鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术42例手术体会

目的 总结鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床体会.方法 回顾性分析2009年9月～2013年4月42例（45眼）慢性泪囊炎病人均在鼻内镜下行泪囊鼻腔吻合术,随访6个月至2年.结果 治愈39眼,好转4眼,无效2眼,有效率达95.0％.结论 鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术具有操作简单、创伤小、并发症少和美观无瘢痕及治愈率高的优点。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗复杂性慢性泪囊炎

目的 分析鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗复杂性慢性泪囊炎的临床效果。方法 对12例（14眼）复杂性慢性泪囊炎采用鼻内镜下经鼻行鼻腔泪囊吻合术。术后鼻腔应用局部激素及泪道冲洗。结果 术后随访6个月~3年,治愈11眼,好转1眼,无效2眼;治愈率为78.6%,好转率为7.1%,无效率为14.3%,总有效率85.7%,无1例出现严重手术并发症。结论 鼻内镜下治疗复杂性慢性泪囊炎较传统鼻外进路鼻腔泪囊吻合术视野清晰,可同时处理鼻内病变且损伤小,操作更精细,效果较好,术后恢复快,更具有可行性。     

影像导航辅助内镜下经鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的疗效分析

目的：探讨影像导航辅助鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的疗效。方法：2010-01-2013-08期间对13例（14眼）慢性泪囊炎患者行影像导航辅助内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术,回顾性分析其临床资料、手术方法,观察临床疗效。结果：术后随访6个月以上,治愈12眼,好转2眼,无效0眼;有效率为100%,无相关并发症发生。结论：影像导航系统辅助内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎安全、有效。对于术中定位泪囊以及把握手术进程意义显著。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术17例

目的探讨鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎及其他原因造成的鼻泪管阻塞的疗效。方法回顾分析2004年7月至2006年7月收治的17例（19眼）鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术的临床资料。结果17例(19眼)中,女11例(12眼),男6例（7眼）,治愈18眼,好转1眼,有效率100％;鼻内吻合口在3个月内上皮化。结论鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术是治疗慢性泪囊炎及其他原因造成的鼻泪管阻塞的切实可行的手术方法。     

鼻内镜下经鼻高位泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床观察

目的　探讨鼻内镜下经鼻高位泪囊鼻腔吻合术（dacryocystorhinostomy,DCR）治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床疗效。方法　回顾性分析河北省沧州中西医结合医院2009年1月～2019年1月收治的141例（141眼）慢性泪囊炎患者,所有患者均采用鼻内镜下DCR治疗,2009年1月～2016年2月74例患者行鼻内镜下经鼻平中鼻甲腋DCR（低位DCR组）,2016年3月～2019年1月67例患者行鼻内镜下经鼻高位泪囊鼻腔吻合术（高位DCR组）,分析两组患者术后半年疗效。结果  低位DCR组患者治愈55例,好转10例,无效9例,治疗总有效率为87.8%;高位DCR组患者治愈59例,好转6例,无效2例,治疗总有效率97%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.12,P <0.05）。结论　鼻内镜下经鼻高位DCR治疗慢性泪囊炎疗效显著,安全有效,值得推广。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗慢性泪囊炎的手术探讨

目的 探讨经鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗慢性泪囊炎的手术方式、技巧及临床疗效。方法 采用鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊造口术治疗慢性泪囊炎28例(30眼),术后在鼻内镜下行常规泪道冲洗及鼻腔清理换药。结果 所有病例随访6个月,治愈率93.33%,总有效率100% 。结论 经鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术是治疗慢性泪囊炎的理想方法,具有创伤性小、治愈率高、不影响美容的特点。     

鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的报告改良鼻内镜下鼻腔泪囊吻合术的手术方法和疗效。方法由鼻内径路鼻内镜下施行鼻腔泪囊吻合术,治疗慢性泪囊炎共13例(14眼),术中做好骨窗后将泪囊壁向后翻转,剪除翻转的鼻腔黏膜约3.0mm后与泪囊黏膜对合一针。结果治愈12眼,好转1眼,无效1眼,有效率92.8%(13/14)。结论本术式操作简便,损伤小,恢复快,无面部瘢痕,疗效显著。     

鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的 探讨经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔吻合术的方法与临床效果。方法 1991年11月-2006年3月采用鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术治疗慢性泪囊炎患者144例（155眼）。回顾分析其临床资料，总结手术方法，观察临床疗效。结果 144例患者（155眼）术后随访1年，治愈率为87．7％（136／155），显效率4．5％（7／155），有效率1．9％（3／155），无效5．8％（9／155），总有效率94．2％（146／155）。结论 严格掌握手术适应证、熟悉有关解剖、牢记手术操作要点，鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术是治疗慢性泪囊炎的一种有效方法，同时对鼻-鼻窦疾病的治疗及术后随访处理是提高鼻内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术疗效的有效手段。     

鼻内窥镜下泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的探讨鼻内窥镜下施行泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎的方法.方法回顾分析经鼻腔泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎45例的临床资料.结果45例中治愈38例,占84.4%,好转5例,占11.2%,无效2例,占4.4%.结论在鼻内窥镜下行泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎(鼻泪管阻塞)与经皮泪囊鼻腔造孔吻合术相比,具有临床疗效好,操作简单,术中出血少,术后面部无疤痕等优点.     

鼻内镜下银夹固定泪囊造孔治疗慢性泪囊炎

目的探讨经鼻内镜下利用银夹固定泪囊造孔治疗慢性泪囊炎。方法对39例(42眼)慢性泪囊炎病人经鼻内镜行泪囊鼻腔造口,用银夹把造口处泪囊黏膜和鼻腔黏骨膜固定吻合,无需置管让其形成瘘口。所有病例随访3个月以上,对其疗效观察分析。结果手术治愈36眼(85.7%),好转3眼(7.1%),无效3眼(7.1%)。无效3眼为泪囊狭窄所致,改留置腰麻管2个月后泪道部分通畅。结论经鼻内镜银夹固定泪囊造孔治疗慢性泪囊炎,操作简便、方便,疗程短,有良好的治疗效果,是较理想的手术方式。     

Endoscopic 'cold steel' versus laser dacryocystorhinostomy: completing the audit cycle

INTRODUCTION: Dacryocystorhinostomy via an endonasal route has been adopted in our department. This audit study describes and compares our results for external, laser endonasal and 'cold steel' endonasal techniques. Success was defined as a subjective report of eye watering being 'better' or 'cured'. Data were obtained from a retrospective review of the medical records of all patients undergoing primary dacryocystorhinostomy in our department. 'Gold standard': External dacryocystorhinostomy performed by a consultant ophthalmologist was taken as our gold standard. In our study, the success rate for external dacryocystorhinostomy was 94 per cent. First cycle - laser-assisted endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: Our initial results for endonasal laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy produced a success rate of 64 per cent, which was significantly worse than that for external dacryocystorhinostomy. These results have been previously published. CHANGE IN PRACTICE: Evidence suggested that cold steel endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy was more effective, and we adopted this as our technique of choice. Second cycle - cold steel endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: Over a four-year period, 57 cases completed a full nine months' follow up. 93 per cent were completed as day cases and 39 per cent were performed under local anaesthetic. The success rate was 79 per cent (45/57). There was no difference in success rates when this procedure was compared with external dacryocystorhinostomy (p = 0.55). The type of anaesthetic used (i.e. local vs general) made no difference to the success rate (p = 0.93). CHANGE IN PRACTICE: Cold steel endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy was as effective as the gold standard, i.e. external dacryocystorhinostomy. Laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy was significantly less successful than external dacryocystorhinostomy. Due to the benefits of decreased operating time, lower morbidity and success under local anaesthetic, we recommend cold steel endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy as our procedure of choice for the treatment of epiphora.     

Comparison of surgical outcomes in primary endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with and without silicone intubation

The surgical outcome of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy was analyzed in 30 cases of postsaccal stenosis. Intubation with silicone tubing was used in 14 cases (46.7%) and not used in 16 cases (53.3%). Surgical success was evaluated subjectively and objectively. The patients' complaints were improved in 85.7% of cases in the intubation group, and in 81.3% of the group in which no stent was used. Postoperative endoscopic examinations revealed that the rhinostomy opening was visible in 11 cases without intubation (68.8%) and 9 cases with intubation (64.3%). Six patients in the intubation group (42.9%) had granulation tissue at the rhinostomy site. Four patients (28.6%) had complaints regarding the intubation. Considering the similar surgical success rates, and the granulation formation, patient discomfort, and cost related to intubation, we recommend endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without intubation as the treatment of choice in cases of chronic epiphora due to postsaccal stenosis of the lacrimal canal.     

Long-term results of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy

The aim of this study is to review the long-term results of endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) according to our experience as well as to evaluate potential prognostic factors for long-term outcomes. The files of 165 patients who underwent endonasal DCR at a tertiary referral centre between 1991 and 2001 were retrospectively assessed. Furthermore, these cases were clinically evaluated at least 5 years after surgery and completed a subjective result evaluation questionnaire. A cure was reported by a total of 112 (67.9%) subjects and significant improvement without need for further treatment was noted in 23 cases (13.9%). Thirty (18.2%) cases were considered as failures. The overall successful outcome according to the subjective symptom evaluation was 81.8%. Poor correlation between clinical findings and subjective report of symptoms was found. None of the prognostic factors that were assessed affected outcomes significantly. In conclusion, long-term success rates for endonasal DCR seem to be comparable to previously published short-term results.     

Endonasal carbon-dioxide laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy verses external dacryocystorhinostomy

This is a prospective, non-randomized study to evaluate and compare the results, morbidity and surgical time for endonasal carbon-dioxide laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy and external dacryocystorhinostomy. 70 consecutive patients of chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction were selected for the study. 36 patients under went endonasal CO2 laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy and 34 had external dacryocystorhinostomy. Selection of the type of operation was left to the patient's choice. All the patients had preoperative counseling and both the procedures were explained in detail with their advantages and disadvantages. Patients not willing for the external incision were selected for endonasal laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy and others were operated via external approach. Silicone tubes were put in all the patients for three months after surgery. The final follow up was 12 months after the removal of silicone tubes. The patency of the lacrimal passage was confirmed by irrigation, and patients were questioned about their symptoms. The success rates, 12 months after removal of silicone tubes were 100% in endonasal CO2 laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy and 88.24% in external dacryocystorhinostomy. The surgical time of endonasal laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy was 38 minutes as compared to 62 in external dacryocystorhinostomy. Complication rate in both groups was almost equal. Thus, we came to the conclusion that Endonasal CO2 laser assisted dacryocystorhinostomy is a better surgical option to external dacryocystorhinostomy in cases of chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, with shorter surgical time.     

Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and retrograde nasolacrimal duct dilatation with cannulation: our experience

Endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy [EDCR] is considered to be a superior alternative technique to the conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy [DCR], both in primary and secondary cases. It is of particular value in children and young adults as it avoids an external scar. Sixteen cases of chronic dacryo-cystitis were treated by the endoscopic technique, including 8 revision cases of failed external approach. In all cases except one, a patent nasolacrimal fistula was noted, with a success rate of 93.7%. The authors share their experience in EDCR and review the relevant literature.     

复发性泪囊炎经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔造孔术

目的评价复发性泪囊炎经鼻内镜泪囊鼻腔造孔术的疗效。方法对38例(44眼)病人行鼻内镜下吻合口瘢痕组织切除,造孔留置支撑物2-3个月。结果经术后随访6个月-36个月,治愈40眼,占91％;好转2眼,无效2眼,各占4.5％。结论该手术方式效果确切,易操作,创伤小,不影响面部美观,是治疗复发性泪囊炎的一种理想方法。     

鼻丘气房过度气化对内镜下泪囊鼻内造口术的影响

目的探讨鼻丘气房过度气化在鼻内镜下泪囊鼻内造口术时对造孔的影响。方法18例溢泪患者经泪囊造影CT检查后显示鼻泪管阻塞,且鼻丘气房气化超过泪颌缝,采用经鼻内镜下鼻丘气房泪囊鼻内造口术,回顾性分析该术式及临床疗效。结果18例（20眼）术后随访1年,治愈率9 0%（18/20）;显效5%（1/20）;有效5%（1/20）,总有效率100%。结论通过术前泪囊CT造影检查明确鼻丘气房与泪囊窝的局部解剖关系,对鼻丘气房过度发育者,可行经鼻丘气房泪囊鼻内造口术。     

腰大池引流联合鞘内注射对内镜经鼻颅底手术术后颅内感染的疗效分析

目的研究腰大池引流联合鞘内注射治疗内镜经鼻颅底手术术后颅内感染的疗效,为内镜颅底手术术后颅内感染的治疗提供依据。方法对2002年6月~2017年6月内镜经鼻颅底手术术后颅内感染病例30例进行回顾性研究,其中腰大池引流+鞘内注射美罗培南,并行全身应用美罗培南组（简称引流组）12例,其余单纯全身应用美罗培南组（简称对照组）18例,比较两组治疗过程中脑脊液白细胞计数与生化变化及治愈率。结果治疗后3 d及1周,两组患者脑脊液中白细胞计数,蛋白质定量均降低,脑脊液葡萄糖均升高,引流组改善程度优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。引流组治愈率91.7%,对照组为77.8%。差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。引流组死亡率8.3%,对照组死亡率22.2%。结论腰大池引流联合鞘内注射美罗培南,并行全身应用美罗培南治疗内镜经鼻颅底手术术后颅内感染,能够明显提高疗效,降低死亡率。     

Endoillumination-guided intranasal microscopic dacryocystorhinostomy for difficult cases

PURPOSE: This prospective study explores the efficacy of a combined approach by intranasal microsurgical dacryocystorhinostomy and fiberglass endoillumination of the tear passage for difficult cases of lacrimal sac or nasolacrimal duct obstruction. METHODS: Microscopic dacryocystorhinostomy was performed in 67 patients with lacrimal obstruction and for revision of external dacryocystorhinostomy. Improved endonasal visualization by microscope and combination with endoillumination of the tear passage allows instant identification and opening of the lacrimal nasal sac without skin incision. Silicon tubes were used for bicanalicular intubation. The patients were prospectively observed for at least 1 year. RESULTS: The operation was well tolerated by all patients. In 95%, a persistently open tear passage was successfully established. No serious complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Endoillumination of the lacrimal sac is useful for locating the sac precisely and refining the endonasal operation technique.