多层螺旋CT血管造影对胰腺癌侵犯胰周血管的判断

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT血管造影对胰腺癌侵犯胰周血管的判断及其意义。方法:使用Toshiba Aquilion 16层螺旋CT对胰腺癌患者扫描后,进行动脉期和门脉期胰周主要血管CTA三维成像。以三维图像为主,对胰周血管是否受累进行判别及评价,并与手术对照。结果:其中手术病人42例,CTA显示血管受侵28例,术中所见血管受侵29例。CTA判断血管受侵敏感性为96.43%,特异性为85.71%,χ2=0.333,P=0.564>0.05,胰周血管是否受侵术前CTA判断与手术判断在统计学上没有差异。结论:术前CTA判断胰腺癌的胰周血管是否受侵对手术具有前瞻性指导意义。     

多排螺旋CT在胰腺癌术前评估中的应用

目的 探讨多排螺旋CT(MDCT)在胰腺癌术前评估中的价值.方法 对53例经手术病理证实的胰腺癌患者进行MDCT扫描,结合多平面重组(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、曲面重建(CPR)、容积再现(VR)等后处理技术,综合评价癌肿与周围主要血管、脏器的关系及肝脏、腹膜、腹腔淋巴结转移情况,对胰腺癌作出能否切除的术前评估.结果 53例手术患者中,16例行根治性手术切除,14例术前判断正确,2例术前误判为不可切除,均为对肿瘤侵及血管的过度评价.37例行姑息性手术,5例误判为可切除.1例为腹腔淋巴结转移的漏诊,1例未提示肝内转移灶,3例为对肿瘤侵犯血管的低估.结论 MDCT对胰腺癌术前可切除性的评估具有重要的临床指导意义.     

多层螺旋CT对评价胰腺癌可切除性的作用

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT评价胰腺癌的可切除性，并与手术比较。方法 使用TOSHIBA Aquilion16层螺旋CT，对67例临床胰腺癌患者行动态增强CT扫描，判断胰腺病变大小，评价及判别胰周血管是否受累，观察肝脏及腹膜后淋巴结是否转移，判别胰腺癌的影像学可切除性，结合手术及病理结果，进行统计学分析。结果 CT增强扫描判断胰腺癌可切除性的敏感性72．72％，特异性98．21％。通过卡方检验，x^2=1．000，P〉0．05，胰腺癌可切除性的术前CT判断与外科手术判断在统计学上没有差异。结论 CT判断胰腺癌可切除性对选择手术方式具有前瞻性指导意义。     

喉癌的CT分期(附91例CT一病理对照分析)

目的探讨CT对喉癌术前分期的准确性.材料与方法91例经手术切除的喉癌,用CT观察肿瘤的侵犯范围、有无喉软骨受侵及颈部淋巴结转移;按双盲法根据CT征象进行分期并与手术病理结果对照分析.结果CT术前肿瘤(T)分期的准确性为84%,诊断颈部淋巴结转移及喉软骨受侵的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别是80%、94%、91%和70%、96%、93%,判断肿瘤侵犯周围结构的准确性在87%～100%之间.结论CT能很好地显示肿瘤的侵犯范围及有无颈部淋巴结转移,对喉癌的术前分期有较高的准确性,失误的主要原因包括不能显示轻微的甲状软骨破坏、不易诊断正常大小的颈部淋巴结转移.     

螺旋CT对胰腺癌的诊断及术前评估

主要从胰腺癌病灶本身及邻近受累器官的CT表现、胰周血管受侵、胰周淋巴结及远处转移灶的CT表现等几方面总结了螺旋CT在胰腺癌的诊断及术前评估中所发挥的重要作用.其中着重强调了螺旋CT对判定胰腺癌可切除性的指导意义,并详细介绍了螺旋CT对胰周血管重建的研究.     

MDCT能谱成像在胰腺癌术前分期的临床应用价值

目的通过分析经病理证实的15例不可切除胰腺癌的能谱成像,探讨多排螺旋CT能谱成像在胰腺癌不可切除征象的价值方法采用GE宝石能谱CT Discovery CT750 HD(HDCT)及德国Arich双筒高压注射器行宝石能谱CT平扫、GSI双期增强扫描。在工作站上进行GSI分析。结果原发灶与转移淋巴结的单能量衰减曲线均是平行的,斜率相同;多发的各转移淋巴结之间单能量衰减曲线是重叠;血管内瘤栓与原发灶的单能量衰减曲线重合,而血管内血栓的单能量衰减曲线明显低平,与原发灶的单能量衰减曲线存在着明显差别;单能量衰减曲线显示病灶周围脂肪有浸润者能谱曲线与原发灶具有相同的斜率,曲线位于病灶与正常的腹腔脂肪曲线之间;单能量衰减曲线显示肝转移瘤与原发灶能谱曲线几乎重叠,各肝转移瘤之间具有完全相同的能谱曲线。肝囊肿曲线低平,和原发灶具有完全不同的斜率;单能量衰减曲线显示转移部位和原发灶曲线重叠,而与正常的胃肠道结构曲线存在差异。结论通过能谱分析,进一步分析病变的组织成分,有助于肿瘤的浸润、转移及预后的判断,为胰腺癌是否可行手术切除提供了重要依据。     

螺旋CT扫描对胃癌淋巴结转移的术前评估

目的:评估螺旋CT扫描对显示胃癌淋巴结转移的应用价值.材料和方法:76例经上消化道造影或胃镜诊断的胃癌患者,术前行水充盈法螺旋CT三期扫描;CT所见与手术病理结果对照.结果:螺旋CT扫描对胃癌淋巴结转移显示的敏感性为70%,特异性达79.2%;淋巴结的大小、形态及强化特征有助于阳性淋巴结的诊断.结论:螺旋CT扫描术前评估胃癌淋巴结转移有较大的临床应用价值.     

螺旋CT对胰腺癌的诊断及术前评估

主要从胰腺癌病灶本身及邻近受累器官的CT表现、胰周血管受侵、胰周淋巴结及远处转移灶的CT表现等几方面总结了螺旋CT在胰腺癌的诊断及术前评估中所发挥的重要作用。其中着重强调了螺旋CT对判定胰腺癌可切除性的指导意义，并详细介绍了螺旋CT对胰周血管重建的研究。     

食管癌侵犯气管-支气管和下肺静脉的术前CT探讨

目的探讨术前CT检查判断食管癌外侵气管-支气管和下肺静脉的价值.方法 30例经病理学检查确诊的食管癌患者进行术前的CT检查及分析.气管-支气管受侵判别标准气管-支气管有明显移位、受压并有管壁不规则变形或有肿物凸入气管、支气管腔内为受侵,否则为未受侵.肿瘤包绕下肺静脉或肿瘤与下肺静脉分界不清时,考虑为下肺静脉受侵.结果 30例食管癌患者气管-支气管受侵CT诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为100.00%、88.00%及90.00%;下肺静脉受侵的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为100.00%、92.86%及93.33%.结论术前CT检查判断食管癌有否外侵气管-支气管及下肺静脉价值较大.     

3.0TMRI多期增强扫描术前评估胰腺癌可切除性

目的：探讨3.0T MRI多期增强扫描在胰腺癌可切除性评估中的价值。方法对行3.0T MRI 多期增强扫描并经手术病理证实为胰腺癌的38例患者,分析 MRI图像,观察肿瘤对周围血管及邻近器官侵犯、远处转移和腹膜后淋巴结转移情况,作出能否切除的术前评估;并与手术结果比较。结果38例胰腺癌中,32例位于胰头,4例位于胰体,2例位于胰尾。19例术前 MRI认为肿瘤可切除,实际成功切除17例,可切除的阳性预测值为89.5%。另外19例术前MRI认为无法切除,实际手术探查后发现均无法切除。不可手术切除的主要原因包括胰周主要血管受侵、肝转移、淋巴结转移及腹膜种植转移。结论 MRI多期增强在胰腺癌可切除性评估中具有重要价值,可为临床选择合适的治疗方案提供参考依据。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).