蒿甲醚对BALB/c小鼠CT-26结直肠癌抑癌作用

[目的] 探讨蒿甲醚(Artemether)对BALB/c小鼠CT-26结直肠癌的抑瘤作用.[方法] BALB/c小鼠皮下接种CT-26结直肠癌细胞(2×106)48只,雌雄各半;随机分为6组,每组8只,分别为低剂量(33.3mg/kg)、中剂量(50mg/kg)、高剂量(66.6mg/kg)和中剂量(50mg/kg)+铁剂(1.5mg/kg)组,阳性对照组为顺铂(5mg/kg),空白对照组为等体积生理盐水.除顺铂为腹腔注射外,其余组均为灌胃给药法.[结果] 口服蒿甲醚低、中、高剂量和中剂量+铁剂对BALB/c小鼠CT-26结直肠癌的抑瘤率分别为42.3%、51.4%、52.0%、53.5%.[结论] 在一定剂量范围内,口服蒿甲醚对小鼠CT-26结直肠癌有明显的抑制作用;蒿甲醚与铁剂合用具有一定的协同作用.     

蒿甲醚对BALB／c小鼠CT-26结直肠癌抑瘤作用

[目的]探讨蒿甲醚(Artemether)对BALB/c小鼠CT-26结直肠癌的抑瘤作用。[方法]BALB/c小鼠皮下接种CT-26结直肠癌细胞(2×106)48只,雌雄各半;随机分为6组,每组8只,分别为低剂量(33.3mg/kg)、中剂量(50mg/kg)、高剂量(66.6mg/kg)和中剂量(50mg/kg)+铁剂(1.5mg/kg)组,阳性对照组为顺铂(5mg/kg),空白对照组为等体积生理盐水。除顺铂为腹腔注射外,其余组均为灌胃给药法。[结果]口服蒿甲醚低、中、高剂量和中剂量+铁剂对BALB/c小鼠CT-26结直肠癌的抑瘤率分别为:42.3%、51.4%、52.0%、53.5%。[结论]在一定剂量范围内,口服蒿甲醚对小鼠CT-26结直肠癌有明显的抑制作用;蒿甲醚与铁剂合用具有一定的协同作用。     

蒿甲醚对小鼠结直肠癌的抑瘤及抗血管生成的实验研究

目的:探讨蒿甲醚(Artemether)对BALB/c小鼠CT-26 结直肠癌的抑瘤及抗血管生成作用.方法:BALB/c小鼠皮下接种CT-26 结直肠癌细胞(2×10 6 mL -1)48只,雌、雄各半;随机分为6组,每组8只,分别为低剂量33.3 mg/(kg·d)、中剂量50 mg/(kg·d)、高剂量66.6 mg/(kg·d)和中剂量50 mg/(kg·d)加铁剂1.5 mg/(kg·d)组、阳性对照组为顺铂5 mg/(kg·d)、空白对照组为等体积生理盐水;均在接种5 d后,顺铂采用腹腔注射15 d停药,其余采用灌胃法持续给药15 d,每天1次,末次给药24 h后,处死动物.用Steel公式计算肿瘤体积V(mm 3)=0.5 ab 2.采用免疫组化方法检测移植瘤组织微血管密度.结果:各治疗组抑瘤率分别为42.3%、51.4%、52.0%和53.5%;血管计数分别为13±6、31±4、38±5和11±9,生理盐水对照组为49±9;各治疗组微血管密度均明显低于生理盐水对照组(分别P＜0.05,P＜0.01);移植瘤体积较对照组显著减小.结论:在一定剂量范围内,口服蒿甲醚对小鼠CT-26结直肠癌移植瘤有明显的抑制作用;与铁剂合用能使抑瘤率增加;在具有抑瘤作用的同时,蒿甲醚还具有明显抑制小鼠结直肠癌移植瘤血管生成作用.     

蒿甲醚抗BALB/c小鼠结直肠癌血管生成的实验研究

[目的]探讨蒿甲醚对小鼠结直肠癌血管生成的抑制作用。[方法]BALB/c小鼠腋下接种CT-26结直肠癌细胞(2×106个/ml)40只,雌雄各半;随机分为5组,每组8只:低剂量组(蒿甲醚片,每天33.3mg/kg)、中剂量组(蒿甲醚片,每天50.0mg/kg)、中剂量加铁剂组(每天蒿甲醚片50.0mg 硫酸亚铁1.5mg/kg)、高剂量组(蒿甲醚片,每天66.6mg/kg),对照组给予等容量的生理盐水。采用灌胃法持续给药15天,每天1次,末次给药24小时后处死动物。观察记录肿瘤的生长情况,每3天用电子天平称量小鼠的重量,用游标卡尺测量每只小鼠腋下肿瘤长a(mm)和短径b(mm),用Steel公式计算肿瘤体积V(mm3)=0.5ab2。采用免疫组化方法检测肿瘤组织微血管密度。[结果]高、中、低剂量组和中剂量加铁剂组血管计数分别为13±6,31±4,38±5和11±9,生理盐水对照组为49±9;蒿甲醚各治疗组微血管密度均明显低于生理盐水对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。[结论]在一定剂量范围内,蒿甲醚能明显抑制小鼠结直肠癌移植瘤血管生成。     

蒿甲醚对SD大鼠原位脑胶质瘤的抑瘤实验

目的探讨蒿甲醚（Artemether）对SD大鼠原位脑胶质瘤的抑瘤作用。方法采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法测定不同浓度蒿甲醚对大鼠C₆脑胶质瘤细胞株的生长抑制作用,计算半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)。立体定位仪对48只（雌、雄各半）SD大鼠建立脑胶质瘤原位模型,随机分为6组：对照组;模型组,蒿甲醚33.3 mg/（kg·d）、50.0 mg/（kg·d）、66.6 mg/（kg·d）;联合用药组,蒿甲醚50.0 mg/（kg·d）+ 硫酸亚铁1.5 mg/（kg·d）;阳性药对照组。采用灌胃给药法连续给予各组SD大鼠用药10天,对照组给予0.9%氯化钠溶液。肿瘤体积按a²bπ∕6(a为肿瘤的短径,b为肿瘤的长径)计算。全脑标本用4%多聚甲醛固定。肿瘤组织做病理观察。结果蒿甲醚抑制大鼠C₆脑胶质瘤细胞增殖,其抑制作用呈剂量和时间依赖性;模型组和联合用药组对SD大鼠原位脑胶质瘤的抑瘤率分别为：54.5%、61.0%、64.5%和69.8%;模型组组间比较,蒿甲醚66.6 mg/（kg·d）用药组的抑瘤率明显高于蒿甲醚33.3 mg/（kg·d）用药组;各实验组间比较,联合用药组的抑瘤率显著高于模型组33.3 mg/（kg·d）。结论口服蒿甲醚对SD大鼠脑部原位接种C₆脑胶质瘤有明显的抑瘤作用。     

青蒿琥酯对小鼠Heps肝癌的抑瘤作用

[目的]探讨青蒿琥酯(Artesunate,Art)的抑瘤作用.[方法]小鼠皮下接种Heps肝癌细胞(1.2×10 5),56只NIH雌性小鼠分7组,每组8只,其中1,2,3组为Art腹腔注射(ip)组,其Art剂量分别为15mg/kg(低)、30mg/kg(中)、60mg/kg(高).第4组为Art灌胃(po)30mg/kg;第5组po铁剂6.5mg/kg同时ip Art 30mg/kg.第6组ip环磷酰胺(CY)阳性对照,第7组ip生理盐水(NS)空白对照.[结果]腹腔注射Art低、中、高剂量其抑瘤率分别为16.2%、12.2%和80.4%;高剂量Art对小鼠Heps肝癌有显著的抑瘤率(P<0.01).在该3个剂量下小鼠的脾重随Art剂量的加大而增加,提示Art似有提升机体免疫水平的作用.中剂量的Art口服与腹腔注射效果不同,前者获77.6%的抑瘤率而后者仅为12.2%.Art与铁剂合用有协同抑瘤作用.[结论]在一定的剂量下,Art对小鼠Heps肝癌有抑制作用;给药途径不同,其抑瘤效果也不同;与铁剂合用可增加抑瘤率.     

百合多糖联合大蒜素对肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及血清细胞因子水平的影响

目的:探讨百合多糖联合大蒜素对肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及血清细胞因子水平的影响。方法:雄性 BALB/c小鼠腋下注射肝癌H22细胞计数瘤液建立荷瘤模型,分为百合多糖组（100 mg/kg）、大蒜素组（40 mg/kg）、百合多糖低剂量+大蒜素组（50 mg/kg+40 mg/kg）、百合多糖中剂量+大蒜素组（100 mg/kg+40 mg/kg）、百合多糖高剂量+大蒜素组（150 mg/kg+40 mg/kg）、正常组、模型组和环磷酰胺组（30 mg/kg）。处理7 d后,观察小鼠的肿瘤重量,计算抑瘤率;胸腺、脾脏称重,计算胸腺指数和脾脏指数;ELISA法检测血清免疫相关细胞因子IL-18、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-6水平及促血管生长因子VEGF水平。结果:大蒜素组、百合多糖中剂量+大蒜素组、百合多糖高剂量+大蒜素组抑瘤率分别为27.27%、34.68%和30.64%。百合多糖中剂量+大蒜素组和百合多糖高剂量+大蒜素组胸腺指数明显高于模型组(P<0.01)。百合多糖高剂量+大蒜素组较模型组明显升高IL-18水平(P<0.01)。百合多糖中剂量+大蒜素组TNF-α水平高于模型组(P<0.05)。百合多糖中剂量+大蒜素组较模型组明显升高IL-2水平(P<0.01)。百合多糖高剂量+大蒜素组较模型组降低VEGF水平(P<0.05)。结论:百合多糖联合大蒜素能抑制肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,提高荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数,并促进小鼠分泌免疫相关细胞因子IL-18、TNF-α、IL-2,减少分泌VEGF。     

中药益胃宁对胃癌MFC荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的研究中药益胃宁对胃癌荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用.方法将荷瘤小鼠灌胃给药10天后取瘤称重,计算抑瘤率.结果给药高剂量组(16g/kg体重)、中剂量组(8g/kg体重)、低剂量组(4g/kg体重),其抑瘤率分别为43.7%,51.2%,27.6%.实验组肿瘤重量与对照组比较明显减少,P＜0.05.结论益胃宁对胃癌MFC荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长有明显的抑制作用.     

重楼复方对荷肝癌H22小鼠生长及生存时间的影响

[目的]观察重楼复方对荷肝癌H22小鼠体内抑瘤作用及生命延长作用。[方法]建立荷肝癌H22实体瘤小鼠模型,随机分为对照组、环磷酰胺组、复方斑蝥组及重楼复方常规剂量组(117mg/kg·d)、低剂量组(58.5mg/kg·d),观察各给药组中荷肝癌H22实体瘤小鼠抑瘤率、给药前后体重及生存时间。[结果]与对照组相比,重楼复方在常规、低剂量组抑瘤率分别为34.81%、8.28%(P=0.003);生命延长率分别为91.4%、13.5%(P<0.001);环磷酰胺组在抑瘤率上明显优势,达70.44%,但是其对小鼠体重的增加受到显著抑制(P=0.011),不同剂量重楼复方对小鼠体重无明显抑制。[结论]重楼复方常规剂量组对荷肝癌H22实体瘤小鼠肿瘤生长有明显抑制作用,且能显著提高荷肝癌H22实体瘤小鼠的生存期。     

熊果酸抗小鼠H22肝癌移植瘤及对免疫功能的影响

[目的]研究熊果酸(UA)对小鼠H22肝癌移植瘤的抑制作用及免疫功能的影响。[方法]采用移植性H22肝癌小鼠模型,随机分为模型组(对照)、氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)处理组、UA高、低剂量组,分别连续腹腔注射5-Fu(25mg/kg)、UA(50mg/kg、25mg/kg)14d后,处死小鼠,计算抑瘤率、外周血白细胞数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、白细胞介素2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)等指标,分析UA对小鼠H22肝癌移植瘤的生长抑制作用及免疫功能的影响。[结果]与模型组相比,UA高、低剂量组能显著减少移植瘤瘤重,其抑瘤率分别为51.03%、32.54%,差异有显著性(P<0.01,P<0.05)。UA高剂量组与5-Fu组抑瘤率(71.33%)比较,差异没有显著性(P>0.05)。UA各组可不同程度地升高荷瘤小鼠的外周血白细胞数和脾脏指数、胸腺指数,同时还能提高荷瘤小鼠血清中TNF-α的水平(P<0.05)。[结论]熊果酸能明显抑制H22荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤生长,其作用可能与增强机体的免疫功能有关。     

外泌体在肿瘤发展中的研究进展

外泌体是细胞经过"内吞-融合-外排"等一系列调控过程而形成的细胞外纳米级小囊泡。外泌体可以携带蛋白,运送RNA,在细胞间物质和信息转导中起重要作用。外泌体可能通过调控免疫功能,促进肿瘤血管新生和肿瘤转移,以及直接作用于肿瘤细胞等途径,影响肿瘤的进展。外泌体可应用于肿瘤的诊断。本文总结了近年来有关外泌体在肿瘤发展中作用的研究进展。     

Inhibitory effect of suramin in rat models of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo

The aim of the present study was to test the ability of the chemotherapeutic agent suramin to inhibit angiogenesis in experimental models in vitro and in vivo. In the culture of rat aortic rings on fibronectin, suramin dose-dependently inhibited vascular cell growth, achieving the maximal effect (mean − 88% versus controls, P < 0.05) at 400 μg/ml. Image analysis showed that suramin could inhibit microvessel sprouting in fibrin from rat aortic rings as evaluated by the ratio between the cellular area and the mean gray value of the sample (sprouting index); suramin at 50 μg/ml significantly reduced the sprouting index from the control value of 0.35 ± 0.04 to 0.14 ± 0.02 mm²/gray level (P < 0.05). Likewise, the area occupied by cells was 19.2 ± 1.8 mm² as compared with 41.8 ± 4.2 mm² in controls (P < 0.05). In the rat model of neovascularization induced in the cornea by chemical injury, suramin at 1.6 mg/eye per day reduced the length of blood vessels (0.7 ± 0.1 mm as compared with 1.5 ± 0.1 mm in controls, P < 0.05). In the same model the ratio between the area of blood vessels and the total area of the cornea (area fraction score) was decreased by suramin from 0.19 ± 0.02 in controls to 0.03 ± 0.003 (P < 0.05). Suramin given i.p. at 30 mg/kg per day markedly inhibited the neovascularization induced in the rat mesentery by compound 48/80 or conditioned medium from cells secreting the angiogenic protein fibroblast growth factor-3 (FGF-3). The area fraction score in control rats treated with compound 48/80 was 0.31 ± 0.03, and this was reduced to 0.07 ± 0.01 by suramin (P < 0.05). After i.p. administration of FGF-3 the area fraction score was reduced by suramin from 0.29 ± 0.03 to 0.05 ± 0.01 (P < 0.05). These results provide evidence that suramin exerts inhibitory effects on angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. Received: 9 January 1998 / Accepted: 29 June 1998     

重组人血管内皮抑制素治疗恶性肿瘤的研究进展

重组人血管内皮抑制素(恩度)是一种广谱的抗血管生成分子靶向药物,主要循证证据为联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC).近年来,重组人血管内皮抑制素用于治疗多种恶性肿瘤的研究逐渐增多,并取得了较好的疗效.此外,有关重组人血管内皮抑制素联合治疗手段、给药途径、给药方法的研究逐渐开展,有利于其合理应用.     

Evaluation of the antitumoral effect of dihydrocucurbitacin-B in both in vitro and in vivo models

Aims  We evaluated both in vitro and in vivo antitumoral properties of an isolated compound from Wilbrandia ebracteata, dihydrocucurbitacin-B (DHCB), using B16F10 cells (murine melanoma). Materials and methods  We made use of MTT and ³H-Thymidine assays to investigate the cell viability and cell proliferation, flow cytometry analysis to monitor cell cycle and apoptosis, western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of cell cycle proteins, imunofluorescence analysis and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Results  Dihydrocucurbitacin-B significantly reduced cell proliferation without important effects on cells viability. DHCB lead cells to accumulate in G2/M phases accompanied by the appearance of polyploid cells, confirmed by fluorescence assays that demonstrated a remarkable alteration in the cell cytoskeleton and formation of binuclear cells. Annexin-V-FITC incorporation demonstrated that DHCB did not induce apoptosis. About 10 μg/mL DHCB was found to decrease cyclin-A, and especially in cyclin-B1. The in vivo experiments showed that DHCB treatment (once a day up to 12 days; p.o.) was able to reduce the tumor growth and lung metastasis up to 83.5 and 50.3%, respectively. Conclusions  Dihydrocucurbitacin-B reduces cell proliferation due to a decrease in the expression of cyclins, mainly cyclin-B1 and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, arresting B16F10 cells in G2/M phase. Taken together, the in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that DHCB was effective against cancer, however, it remains to be proved if DHCB will be a good candidate for drug development.     

Effect of trauma of implantation of metastatic tumor in bone in mice

We studied the influence of surgical trauma to the iliac bone on the implantation of I. V. injected tumor cells, which formed tumor in the surgical wounds of 27/84 mice (32%). None of these mice or nonsurgical mice developed tumor in the opposite or uninjured pelvic bone (P < 0.0001). When different numbers (10⁵, 5 × 10⁵, and 10 × 10⁵) of TA3Ha cells were injected I. V. immediately after surgery, the frequency of tumor formation showed an increase (respectively, 32%, 63%, 71%). As the interval between induction of trauma and tumor cell injection was increased from 0 to 15 days, the frequency of tumor formation declined from 32% to 0%. These results suggest that the healing wound is a privileged site for experimental metastasis, particularly in the early stages. It is likely that the proteins in the blood clotting cascade are involved in local tumor implantation. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

胶质瘤中微RNA研究进展

微RNA(microRNA,miR)可在转录后水平负调控靶基因表达,miR异常表达与肿瘤生成密切相关.对胶质瘤中多个miR异常表达及其机制的研究将对进一步探讨胶质瘤的分子病理及其诊治开拓新途径.     

Survey of changes in dietary preferences in cancer patients in China

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in dietary preferences in cancer patients in China and to determine the need for encouraging the adherence to a sensible diet among such patients.Methods A total of 468 cancer patients were interviewed using a self-designed questionnaire focusing on changes in the intake of specific foods. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results Most patients completely avoided roosters and carp(73.1%), condiments(51.9%), and meat of aquatic species(40.4%). All other types of the specific foods were completely avoided by different subpopulations of the patients.Conclusion In addition to focusing on disease treatment, medical professionals need to help cancer patients overcome barriers associated with the customs of avoiding specific foods encompassed by the term ”fawu” and provide them with dietary guidance in order to prevent negative nutritional effects.     

中国乳腺癌患者生活质量研究进展

生活质量（qualityoflife,QOL）又译作生命质量、生存质量,它是在世界卫生组织提倡的健康新概念“人们在躯体上、精神上及社会生活中处于一种完好的状态,而不仅仅是没有患病和衰弱”的基础上构建的,是医学模式由生物医学模式向生物一心理一社会医学模式转变的体现。西方发达国家已将此概念广泛应用于临床试验、卫生政策制定和卫生资源效益评价等众多领域。生存质量已作为评价肿瘤患者术后状况的首选指标。     

Contribution of FDG-PET in the management of pediatric sarcomas in 2011

FDG-PET has boomed in recent years for diagnosis, staging and the search for recurrence of a large number of tumors. This is particularly true for soft tissue sarcomas and musculoskeletal sarcomas, for which the first publications on the potential role of FDG-PET dating back to the early 1990s. The majority of published studies on adult sarcomas confer, possibly a mixed population. Studies dedicated to pediatrics population are much rarer. The "Standards, Options and Recommendations" of the French Federation of Anticancer Centers published in 2003 on "The use of FDG-PET in oncology" and make recommendations and expert advices as part sarcomas of adult patients. After a first part dedicated to the particular interpretation of FDG PET in children, the purpose of this paper is to review the potential contribution of this exam in the treatment of pediatric sarcomas.