声门型喉癌喉部分切除术98例疗效分析

目的 探讨声门型喉癌不同类型喉部分切除术的治疗效果,方法 回顾性分析98例声门型喉癌喉部分切除术的临床资料,总结不同类型喉部分切除术后喉功能恢复情况。结果 98例患者的总拔管率为94．9％,全部患者均获得不同程度的发音功能,发音中等及良好者83例,占84．7％。出现误咽15例,经吞咽训练均恢复正常进食,4例术后1～2年颈部淋巴结转移．2例会厌喉成形术者喉腔局部复发。术后3年和5年生存率分别为86．5％、81．7％。结论 声门型喉癌喉部分切除术在彻底切除肿瘤的同时尽可能地保全了患者的喉功能,提高了患者的生存质量,3年和5年生存率不低于喉全切除术。     

环状软骨上喉部分切除术治疗中晚期喉癌的效果

目的：探讨环状软骨上喉部分切除术治疗中晚期喉癌的临床效果。方法：18例声门型癌和5例声门上型癌,包括：T1bN0M03例,T2N0M06例,T3N0M012例,T4N0M02例,分别行环状软骨上喉部分切除术加环舌固定术或环舌会厌固定术进行治疗。结果：3年生存率92.9%（13/14）。术后第10～18天（平均16天）拔气管套管,拔管率100%。术后拔除鼻饲管时间为第7～35天（平均14天）。23例患者均能进行日常言语交流。结论：环状软骨上喉部分切除术加环会厌固定术或环舌会厌固定术可以治疗T1b～T4声门型和声门上型喉癌。该技术在根治肿瘤的同时能使患者保留呼吸、吞咽和部分发音功能,值得推广。     

环状软骨上喉部分切除术治疗中晚期喉癌的效果

目的:探讨环状软骨上喉部分切除术治疗中晚期喉癌的临床效果。方法:18例声门型癌和5例声门上型癌,包括:T1bN0M03例,T2N0M06例,T3N0M012例,T4N0M02例,分别行环状软骨上喉部分切除术加环舌固定术或环舌会厌固定术进行治疗。结果:3年生存率92.9%(13/14)。术后第10～18天(平均16天)拔气管套管,拔管率100%。术后拔除鼻饲管时间为第7～35天(平均14天)。23例患者均能进行日常言语交流。结论:环状软骨上喉部分切除术加环会厌固定术或环舌会厌固定术可以治疗T1b～T4声门型和声门上型喉癌。该技术在根治肿瘤的同时能使患者保留呼吸、吞咽和部分发音功能,值得推广。     

声门上水平部分喉切除术30例报告

目的　评价喉声门上水平部分切除术在声门上喉癌的应用价值。方法　采用声门上水平部分喉切除术治疗声门上癌 30例 ,在行声门上水平部分切除术同时有 3例舌根部分切除 ,1例一侧犁状窝内侧壁切除 ,舌骨及会厌前间隙均切除 ,用甲状软骨膜与喉室底壁黏膜缝合封闭甲状软骨创面 ,在黏膜下将残喉与舌根紧贴缝合。结果　3、5年生存率分别为 89.5 %和 77.8% ,局部复发率为 3.3% ,颈部淋巴结复发率为 6 .7%。喉功能恢复 (发音功能 )均良好。拔管率为 96 .7% ,吞咽功能术后 2 0～ 6 0天均恢复正常饮食。并发症 :咽瘘 1例 ,伤口感染 1例 ,吸入性肺炎2例 ,发生率 14 .3%。结论　该术式在声门上喉癌 T1 、T2 及累及会厌前间隙及舌根的 T3病变治疗中能彻底切除肿瘤 ,又能保留喉的生理功能 ,是理想的喉切除术     

低温等离子消融术对早期声门型喉癌的疗效分析

目的分析低温等离子消融手术治疗早期声门型喉癌的近期疗效。方法选择73例早期声门型喉癌患者,其中34例行低温等离子消融手术,39例行喉部分切除术。结果 34例行低温等离子术患者术后24个月出现复发1例,为T2期;39例行部分喉切除术患者复发5例,其中T1b和Tis期各1例,其余3例为T1a期,两组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。低温等离子消融术组未出现切口感染、咽瘘、吞咽和呼吸功能障碍等并发症,喉部分切除术的患者中,有4例切口感染,3例咽瘘及3例吞咽和呼吸功能障碍,低温等离子消融手术组与喉部分切除组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。低温等离子消融组与喉部分切除术组相比,3年生存率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论低温等离子消融术可显著减少早期声门型喉癌患者术后并发症的发生,减轻患者痛苦,提高患者生存质量,较传统喉部分切除术有优越性。     

161例声门上喉癌保留喉功能手术的研究

目的探讨声门上型喉癌保留喉功能手术治疗方法及临床疗效.方法对手术治疗161例声门上型喉癌患者进行临床分析.临床分期按1997年UICC分期标准,其中,Ⅰ期8例,Ⅱ期31例,Ⅲ期77例,Ⅳ期45例.保留喉功能手术方法包括:喉声门上部分切除术;喉声门上水平垂直部分切除术;喉垂直部分切除术;喉环状软骨上部分切除-环舌骨吻合术;person's(黏膜发音管成形)术.修复组织:胸骨舌骨肌瓣;肩胛舌骨肌瓣;颈阔肌肌皮瓣;颈阔肌肌筋膜瓣;双蒂接力肌甲状软骨膜瓣;甲状软骨膜瓣;会厌下移.Kaplan-Meier计算生存率及肿瘤复发趋势.结果全组患者3、5年生存率分别为80.98%和69.11%,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期喉部分切除术患者的3、5年生存率分别为76.63%和64.05%,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期全喉切除术患者的3、5年生存率分别为71.59%和60.58%.Ⅲ、Ⅳ期喉部分切除术与全喉切除术患者的生存率差异无显著性(P=0.5552).喉部分切除术3、5年肿瘤复发率为11.83%和14.08%,全喉切除术肿瘤复发率为12.17%和16.58%,喉部分切除术与全喉切除术患者的肿瘤复发率相比较差异无显著性(P=0.4517).喉部分切除术拔管率为79.07%(101/129).全组喉部分切除术占80.12%(129/161);Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者中,喉部分切除术占72.95%(89/122).结论声门上喉癌,经认真选择和修复,即使是晚期声门上喉癌,保留其喉功能的手术是可行的,而且生存质量也能明显提高.     

T3期声门型喉癌的外科治疗选择

目的 探讨T3期声门型喉癌合适的外科治疗方式.方法 回顾性分析57例T3期声门型喉癌患者的临床病理特征、手术方式和预后,分析不同手术方式和不同年龄组患者的3年无瘤生存率.结果 57例T3期声门型喉癌患者全部行喉部手术治疗,失访7例,总的3年无瘤生存率为63.2％(36/57).采用喉全切除术24例,喉近全切除术8例,喉部分切除术25例,3年无瘤生存率分别为66.7％ (16/24)、50.0％ (4/8)和64.0％ (16/25),差异无统计学意义(P =0.694).≥70岁者和＜70岁者的3年无瘤生存率分别为70.0％ (7/10)和61.7％( 29/47),差异亦无统计学意义(P=0.621).36例患者行颈淋巴结清扫术,其中全颈淋巴结清扫2例,改良颈淋巴结清扫6例,分区性颈淋巴结清扫28例,颈部淋巴结转移率为17.5％(10/57).局部复发10例,其中喉部分切除术后7例,喉近全切除术后2例,喉全切除术后1例.结论 喉全切除术与不同的喉部分切除术均是T3期声门型喉癌的重要手术方式,应根据患者局部病变与全身状况的具体情况综合考虑,选择合适的个体化手术方式.≥70岁的T3期声门型喉癌患者,应慎行喉部分切除术,喉全切除术也可以取得满意疗效.     

累及前联合或双侧声带的声门型喉癌患者的手术方法探讨

目的比较改良喉垂直前位部分切除术和改良环状软骨会厌舌骨吻合术对累及前联合或双侧声带的声门型喉癌的临床疗效。方法将48例累及前联合或双侧声带的声门型喉癌患者随机分为FPL组和CHEP组,每组各24例。FPL患者采用改良喉垂直前位部分切除术,CHEP组患者采用改良环状软骨会厌舌骨吻合术。术后对2组患者的手术基本情况、发音功能、误咽发生率以及术后生存质量进行比较分析。结果 2组患者在手术时间、出血量、拔管率、发音功能的恢复以及生存质量上并无明显差异(P>0.05)。而拔管时间FPL组较CHEP组明显缩短,且误咽率FPL组较CHEP组明显减少(P<0.05),差异均具有统计学意义。结论改良喉垂直前位部分切除术治疗累及前联合或双侧声带的声门型喉癌,可有效缩短拔管时间,减少患者的痛苦,积极地控制误吸率,可作为治疗该类患者的首选手术方案。     

喉鳞癌全喉与喉部分切除术的远期疗效分析

目的　回顾分析声门上型及声门型喉鳞癌患者经全喉及喉部分切除治疗后的远期效果 ,提出今后治疗措施。方法　 42 3例喉癌患者中 ,声门上型 32 7例 ,声门型 96例。 2 43例全喉切除患者中 ,声门上型喉癌 2 10例 ,声门型 33例。喉部分切除的 180例中 ,声门上型 117例 ,声门型 6 3例。依照直接法计算出声门上型和声门型喉癌的全喉切除与喉部分切除的 1,3,5年生存率 ,以及各期病例的 3,5年生存率。结果　 32 7例声门上型喉癌术后 5年生存率为 72 9% ,全喉与喉部分切除的 5年生存率分别为 70 1%和 77 4% (P >0 0 5 )。 96例声门型喉癌术后 5年生存率为 86 0 % ,其中全喉与喉部分切除后的 5年生存率分别为 72 2 %和 92 3% (P <0 0 5 )。结论　喉癌治疗仍以手术为主 ,声门上型喉癌的喉部分切除与全喉切除远期疗效大致相等 ,而声门型喉癌的喉部分切除远期疗效明显高于全喉切除。在适应证选择合适的基础上 ,应大力倡导开展有利于患者生存质量的喉部分切除手术。     

134例喉癌喉水平垂直部分切除术的中远期疗效分析

目的:探讨喉水平垂直部分切除术在喉癌治疗中的疗效。方法:总结1995年-2009年于我院行喉水平垂直部分切除术的134例喉癌患者的临床治疗及生存情况,其中声门上型喉癌129例（96.3%）,声门型喉癌2例（1.5%）,跨声门型喉癌3例（2.2%）。T2 78例,T3 49,T4 7例。9例未行颈清扫术,102例行单侧颈淋巴结清扫术,23例行双侧颈淋巴结清扫术。结果:累积法统计其3年和5年的生存率分别为82.1%和70.1%,淋巴结转移组的患者3、5年生存率为50.0%和36.7%,无淋巴结转移组的患者3、5年生存率为91.3%和79.8%。按患者就诊年份1995年-2009年每5年分为三组,不同年份就诊的患者的生存率有差异,生存率有提高,1995年-1999年手术患者3、5年生存率为73.8%和62.3%,2000年-2004年手术患者3、5年生存率为87.1%和75.8%,2005年-2009年手术患者3、5年生存率为100.0%和81.8%。结论:在严格掌握手术适应证的基础上,喉水平垂直部分切除术主要适用于声门上型喉癌,喉3/4切除后一期利用附近组织进行修复,可保留喉的部分或全部生理功能,对提高喉癌患者术后生存质量有一定的意义,并能够保留喉的部分或全部功能,能够提高喉癌患者的生活质量。     

Three weeks radiotherapy for T1 glottic cancer: the Christie and Royal Marsden Hospital Experience.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiotherapy for laryngeal carcinoma is conventionally given over a 6-7-week period. However, in a number of UK centres early lesions are treated over 3 weeks. We review recent results of this policy and discuss the reasons why short treatment times may be advantageous. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients (100 from each centre) with T1 glottic invasive squamous cell carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy between 1989 and 1997 were analysed. The median age was 68 years. All patients received once daily fractionation, 5 days a week to a total tumour dose of 50.0-52.5 Gy in 16 fractions over 21 days; the fraction size ranged from 3.12 to 3.28 Gy. The median follow-up period was 5 years and 10 months. RESULTS: The 5-year local control rates with radiotherapy for the whole group was 93%; there were 14 recurrences of which seven were salvaged by laryngectomy giving an ultimate local control of 96%. The 5-year overall survival was 80% and cause specific survival at 5 years was 97%. Univariate analysis revealed that T1 substaging (P=0.82) and anterior commissure involvement (P=0.47) did not significantly influence local control. A severe late radiation complication was seen in only one patient who continued to smoke heavily after treatment. There were no severe acute complications. CONCLUSIONS: Once daily radiotherapy over 3 weeks gives excellent local control in patients with T1 glottic squamous-cell carcinoma and has a low rate of severe complications. The short overall treatment time and large fraction size may be advantageous in radiotherapy of these well-differentiated tumours.     

Radiotherapy for patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma: univariate and multivariate analyses in a group of consecutive,unselected patients

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy (RT) has a remarkable success rate in the treatment of patients with glottic carcinoma. The objectives of the current study were to assess the results in a group of consecutive patients with comparable characteristics who were treated with RT (6-megavolt photon linear accelerator) and to determine the prognostic factors that may influence local control in patients with early-stage glottic carcinoma. The impact on local control of tobacco smoking and second primary malignancies also was investigated. METHODS: Four hundred ten patients with T1-T2 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis who were treated between 1986 and 2001 were analyzed retrospectively with regard to local control and overall survival. Potential prognostic factors for local control were evaluated with univariate and multivariate models. The impact of technologic advances also was evaluated. RESULTS: The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates were 83% and 63.5%, respectively. The overall 10-year local control rate for patients with T1-T2 glottic carcinoma was 89%. The median time to recurrence was 7 months. Univariate analysis showed that tumor category, tumor size, macroscopic appearance of the lesion, RT fraction size, persistent edema, year of RT treatment, unchanged dysphonia, and surgical option all had a significant influence on local control; whereas multivariate analysis showed that only persistent dysphonia and year of RT treatment were significantly associated with increased local control. A 22.2% rate of second primary malignancies was reported: second primary tumors were the major cause of death in the patients studied. Only 2 patients died of laryngeal carcinoma; 304 patients were alive with their disease in complete remission, 1 patient was alive with recurrent laryngeal carcinoma after undergoing salvage surgery, and 103 patients died of either intercurrent disease or a second primary tumor. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a 6-megavolt photon linear accelerator achieved a high rate of local control in patients with T1-T2 glottic carcinoma. Dysphonia and the year of RT treatment were the most important prognostically significant factors for patient outcome. The occurrence of a second primary tumor was the most frequent cause of death, especially among patients who did not stop smoking after a diagnosis of glottic carcinoma.     

早期声门区喉癌术后原发部位复发及相关因素分析

目的探讨早期声门区喉癌手术后复发对生存的影响及其相关因素分析。方法回顾152例早期声门区喉癌临床资料,分析其生存率、复发率和复发因素。结果5年总体生存率81%。原发部位复发率11.2%,复发和无复发患者5年生存率36%和86%(P<0.01)。单因素和多因素分析显示声带活动度是喉癌原发部位复发的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论早期声门区喉癌术后复发明显降低患者生存率,声带活动度是早期声门区喉癌原发部位复发的独立预测因素。     

Management of early glottic cancer

A detailed retrospective analysis of 136 patients with early glottic cancer treated at the University of Louisville, Radiation Center from October, 1953 to December, 1975 was done. Majority of the patients were in the age range of 55 to 74 years. Of them, 89% were male and 85% were Caucasian. The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma. The adjusted 5-year survival rate was 84%, with a standard error of 3%. Of these patients, 18% had local failures, and 68% of which were salvaged by surgery. The overall local control rate was 93%. The median time to recurrence was 23 months. There was no case of laryngeal necrosis, and a good function of larynx was achieved in a majority of the patients. Eighteen second cancers were diagnosed in 17 patients during the follow-up. A brief review of the literature is also done in the paper.     

Prognostic factors in early glottic carcinoma implications for treatment

AIM: In this study we aimed to determine the prognostic factors affecting local control (LC) in limited glottic carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between June 1991 and December 2001, 114 patients with early squamous-cell carcinoma of the glottis were treated with definitive RT at our institution. Only four (3.5%) patients were women. The median age was 60 (27-79). Fifteen percent, 72% and 13% of the patients had Tis, T1 and T2 tumors, respectively. Forty-three (37.7%) patients had anterior commissure invasion. Prior to RT 35 (31%) patients had undergone vocal cord stripping and two (2%) cordectomy. A median dose of 66 Gy (50-70.2) was given over a median period of 46 days (20-60). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for LC. The prognostic parameters analyzed for LC were T classification, anterior commissure involvement, total RT dose, and overall treatment time. RESULTS: Five-year local and regional control rates were 84.2% and 97.7%. RTOG grade 3-4 late side effects were observed only in one (0.9%) patient. In 15 patients with local failure, salvage treatment consisted of partial laryngectomy in eight patients and total laryngectomy in five. One of the remaining two patients was medically inoperable, and the other refused salvage surgery. In one of the three patients with regional failure, salvage surgery was applied and the other two were given palliative chemotherapy because of unresectable disease. Following salvage treatments, the ultimate five-year LC rate was 96.9% and the five-year larynx preservation rate was 91.1%. Second primary cancer was diagnosed in 17 (14.9%) patients. Only one patient developed distant metastases and two patients died of laryngeal cancer. While T2 disease and anterior commissure involvement were found to be unfavorable prognostic factors significantly influencing LC in univariate analyses, only T2 disease remained independent in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: In patients with early glottic carcinoma, T classification proved to be the only independent prognostic factor affecting LC after primary radiotherapy according to the results of this study.     

Concurrent chemoradiation therapy with low-dose CDDP and UFT for glottic carcinomas: evaluation using the sixth edition of the UICC TNM staging system

We evaluated whether low-dose chemotherapy could improve effects of radiation therapy for glottic carcinoma with different prognostic factor based on the UICC 6th edition. Fifty-one patients with T2N0 glottic carcinoma classified by the UICC 5th edition underwent chemoradiation therapy with low-dose CDDP (4 mg/m(2)) and oral UFT (450 mg of tegafur) continuing for four weeks (CRT group). The historical control consisted of 49 patients treated with radiation therapy alone (RT group). Forty-six tumors with the adjacent sign, i.e. tumors located adjacent to the thyroid cartilage on radiological examinations, were classified as T3 according to the 6(th) edition. The 5-year local control and laryngeal preservation rates of the T2 (n=54) vs. T3 (n=46) lesions were 87% vs. 50% (p<0.0001) and 94% vs. 61% (p<0.0001), respectively. Among the T3 lesions, CRT (n=24) yielded significantly higher laryngeal preservation rates than did RT alone (n=22) (83% vs. 40%, p=0.0063), and the local control rates were higher in the CRT- than the RT group (62% vs. 36%, p=0.0882). While such benefits of CRT were not observed in patients with T2 lesions.     

T3声门型喉鳞状细胞癌手术治疗效果及影响因素分析北大核心

目的:探讨T_(3)声门型喉癌患者行全喉切除术或部分喉切除术的临床效果及影响因素。方法:回顾性分析手术治疗的84例T_(3)声门型喉鳞状细胞癌患者的临床资料,包括性别、年龄、病理学分级、N分期、手术方式、手术切缘、术后放疗、术后咽喉部复发、术后颈部淋巴结复发,评估与喉癌预后的相关性;生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法计算,单因素分析采用Log-rank检验或者χ^(2)检验,多因素分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型。结果:T_(3)声门型喉癌患者5年总体生存率为75.0%,10年总体生存率为64.7%;部分喉切除术患者5年生存率79.6%,全喉切除术患者5年生存率68.6%;单因素分析显示年龄、病理学分级、手术切缘、N分期、术后咽喉部复发、术后颈部淋巴结复发与T_(3)声门型喉癌的预后相关(P<0.05);多因素分析显示年龄、N分期、手术切缘、肿瘤复发是影响T_(3)声门型喉癌患者生存的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:对于选择的T_(3)声门型喉癌患者,部分喉切除术在保留喉功能的同时可获得较好的肿瘤学效果;精确评估肿瘤范围,保证安全切缘,合理的颈清扫术及术后及时放疗可以提高患者的生存率。     

Radiation therapy in early carcinoma of the glottic larynx T1NOMO

: The Purpose of this report is to present the local control rate and survival of patients treated by radiation therapy for T1N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic larynx.

: A total of 41 patients squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis were treated at the Veterans Administration Medical Center Minneapolis, MN, between 1976 and 1990. Of the 41 patients, 40 are available for retrospective analysis with a minimum of a 2-year follow-up and a median follow-up of 5.8 years. Treatment was given to all the patients by a 4 MeV linear accelerator. The vast majority of the patients were treated with bilateral laryngeal opposed wedged 6 × 6 cm fields with a dose of 1.75 Gy per fraction to a total of 70 Gy in 40 fractions over 56 elapsed treatment days.

: The data indicated local control and survival of 92.3% at 2 years and 91.8% at 3 years, post irradiation, with ultimate disease-free survival after surgical salvage of 97.4% and 97.2% at 2 years and 3 years, respectively. These local control and survival rates are comparable to those published in the literature when a higher fractional dose was given. No patients developed notable complications with out technique.

: A dose of 1.75 Gy to 1.8 Gy per fraction to a total of 70 Gy in 56 elapsed treatment days is well tolerated and yields ultimate disease free-survival of 97.2% at 3 years. This time-dose fractionation could be used safely for treating patients who demonstrate low tolerance to irradiation with a risk of laryngitis, laryngeal edema, or difficulty of swallowing, with a higher fractional dose.     

Role of brachytherapy in treatment of epidermoid carcinomas of the vallecula after conservative supraglottic laryngectomy followed by irradiation

PURPOSE: To evaluate survival and functional results of the treatment of carcinomas of the vallecula using surgery, irradiation, and interstitial brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1990 and 1998, 36 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vallecula were treated with horizontal supraglottic functional laryngectomy, external beam radiotherapy (median dose 54 Gy), and additional interstitial brachytherapy (median dose 16 Gy). Results were compared with a previous series of 22 patients treated without brachytherapy. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 44 months. The 5-year actuarial overall survival rate was 61.3%. The 5-year specific survival rate was 86%, with 2 local failures (local control rate 94.4%) and 4 isolated distant metastases. Ten patients developed a second primary. The overall survival was 34% for 22 patients previously treated without brachytherapy. Severe toxicities occurred in 9 patients: death (related to larynx edema or inhalation, n = 1), soft tissue necrosis (n = 1), aspiration pneumonia (n = 1), mandibular necrosis (n = 2), pharyngocutaneous fistula (n = 2), and laryngeal edema (n = 2). All the patients fed orally with no definitive gastrostomy or tracheotomy. CONCLUSION: Additional brachytherapy for vallecula carcinoma seems to improve locoregional control and overall survival dramatically. Functional results were also excellent. To our knowledge, this original therapeutic schedule has never been previously described.     

Primary radiotherapy of T1 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: analysis of 478 patients treated from 1963 to 1985

Radiotherapy was administered to 478 consecutively treated patients with laryngeal T1 squamous cell carcinoma between 1963-1985. One hundred and seventeen had a supraglottic, 358 a glottic, and 3 a subglottic tumor. Supraglottis: 71% males; 49% T1a; 14 patients with nodes. Glottis: 90% males; 82% T1a; 1 patient with node. The 10-year value for local control in the supraglottic group was 55% and in the glottic group 81%. No difference was observed between T1a and T1b. Regional nodes and distant metastases were seldom seen in the glottic, but frequently observed in the supraglottic group. The treatment results appeared to be most favorable in women. The 10-year corrected survival for supraglottic and glottic tumors demonstrated a highly significant difference, 67% compared to 94%. There was a significantly increasing incidence of events with lower tumor differentiation. Split-course and conventional radiotherapy gave equal treatment results, but late complications were significantly more common with the former. A major problem was new primary cancers, which within 20 years occurred in 34% of patients surviving a supraglottic tumor and in 23% of the glottic patients. The predominant new site was the lung (23% and 13%, respectively). Thus, in the glottic group more patients died from the new cancer than from the glottic carcinoma.