成人不同采血体位对血常规检验结果的影响

目的研究分析成人不同采血体位对血常规检验结果产生的影响。方法随机选取我院2016年9月至2017年9月实行血常规检验99例健康体检者作为此次研究活动对象。根据受检者采血体位的不同将所有受检者分为A、B、C三组。A组受检者卧位10 min后采血,B组受检者半卧位10 min后采血,C组受检者坐位10 min后采血。对比不同采取体位对血常规检验产生的影响。结果检验结果显示,相对比B组受检者,A组受检者的检测结果均较低,差异符合统计学意义(P<0.05);而C组受检者检测结果要高于B受检者,差异明显(P<0.05)。结论成人血常规检验中,不同体位采血对检验结果产生一定影响,为避免检验结果差异,应指导受检者保持统一体位,以确保检验结果科学性、准确性。     

血样采集部位及采血后检测时间对血常规检验结果的影响

目的 分析血常规检验价值,评价血样采集部位、采血后检测时间对血常规检验结果的影响,为血常规检验工作提供参考,以确保检验准确性。方法 选择我院2019年8月至2020年2月进行血常规检验的血样提供者,总计200例。血样采集部位包括静脉血、末梢血,经全自动血液分析仪检验血常规,比较不同血样采集部位血常规[白细胞计数（WBC）、血小板计数（PLT）、红细胞计数（RBC）、血红蛋白浓度（Hb）]检验结果。另外,对比采血后检测时间（采血后0～30 min、2 h、4 h）对血常规检验结果的影响。结果 血样采集部位静脉血、末梢血血常规（WBC、PLT、RBC、Hb）检验结果差异有统计学意义,P <0.05。另外,采血后0～30 min血常规检测WBC、Hb、PLT、RBC指标水平明显有别于采血后2 h以及4 h,P <0.05,差异有统计学意义。采血后2 h、4 h血常规检测WBC、Hb、PLT、RBC指标水平差异无统计学意义,P> 0.05。结论 血样采集部位、采血后不同检测时间均可影响血常规检验结果,为了避免采血部位、检测时间对检验结果准确性的影响,血样采集部位建议静脉采血,...     

末梢血与静脉血在血常规检验中的对比观察

目的：对末梢血与静脉血在血常规检验中的差异进行对比分析,为今后的临床检验工作提供可靠的参考依据。方法选择2013年1-12月血常规检查受试者500例,分别采取其末梢血和静脉血常规检测,并对两种检测结果进行对比分析。结果静脉血WBC、PLT水平低于末梢血,Hb、RBC和Hct高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。末梢血抗凝后10min、30min血小板、白细胞水平均高于0min（即刻）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。末梢血抗凝后10min和30min血小板、白细胞水平差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。静脉血检测0min、10min和30min血小板、白细胞水平差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论血常规检测中,末梢血与静脉血标本的检验结果存在一定的差异,临床应依据具体情况下采取合适的血液标本,以提高临床检验准确性,为临床诊断提供更加可靠的参考依据。     

LH780全自动血液分析仪分类不准确原因的探讨

目的了解全自动血液分析仪分类不准确的影响因素,找出分类不准确的原因,避免误诊和漏诊。方法采用LH780全自动血液分析对患者和体检者血常规标本在采血后,进行立即、15 min和30 min测定,并进行人工镜检。观察检测结果。结果发现立即检测时存在单核细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞分类假性增高的现象。立即检测与15、30 min及人工镜检在分类上比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);15和30 min及人工镜检结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论目前血液分析仪普遍存在分类不准确的现象,血液样本最好多放置一段时间再进行测定,以提高检验结果的准确性,且标本采集时注重抗凝剂与血液的比例,必要时应该做涂片染色镜检,避免误报。     

血液常规检查的诸多影响因素

目的 探讨血常规检查的影响因素,提高检验结果的准确性和可靠性.方法 对2009年以来本院进行血常规检验的病例进行调查分析,总结血常规检查的诸多影响因素.结果 患者的生理因素、试剂因素、仪器因素、人为因素等对检验结果的影响很大.结论 完善制度、规范操作、提高标本质量,降低人为因素带来的误差,可提高检验质量.     

坐位腰硬联合麻醉对剖宫产产妇血流动力学的影响观察

目的探讨坐位腰硬联合麻醉对剖宫产产妇血流动力学的影响。方法选取2008年1月～2012年9月于本院进行卧位下腰硬联合麻醉的39例剖宫产产妇为对照组,同期采用坐位下腰硬联合麻醉的39例产妇为观察组,后将两组产妇的麻黄碱用量、一次穿刺成功率、不良反应发生率及麻醉前、麻醉后5min、15min的SBP、DBP、HR、CVP水平进行比较。结果观察组的麻黄碱用量小于对照组,一次穿刺成功率高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,麻醉后5min及15min的SBP、DBP及CVP均高于对照组,HR低于对照组,P均<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论坐位腰硬联合麻醉对剖宫产产妇血流动力学的影响小于卧位下麻醉的患者,因此可有效降低相关影响指标。     

临床血常规检验中常见误差问题探讨

目的对临床血常规检验中常见的误差问题进行分析,为减小临床血常规检验误差提供参考依据。方法 50例健康体检者,采集其外周静脉血液标本,分别在不同温度、不同检测时间以及不同抗凝剂浓度下,对这50份血液标本进行血常规检验,对比血常规检验结果中的红细胞、白细胞以及血小板含量。结果不同温度下进行血常规检验的结果中,白细胞含量和血小板含量比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同检测时间进行血常规检验的结果中,白细胞含量和血小板含量比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同抗凝剂浓度下进行血常规检验的结果中,红细胞含量比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对血液标本进行血常规检验时,血液标本保存温度不一致、检测时间不一致、抗凝剂浓度不合格均会导致检验结果出现误差。在血常规检验时,应制定血液标本保存温度、检测时间及抗凝剂浓度的统一标准,并严格按照规范步骤进行操作。     

溶血标本对血常规检验各项指标的影响及分析

目的探讨溶血标本对血常规检验各项指标的影响及分析,避免标本溶血,确保为临床诊断与治疗提供更为科学、准确的检验依据。方法选取2012年10月至2013年5月在我院体验1000份血常规标本进行检测,对溶血前后结果进行分析。结果血常规检验结果,溶血标本与非溶血标本差异较大,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论溶血标本对血常规检验结果有重大的干扰作用,在日常检验工作中,掌握规范的采血技术、规范的检验操作技术十分必要,避免溶血对血常规检验的干扰。     

影响血常规检测结果的相关因素分析

目的：分析研究影响血常规检测的相关因素,并有针对性的提高血常规检验的准确度。方法采用全自动血液分析仪,取不同放置时间、温度以及部位的样本80例,分析其检测结果。结果血小板12 h的检测值与5 min的结果、24 h后送检红细胞计数与2 h内送检、不同部位的血细胞计数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但不同保存温度下患者的血细胞计数则差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论影响血常规检测的因素较多,因此检查员应严格控制测试前后以及检验的质量,保证血常规检测的准确性。     

不同采血方法进行血常规检验在临床中的应用

目的对不同采血方法进行血常规检验在临床中的应用效果进行相关探讨。方法选取2014年2月至2015年2月,我院接收的260例接受血常规检验的患者随机分成实验组和对照组,每组各有患者130例。对照组患者采用末梢血采集方法进行血常规检验,实验组患者采用静脉血采集的方法进行血常规检测,比较两组患者的血常规检查结果。结果实验组中患者血常规检测结果中红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白、血小板的结果远远高于对照组中患者的检测结果,两组差异明显,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论不同采血方法进行血常规检验的检测结果不同,可能对检测结果的准确性造成影响,在临床上使用静脉血采集来检测血常规,效果更加显著。     

Serum digoxin concentration: increase after rest in different body positions.

If outpatients are allowed to rest in the supine position before their blood is sampled, serum digoxin increases. In a recent study, the serum digoxin concentration after 2-h standardized supine rest correlated better with the clinical status of patients than the value before rest. In the present study, 21 outpatients were studied on 2 consecutive days, approximately 24 h after the latest dose of digoxin. Blood samples for the assay of serum digoxin were taken on arrival at the department and after 1.5- and 2-h rest either supine or sitting (random order). The increases after 1.5-h rest were 12% (0-25%; p less than 0.001) and 12% (-3-47%; p less than 0.001), supine and sitting, respectively. The respective increases after 2-h rest were 14% (-11-32%; p less than 0.001) and 16% (0-74%; p less than 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the increases in serum digoxin concentration after supine and sitting rest. These results make it possible to recommend standardized rest in the sitting position (1.5-2 h) for outpatients before blood samples are collected when reliable serum digoxin analyses are of importance.     

Method for evaluating drip-rate accuracy of intravenous flow-regulating devices.

The effects of patient movement and position on the drip-rate accuracy of several i.v. flow-regulating devices were investigated. Intravenous infusion sites were established in 20 healthy adult volunteers. All the subjects received 5% dextrose injection through the same type of i.v. tubing from 500-mL bags hung from standard i.v. fluid poles. The flow-regulating devices tested were the IVAC 280, which served as the control device; a roller clamp; the Dial-A-Flo; the Exacdrop; and the 3M IV Flow Regulator. Drip rates were present at 40 drops/min and were measured before and after the subjects moved among the supine, sitting, and standing positions and walking. The drip rate was reset to 40 drops/min after each position change. Changing position from supine to sitting did not affect mean drip rates for the IVAC 280 and 3M IV Flow Regulator devices but significantly decreased the rates for the roller clamp, Dial-A-Flo, and Exacdrop. The change from sitting to standing did not affect the IVAC 280 and 3M IV Flow Regulator drip rates but significantly decreased the rates for the other devices. None of the rates was dramatically affected when the subjects went from standing to walking, although the effect achieved significance for the roller clamp and Exacdrop devices. The change from walking to the supine position did not affect the drip rates for the IVAC 280 and 3M IV Flow Regulator but significantly increased the rates for the other devices. The drip-rate accuracy of the roller clamp, Dial-A-Flo, and Exacdrop devices was significantly affected when subjects changed positions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

静脉血与末梢血在血常规检测中的结果分析

目的探讨静脉血与末梢血在使用血细胞分析仪进行血常规检测中结果的稳定性。方法将近期于本院就诊的患者及健康体检人员100例随机分为两组,末梢血组采集指尖血,静脉血组采集静脉血,在0、10、30min分别进行检测,比较两组3次检测结果。结果末梢血组30min时白细胞、血小板检测结果与10min时差异无统计学意义,与0min时检测结果差异有统计学意义。静脉血组3个时间点数值差异均无统计学意义。结论末梢血在血常规检测中结果受检测时间影响,而静脉血检测结果可重复性强,准确性高。     

HPLC determination of chondrosine in mouse blood plasma after intravenous or oral dose

The bioavailability of chondrosine was evaluated by its direct measurement as found in the blood plasma following removal of plasma proteins by perchloric acid. The postcolumn HPLC determination of chondrosine was performed on an SCX column (6 mm i.d.x 150 mm), 0.35 mol/l boric acid (pH 5.2 adjusted by 0.1 mol/l NaOH) as an eluent (0.9 ml/min), 0.5% 2-cyanoacetamide and 1.0 M NaOH as fluorogenic reagents (0.25 ml/min each) with a fluorescence detector (ex. 331nm, em. 383nm). Two separate animal studies were conducted. In study 1, adult male ddY mice (n=6) received i.v. chondrosine (1.0 mg/kg body weight) and the plasma samples were collected. In the second study, 6 adult male ddY mice received p.o. chondrosine (400 mg/kg body weight) and the plasma samples were collected. Blood plasma samples were deproteinized by perchloric acid, analyzed and the bioavailability of chondrosine was determined. Twenty five to fifty microliters of blood plasma were required for the assay. Chondrosine was absorbed after oral administration with two phases having two maximum values, 7.8+/-5.4 and 4.0+/-1.9 at 15 microg/ml and 120 min, respectively; it disappeared from the blood flow very quickly after intravenous administration. This study provides the first report of the bioavailability of orally administered chondrosine in mice.     

股骨近端骨折围手术期隐性失血及其对术后康复影响的研究

目的探讨股骨近端骨折围手术期的隐性失血量及形成原因和对术后康复的影响。方法2007年1月至2008年9月,行股骨近端骨折手术52例,其中男37例,女15例;年龄20～55岁。所有入选病例术前均查血常规,并记录血红蛋白(Hb)值。手术医师在术后第1天根据估计术中出血量和引流量估算失血量,其与术中和术后出血量的差值即为隐性失血。并选择心率、股四头肌恢复时间和下床时间做为指标观察对其的影响。结果术前、术后平均Hb值比较t=16.62,P<0.001,差异有统计学意义;实际平均失血量与估算失血量比较t=79.78,P<0.001,差异有统计学意义;术前、术后心率变化比较t=-12.94,P<0.001,差异有统计学意义;隐性失血>400 ml与<400 ml组比较股四头肌恢复时间和下床时间分别为t=9.29,P<0.001和t=3.12,P<0.005,差异有统计学意义。结论隐性失血的原因是多方面的,应特别注意及时补充血容量。对隐性失血的正确认识有助于提高临床评估能力,帮助患者度过围手术期。     

Orally administered cyclo(His-Pro) reduces ethanol-induced narcosis in mice.

Cyclo(His-Pro) (cHP) is an endogenous, enzymatically resistant, biologically active peptide. We examined its ability to be absorbed after oral administration. cHP radioactively labeled with 125I (I-cHP) was fed to adult mice, and blood and tissue samples were taken 15-90 min later. Radioactivity quickly appeared in blood at levels about one half to one fourth those previously found after IV injection. The highest concentrations were in the kidney and liver, but the testes, muscle, lung, and brain also contained more radioactivity than was accounted for by their vascular spaces. Between 25-32% of the radioactivity recovered from blood 30 min after feeding eluted on high-performance liquid chromatography in the position of intact peptide. Oral cHP reversed ethanol-induced narcosis, an effect previously found to occur within the brain. These results show that cHP can be absorbed orally in amounts sufficient to affect the CNS.     

Toluene levels in blood and brain of rats during and after respiratory exposure

Eighty rats were exposed to 575 ppm toluene by inhalation for up to 240 min. Animals in one group were sacrificed during exposure at 15, 30, 60, 120, or 240 min. Following a 240-min exposure, groups of rats were sacrificed at 15, 30, 120, or 240 min. Blood was drawn from the vena cava of sacrificed subjects. Brains were extracted and homogenized. Blood and brain tissue were assayed for toluene by gas chromatography. One-compartment pharmacokinetic models were fitted to predict toluene levels in blood and whole brain as a function of time. Estimated asymptotes were 10.5 ppm (μg/g) for venous blood and 18.0 ppm (μg/g) for brain. Blood and brain toluene levels achieved 95% of estimated asymptotes in 53 and 58 min, respectively. Brain and blood toluene levels did not rise at significantly different rates. Though the difference was small, brain toluene level fell significantly more rapidly than toluene level in blood. In cases where other data were available in the literature on rodents or man, the results reported here agreed well with earlier data.     

坐位、仰卧位血压测量的对比探讨

目的探讨坐位与仰卧位无创血压测量有否不同。方法对200名健康学生选用左、右上肢肱动脉测压法,分别测量采用坐位、仰卧位两种体位的血压。结果坐位时测量的左、右侧收缩压分别为(110.1±2.6)mmHg和(112.3±2.2)mmHg,均大于仰卧位时的(108.2±2.8)mmHg和(110.2±3.1)mmHg,但无显著性差异;舒张压分别为(70±2.4)mmHg和(72.4±2.1)mmHg,显著大于仰卧位时的(64.1±2.3)mmHg和(66.2±2.1)mmHg,P<0.05。结论健康青年人采用坐位、仰卧位两种体位测量血压,舒张压数值有显著性差异。     

3269例老年健康体检血常规检查结果分析

目的分析3269例老年健康体检血常规检查结果。方法选取3269例老年健康体检者的血液样本进行检查,女性组1675例,男性组1594例,然后对他们的血液检测结果进行对比分析。结果老年健康体检血常规检测结果表明,两组体检者检查的4个参数呈减低分布,其中女性组所检查出的白细胞（WBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）红细胞减少率显著高于男性组（P〈0．05）,而两组血小板减少率无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论老年健康体检,血常规检查是必不可少的项目,血常规检查是检查出贫血、血细胞减少,红细胞和血血红蛋白增多的简便、有效而又快速的方式,它为提前预防和临床治疗提供了早期的资料,安全可靠,值得临床继续研究探讨。     

Cyclosporine absorption following orthotopic liver transplantation

Blood concentrations of cyclosporine were determined in adult and pediatric patients following orthotopic liver transplantation to quantitate cyclosporine blood clearance and oral absorption. Seventeen bioavailability studies were performed following transplantation surgery in nine children and seven adults. The intravenous cyclosporine study was performed following an average dose of 2.1 mg/kg. The patients were again studied when they received the same intravenous dose plus an oral dose of cyclosporine of 8.6 mg/kg or an oral dose alone. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for cyclosporine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Cyclosporine blood clearance ranged from 29 to 203 mL/min (1.9-21.5 mL/min/kg) in children and from 253 to 680 mL/min (3.2-7.6 mL/min/kg) in adults. The mean cyclosporine clearance value was 9.3 mL/min/kg in the pediatric patients and 5.5 mL/min/kg in the adults. Cyclosporine bioavailability was less than 5% in six studies on five pediatric patients in the immediate postoperative period. The bioavailability varied from 8% to 60% in adult liver transplant patients (mean, 27%). We conclude that: cyclosporine clearance is highly variable between patients, pediatric patients clear the drug more rapidly than adults and therefore need a higher cyclosporine dose on a body weight basis, cyclosporine is poorly and variably absorbed in liver transplant patients, and cyclosporine blood concentration monitoring is essential following orthotopic liver transplantation.