人血清载脂蛋白A-I的分离、纯化及其测定

用超离心法制备人血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL);甲醇/氯仿脱脂;经Sephadex G-150层析及DEAE-纤维素(DE-52)离子交换得纯化载脂蛋白A-I(Apo A-I),免疫新西兰兔,获得效价为1:32的特异性抗人Apo A-I抗血清。用本室建立的单向火箭免疫电泳法测定了158名健康中年人与9名老人的血清Apo A—I含量,结果发现:β-脂蛋白<5g/L,总胆固醇<2mmol/L的人血清Apo A-I含量男女分别为2.06±0.16g/L和2.07±0.15g/L;而β脂蛋白≥5g/L,总胆固醇≥2mmol/L的人血清Apo A-I含量男女分别为1.75±0.15g/L和1.82±0.1g/L,由此可见,血脂正常的男性和女性的Apo A—I含量均显著高于血脂高的男性和女性。80岁以上老年人的血清Apo A-I含量为2.1±0.1g/L,也在正常范围。与文献报道比较,我国人的血清Apo A-I含量高于外国人,这与我国人HDL水平较外国人高一致。     

载脂蛋白B与载脂蛋白A-I比值与糖尿病合并冠心病关系的研究

目的 评估血清载脂蛋白Apo B/Apo A-I在预测糖尿病患者冠心病方面的效果。方法 共2300例接受冠状动脉造影的患者入选此项研究。根据糖尿病诊断标准分为糖尿病组和非糖尿病组,同时建立冠心病（coronary artery disease, CAD）和非冠心病亚组。CAD诊断以冠状动脉造影为金标准。抽取研究对象空腹血行相关血脂指标检测并进行分析与统计。结果 在非糖尿病组中,根据几种主要心血管危险因素如年龄,性别,高血压,吸烟,三酰甘油(triglyceride, TG),总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)和低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein, LDL)调整后,模型中的高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein, HDL),载脂蛋白A-I（Apo A-I）和载脂蛋白B（Apo B）/ Apo A-I在ROC曲线下的区域分别为0.707,0.703和0.710。在糖尿病组,HDL,Apo A-I和ApoB/Apo A-I的AUC分别为0.684,0.693,0.701。在预测CAD方面均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。HDL,Apo A-I,Apo B/Apo A-I与冠状动脉病变的数量增加显著相关。非糖尿病组中Apo B/Apo A-I的相关系数最高,为0.176（P<0.001）,糖尿病组中Apo A-I的相关系数最高,为-0.239（P<0.001）ApoB/Apo A-I的系数为0.138（P=0.002）。结论 糖尿病人群中Apo B/Apo A-I可以独立于其他血脂指标对冠心病及冠状动脉病变数量有良好的预测价值。     

脑卒中患者血清ApoB,LPO水平的观察

临床研究表明载脂蛋白A-I(Apo A-I)降低和载脂蛋白B(Apo B)、过氧化脂质(LPO)升高与冠状动脉粥样硬化的关系密切.我们测定了80例脑卒中患者的血清ApoB及LPO水平,报道如下.     

人血清ApoAI的单向免疫扩散测定法

建立单向免疫扩散法测定人血清Apo AI,并对测定条件、抗原展开剂、抗原保存等问题作了讨论。本法的批内、批间变异系数分别为3.4%和4.2%。用本法测得80名正常人和66名冠心病患者血清Apo AI含量分别为1.1440±0.2076g/L和0.9303±0.1331g/L,两者间差异极显著(P<0.001)。     

学龄前儿童血清碱性磷酸酶正常参考值范围的确定

目的 确定大庆地区学龄前儿童血清碱性磷酸酶正常参考值范围.方法 用日立7600-020全自动生化分析仪测定来我院正常体检的学龄前儿童的血清碱性磷酸酶水平.结果 0～3岁男童为(231.85±53.61),女童为(232.48±55.73),4～7岁男童为(223.68±45.88),女童为(237.54±62.93),与成年人的标准相比明显升高.结论 用成年人的标准来评价学龄前儿童的血清碱性磷酸酶水平是错误的,是非常不科学的.     

晚睡影响心血管疾病风险因素的相关性研究进展

心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)是导致全球死亡率升高的最大单一因素,其被列为全球重大健康问题。其中载脂蛋白A-I(Apolipoprotein A-I,apo A-I)、载脂蛋白B(Apoprotein B,Apo B)以及Apo B/Apo A-I是CVD的有效预测指标。 在引起CVD的众多原因中,就寝时间是不容忽视的风险因素,长期晚睡易引发失眠、昼夜节律紊乱等一系列睡眠问题,进而通过影响神经递质水平、引发全身慢性炎症反应、影响脂肪酸代谢和血压调节等机制最终促使CVD的发生和发展。因此养成规律、健康的就寝时间对预防CVD至关重要。     

载脂蛋白A-1及高密度脂蛋白在冠心病中作用的比较

目的:评估载脂蛋白(Apo A-1)在冠心病(CAD)中的作用及其与传统高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的比较。方法:将262名冠状动脉造影证实的CAD患者与193名造影证实无CAD患者的血清生物标志物进行比较。结果:对照组血浆Apo A-1水平为(1.25±0.18) g/L,CAD组为(1.01±0.18) g/L。对照组血清HDL水平为(1.05±0.29) mmol/L,CAD组为(0.97±0.27) mmol/L。差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。CAD组大部分Apo A-1处于异常范围(63%),对照组仅有12%异常,CAD组HDL有55%异常,而对照组中48%异常。Apo A-1检测CAD的灵敏度为63%,而HDL为55%。Apo A-1检测CAD的特异度为88%,而HDL则为52%。绘制ROC曲线时,Apo A-1比HDL具有更大的曲线下面积。结论:Apo A-1作为CAD的预测指标可能比HDL更敏感,但其血清水平及临床应用需要进一步研究。     

单向火箭免疫电泳测定大鼠血清载脂蛋白AI浓度

单向火箭免疫电泳测定大鼠血清载脂蛋白AI(Apo AI)浓度,操作简单,定量准确。待测样品采用9M脲致变性使抗原决定簇暴露,减少了样品处理时间,得到较好的测定结果。用此法测得雄性和雌性SD大鼠血清Apo AI浓度分别为45.76±6.0mg/dl(n=10)、60.60±9.4mg/dl(n=10)。批内CV为4％,批间CV为7％。正常大鼠注射胰岛素,血清Apo AI浓度明显降低。     

正常幼儿血清苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸水平及比值测定

目的探讨正常幼儿血清苯丙氨酸(Phe)、酪氨酸(Tyr)水平及其比值.方法采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定51例1月～5岁正常幼儿血清Phe和Tyr浓度并计算Phe/Tyr浓度比值.结果幼儿血清Phe为(92.83±21.33)μmol/L,Tyr为(67.75±19.84)μmol/L,The/Tyr比值为(1.43±0.35).结论采用的检测方法灵敏、特异,可靠,结果可供临床、科研参考.     

老年颈动脉硬化患者同型半胱氨酸与血脂血糖尿酸的关系

目的探讨老年颈动脉硬化患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与血脂、血糖、血尿酸的相关性。方法测定42例老年颈动脉硬化患者及15例正常老年人的血清三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(Apo A1)、载脂蛋白B(Apo B)、载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白A1(Apo B/Apo A1)、空腹血糖、尿酸及Hcy水平,并进行比较及相关性分析。结果颈动脉硬化组TG、TC、LDL-C、Apo A1、Apo B、Apo B/Apo A1、空腹血糖、Hcy显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);颈动脉硬化组血清Hcy水平与HDL-C、Apo B、尿酸无明显相关性(P>0.05),而与TG、TC、LDL-C、Apo A1、Apo B/Apo A1、空腹血糖呈显著相关(P<0.05)。结论血清Hcy和血脂、血糖升高都是颈动脉硬化发生的独立危险因素,其中TG、TC、LDL-C、Apo A1、Apo B/Apo A1、空腹血糖水平与血清Hcy水平密切相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.     

Response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant xenotransplantation

Objective: To investigate the response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant hamster to rat cardiac xenotransplantation and the mechanism of acute vascular rejection. Methods: The animals were divided into 5 groups randomly: control group,CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy CsA group and D3 splenectomy CsA group. Hamster heart was heterotopicaly transplanted to rat abdominal cavity. The graft survival was monitored by palpation of the rat abdominal wall. The histological and ultrastructural changes of the xenogafts were investigated. NF-κB and P-selectin expression in the xenograft were detected. Hene Oxigenase-1 and Bcl-2 expression were also detected in the xenografts of different groups. Results: The mean survival time of the xenografts in control group, CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy CsA group and D3 splenectomy CsA group was 3.4±0.55, 3.8±0.45, 6.4±1.52, 30 and 7.4±1.14 days. The rejected graft showed typical acute vascular rejection in control group, CsA group,splenectomy group and D3 splenectomy CsA group. Endothelial cells of the rejected xenograft showed dramatic assembly of ribosomes and expansion of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. However, the endothelium of the long-term survived grafts in D0 splenectomy CsA group showed normal architecture. NF-κB and P-selectin expression were detected in the rejected xenografts. HO-1 expression was observed in the long-term survived xenografts in D0 splenectomy CsA group. Conclusion: The endothelial cells of the xenograft might be activated during the acute vascular rejection. Expression of HO-1 might inhibit the upregulation of NF-κB and adhesion molecular which decreases the activation of the endothelium of the graft.