阿立哌唑与奎硫平治疗老年期精神分裂症对照研究

目的：比较阿立哌唑与奎硫平对老年期精神分裂症的疗效和安全性。方法：将86例老年期精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,分别选用奎硫平或阿立哌唑治疗,疗程12周,采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）及治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定疗效和不良反应。结果：治疗12周后两组PANSS评分较治疗前均显著下降。阿立哌唑组显效率69.76%,有效率88.37%,奎硫平组显效率72.09%,有效率90.70%,两组差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论：阿立哌唑与奎硫平治疗老年期精神分裂症均有肯定疗效,安全性高。     

阿立哌唑与奎硫平治疗首发精神分裂症对照分析

目的:评价阿立哌唑与奎硫平对治疗首发精神分裂症患者的有效性和安全性。方法:对85例首发精神分裂症患者,随机分为阿立哌唑组及奎硫平组进行治疗,分别在治疗前及治疗2,4,8周末采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定临床疗效,用治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定药物不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑能有效治疗首发精神分裂症的阳性症状及阴性症状,疗效与奎硫平相当,不良反应较奎硫平更少。结论:阿立哌唑是一种有效而安全的新型抗精神病药。     

奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗少儿精神分裂症对照研究

目的:比较奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗少儿精神分裂症的疗效及不良反应。方法:随机将60例少儿精神分裂症患者平分为两组。以奎硫平或阿立哌唑治疗。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)和副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应,分别在治疗前及治疗2、4、6、8周各评定1次。并在治疗前及治疗4、8周作血常规,心电图,脑电图和肝、肾功能,体质量(体重)检查。结果:2药对少儿精神分裂症的疗效相当,二者在中毒行为、神经系统、消化系统症状及体质量增加方面的差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:奎硫平与阿立哌唑对少儿精神分裂症安全有效。     

奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症对照研究

目的：探讨奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症的临床疗效与安全性。方法：将70例首发精神分裂症患者，随机分为奎硫平组35例，阿立哌唑组35例，疗程8周。采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定疗效，采用治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果：奎硫平组的治疗总有效率为85．7％，阿立哌唑组的治疗总有效率为82．9％，两组疗效差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：奎硫平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症均有良好效果，不良反应均较轻。     

丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗精神分裂症的辅助作用

目的:探讨阿立哌唑合用丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗难治性精神分裂症患者的疗效及安全性。方法:60例难治性精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,分别给予阿立哌唑合用丙戊酸镁缓释片与阿立哌唑单用治疗,疗程8周。用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)和治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定疗效和不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑合用丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗难治性精神分裂症的疗效优于单用阿立哌唑(P<0.05);两组不良反应差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:阿立哌唑合用丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗难治性精神分裂症疗效好,安全性好。     

喹硫平与阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者糖脂代谢影响的对照观察

目的探讨喹硫平与阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者的体质量、血糖和血脂代谢的影响。方法对驻马店市精神病医院的门诊及住院的首发精神分裂症患者,随机分为喹硫平组(104例)和阿立哌唑组(100例),分别于治疗前和治疗后2周、4周、8周末,用PANSS量表评定病情,并进行空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇及体质量测定。结果 (1)两种药物疗效相当。PANSS量表测定:阿立哌唑显效率60.4%,喹硫平组57.2%。(2)阿立哌唑组治疗前后空腹血糖、体质量、甘油三酯水平无明显变化。喹硫平组在治疗前后血糖变化不明显,而体质量、血脂在治疗后4周升高明显。结论阿立哌唑对糖脂代谢及体质量的影响小,而喹硫平对体质量、脂代谢有影响。     

喹硫平和阿立哌唑治疗双相情感障碍的临床分析

目的 观察喹硫平和阿立哌唑治疗双相情感障碍的临床效果.方法 100例双相情感障碍患者根据入院顺序分为治疗组与对照组各50例.治疗组给予喹硫平治疗,对照组给予阿立哌唑治疗.结果 治疗组的PANSS阳性症状分、阴性症状分、一般精神病理分及总分明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.同时治疗组的失眠、体质量增加、惊厥与低血压等总体不良反应发生率明显少于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论 阿立哌唑,喹硫平可显著改善双相情感障碍患者的不良症状,安全性较好,喹硫平优于阿立哌唑,值得推广应用.     

奥氮平、奎硫平与阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者血清甲状腺激素和催乳素水平的影响

目的:探讨非典型抗精神病药奥氮平、奎硫平、阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者血清甲状腺激素和催乳素(PRL)水平的影响方法:将150例精神分裂症患者随机分为奥氮平、奎硫平及阿立哌唑组并接受相应的药物治疗8周。治疗前后分别检测血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、总甲状腺素(T4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)及PRL水平。结果:治疗后3组血清FT4、T3、T4水平较治疗前明显下降(P均0.01);T4组间主效应有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后奎硫平组血清T4水平较奥氮平组下降更明显(P0.05);治疗后奥氮平组血清PRL水平明显高于治疗前及奎硫平及阿立哌唑组(P均0.01),并具有交互作用(P0.01)。结论:奥氮平、奎硫平、阿立哌唑都降低甲状腺激素水平,奎硫平更易降低T4水平;奥氮平显著影响血清PRL水平。     

较低剂量氯氮平合并阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者体质量及糖脂代谢的影响

目的:探讨较低剂量氯氮平合并阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者体质量及糖脂代谢的影响.方法:选取2008年3月至2010年3月我院住院精神分裂症患者92例,随机分为研究组和对照组,研究组给予较低剂量氯氮平合并阿立哌唑治疗,对照组给予单纯氯氮平治疗.两组观察疗程24周.两组患者分别在治疗前、治疗12周及24周对其体质量、身高、血糖、餐后2h血糖、三酰甘油及胆固醇进行测定,并做统计分析. 结果:与对照组相比,研究组治疗前后体质量及糖脂代谢变化显著较小(P均＜0.01).研究组体质量、血糖及三酰甘油异常率明显低于对照组(P均＜0.01). 结论:较低剂量氯氮平合并阿立哌唑治疗与单用较高剂量氯氮平相比,对精神分裂症患者体质量及糖脂代谢影响较小.     

齐拉西酮联合小剂量奎硫平治疗首次发病老年精神分裂症患者的对照研究

目的:探讨齐拉西酮联合小剂量奎硫平及齐拉西酮单药治疗首次发病的老年精神分裂症患者的疗效及对糖脂代谢的影响。方法:72例首次发病的老年期精神分裂症患者随机分为齐拉西酮联合小剂量奎硫平组(研究组)和齐拉西酮组(对照组)各36例,疗程8周。治疗前后给予阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、临床总体印象量表(CGI-SI)及治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定,比较两组体质量、血糖及血脂的变化。结果:治疗后两组PANSS及CGI-SI总分均较治疗前明显下降(P均0.01);且研究组减分明显多于对照组(P0.05或P0.01);总有效率研究组(88.9%)明显高于对照组(77.8%)(Z=2.101,P0.05)。治疗后两组血糖及血脂水平无明显变化且两组间差异无统计学意义;研究组体质量较治疗前及对照组明显增加(P均0.05);两组TESS评分和药物不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论:齐拉西酮联合小剂量奎硫平治疗首次发病的老年精神分裂症患者的疗效优于单用齐拉西酮治疗,对血糖、血脂影响较小,但导致体质量的增加。     

Satisfaction with quality of life varies with temperament types of patients with schizophrenia

We sought to explore the relationships of three temperament factors with domain-specific subjective quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia. Ninety patients with schizophrenia were evaluated using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale, the Distress Scale for Adverse Symptoms, the Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire, the Insight Self-Report Scale, and standardized questionnaires for self-reported emotional distress and stress process-related variables. Predictors of domain-specific QOL were identified using multiple regression techniques. Temperament factors explain 6% to 16% of variability in QOL domain scores among patients with schizophrenia after controlling for the remaining variables (emotional distress, social support, self-esteem, avoidance coping, age, side effects, and depression). We found that higher levels of novelty seeking are associated with better general QOL, physical health, and more positive subjective feelings, whereas higher levels of reward dependence are related to better satisfaction from social relationships. Higher levels of harm avoidance are associated with poorer satisfaction with general activities, and medication. Thus, temperament factors, as assessed by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, substantially influence satisfaction with life quality in schizophrenia. Novelty seeking, reward dependence, and harm avoidance are associated with different domains of QOL.     

Treatment of patients with tardive dystonia with olanzapine

Tardive dystonia represents a complication of long-term use of neuroleptics and its treatment is often unsatisfactory. Atypical neuroleptics appear to improve tardive dystonia, and cases of tardive dystonia successfully managed with clozapine have been reported. The aim of this open-label video-blinded study was to evaluate the antidystonic efficacy of olanzapine, a new atypical neuroleptic with a low risk of agranulocytosis, in a group of four patients (one man and three women) with tardive cervical dystonia. They developed severe dystonia after several years of neuroleptic treatment. Extensive laboratory evaluations, as well as neurophysiologic and neuroradiologic investigations, were negative. Olanzapine was started at a dose of 5 mg/d and increased up to 7.5 mg/d. All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment, using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, and videotaped. At the end of the trial, the videotapes were reviewed and scored by a blind observer. A self-rating visual analog scale completed the disability evaluation.A moderate to marked improvement in dystonia was observed in all patients, and significant differences were observed in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale scores and videotape ratings after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment compared with the basal values (p < 0.05). The average percentage of improvement in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale score and visual analog scale was 26.4% and 42.6%, respectively. No serious side effects were reported at the maximum dosage reached (7.5 mg/d). This study warrants a larger controlled study to conclusively demonstrate the efficacy of olanzapine in tardive dystonia.     

Compliance with health regimens of adolescents with epilepsy

The purpose of this paper was to describe the compliance of adolescents with epilepsy and some factors connected to it. Altogether 300 individuals with epilepsy aged 13-17 years were randomly selected from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution's register. Every fifth person on the list was included in the sample. Seventy-seven per cent (n= 232) of the selected adolescents with epilepsy returned a questionnaire sent to them relating to compliance. The data were analysed using the SPSS software. Twenty-two per cent of the adolescents with epilepsy felt that they complied fully with their suggested health regimens, while 44% placed themselves in the category of "satisfactory compliance", and the remaining 34% reported poor compliance. Compliance with their recommended life-style was poorest, while the highest degree of compliance was recorded for medication. Background variables, such as the duration of the disease, exercise, smoking, alcohol-intake and the number of seizures, were statistically significantly related to compliance (P< 0.001). Good motivation, a strong sense of normality, experience of results, subjective outcome, energy and will-power, support from parents, physicians and nurses, and a positive attitude towards to the disease and its treatment, no threat to social and emotional well-being and no fears of complications and no fear of seizures explained good compliance (P< 0.001).     

血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的预后分析

目的分析血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形(CAVM)并发癫痫患者的预后情况。方法选择2013年3月至2017年6月收治的符合诊断标准的CAVM并发癫痫发作患者49例为研究对象,分析血管内栓塞治疗后患者的临床症状、生活质量(QOLIE-31)改善情况。结果患者经血管内栓塞治疗后,QOLIE-31各项指标(除了药物影响)评分均明显提高,高于治疗前(P0.05);Spetzler-Martin分级与Engel分级的I~II级例数多于治疗前(P0.05),同时Spetzler-Martin分级I~II级生活质量评分(76.04±18.33)分明显高于III~V级的(65.65±16.76)分(P0.05);Engel分级I~II级的生活质量评分(75.25±17.78)分明显高于III~V级的(66.23±13.22)分(P0.05);血管内栓塞比例80%的生活质量总评分(78.37±18.87)分明显高于栓塞比例80%的(64.16±16.92)分(P0.05);术后患者的头疼症状中重度例数明显低于治疗前(P0.01);患者的NIHSS评分和MRS评分均明显低于治疗前,头疼症状的生活质量评分高于治疗前(均P0.05)。结论血管内栓塞能明显改善未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的头疼症状、癫痫发作情况、神经功能缺损,提高血管内栓塞比例能够提高患者生活质量。