、治疗学的若干原则以及对糖代谢、胰腺内分泌激素、胰岛素抵抗、神经内分泌免疫网络、主要并发症的作用影响作了系统评价，对新世纪本病治疗的展望提出了建设性意见。     

针麻与药麻对机体免疫反应的影响

<正> 关于针刺麻醉或药物麻醉对机体的防卫免疫系统的影响国内外屡有报道。Mclean等(1975)指出,在术后感染发生中,无论在发病率或发病的严重程度方面,病人的免疫状态起主要作用。因此,采用合理的麻醉方法对于提高镇痛效果与减少术后感染并发症具有重要意义。药麻手术后感染并发症的发病率相当高,根据1964年的综合统计资料,创口感染占全部术后创口的7.5％。和指出,大约1/3手术病人术后发生化脓性感染并发     

OBSERVATION ON CURATIVE EFFECTS OF BEATING-ACUPUNCTURE ON 100 CASES OF CERVICAL SPONDYLOPATHY

Beating-acupuncturetherapyisdevelopedbychiefphysicianLiXutang,anassociatedirec-torofJingdezhenMunicipalFirstHospita1,basedon"non-invasivepainacupuncturetheory"ofprofessorWeiJia.ItusesadistinctiveneedlinginstrumentandincorporatesthestrongPOintsofdigitalacupointpressure,massageandscrappingtherapyasawholewithnontraumaticpain,saftyandreliability,andithasbeenwellreceivedbypatients.Since1992,wehavetreat-ed1Oocasesofcervicalspondyloparthywiththistherapyand5Ocasestreatedbyfiliform-needleacupunctur…     

针灸降压机理的研究概况

就近10年有关针灸降压作用的神经调节、体液调节及外周血管阻力调节等不同起效途径及它们之间关系的研究进行概述,并指出目前研究有待进一步完善的3个方面:降压穴位筛选与组合的机制研究、针灸降压时效和量效关系及神经-内分泌-免疫系统作用的机理研究。     

针刺治疗慢性原发性血小板减少性紫癜37例近期疗效观察

<正> 慢性原发性血小板减少性紫癜(以下简称 ITP)是常见的出血性疾病,目前缺乏特效疗法,为了探索治疗本病的新方法,我们于1987年10月21日至11月26日,对37名ITP 患者进行针刺治疗,同时设中药对照治疗11名,发现针刺对本病确有疗效,现报导如下。     

融合中医知识库的虚拟针灸三维浏览器

目的建立融合中医知识库的虚拟针灸三维浏览器,实时显示腧穴的三维解剖结构并模拟针刺过程,实现人机交互操作。方法在腧穴三维解剖结构的显示基础上,结合语义网络法设计的中医知识库体系,利用VOXEL—MAN的脚本控制系统设计动画脚本,生成QTVR格式的智能双层动画,将人体图像内容和中医知识库有机融合。通过浏览器界面,对动画进行交互式调用,模拟针刺的过程。结果以哑门穴为例,虚拟针刺智能动画清楚地显示了腧穴的解剖结构,直观地表达了进针层次和进针意外。结论虚拟针灸三维浏览器逼真地展现了虚拟针刺,详细地描述了针灸层次解剖学和断面解剖学知识。     

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON OPHTHALMOPLEGIA TREATED BASED ON SYNDROME DIFFERENTIATION

Clinical pathway of TCM in treating ophthalmoplegia, established by The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of TCM, has been brought into the 2nd batch of clinical pathway of the State Administration of TCM.We conducted a multicenter comparative study with 14 hospitals within the state.A total of 260 patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a comparative group.Ophthalmoplegia in treatment group was typed into supranuclear, nuclear, internuclear and ocular, and patients were treated by the combination of scalp cluster needling, ocular acupuncture and distal point selection according to the clinical pathway.Supranuclear ophthalmoplegia patients were given scalp cluster needling on parietal and nuchal region; internuclear ophthalmoplegia patients were given scalp cluster needling on occipital and nuchal region with ocular acupuncture; nuclear ones were given scalp cluster needling on occipital and nuchal region with ocular acupuncture combining with distal point selection; and ocular ones were given ocular acupuncture combining with distal point selection.The therapy lasted 30 min once daily, and 4 weeks as 1 course.The control group received 1.5 mg/d of mecobalamin in three divided doses after meals for 4 weeks.Curative effects were determined by TCM criterion of therapeutic effect.The research resulted 92% effective rate in the treatment group and 75% in the control group with significant difference(P0.05).That proves that treating ophthalmoplegia based on syndrome differentiation is superior to the mecobalamin group and the therapy is worth extension and application.     

从脑-肠轴角度探讨肠易激综合征的中医治疗

脑-肠轴学说认为肠易激综合征不仅仅是肠道疾病,还与中枢神经系统相关,是神经免疫内分泌网络调控失衡所致。中医治疗的多靶点效应与脑-肠轴、脑肠肽的关联。基于脑-肠轴理论的中医治疗方法有:中药经方、中药验方、中药灌肠、及推拿、针灸等。脑-肠轴理论与中医药相结合,规范研究中医药治疗肠易激综合征的疗效,深入探索中医药治疗肠易激综合征的机理,能充分发挥中医药特色与优势。     

中药配合针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床分析

目的：观察腰椎间盘突出症分别用中药、针灸与中药配合针灸治疗的效果。方法：选取腰椎间盘突出患者135例分成三组,每组各45例,第一组采用中药治疗,第二组采用针灸治疗,第三组采用中药配合针灸治疗。结果：在中药、针灸两组疗效率差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,说明中药、针灸两组治疗方法疗效相同;而中药、针灸与中药合针灸三组疗效差异有显著性（P〈0.05）,说明针药配合治疗方法疗效优于单独采用中药或针灸治疗。结论：针药配合治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效较好。     

针灸在实验性糖尿病和其他内分泌代谢相关性疾病中的作用研究进展

综述近年针灸在实验性糖尿病和其他内分泌代谢相关性疾病 (EMAD)中应用的研究进展。资料表明 ,针灸可用于治疗糖尿病和糖尿病慢性并发症 (血管、神经、视网膜病变等 ) ,以及改善Ⅱ型糖尿病及EMAD的胰岛素抵抗 (IR)作用 ;并对针刺的治疗作用进行了作用机制的探讨。     

DISSOCIATION OF THE ACUPUNCTURE EFFECT OF SOMATOSENSORY NEEDLING AND NEEDLING CREDIBILITY ON LOW BACK PAIN PATIENTS USING fMRI

Background: Sham acupuncture as well as real acupuncture, a specific form of needling, is known to reduce low back pain(LBP), but the brain mechanism of placebo effect in sham acupuncture has not been clearly understood.We devised a novel form of sham acupuncture, so called phantom acupuncture which induces needling credibility without somatosensory needling.And we aimed to dissociate the brain correlates with somatosensory needling and needling credibility effect.Methods: Thirty LBP patients were randomized into the real(REAL, n=15) and phantom acupuncture(PHNT, n=15) groups.Sensory threshold and LBP intensity(VAS) were measured before and after the fMRI scanning.During the scanning, two steady state pain sessions were scanned before and after acupuncture stimulation(using low-back extension pain-model) and pain intensity(PAIN) induced by the pain model was collected.In acupuncture session, the REAL group got real acupuncture, while the PHNT group got only the visual stimulation(recorded needling manipulation video) to create needling credibility.Autonomic response of heart rate(HR) and skin conductance(SC), and acupuncture sensation were measured.Results: There was greater SC response, acupuncture sensation, signal increase in sensorimotor network(SMN), periaqueductal grey(PAG) and nucleus accumbense(NAC), and greater signal decrease in default mode network(DMN) in the REAL group.Also increase in vibration detection threshold and decrease in PAIN were observed.The HR decrease and signal increase in salience network(SLN), as well as the decrease in pressure pain threshold and unpleasantness of PAIN were observed both in the REAL and PHNT group.In the PHNT group, decrease in VAS was found.Different correlation between the change in outcome measure and the change in resting state network connectivity was found.Conclusion: Physical information processing and placebo/analgesic brain area were involved in somatosensory needling effect, while cognitive processing was related to the needling credibility effect.     

脑内多巴胺能神经系统对电针镇痛的影响

<正> 多巴胺(DA)是重要的单胺类神经递质,脑内DA能神经系统与许多方面的脑机能状态密切相关,如情绪、精神病及锥体外运动等等。已有的实验资料证明针刺可激发脑内DA能系统,使DA及其代谢产物高香草酸在脑内含量明显升高。但脑内DA能系统机能对针刺镇痛的影响如何,有着不同的看法。无关、对抗和协同三种意见都有。本实验利用DA受体激动剂阿扑吗啡(Apomorphine)和DA受体拮抗剂     

针刺对肾虚动物IL_2-IFN-NKC免疫调节网的影响

<正> 近年来,国内外学者提出了白细胞介素2-干扰素-自然杀伤细胞(IL_2-IFN-NKC)免疫调节网这一新理论。IL_2对TH和T_c有生长维持作用,能显著增加干扰素的生成,增     

OBSERVATION ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY FOR SIMPLE OBESITY COMPLICATED WITH PREMENSTRUAL TENSION SYNDROME

FromJanuaryof1998toDecemberof2001,the authorsofthepresentpaperadoptedacu moxibustion therapytotreat39casesofsimpleobesitycomplicated withpremenstrualtensionsyndromeandachievedsat isfactoryresults.Followingisthereport.1CLINICALDATA1.1Generaldata Allthe39casesofsimpleobesitywithconcur rentpremenstrualtensionsyndromewereoutpatients fromtheAmbulantClinicofNanjingUniversityof TCM.Theyoungestwas16yearsandtheoldest38years,withanaverageof25.4years.Theshortest durationofdisease(obesity)was4yea…     

原发性痛经的中医治疗进展

收集了近五年来中医治疗原发性痛经的相关资料，分别从中医内服外治等不同治法以及内外同治进行了综述。重点叙述了周期疗法，针药结合，药物外敷等临床疗效显著的方法，并提出了自己的展望。     

清热利湿化瘀汤联合针灸治疗慢性盆腔炎湿热瘀结证临床研究

目的：观察清热利湿化瘀汤联合针灸治疗慢性盆腔炎湿热瘀结证的临床疗效。方法：将120例病例随机分为针药组、中药组、针灸组,每组各40例,中药组给予口服清热利湿化瘀汤,针灸组给予针刺三阴交、气海等穴位,针药组口服清热利湿化瘀汤同时给予针灸治疗,各组疗程均为2个月。观察3组的临床疗效,临床症状及体征改善情况,实验室指标变化,复发情况。结果：与治疗前比较,治疗后,针药组与中药组、针灸组总有效率明显提升（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,3组在腹痛、下腹坠胀、腰酸、带下增多、痛经、月经失调、神疲乏力、附件增厚、盆腔压痛、盆腔包块等临床症状及体征方面均有明显的改善（P＜0.05）;治疗后,针药组较中药组、针灸组临床症状及体征改善有更明显的优势（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,3组在宫颈或阴道黏液脓性分泌物、阴道分泌物湿片镜下白细胞、白细胞总数、中性粒细胞绝对值等均有明显的改善（P＜0.05）;治疗后,针药组较中药组、针灸组有更明显的优势（P＜0.05）。治疗结束6、9、12个月后,针药组的复发率明显低于中药组及针灸组（P＜0.05）。结论：清热利湿化瘀汤联合针灸治疗慢性盆腔炎湿热瘀结证疗效显著,优于单纯中药及单纯针灸治疗,值得临床推广。     

尾核胆碱能活力对针刺镇痛的影响

<正> 尾核在针刺镇痛中具有重要作用,又是脑内乙酰胆碱(ACh)含量最高的核团。文献报道尾核内注射抗胆碱药东茛菪碱可阻断针刺镇痛,最近我们观察到针刺镇痛时家兔尾核ACh释放增加,提示尾核胆碱能系统可能参与针刺镇痛。密胆碱(HC-3)可竞争性抑制生物膜主动转运胆碱的过程,抑制ACh生物合成。毒扁豆碱可竞争性抑制胆碱酯酶,抑制ACh降解。为了进一步了解尾核胆碱能系统在针刺镇痛中的作用,本工作采用尾核内微量注射药物的方法,观察了HC-3和毒扁豆碱对针刺镇痛的影响。