腰椎管狭窄症的分类与病理及手术方法的选择

作者手术治疗腰椎管狭窄症１６８例，其中发育腰椎管狭窄症１３例，继发性腰椎管狭窄症１５５例，术后随访３个月－５年１０个月，平均２年７个月。作者认为治疗腰椎管狭窄症，最重要的是合成把握临床表明、Ｘ线平片，尤其是脊髓造影及ＣＴＭ所显示的病理改变特点，并据此决定手术方式和手术范围是取得优良疗效的保证。     

手术治疗老年人腰椎管狭窄症

手术治疗老年人腰椎管狭窄症翁龙江１汤逊１周中英１刘力１杨志明１黄云江１腰椎管狭窄症是老年人常见骨病之一，多数经保守治疗后好转，手术治疗仅为极少数。我院１９８９年至１９９６年手术治疗老年人腰椎管狭窄症５０例，疗效满意。１临床资料１．１一般资料５０例中男...     

老年退行性腰椎管狭窄症的外科治疗

退行性腰椎管狭窄症属于后天获得性腰椎管狭窄的一种类型 ,也是腰椎管狭窄最常见的原因。而随着现在人均寿命的延长及生活质量要求的提高 ,老年退行性腰椎管狭窄症的病人越来越多。我国目前对老年退行性腰椎管狭窄的手术治疗也逐渐趋向于以小开窗来达到减压的目的 ,以免术后出现不稳情况 ,但对于已经伴有退变性不稳的也开始进行融合手术 ,对伴有退变性脊柱畸形 (如侧凸 )的矫形则争论较多。1　老年性腰椎管狭窄症的外科治疗上世纪九十年代初以前退行性腰椎管狭窄的手术治疗一直采用全椎板或半椎板切除减压 ,长期随访观察 ,一些术后并发症如…     

腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗（附49例报告）

腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗（附４９例报告）王清顺，沈恒志，高录明，海本亮腰椎管狭窄症是引起腰腿痛的常见病之一，老年多见。我院自１９８６年１月～１９９４年１２月共进行椎管内神经受压的椎管内手术２０５例。术中证实为腰椎管狭窄引起的有４９例占２３％。经术后随访...     

腰椎管狭窄症手术治疗的体会

腰椎管狭窄症手术治疗的体会胡晓京，王全美腰椎管狭窄症手术的效果，主要取决于患者自身因素及手术因素。前者指受累的神经减压后自身恢复能力，后者指手术减压的彻底性，腰椎的稳定性及有无并发症。我们根据多年来手术治疗腰椎管狭窄症所遇到的问题及采取的预防措施，谈...     

复杂性腰椎管狭窄症的临床特点与手术治疗选择

目的：回顾性分析复杂性腰椎管狭窄症患者的临床特点及经后路减压、植骨、椎弓根螺钉系统治疗的效果，探讨复杂性腰椎管狭窄症的治疗方法。方法：采用后路减压、植骨融合椎弓根螺钉系统内固定治疗复杂性腰椎管狭窄症40例。结果：随访2～5年，平均3．7年，采用VAS、JOA评分评估，术后1年和4年时随访的优良率分别为95．4％，90．4％（P〈0．05），腰腿痛明显缓解（P〈0．05）。结论：复杂性腰椎管狭窄症术前症状复杂，手术难度较大、时间较长，出血较多、可能的并发症多，手术风险较大；后路椎管减压、植骨融合、经椎弓根螺钉系统内固定手术是治疗复杂性腰椎管狭窄症的一种好办法。     

多节段对称性开窗减压术治疗中央型腰椎管狭窄

多节段对称性开窗减压术治疗中央型腰椎管狭窄陈建军，李超，刘正品，陈雪亮，王增亚腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗方法很多，常采用的全椎板切除的中线减压法疗效并不一分满意，目前尚无十分理想的治疗方法。我们从１９８８年以来，对３２例中央型腰椎管狭窄症施行多节段对称性...     

后路椎间盘镜治疗腰椎管狭窄症手术体会

目的探讨后路椎间盘镜微创手术治疗腰椎管狭窄症。方法通过后路椎间盘镜治疗36例腰椎管狭窄症的回顾性分析。结果疗效良31例，可5例，差0例。结论后路椎间盘镜可以用于治疗腰椎管狭窄症．具有疗效好、微创、对脊柱稳定性干扰小、术后恢复快等特点。     

老年人退变性腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗

目的：回顾性分析老年人退变性腰椎管狭窄症手术治疗的术后疗效，探讨其手术适应证。方法：随访36例手术治疗60岁以上退变性腰椎管狭窄症病人，男25例，女11例。平均年龄68．9岁。应用日本骨科学会(JOA)下腰痛手术疗效标准(29分法)，对36例病人进行术前术后评分，计算改善率。结果：术后优良率为88．9％。结论：老年人腰椎管狭窄症应积极手术治疗，如果积极处理好并存症，掌握好手术原则，围手术期正确处理，大多数病人术后效果优良。     

腰椎管探查术中并发损伤20例原因分析

腰椎管探查术中并发损伤２０例原因分析朱玉金，王肇祥，钱塘，李幼德，孙宏伟腰椎管探查术是治疗腰椎间盘突出症和腰椎管狭窄症的常用方法。有关手术中出现的各种并发损伤时有报道。复习本院１９８２年以来手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症和腰椎管狭窄症２２４例，术中并发损伤２...     

跳跃性脊柱骨折并脊髓损伤的治疗

目的：探讨跳跃性脊柱骨折的诊断和治疗方法。方法 22例手术治疗12例,保守治疗10例,结果 漏诊率达22．7％,按Frankel功能分级,手术治疗和保守治疗脊髓功能均有恢复但差异不明显。结论 对该类损伤要明确受伤机制,仔细检查,以防漏诊。适当放宽手术指征,警惕其他脏器合并伤。     

胸腰椎结核伴截瘫的前路手术治疗

[目的]探讨胸腰椎脊柱结核伴截瘫的手术治疗方法和疗效。[方法]总结30例胸腰椎结核伴截瘫患者,采用前路病灶清除、椎管减压、椎间植骨并前路固定的手术治疗,术后抗结核治疗18个月。[结果]全部病例随访平均19个月,30例结核全部治愈,其中有2例复发,植骨融合29例,后凸矫正角度12°,神经功能恢复优良率90%。[结论]经前路病灶清除、椎管减压、椎间植骨前路内固定术治疗胸腰椎脊柱结核伴截瘫,能获得较好效果。     

Syringomyelia of the thoracic spinal cord associated with spinal meningiomas

Syringomyelia is known to occur secondary to compression of the spinal cord. We report the case of a female patient who underwent removal of a spinal meningioma. She re-presented 30 years later with multiple meningiomas causing cord compression. After a 4 year interval she was found to have developed a syrinx proximal to the site of compression. Comparison with previous case reports suggest that the causation of syringomyelia is multi-factorial.     

Extensive spinal necrosis with spinal leptomeningeal dissemination of cerebral astrocytoma

Summary A 58-year-old male with malignant astrocytoma in the right parietal lobe developed ascending spinal dysfunction 15 months after subtotal resection of the primary lesion. He was treated by postoperative radiation and combined chemotherapy. Autopsy revealed extensive spinal necrosis affecting the level below the lower cervical region. Microscopic examination demonstrated diffuse leptomeningeal metastasis of glioma cells to the whole spine.There was no previous report in the literature of massive myelomalacia attributable to leptomeningeal dissemination an astrocytic supratentorial tumour. Clinical and neuropathological findings suggested that disturbance of venous drainage of the spinal cord might be responsible for myelomalacia in this case.     

Neuropathology with spinal instrumentation

Neurohistologic examination of the spinal cord and cauda equina were compared for 28 beagles undergoing anterior and posterior spinal destabilization procedures--Group I (n = 7), destabilized operative controls; Group II (n = 7), posterolateral bone grafting; Group III (n = 7), Harrington distraction instrumentation and posterolateral fusion; and Group IV (n = 7), Luque rectangular instrumentation and posterolateral fusion. All dogs had appeared neurologically intact upon repeated examinations prior to death. Neurohistological abnormalities (Wallerian degeneration of the dorsal columns, corticospinal tracts, and nerve roots, focal cystic degeneration, and intraspinal central cavitation) occurred in only 1 of the 14 animals (7%) in Groups I and II (noninstrumented) and in 9 of the 14 animals (64%) in Groups III and IV (instrumented). This result is statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Transient sensory disturbances and radicular paresthesias have been described in clinical reports of spinal instrumentation. It is probable that subclinical neurologic injuries, such as intraspinal and nerve root infarction in posterior neural tissue, can occur with the use of sublaminar hooks or wires. The chondrodystrophic beagle spinal model in this study should be considered a "worst case situation," and the clinical incidence of neurohistologic changes is expected to be lower.     

Accidental spinal potassium chloride injection successfully treated with spinal lavage

We describe the management of a 62‐year‐old man who developed severe pain, cramps, paraplegia and pulmonary oedema after the accidental administration of potassium chloride into the subarachnoid space. In addition to supportive treatment, we performed cerebrospinal fluid lavage with saline 0.9%. The patient recovered well without any permanent injury.