复方灭滴灵局部应用对创伤厌氧菌感染的防治作用

用切割和挤压法使孵鼠后腿肌肉损伤，伤口用灭菌泥土和产气荚膜梭菌污染。未治疗的对照组动物有75%死于严重的产气荚膜棱菌感染，伤口内检出的细菌以产气荚膜梭菌为主。左伤口被污染后4小时用复方灭滴灵做局部治疗，治疗组动物活存率为94．4％（p〈0．01）；伤口内未检出产气荚膜棱菌。结果表明，局部应用复方灰滴灵防活创防废氧菌感染是有效的。     

羊源性产气荚膜梭菌的药物敏感性检测

为了解新疆羊源性产气荚膜梭菌的耐药性,为羊梭菌病的防治提供参考,根据美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)推荐的厌气菌药物敏感性实验方法,对新疆不同地区2010-2012年间分离的羊源性产气荚膜梭菌进行了药物敏感性检测.结果表明,所分离的菌株对首选药甲硝唑、克林霉素、青霉素已经耐药,但对次选药头孢曲松、替卡西林仍然敏感,推荐在羊梭菌病临床防治中用这些药物进行治疗.     

创伤伤口分泌物中产气荚膜梭菌快速定量检测方法的建立及应用

目的 建立检测创伤伤口分泌物中产气荚膜梭菌的实时荧光定量PCR方法,为气性坏疽的早期快速诊断提供新手段.方法以产气荚膜梭菌16S rDNA基因序列为模板,在其保守区域设计特异性引物及探针,以PCR扩增产物重组质粒作为定量检测的标准品,绘制标准曲线.对荧光定量PCR体系和反应条件进行优化,并验证方法的特异性、敏感性、重复...     

外科和创伤的厌氧菌感染

厌氧芽胞杆菌与战时及平时创伤的关系,如破伤风梭菌引起破伤风,产气荚膜梭菌引起气性坏疽,早已为外科医生所熟知。然而对另一类更加常见的厌氧菌——无芽胞厌氧菌,许多临床工作者还不大熟悉。现就外科和创伤的厌氧菌感染作一介绍。     

西藏土壤厌氧芽胞梭菌的调查分析

目的　了解西藏高原土壤厌氧芽胞细菌的种类、数量及其对药物敏感情况 ,为平战时感染提供诊疗依据。方法　按照Bergey’s手册对土样进行厌氧培养分离及生化反应鉴定。结果　每克土壤中厌氧芽胞梭菌数为 :30～ 1 6 2 0 0 0、细菌总数为 :0 .1 1× 1 0 7～ 88.6× 1 0 7;同一地区不同地点、同一地点不同深度细菌数和梭菌数相差甚大。未开垦地区不能培养出厌氧细菌 ,75cm以下不能检出厌氧细菌。分离出的 2 7种 93株厌氧芽胞梭菌中主要为产气荚膜梭菌占 2 0 4 %。结论　西藏地区土壤存在有能产生气性坏疽的厌氧芽胞梭菌及其它厌氧菌 ,但大部分来自人或动物的粪便 ,其对常用抗生素的敏感率均在 90 %以上     

新疆主要人畜共患病及非强制免疫类动物疫病防控现状及对策

通过汇总2016-2020年新疆动物防疫工作调研情况和动物疫病的监测情况,分析得出新疆主要人畜共患病及非强制免疫类动物疫病呈现出疫病种类繁多,造成的损失巨大的特点。其中细菌病布鲁氏菌病仍处于多发态势,防控难度较大;牛结核病在新疆各地均有感染点,呈现出点多面广的特点,又以东疆感染率较高;其他病原菌主要是产气荚膜梭菌、巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌等,而产气荚膜梭菌病近2年呈多发趋势。寄生虫病中包虫病畜间阳性率仍然呈现缓慢增长的趋势;羊痒螨病发病率在南疆有上升趋势。病毒病中山羊痘在南疆呈现多发的趋势。基于以上现状,新疆主要人畜共患病及非强制免疫类动物疫病防控面临的主要问题有:政策长期关注度不够,防控力量投入少,社会认知度低;疫病防控技术服务体系建设相对滞后;部分地区畜牧业生产方式仍然落后;流通监管环节仍存漏洞;非强制免疫类动物疫病的免疫效果参差不齐等方面的主要问题。本文针对以上问题提出了切合实际的意见建议和防控对策。     

重组CPTα的亲和纯化及其单克隆抗体的制备

目的 :制备抗A型产气荚膜梭菌毒素α(CPTα)单克隆抗体 (mAb)并鉴定其生物学特性。方法 :利用工程菌株E .coliM15 /pQE30 CPTα表达的重组A型CPTα带有 6个组氨酸 (6×his)标签的特性 ,经Ni NTA螯合亲和层析方法纯化后 ,用纯化的重组CPTα免疫BALB/c鼠 ,以常规杂交瘤细胞融合技术、HAT选择性培养和间接ELISA进行筛选 ,并分析其亚类及中和保护作用。结果 :获得一株能稳定分泌抗CPTα的mAb杂交瘤细胞株 4E2 ,其分泌抗体亚类为IgG1。该mAb与重组CPTα和天然CPTα均可发生特异性反应 ,并可保护小鼠抵抗 2倍最小致死剂量CPTα的攻击 ,属中和性抗体。结论 :应用纯化的重组CPTα成功地获得了特异性的中和抗体mAb 4E2 ,为A型CPTα诊断抗体和治疗性抗体的研制奠定了基础。     

利用groupⅡ intron构建产气荚膜梭菌突变体

目的通过插入失活α毒素基因获得产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)突变体。方法利用MobilegroupⅡintron的自我剪切作用,对本室保藏的1株野生型C.perfringens的α基因plc插入失活。通过菌落PCR检测,以及观察突变株在哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基和脑心浸液培养基(4%卵黄)平板上的形态变化,进行阳性筛选。蛋白质免疫印迹分析α毒素蛋白活性。结果 PCR检测到α毒素突变体的plc基因中,存在Mobile groupⅡintron片段,并且观察到该菌在哥伦比亚鲜血琼脂平板培养基上的α毒素溶血环消失,在脑心浸液培养基(4%卵黄)平板上无白晕。蛋白质免疫印迹分析表明,plc突变体不表达α毒素蛋白。结论成功构建C.perfringensα毒素突变体,为后期探索C.perfringens口服疫苗打下了重要基础。     

外伤合并气性坏疽的救治

<正>气性坏疽是创伤后最严重的并发症之一[1]。主要致病菌约80%为产气荚膜梭菌,其主要的致病因子是α-毒素[2]。我院自2003年1月—2012年9月共收治创伤合并气性坏疽患者12例,经治11例康复出院,1例死亡,现报     

利用groupⅡ intron构建产气荚膜梭菌突变体

目的通过插入失活α毒素基因获得产气荚膜梭菌（Clostridium perfringens）突变体。方法利用MobilegroupⅡintron的自我剪切作用,对本室保藏的1株野生型C.perfringens的α基因plc插入失活。通过菌落PCR检测,以及观察突变株在哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基和脑心浸液培养基（4%卵黄）平板上的形态变化,进行阳性筛选。蛋白质免疫印迹分析α毒素蛋白活性。结果 PCR检测到α毒素突变体的plc基因中,存在Mobile groupⅡintron片段,并且观察到该菌在哥伦比亚鲜血琼脂平板培养基上的α毒素溶血环消失,在脑心浸液培养基（4%卵黄）平板上无白晕。蛋白质免疫印迹分析表明,plc突变体不表达α毒素蛋白。结论成功构建C.perfringensα毒素突变体,为后期探索C.perfringens口服疫苗打下了重要基础。     

加强新型冠状病毒肺炎后疫情时期核医学诊疗工作的防控

新型冠状病毒肺炎是一种传染性极强、严重威胁人类健康的新发传染病,主要通过飞沫和接触传播。在核医学诊疗过程中,应根据疫情的不同时期,严格按照国家相关指南和规范进行有效防控,避免交叉感染,保障核医学工作人员、患者及陪护者的生命健康和医疗安全。     

先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压分级及性质的评估

鉴别先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压是动力型还是阻力型对治疗方案的选择和预后的评估均具重要意义。本文综述先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压的临床分级、分期及肺动脉高压性质的判断,旨在为临床诊疗提供参考。     

Neoplastic transformation and tumour-like lesions in Paget's disease of bone: a pictorial review

The development of a sarcoma is the most serious complication of Paget's disease of bone. Although its incidence is <1% of those with the underlying disease, it is important to recognise the imaging features of these tumours as Paget's disease of bone is relatively common in the ageing population in certain parts of the world. The purpose of this pictorial review is to present the imaging features of Paget's sarcoma based on one orthopaedic oncology centres experience in 49 patients; however, not all masses or destructive lesions arising in association with Paget's disease are sarcomas and not all the tumours are malignant. This review also includes other malignancies which may arise in pagetic bone as well as tumour-like manifestations of Paget's disease.     

Imaging of medical disease of the newborn lung.

Surfactant deficiency remains the most common and serious pulmonary affliction of premature infants. Exogenous surfactant and corticosteroid administration have had a major impact in improving survival and morbidity in this disease with consequent alterations in the clinical and radiographic course. Chronic lung disease, although still common, is usually less severe than previously, especially in larger infants. Significant therapeutic strides in treating persistent pulmonary hypertension with or without meconium aspiration have been the use of high-frequency ventilators, inhaled nitric oxide, and ECMO. Prompt recognition and treatment of infection, atelectasis, and air leak whether primary or secondary are important to overall outcome. Less common pulmonary conditions, such as lymphangiectasia, pulmonary hypoplasia, and alveolar proteinosis, may initially masquerade as more common lesions. Persistent pulmonary hypertension is often the initial diagnosis and part of the clinical problem. Attention must be paid to the clinical and radiographic appearance and excursion of the thoracic cage because deformities and malformations may be the cause of respiratory problems.     

Cross-sectional imaging in acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis is a common disease with potentially serious outcomes. Multiple imaging modalities can be used to evaluate the disease process and its associated complications. Familiarity with the pathogenesis of this disease, indications for imaging, imaging protocols, staging systems, and the strengths and weaknesses of various modalities will help the radiologist optimize patient care.     

Neoplastic transformation and tumour-like lesions in Paget's disease of bone: a pictorial review

The development of a sarcoma is the most serious complication of Paget's disease of bone. Although its incidence is <1% of those with the underlying disease, it is important to recognise the imaging features of these tumours as Paget's disease of bone is relatively common in the ageing population in certain parts of the world. The purpose of this pictorial review is to present the imaging features of Paget's sarcoma based on one orthopaedic oncology centres experience in 49 patients; however, not all masses or destructive lesions arising in association with Paget's disease are sarcomas and not all the tumours are malignant. This review also includes other malignancies which may arise in pagetic bone as well as tumour-like manifestations of Paget's disease.

     

寄生虫病的实验室诊断技术

寄生虫病在我国非常普遍,危害严重。本文详细介绍了对动物寄生虫病的各种实验室诊断方法、诊断液的配制、使用方法、虫种鉴定方法,以及作者在长期寄生虫病诊断方面的经验,可为寄生虫病的诊断、治疗、虫种鉴定提供帮助。     

产前MRI对先天性心脏病胎儿心血管异常和脑发育的量化评估

先天性心脏病（CHD）是影响胎儿生长发育的常见严重疾病,可以合并脑发育迟缓。MRI在胎儿发育定量评估中正逐渐成为超声以外的一种具有潜在价值的补充成像技术。就胎儿CHD与其脑发育的关系,以及产前MRI对CHD胎儿心血管和脑的结构、血流、氧合情况、脑成熟度及代谢情况量化评估的进展进行综述。     

Scleral inflammatory disease

Scleral inflammatory disease, a relatively common disease of the eye, is demonstrable on CT. Because of its unilateral and sometimes focal involvement, it may be mistaken for more serious diseases, both clinically and by CT. In particular, the clinical difficulties in diagnosing posterior scleritis have led to enucleations when such entities as melanoma and metastasis were suspected. We report the CT appearance and differential diagnosis of scleritis and correlate them with its clinical manifestations, both within the eye and systemically. We found CT to be reliable in differentiating scleritis from true choroidal and retrobulbar masses.     

Anatomy,pathology, imaging and intervention of the iliopsoas muscle revisited

The apparent incidence of iliopsoas muscle abnormalities is currently rapidly increasing secondary to the increased number of immuno-compromised patients, malignancies, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, multi-systemic disease and the wide availability of cross-sectional imaging. Disease of the iliopsoas compartment can present with non-specific or indolent clinical features, particularly where normal immune responses are attenuated. Delay in diagnosis can lead to inappropriate initial treatment and, in some cases, serious complications. Wider availability and application of modern cross-sectional imaging offers rapid, confident diagnosis. An understanding of iliopsoas compartment anatomy and pathways of disease spread are essential to recognising these clinically important conditions. We review the anatomy, clinical presentation and common imaging findings of iliopsoas disease as it presents through the emergency room.