波前像差引导的个体化切削技术在LASEK术中应用的研究

目的:探讨波前像差引导的个体化切削技术对LASEK患者术后高阶像差的影响。方法:将均方根(RMS)值>0.3的不适合做LASIK术的近视患者40例80眼随机分为2组。其中1组20例40眼行普通LASEK术,另1组20例40眼应用波前像差引导的个体化切削程序(Zyoptix)进行LASEK术;所有术眼术前及术后1,3mo行像差测量。结果:术前两组高阶像差,彗差,球差相比无统计学意义(P>0.05),在6mm的瞳孔直径下,术后1mo两组高阶像差,彗差,球差较术前增加,个体化切削组高阶像差,彗差,球差增加幅度低于常规组,有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后3mo时,总体高阶像差,彗差,球差较1mo时有所下降,个体化组增加幅度仍小于普通组。结论:Zyoptix波前引导LASEK术后高阶像差增加幅度小于普通LASEK术。     

角膜波前引导的LASIK治疗低中度近视角膜高阶像差的临床观察

目的:比较角膜波前像差引导下的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situkeratomileusi,LASIK)和常规的LASIK对低中度近视角膜高阶像差的影响。方法:采用前瞻性非随机对比研究,选取6mo内连续的低中度近视患者32例58眼实施常规LASIK(A组,其中低度近视24眼,中度近视34眼),34例52眼实施角膜波前引导下的个性化LASIK(B组,其中低度近视23眼,中度近视29眼)。所有手术均使用德国Schwind公司Esiris第九代准分子激光治疗仪和Carriazo Pendular钟摆式角膜板层刀,使用4.2.0版本的Optikon keratron Scout2000角膜地形图对两组患者在术前和术后3mo进行6mm瞳孔直径时角膜高阶像差检查。结果:两组病例角膜球差和均方根均高于术前。A组低度近视术后高阶像差增加量依次为均方根0.236μm、彗差0.146μm、球差0.139μm和三叶差0.054μm,中度近视高阶像差增加量依次为均方根0.367μm、球差0.284μm、彗差0.177μm和三叶差0.021μm。B组低度近视高阶像差增加量依次为球差0.127μm、均方根0.088μm、三叶差0.051μm、和彗差0.042μm,中度近视高阶像差增加量依次为均方根0.175μm、球差0.162μm、彗差0.027μm和三叶差0.024μm;两组病例术后3mo裸眼视力非常接近.同样条件下低中度近视角膜波前像差引导下的个性化LASIK切削的深度较常规LASIK深。结论:角膜波前像差引导下的低中度近视LASIK较常规LASIK角膜高阶像差影响少。     

LASIK后角膜高阶像差改变分析

目的 探讨近视LASIK术后角膜高阶像差的变化情况.方法 回顾性分析近视LASIK手术患者75例145只眼,比较患者术前术后角膜非球面系数(Q值)、总体高阶像差均方根值(RMSh)、3～7阶像差均方根值(RMS3-RMS7)、球差、慧差、三叶草像差等数值,用多元线性回归分析筛选引起术后角膜高阶像差改变的因素.结果 术前角膜高阶像差与年龄无相关关系;术后各观察值的大小主要受术前相应各数值的大小、预矫屈光度数、切削区大小等因素的影响,术前值越大、预矫屈光度越大以及切削区越小,术后角膜高阶像差值越大;术后Q值、RMSh以及球差的增加量主要受预矫屈光度数和切削区大小的影响;慧差以及三叶草像差的增加与切削区大小无关.使用较小切削区(5.25mm)时的单位屈光度矫正引起的高阶像差增加值以及角膜前表而非球面系数改变值高于使用较大切削区时,差异有统计学意义.结论 LASIK术后角膜高阶像差增大,预矫屈光度数高和切削区小是引起术后角膜高阶像差增加较大的主要原因.     

近视LASIK手术后高阶像差的改变

目的分析LASIK手术对高阶像差的影响，分析IASIK术的近视屈光度与LASIK术后眼的高阶像差的关系。方法采用WASCA波前像差仪测量150眼LASIK术前及术后1月及3月瞳孔直径分别为小瞳孔（3mm）及人瞳孔（6．25mm）时的总高阶像差的均方根及第三和第四阶像差的Zemike系数，并计算出球差、慧差、第三及第四阶像差的均方根。对结果进行方差分析和直线相关分析。结果LASIK术后，大瞳孔直径和小瞳孔直径下高阶像差均明显增高。无论瞳孔人小．术后3月较1月时高阶像差均轻微下降。人瞳孔直径下，光区直径为6．25mm时，术后球差、第四阶像差和总高阶像差与术前屈光度存在正相关。结论IASIK术后，高阶像差明显增高，尤以球差最明显。术前屈光度越高，手术所导致的高阶像差也越大，屈光度过高的近视眼不宜采用波前像差引导的个体化屈光手术。     

LASIK与LASEK治疗高度、超高度近视的临床对比

目的 比较LASIK与LASEK治疗高度、超高度近视的临床疗效.方法 选择接受准分子激光近视矫正术(LASEK或LASIK)的患者68例(125眼),其中LASEK组39例(72眼),LASIK组29例(53眼).入选患者术前等效球镜值(spherical e-quivalent,SE)为-6.00～-12.00 D,平均(-8.91±2.12)D.检查并比较2组患者术后裸眼视力(uncorrected visual acuity,UCVA)、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、SE、角膜上皮下雾状混浊(haze)程度及波前像差和并发症等.结果 术后1周时,LASEK组UCVA为4.80±0.11,明显低于LASIK组的5.03±0.13,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);术后1个月、3个月、6个月时,LASEK组UCVA分别为4.96±0.09、5.05±0.22、4.93±0.07,LASIK组分别为5.03±0.13、5.06±0.12、5.02±0.13,2组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05).术后6个月时,2组BCVA与术前相比不变或有提高,无一例下降.LASIK组未出现haze,而LASEK组术后可见少量haze,无2级以上haze出现.术后1周及1个月,2组患者屈光度均有轻度的过矫状态,2组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6个月,2组中均有部分患者出现不同程度的屈光回退现象,LASEK组回退至(-0.38±0.69)D,高于LASIK组的(0.01±0.37)D,2组屈光度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后1个月、3个月和6个月时,2组总高阶像差、垂直慧差、水平慧差及球差的均方根值均较术前增加,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),LASEK组总高阶像差增加倍数均低于LASIK组(均为P<0.05).结论 LASEK矫正高度、超高度近视近期在安全性和有效性方面与LASIK相同,远期疗效有待进一步观察.LASEK治疗高度、超高度近视视觉质量优于LASIK.     

角膜波面像差引导准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(ORK-W)治疗近视临床研究

目的前瞻性研究角膜波面像差引导准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(ORK-W)治疗近视临床效果。方法将球镜-8.00D以下,柱镜0.00D-3.00D的近视患者随机分成2组,实验组36例72眼行角膜波面像差引导准分子激光个体化切削(ORK-W),对照组30例(60只眼)行常规LASIK。观察术后1m裸眼视力、残余屈光度,角膜波面像差中的慧差、球差及总像差均方根RMS增加值,对比敏感度的改变,满意度等指标。结果术后裸眼视力、残余屈光度和满意度两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但实验组角膜波面像差(慧差、球差、均方根RMS)的增加均较对照组明显小,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对比敏感度的改善较对照组也明显的好,两组差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论角膜波面像差引导准分子激光个体化切削(ORK-W)可以减少术后角膜波面像差的增加,尤其减少慧差增加效果更明显,明显改善视觉质量。     

ORK-CAM角膜像差引导与传统切削模式近视LASIK手术比较研究

目的 探讨ORK-CAM角膜波阵面像差引导的近视LASIK手术的临床效果并与传统近视切削模式相比较.方法 回顾性分析接受近视LASIK手术的患者75例149只眼的临床资料.其中ORK-CAM角膜像差引导切削组4l例81只眼,常规切削组34例68只眼.统计患者术前和术后6个月的临床资料并进行手术前后以及两组间对比.主要观察指标包括裸眼视力、屈光度、角膜非球而系数、RMSh、RMS3-RMS7、球差、慧差以及三叶草像若值等.结果 两组术后角膜形态均由术前的长椭圆形变为扁椭圆形,ORK-CAM组角膜非球面系数改变较常规IASIK组小.两组术后角膜高阶像差均较术前显著增加.术后ORK-CAM组RMSh、RMS3、RMS4、球差以及三叶草像差值较常规IASIK组低,差异有统计学意义;术后ORK-CAM组6阶像差值较常规LASIK组高,二次球差是影响RMS6变化的主要因素.角膜Q值与球差值成正相关.结论 ORK-CAM角膜像差引导的个体化切削能够减小近视LASIK手术后角膜高阶像差的异常增加,术后角膜非球面性更接近于术前,有利于患者获得更好地术后视觉质量.     

Kappa角调整的LASIK手术对中低度近视眼像差的影响

目的 探讨Kappa角调整的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)对中低度近视眼像差的影响,并与标准LASIK进行比较.方法 随机选取50例行LASIK的近视及近视散光患者,其中行Kappa角调整的LASIK26例(51眼),行标准LASIK的24例(48眼),各组按屈光度不同分为低度组和中度组,术前及术后1个月均行波前像差检查,并进行比较.结果 Kappa角调整的LASIK与标准LASIK均能显著降低低阶像差,显著增加高阶像差,Kappa角调整的LASIK手术后水平彗差(C8)的增加显著小于标准LASIK(P＜0.05).结论 与标准LASIK比较,Kappa角补偿的LASIK术可显著减小中低度近视患者术后水平彗差的增加.     

虹膜跟踪技术在波前像差引导LASIK手术中的应用

目的 观察应用虹膜跟踪技术在波前像差引导的个体化LASIK治疗近视的疗效.设计回顾性病例系列.研究对象接受虹膜跟踪技术和波前像差引导的个体化LASIK治疗的近视患者共39例（74眼）.方法 按术前等值球镜度数将患者分为低度近视组（Ⅰ组,8眼）、中度近视组（Ⅱ组,21眼）、高度近视组（Ⅲ组,23眼）和超高度近视组（Ⅳ组,22眼）,将四组的检查结果进行分析.主要指标裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力（BSCVA）、高阶像差.结果 术后四组患者裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、预期屈光度矫正均取得满意效果.术后3个月时,最佳矫正视力达到或超过1.2者,Ⅰ组为87.5%;Ⅱ组为90.5%;Ⅲ组为73.9%;Ⅳ组为63.6%.达到超视力（2.0）者四组分别为25.0%、23.8%、8.7%和0.0%.其中有34.3%的眼术后BSCVA较术前提高1～3行,2眼术前BSCVA从1.2降到1.0,无视力丢失2行及以上者.术后达到超视力者11眼（占14.8%）.术后总高阶像差增加幅度较普通LASIK显著减小,尤以Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组显著.彗差矫正优于球差.结 论Zyoptix虹膜跟踪技术及波前像差引导LASIK治疗近视及近视散光安全、有效.     

Kappa角补偿LASIK对高阶像差影响的研究

目的探讨kappa角补偿的LASIK手术对不同屈光度近视眼减少像差的影响。方法行LASIK手术的近视及近视散光者75例（149眼）。其中行kappa角补偿的LASIK39例（77眼）,行标准LASIK36例（72眼）。各组按屈光度不同分别分为低度组、中度组和高度组,术前及术后1个月均行波前像差检查,并进行比较。结果Kappa角补偿的LASIK与标准LASIK均能显著降低低阶像差,同时显著增加高阶像差;在中低度近视组,kappa角补偿的LASIK术后水平彗差（C8）的增加显著小于标准LASIK术后;在高度近视组,两组手术方式术后高阶像差增加值无差异。结论与标准LASIK比较,kappa角补偿的LASIK可显著减小中低度近视术后水平彗差的增加。     

滤过试验结合可拆缝线在小梁切除术中的应用

目的　探讨小梁切除术术中做滤过试验结合可拆缝线的应用对预测和控制术后滤过量及预防浅前房的疗效。方法　对 92例 ( 113眼 )原发性青光眼 ,在小梁切除术术中根据滤过试验结果来决定固定缝线和可拆缝线缝合的位置和数量。术后 1～ 7天 ,抽出可拆缝线。回顾性总结术中缝合种类、数量及术后前房深度、眼压、滤过泡、视野。结果　术中 40眼 ( 3 5 40 % )采用一针固定缝线和一至二针可拆缝线 ,5 1眼 ( 45 14 % )采用二针固定缝线和一至二针可拆缝线。术后无一例持续性浅前房。术后第 7天眼压平均 13 5± 3 3 0mmHg。追踪观察 6～ 2 4个月 ,形成功能性滤过泡 89眼( 78 76% ) ,眼压控制 <2 1mmHg 91眼 ( 80 5 3 % ) ,视野不变 98眼 ( 86 73 % )。结论　小梁切除术术中根据滤过试验的结果 ,通过对固定缝线和可拆缝线缝合的位置和数量的选择能有效预测和控制术后滤过量并预防术后浅前房     

超声乳化联合前房角分离治疗伴白内障的青光眼

目的：：观察晶状体超声乳化联合前房角分离术对伴有白内障的慢性闭角型青光眼患者的治疗效果。方法：无并发症伴有白内障的慢性闭角型青光眼50例50眼,施行晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合前房角分离术。术后随访3mo,记录并比较术前及术后最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度及前房角。各指标均采用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,术前及术后3mo的最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度及前房角的情况进行比较。结果：术后3 mo的最佳矫正视力较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义( t=8.76, P=0.001);术后3 mo 的眼压为15.63±3.11mmHg,较术前(45.12±5.30mmHg)明显下降,差异有统计学意义(t=6.27,P=0.000);术后3mo的前房深度为3.57±0.02mm,较术前(1.43±0.25mm)明显加深,差异有统计学意义(t=8.16,P=0.001);术前、术后前房角情况的比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.432,P=0.000;Z=-2.432,P=0.016;Z=-4.379,P=0.000;Z=-4.538, P=0.000)。结论：晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合前房角分离术治疗伴有白内障的慢性闭角型青光眼,能够有效控制眼压,提高视力,是一种安全、有效的手术方法。     

环喷托酯在屈光参差儿童散瞳验光中的应用

目的比较分析1%盐酸环喷托酯与1%阿托品对3~12岁屈光参差儿童散瞳验光效果。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象2010年10月~2011年2月在北京同仁医院眼科斜弱视门诊就诊的3~12岁屈光参差儿童40例(80眼)。方法对以上40例患儿按年龄分成3组,即3~6岁组,7~9岁组和10~12岁组。全部患儿均首先用1%盐酸环喷托酯进行散瞳验光,待其瞳孔完全恢复正常(1周后)再行1%阿托品散瞳验光,比较两种方法的验光结果。主要指标屈光值(球镜度数、柱镜度数及轴向)。结果用1%盐酸环喷托酯散瞳验光结果(球镜:+1.18 D±4.90 D,柱镜:+1.47 D±1.16 D,散光轴向:80.50°±38.62°)与用1%阿托品散瞳验光结果(球镜:+1.20 D±4.91 D,柱镜:+1.47 D±1.15 D,散光轴向:80.06°±38.48°)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。在80眼中,球镜值相同或相差≤0.50 D者77眼,符合率为96.25%;柱镜值在69眼中,结果相同或相差≤0.50 D者65眼,符合率为94.20%;散光轴向在69眼中,结果相同或相差≤5°者67眼,符合率为97.10%。三个年龄组间的球镜、柱镜和散光轴向符合率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论 1%盐酸环喷托酯可以替代1%阿托品用于3~12岁屈光参差儿童散瞳验光,其结果可以作为配镜的依据。     

Bilateral CNV associated with optic nerve drusen treated with photodynamic therapy with verteporfin

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with optic nerve drusen (OND) treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin. METHODS: A 10-year-old girl with juxtapapillary CNV in the right eye and juxtapapillary and juxtafoveal CNV in the left eye associated with OND underwent PDT with verteporfin in both eyes. RESULTS: Visual acuity increased from 20/160 to 20/25 in the right eye and from 20/1000 to 20/25 in the left eye after two sessions of PDT and 2 years of follow-up. CNV showed no leakage after two PDT sessions in both eyes and no recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Subfoveal CNV is an uncommon complication of OND and excellent anatomic and functional results can be obtained with PDT.     

合并成型性渗出的急性前葡萄膜炎与HLA-B27的相关性研究

目的 探讨急性渗出性前葡萄膜炎与HLA-B27的相关性。方法 对53例前房内出现成型性渗出的急性前葡萄膜炎（AAUPE）患者及61例前房内无成型性渗出的急性前葡萄膜炎（AAU）患者进行HLA-B27的检测,并结合临床表现加以分析。结果 成型性渗出的AAUPE患者的HLA-B27阳性率为100％,而无成型性渗出的AAU患者的HLA-B27阳性率仅为50.8％。二者有显著差异性（P<0.01）。两组HLA-B27阳性的病人强直性脊柱炎发生率分别为50.0％和42.9％。结论 结果进一步证实了HLA-B27与成型性渗出密切相关的论点。提示检测AAU患者HLA-B27的阳性率,发现成型性渗出裂隙灯检查似与血清法检测同样准确。     

Levodopa-carbidopa with occlusion in older children with amblyopia

PURPOSE: To study the role of levodopa-carbidopa in supplementing occlusion therapy in older children with strabismic or anisometropic amblyopia. Methods: A clinical study was performed on 40 amblyopic children (19 strabismic and 21 anisometropic), 6 to 18 years old (mean age, 10.9 years). They received an average dose of 1.86 mg/kg/day (1.33-2.36 mg/kg/day) of levodopa and carbidopa (4:1 ratio) or a placebo in 3 divided doses over a 4-week period, combined with full-time occlusion. The occlusion was continued for the study duration of 3 months. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual acuity charts and Cambridge low-contrast gratings for contrast sensitivity (CS) were used to assess visual functions. Tolerance and compliance with occlusion and capsule consumption were assessed. RESULTS: Visual acuity of the nonamblyopic eye did not deteriorate during the study in either group. CS decreased by 22 units in the levodopa group and increased in the placebo group by 53 units at the first month. The CS in the levodopa group recovered later by the third month of follow-up. Both the levodopa and the placebo groups showed significant improvement in visual function in the amblyopic eye (P <.001). Overall changes in logarithm of minimum angle of resolution values and CS in the amblyopic eyes were similar in both groups (P >.05). Strabismic and anisometropic amblyopes did not behave differently. Drug tolerance, occlusion compliance, and capsule ingestion compliance were similar between the groups, with no significant side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Clinically, levodopa supplementation does not offer any advantage over occlusion alone. Moreover, the risk of occlusion amblyopia could increase with the use of drugs like levodopa that might affect the plasticity of the visual cortex.     

Phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C in patients with uveitis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C for the management of uveitic complications. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of the records of 23 consecutive eyes with chronic noninfectious uveitis (uveitic group) and 43 nonuveitic eyes (control group) that had received primary phacotrabeculectomy. Mitomycin C was used in all the uveitic eyes. Considering the high preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) of the uveitic group, nonuveitic eyes that had a preoperative IOP of >or=20 mm Hg or that had been given two or more medications were included in the control group. All patients were followed for at least one year. The main outcome measures were postoperative vision, IOP control, complications, and acute uveitis relapse rates. RESULTS: Visual outcome of the uveitic group was similar to the control group. In the uveitic group, the success rate of IOP control (91.3% at one year, 84.8% at two years) was favorable but was significantly lower than in the control group (P = .0423). Complications were comparable between the groups. Primary surgical failure in the uveitic group was associated with the postoperative acute uveitis attack. In the uveitic group, the acute uveitis attack rate showed no change after surgery (P = .283). CONCLUSION: With adequate inflammation suppression, phacotrabeculectomy with mitomycin C is an effective and safe therapeutic option for the management of secondary cataract and glaucoma in uveitic eyes. A lower surgical success rate of the uveitic group might be attributable to the postoperative inflammation recurrence.     

小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的：观察小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除术在原发性闭角型青光眼(包括急性闭角型青光眼与慢性闭角型青光眼)合并白内障患者中的临床治疗效果及对并发症的影响。

方法：选取2014-01/2016-07在我院诊治的青光眼合并白内障患者60例60眼,采用随机数字方法分为对照组(30例30眼)和观察组(30例30眼)。对照组采用小梁切除术治疗,观察组采用小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除治疗,比较两组临床效果及并发症发生率情况。

结果：观察组术后视力与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 观察组术后眼压水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 观察组术后前房深度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 观察组术后并发症发生率为7%,显著低于对照组的23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者在小梁切除术基础上联合超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗效果理想,并发症发生率相对较低。     

雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗DR合并新生血管性青光眼

目的：探究雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗DR合并新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的临床效果。

方法：选取2016-01/2018-02我院眼科收治的DR合并NVG患者198例,根据治疗方案不同分为观察组(103例)和对照组(95例),观察组采用术前注射雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗,对照组单纯采用玻璃体切割术治疗,玻璃体切割术后10～15d Ⅱ期实施Ahmed房水引流阀植入。观察两组治疗后眼压、BCVA、VEGF等指标变化情况。

结果：观察组的玻璃体切割术的手术时间、新生血管出血次数、电凝次数均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组在玻璃体切割术后1wk和Ⅱ期Ahmed房水引流阀植入术后1mo BCVA、眼压均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组Ⅱ期Ahmed房水引流阀植入术前VEGF和术后1mo视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组总并发发生率低于对照组(10.7% vs 28.4%,P<0.05)。

结论：雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗DR合并NVG的疗效显著,且使Ⅱ期Ahmed房水引流阀植入手术难度下降,对患者视力、眼压水平恢复较好。     

Epikeratoplasty with nonlyophilized tissue in children with aphakia

We studied 75 epikeratoplasty procedures using nonlyophilized tissue performed by eight ophthalmic surgeons in 70 eyes (47 patients) to correct for aphakia in children less than 8 years of age (mean age, 3.4 +/- 2.1 years). Of the 47 patients in the study, 24 were girls and 23 were boys; 23 patients had bilateral surgery. Seven of the epigrafts required removal; two were not replaced, and five underwent successful repeat epikeratoplasty. Overall, the success rate (that is, the percentage of epigrafts that remained optically and functionally clear throughout the course of this study) for the epikeratoplasty procedure was 89% (62 of 70 eyes) for initial surgery and 96% (67 of 70 eyes) for repeat surgery. The average spherical equivalent was +14.4 +/- 3.7 diopters preoperatively and +0.3 +/- 2.9 diopters one year after the operation. One year after the final surgical procedure, 42 of 56 eyes (75%) were within 3 diopters of emmetropia. In the 29 verbal patients, best-corrected visual acuity was 20/100 or better in 25 (86.2%) one year after the operation.