皮肌炎/多发性肌炎患者糖皮质激素受体的研究

目的探讨皮肌炎，多发性肌炎患者外周血单个核细胞糖皮质激素受体（GR）的变化意义及其机制。方法采用放射配基结合位点分析法与反转录聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）方法检测36例皮肌炎，多发性肌炎治疗前后及30名正常对照组外周血单个核细胞糖皮质激素受体位点数及GRmRNA表达水平，同时采用放射免疫分析法检测患者血中糖皮质激素水平。结果皮肌炎，多发性肌炎患者血中糖皮质激素水平与正常对照组相比，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；而糖皮质激素受体位点数[位点，细胞]及GRmRNA表达水平，较正常对照组降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；治疗前糖皮质激素受体位点数[位点，细胞]及GRmRNA表达水平高者，治疗效果好，而治疗前糖皮质激素受体位点数[位点，细胞]及GRmRNA表达水平低者治疗效果差。结论皮肌炎，多发性肌炎患者糖皮质激素受体位点数及GRmRNA表达水平降低，糖皮质激素受体的变化不仅与皮肌炎，多发性肌炎的发病有关，还与治疗反应有关。皮肌炎，多发性肌炎患者糖皮质激素受体位点目的减少可能与GRmRNA表达水平降低有关。     

多发性硬化患者糖皮质激素受体含量与疗效的关系

目的探讨多发性硬化(MS)患者外周血白细胞糖皮质激素受体(GR)含量与糖皮质激素的治疗效果关系。方法用放射免疫法和放射配体结合法测定25例MS患者的血浆皮质醇(F)含量和血白细胞GR含量。结果MS患者血浆F含量与正常对照组无明显差异,而血GR含量为(8635±1432)位点/细胞,明显高于正常对照组(5320±540)位点/细胞(P<0.01)。用常规大剂量激素治疗时,治疗前GR位点数高者［(9356±645)位点/细胞共18例］,疗效优于位点数低者［(6176±385)7例］。结论MS患者外周血白细胞GR增多,GR含量高者近期疗效较好,GR含量低者可加用超大剂量激素治疗,以提高疗效。     

糖皮质激素对重症肌无力患者细胞和体液免疫功能影响的研究

目的　探讨糖皮质激素对重症肌无力 (MG )患者细胞和体液免疫功能的影响。方法　ELISA法检测 3 2例MG患者在糖皮质激素治疗前和治疗 3个月后的血清白细胞介素 (IL) 6和乙酰胆碱受体抗体 (AChRab)水平。结果　MG患者血清IL 6和AChRab均显著高于对照组(P <0 .0 1) ,而糖皮质激素治疗后均明显降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。血清IL 6在AChRab阳性MG患者高于AChRab阴性患者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且与AChRab滴度呈正相关 (r =0 .710 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　糖皮质激素可通过抑制MG患者体内IL 6和AChRab的产生 ,有效调节机体细胞和体液免疫功能。     

老年期重症肌无力患者495例临床分析

重症肌无力(MG)是一种主要累及神经肌肉接头(NMJ)处突触后膜上乙酰胆碱受体(AchR)的，主要由乙酰胆碱受体抗体(Ab)介导、细胞免疫依赖性、补体参与的自身免疫性疾病(AID)。不同年龄段的重症肌无力有其不同的临床特点。我们对495例老年期重症肌无力患者进行了回顾性分析，并与1982例非老年重症肌无力患者进行     

免疫治疗对重症肌无力病人淋巴细胞亚型的影响

目的 研究重症肌无力（ＭＧ）患者细胞免疫的异常改变和糖皮质激素及胸腺切除对各淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法 采用免疫荧光双标记技术和流式细胞仪对３９例ＭＧ患者和１８例健康对照者周围血中淋巴细胞表型分析,并对１５例ＭＧ患者经患者经糖皮质激素治疗前后和７例ＭＧ患者在胸腺切除前后淋巴细胞亚群的百分率的变化进行观察。结果（１）ＭＧ患者总Ｔ细胞,总Ｂ细胞（ＣＤ１９＾＋）,传统Ｂ细胞（ＣＤ５＾－ＣＤ１９＾＋）,ＣＤ     

单纯性肥胖患者红细胞胰岛素受体的观察

在肥胖及伴有NIDDM者中存在着细胞表面的胰岛素受体结合位点数目下降和(或)亲和力的改变,且结合位点数与体重指数呈负相关。作者旨在观察单纯性肥胖患者治疗前、后红细胞胰岛素受体的变化以及与体重指数的关系。     

大剂量环磷酰胺间歇冲击治疗全身型重症肌无力临床观察

目的 观察大剂量环磷酰胺间歇冲击治疗全身型(ⅡB型)重症肌无力(MG)的疗效及对血清补体(C)的影响.方法 使用大剂量环磷酰胺间歇冲击疗法配合小剂量递增法使用糖皮质激素治疗24例ⅡB型MG患者,观察治疗前后的临床评分及治疗效果,检测治疗前后血清乙酰胆碱受体抗体(AChR Ab)、C3、4.结果 所有患者均得到有效缓解,总有效率达100%.治疗后患者血清AChR Ab浓度较治疗前下降(P<0.01),血清C3水平上升(P<0.01).结论 大剂量环磷酰胺间歇冲击疗法配合小剂量递增法使用糖皮质激素治疗能有效缓解ⅡB型MG患者症状,可能与降低血清AChR Ab浓度、升高血清C水平有关.     

精氨酸加压素对实验性神经细胞M受体位点数影响的研究

目的 观察精氨酸加压素(AVP)对实验性神经细胞M受体位点数的影响。方法 采用小鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞(NBA_2)无血清培养建立神经细胞老比实验研究模型。以M受体放射性配基分析术研究AVP对实验性神经细胞的M受体位点数的影响。结果 两种不同浓度的AVP皆可使M受体位点数下降(P<0.01),以高浓度组更著。结论 结合以前研究结果,提示AVP使M受体位点数下降的作用可能是其延缓实验性神经细胞老化的机制之一。     

重症肌无力的病因研究及治疗进展

重症肌无力(MG)是一种由于神经肌肉接头间的传导障碍,临床表现以横纹肌无力为特征的慢性疾病。目前认为系自身免疫性受体病。本文复习国外有关文献,就其病因及治疗做简明综述。一、病因研究     

益气健脾药物血清对离体脾虚大鼠壁细胞胃泌素受体结合作用的影响及机制

目的:观察益气健脾药物血清对离体脾虚大鼠壁细胞胃泌素受体结合作用的影响并探讨其相关机制. 方法:采用血清药理学方法和放射配基受体结合测定技术分别对正常、脾虚、药物血清作用后的大鼠壁细胞结合位点数进行检测,并对补中益气汤含药血清抑制大鼠胃泌素与其受体结合的抑制率进行了测定. 结果:脾虚大鼠壁细胞胃泌素受体结合容量明显少于正常大鼠(876.0±88.2 vs 1 071.1±102.1,P<0.01);补中益气汤药物血清作用后结合位点数明显上升(980.4±89.2 vs 876.0±88.2,P<0.05);党参及白术药物血清组作用后结合位点数也有上升趋势,但与脾虚组相比差异不显著;补中益气汤含药血清部分抑制大鼠胃泌素与其受体的结合(抑制率=42.9%>30%). 结论:益气健脾药物血清对脾虚大鼠的结合位点数下降具有上调作用;其机制可能与其同胃泌素受体的竞争结合相关.     

青少年高血压的研究进展

随着人们生活和行为方式的改变,高血压发病明显呈年轻化趋势。在青少年时期识别高血压病高危人群有助于早期进行有效干预和治疗,降低未来高血压的发生率及其严重性。现试从青少年高血压的诊断、发病因素、特点、治疗策略等方面的研究进展作一综述。     

Morbidity in cardiovascular diseases in immigrants in Sweden

INTRODUCTION: Although immigration to Sweden has increased in the last few decades, the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease in immigrants are unknown. The aim of the present study is to estimate whether place of birth affects the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was designed as a follow-up study on morbidity in cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 1998, including three and a half million persons with age range 35-64 years, of whom 550 000 were born abroad, from the database MigMed consisting of the whole Swedish population. Incidence rates and relative risks were estimated by indirect standardization and a proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The age-adjusted risk of coronary heart disease was higher in most foreign-born groups than in Swedes. For example, in nine of 12 male groups, the relative risks varied between 1.1 and 2.2, and in seven of 12 female groups, the relative risks varied between 1.4 and 2.5. When also adjusting for level of education and employment status, the risks were still high, but on a lower level. CONCLUSIONS: Foreign-born people possess an over-risk of cardiovascular or coronary heart disease(CVD/CHD) compared with Swedish-born persons, also when level of education and employment status are taken into account.     

Pulmonary sporotrichosis in Oklahoma in susceptibilities in vitro

Six cases of pulmonary sporotichosis were observed in 2 institutions in Oklahoma City, Okla. Three of the patients were treated with iodides with or without surgery. Although one patient required a second course of iodides, the patients have remained well after at least 34 months of follow-up. Three patients treated with amphotericin B, single course as well as multiple courses, and other antifungal agents (hydroxystilbamidine and miconazole) have all relapsed. These cases and a reviewed of more than 40 cases of pulmonary sporotrichosis susceptibilities of Sporothrix schenckii that we observed in vitro suggest that amphotericin B is not an effective agent for the treatment of pulmonary sporotrichosis. It is our opinion that the treatment of choice for pulmonary sporotrichosis is a supersaturated solution of potassium iodide. If the patient is allergic to the medication or fails to respond, then a combination of amphotericin B plus flucytosine may be tried.     

C·肉毒杀鼠素(冻干剂)应用研究

目的为研究C·肉毒杀鼠索对杀灭达乌尔黄鼠(简称黄鼠)的大面积应用情况和对家畜、家禽的毒害作用,进行了C·肉毒杀鼠素的应用研究.方法大面积投毒采用ES-2药饵撒播机[1],间隔约80m进行条投.羊、鸡采用直接灌胃.结果大面积应用的灭鼠率为83.72%.对羊、鸡最高剂量分别为500万MLD、150万MLD,均未出现中毒现象.结论 C·肉毒杀鼠素是较为理想的草原大面积杀灭黄鼠的理想、首选药物.     

Differences in outcome in primary angioplasty in women.

BACKGROUND: In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has proved to be the best therapeutic approach. Several factors have been associated with worse outcome in AMI in females. Are there differences in outcome in women undergoing PTCA for AMI? AIM: To evaluate gender influence on clinical outcome and in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI who undergo primary percutaneous interventions. METHODS: We studied 245 consecutive patients (72 women, 29.4 %), who underwent primary PTCA between January 2000 and December 2001. The following parameters were analyzed: risk factors for coronary artery disease including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and family history, previous AMI, PTCA or angina, pain-to-balloon time, extent of coronary disease and outcome. RESULTS: Female patients were older (67.9+/-11.6 vs. 59.6+/-13; p < 0.001) with a higher prevalence of hypertension (65.3 % vs. 47.4 %; p < 0.05) and angina (29.0 % vs. 16.0 %; p < 0.05) and lower prevalence of smoking (27.8 % vs. 54.3 %; p < 0.001). Pain-to-balloon time was longer in women (6.8+/-4.1 vs. 5.4+/-3.7 hours; p < 0.05). Extent of coronary disease was similar in both groups. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 84.7 % of women and 90.8 % of men. The frequency of hemorrhagic complications (5.6 % vs. 5.2 %) and arrhythmias (15.3 % vs. 10.4%) and in-hospital mortality (9.7 6.4 %) were higher in females, although without statistical significance (p = NS). Hospitalization time was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the growing awareness of a gender bias in therapeutic approaches to AMI, there are still some differences in outcome, with a trend towards higher mortality rates in women. Older age and longer pain-to-balloon time could account for this.