IL-23R基因多态性与吉林人群强直性脊柱炎易感性的关联研究

目的:探讨吉林人群IL-23R基因rs7517847和rs10489629位点的单核苷酸多态性与强直性脊柱炎易感性的关系。方法:采用PCR-RFLP方法对188例强直性脊柱炎患者进行IL-23R基因多态性检测,与100例健康者对照分析。结果:两个SNP位点(rs7517847和rs10489629)各基因型频率和等位基因频率在AS组与对照组之间的分布差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),并在假设遗传方式下,rs7517847位点的纯合突变GG基因型与(TG+TT)基因型比较;rs10489629位点的纯合突变AA基因型与(GA+GG)基因型比较,其频率分布差异在AS组与对照组之间也具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:IL-23R基因rs7517847和rs10489629位点的多态性均与吉林人群AS易感性有关;携带G等位基因(或A等位基因)且为GG(或AA)基因型的个体患AS的倾向性增大,可能是患AS的易感因素之一。     

强直性脊柱炎与IL-23R基因多态性关联的Meta分析

探讨IL-23R基因多态性与中国人群强直性脊柱炎的相关性。系统检索PubMed、FMJS、CNKI及万方数据库有关IL-23R基因多态性与强直性脊柱炎相关的病例对照研究,应用ReveMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。本研究共纳入IL-23R基因多态性与强直性脊柱炎相关文献9篇。Meta分析结果显示:IL-23Rrs1004819(OR=1.02,95%CI:0.90~1.14)、rs11209032(OR=0.91,95%CI:0.74~1.11)、rs1343151(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.59~1.08)和rs10889677(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.83~1.09)与强直性脊柱炎无显著关联,rs10489629(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.64~0.95)是强直性脊柱炎的保护性因素。可见部分IL-23R基因多态性与中国人群AS易感性无关联,需要进一步探索与中国人群AS易感性相关的其他基因位点。     

IRGM基因多态性与社区获得性肺炎易感性研究

目的:分析湖北地区人群免疫相关基因IRGM启动子区多态性与社区获得性肺炎(CAP)易感性的相关性。方法:以100例CAP患者为病例组，依据病情严重程度分为重症肺炎组(SCAP组，n=35)和非重症肺炎组(NSCAP=65), 80例健康者为对照组。采用一代测序技术对所有对象的IRGM基因3个SNP位点(rs4958842、rs4958843、rs4958846)进行检测，并分析IRGM各位点基因型、等位基因和单体型与CAP易感性的相关性。结果:病例组rs4958843位点TT基因型及T等位基因的分布频率高于对照组(P<0.05),且携带rs4958843突变型的患者WBC和CRP较野生型的携带者高(P<0.05);rs4958842和rs4958846位点的基因型和等位基因在病例组与对照组中的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以上3个位点的基因型与等位基因在SCAP组和NSCAP组中的分布均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。对3个位点进行单体型构建，发现GTT单体型与CAP风险增加相关(OR=1.626,P<0.05)。结论:IRGM基因rs4958843...     

白介素-28B基因多态性与HCV感染后转归相关性研究

目的研究白细胞介素28B(IL-28B)基因多态性与HCV感染者转归情况的关系,以期对HCV的治疗和防御提供指导。方法采用基因测序的方法分析230例慢性HCV患者的IL-28B的rs8103142基因多态性,并对患者的HCV-RNA载量进行检测。结果 HCV携带者IL-28B的rs8103142位点的TT基因型和T等位基因的比例高于健康人群(P0.05)。HCV携带者rs8103142位点的CC基因型和C等位基因的比例在低HCV RNA水平患者明显较多(P0.05);rs8103142位点TT基因型和T等位基因的比例在高HCV RNA水平患者明显较多(P0.05)。不同HCV基因型患者的基因型和等位基因分布均有明显差异(P0.05)。接受治疗后为SVR患者的rs8103142位点的CC基因型和C等位基因的比例高于非SVR组患者(P0.05)。维吾尔族患者IL-28B的rs8103142位点的TT基因型和T等位基因的比例高于汉族患者(P0.05)。结论 IL-28B的rs12979860基因多态性与HCV感染者治疗后转归有一定联系,TT基因型可使携带者具有HCV的易感性,CC型基因型可增强携带者对HCV抗性,对临床HCV的预防和治疗有重要意义。     

IL-10、MD-1基因单核苷酸多态性与哮喘易感性的相关性研究

目的:分析IL-10基因 rs1800896、rs3024492位点和髓样分化蛋白1(Myeloid differentiation 1,MD-1)基因rs7740529、rs2233128位点单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与哮喘遗传易感性的相关性以及过敏性鼻炎(Allergic rhinitis,AR)对哮喘遗传易感性的影响.方法:应用Sequenom MassARRAY○ R SNP分型技术对141例哮喘患者和145例正常对照的四个SNP位点(rs1800896、rs3024492、rs7740529、rs2233128)进行基因分型,再将哮喘患者中确定有过敏性鼻炎和无过敏性鼻炎者分别与正常对照组比较.χ2检验统计分析病例组和对照组的基因型频率;采用非条件Logistic回归校正年龄、性别影响,计算比数比(OR)和95%可信区间(CI),以此评价各位点多态性与哮喘遗传易感性的相关性以及过敏性鼻炎对哮喘易感性的影响.结果:(1)IL-10 rs1800896多态性位点GG、GA、AA三种基因型分布频率在哮喘组、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎共患组、哮喘而无鼻炎组的分布频率和对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.001),有无过敏性鼻炎对其影响不明显.相较GG或AA基因型,携带基因型GA的个体,哮喘的患病风险明显降低(OR=0.033,95%CI:0.017～0.065).(2)MD-1 rs7740529位点CC、CT、TT三种基因型分布频率在哮喘患者组、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎共患组、哮喘而无鼻炎组的分布频率和对照组相比,差异也均有统计学意义(P≤0.005),有无过敏性鼻炎对其影响不明显.相比较CC或TT基因型,携带基因型CT的个体,哮喘的患病风险明显降低(OR=0.369,95%CI:0.225～0.606).(3)IL-10 rs3024492位点TA、AA基因型和MD-1 rs2233128位点AG、GG基因型在哮喘人群中的分布频率与对照组相比无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:IL-10 rs1800896与MD-1 rs7740529位点多态性与哮喘的遗传易感性相关,其杂合型的患病风险均明显降低,且有无过敏性鼻炎对其影响不明显.     

STAT4、PSORS1C1基因多态性与兰州汉族RA易感性关系研究

目的研究rs7574865(STAT4)、rs7234029(PTPN2)、rs2233945(PSORS1C1)及rs33980500(TRAF3IP2)多态性与兰州地区汉族人群类风湿性关节炎(RA)易感的相关性。方法针对rs7574865、rs7234029、rs2233945及rs33980500 4个位点设计引物,建立聚合酶链式反应-高分辨率熔解曲线分析(PCR-HRM)基因分型方法,对104例RA患者标本进行研究,并分析4个位点与兰州地区汉族人群RA易感的相关性。结果 rs2233945和rs7574865位点在病例组和对照组的基因型频率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.063,P=1.45×10~(-3);χ~2=31.044,P=1.81×10~(-7))。在显性模型下,rs2233945 T基因(杂合型GT和纯合突变型TT)携带者患RA的风险明显降低(OR=0.481,95%CI:0.222-0.081,P0.05);rs7574865 T基因(杂合型GT和纯合突变型TT)携带者患RA的风险明显增加(OR=4.586,95%CI:2.455-8.566,P0.05)。结论本研究自建的PCR-HRM基因分型方法可对rs7234029、rs7574865、rs2233945和rs33980500位点进行常规化检测。rs7574865和rs2233945多态性与兰州汉族人群RA易感性相关。     

中国山东沿海地区汉族男性人群白介素-23受体基因多态性与痛风的易感性研究

目的探讨中国山东省沿海地区汉族男性群体的白细胞介素23受体（IL-23R）基因rs7517847位点G／T的多态性是否与痛风的易感性有关。方法选取202例痛风患者和346例健康对照者,检测中国汉族男性群体的IL-23受体内含子区rs7517847位点基因多态性分布,数据经,检验得出其与痛风发病的遗传易感性的关系。结果经,检验,痛风组和对照组中IL-23R基因rs7517847位点GG,GT和1Tr基因型频率（10．4％,49．5％,40．1％;16．2％,49．7％,34．1％;X^2=4．305,P〉0．05）与等位基因频率G和T（35．1％,41％;64．9％,59％;X^2=3．727,P〉0．05）均无统计学意义。IL-23R基因rs7517847位点G／T基因多态性与痛风病的危险因素无显著性关联。结论尚不能认为中国沿海地区汉族男性人群中IL-23R内含子区rs7517847位点基因多态性与痛风有关联性。     

白细胞介素1α基因单核苷酸多态性与甲型H1N1流感易感性的关系

目的 探讨白细胞介素1d(IL-1α)基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与甲型H1N1流感易感性的关系.方法 从IL-1α基因启动子区域中选取4个SNP位点rs1800587、rs2856836、rs2856838、rs3783525,针对以上位点建立基于飞行时间质谱分析技术(TOF-MS)鉴定SNP的方法,对167例H1N1流感患者(H1N1组)和192例健康对照人群(对照组)进行检测.确定各SNP位点的等位基因和基因分型;对比两组等位基因和各基因型的频率.结果 rs1800587、rs2856836、rs2856838位点具有T和C两种等位基因,包括TT、TC、CC 3种基因型.rs3783525具有A和T两种等位基因,包括AA、AT和TT3种基因型.H1N1组和对照组rs 1800587位点的等位基因频率差异有统计学意义(x2=12.69,P=0.000,OR=2.424,95％CI=1.472 ～ 3.993),rs2856836,rs2856838,rs3783525等位基因频率在H1N1组和对照组中差异则无统计学意义.H1N1组rs1800587位点CC纯合子频率低于对照组[72.5％(121/167)比87.0％(167/192),P＜0.05],杂合子(TC)频率高于对照组[25.1％(42/167)比12.5％(24/192),P＜0.05],而两组TT纯合子频率差异则不具有统计学意义.H1N1组rs2856836位点杂合子(TC)频率高于对照组[25.7％(43/167)比17.2％(33/192),P＜0.05],TT基因型与CC基因型频率在两组间差异均没有统计学意义.rs2856838位点对照组TT纯合子频率低于H1N1组[4.2％(8/192)比10.8％(18/167),P＜0.05],其余2种基因型TC与CC在两组间差异没有统计学意义.H1N1组rs3783525位点TTT纯合子频率高于对照组[21.0％ (35/167)比13.0％(25/192),P＜0.05],两组间的另两种基因型TC与CC差异也没有统计学意义.结论 IL-1α基因多态性位点rs1800587、rs2856836、rs2856838、rs3783525与甲型H1N1流感易感性相关.     

白介素-32 基因多态性及血清水平与多发性硬化遗传易感性的关联性

目的:探讨IL-32 基因rs28372698A/ T、rs12934561C/ T 及rs11861531C/ T 三个位点的多态性与多发性硬化(MS)的遗传易感的关系,为MS 高危人群的确立提供理论依据。方法:入选580 例MS 患者和650 例健康对照,应用单碱基延伸法和DNA 测序对IL-32 基因位点进行基因分型,同时,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测两组IL-32 的血清浓度。结果:IL-32 基因rs28372698A/ T 位点的基因型频率和对照组比较存在显著差异(P =0.007),其等位基因频率在两组间的分布频率存在统计差异(P =0.033)。rs12934561C/ T 与rs11861531C/ T 的各基因型及等位基因频率在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。T-T-T单倍型在HCC 中的分布频率显著高于对照组(P = 0.012),T-T-T 单倍型与MS 的发病风险密切相关(OR = 1.968,95% CI:1.352-2.574)。MS 患者组的血清IL-32 水平明显高于对照组[(399.08±156.85)pg/ ml vs(239.99±88.35)pg/ ml,P =0.001]。AT 和TT 基因型的MS 患者IL-32 血清水平明显高于AA 基因型MS 患者[(465.53 ±172.40) pg/ mL vs (295.86 ±103.96)pg/ ml,P<0.01;(491.15±133.65)pg/ ml vs (295.86±103.96)pg/ ml,P<0.01]。结论:本研究首次报道了IL-32 基因rs28372698 位点多态性与MS 的关系,且IL-32 的基因多态性在MS 患者中对IL-32 的血清水平有影响。我们的研究为MS 遗传和个体化的诊疗提供了新的参考依据。     

PD-1基因多态性与肺结核易感性的关系

目的探讨PD-1基因多态性与肺结核发病风险以及临床特征的相关性。方法采用PCRRFLP分析方法,检测262例肺结核患者和255例健康志愿者基因组DNA中PD-1基因SNP位点rs2227981和rs2227982基因型和等位基因频率的分布情况,分析PD-1基因多态性与肺结核易感性的关系;并收集了肺结核患者的临床资料,考察PD-1基因多态性与肺结核临床特征的相关性。结果对照组rs2227981和rs2227982基因型和等位基因频率的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律;rs2227981位点T等位基因(OR=2.721,95%CI:2.003~3.697,0.001)、rs2227982位点C等位基因(OR=1.614,95%CI:1.262~2.064,0.001)均与肺结核易感性相关;与rs2227981 CC基因型相比,携带PD-1 rs2227981 CT或TT基因型者具有更高的肺结核发病风险(OR=2.937,95%CI:2.018~4.274,0.001),且患者病灶范围较大(=0.009),痰菌阳性率较高(0.001);与rs2227982 TT基因型相比,携带rs2227982 TC或CC基因型者具有更高的肺结核发病风险(OR=1.706,95%CI:1.187~2.452,=0.004),且患者结核空洞的发生率较高(=0.021)。结论 PD-1基因rs2227981和rs2227982位点SNP多态性与肺结核易感性及临床特征相关。     

Interleukin-23 receptor gene polymorphisms is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy in Chinese Han population

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by ventricular chamber enlargement and systolic dysfunction with normal left ventricular wall thickness. The pathogenesis of DCM has been extensively investigated for many years, but it remains uncertain. Recently, many studies indicated that autoimmune mechanisms are likely to participate in the pathogenesis of DCM. Interleukin-23 receptor ( IL-23R ) gene polymorphisms have been previously found to be associated with autoimmune diseases. To assess the role of IL-23R in DCM, we examined three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-23R gene, namely, rs1884444, rs11465817 and rs10889677. A total of 176 DCM patients and 216 controls were included in the study, and all SNPs were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results showed that SNP rs10889677, but not rs1884444 and rs11465817, had association with DCM in Chinese Han population. The results suggest that IL-23R polymorphisms appear to play an important role in the susceptibility of DCM in Chinese Han population.     

Difference of interleukin-23 receptor gene haplotype variants in ulcerative colitis compared to Crohn’s disease and psoriasis

Objective

Polymorphisms of the interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R) gene have been found to play a role in the development of several autoimmune diseases. Our aim was to examine the possible effect of not only simple individual variants, but of haplotypes composed of them.

Subjects

We analysed 263 patients with psoriasis, 199 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), 282 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 253 controls for rs1884444, rs11805303, rs7517847, rs2201841, rs10889677 and rs11209032 variants.

Methods

The genotypes were determined by using PCR/RFLP assay. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the genotype distribution of the polymorphisms and haplotypes between the examined autoimmune diseases and healthy controls.

Results

Rs1884444 was found to confer risk for UC and psoriasis, rs10889677 for CD and psoriasis, while rs2201841 and rs7517847 had effect only in CD. Using these SNPs we could study the susceptibility haplotype profiles in these diseases with special attention to UC. Eight different haplotypes could be differentiated. We found that the SNPs exert their susceptibility character in specific haplotype blocks, and the frequency of one haplotype differed significantly in UC compared with both other diseases and also with healthy controls. This haplotype conferred risk for UC, even while it had a somewhat lower frequency in the other diseases than in controls.

Conclusions

The data presented here serve as evidence for the need of haplotype analysis instead of just single standing SNP analysis when susceptibility is interpreted.     

Investigation of association of the IL-12B and IL-23R genetic variations with psoriatic risk in a South Indian Tamil cohort

BackgroundPsoriasis is a T-cell mediated chronic systemic inflammatory skin disease. Emerging evidences suggest the interleukin (IL)-12B and IL-23R genes encoding the common p40 subunit of IL-12 and IL-23 are the key cytokines in T-helper (Th)1 and Th17 differentiation and function. Certain allelic variants of these genes significantly influence the risk of psoriasis. Hence we undertook to study the association of IL-12B and IL-23R gene polymorphisms with disease susceptibility in South Indian Tamil patients with psoriasis.Methods360 psoriatics and 360 healthy controls were included in this case control study. IL-12B gene (rs3212227) and IL-23R gene (rs2201841, rs10889677 and rs11805303) polymorphisms were typed by using TaqMan 5′allele discrimination assay and cytokine levels were assayed by ELISA.ResultsWe observed that the patients carrying the risk genotypes of IL-12B (rs3212227) and IL-23R (rs2201841) conferred an increased susceptibility to psoriasis. We did not find any significant association between IL-23R (rs10889677 and rs11805303) gene polymorphisms and psoriasis risk in South Indian Tamil population. We did not observe any significant difference in haplotypes between the psoriasis cases and controls. We observed a significant increase in the mean IL-23 levels in psoriatics and the higher levels of IL-23 were found in the minor variant genotype CC when compared with that of heterozygous CT and major variant TT genotypes of rs2201841. Individual genotypes of rs10889677 and rs11805303 and IL-12 (rs3212227) were not significantly associated with their plasma levels.ConclusionOur results suggest that IL-12B (rs3212227) and IL-23R (rs2201841) polymorphisms confer increased risk of psoriasis in our ethnic South Indian Tamils.     

PIK3CA polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma

Purpose: Our study was carried out to explore the relationship of PIK3CA rs17849071 and rs17849079 polymorphisms with the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Chinese Han population. Methods: 150 HCC patients and 152 healthy individuals were recruited in the case and control groups respectively. The genotypes of PIK3CA rs17849071 and rs17849079 polymorphisms were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The linkage disequilibrium and haplotypes were analyzed with Haploview software. Differences in frequencies of genotypes, alleles, and haplotypes between the case and control groups were checked with χ² test. The controls were matched with the cases in age and gender. The relative risk of HCC was represented by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Significant difference in frequencies of GG genotype and G allele in PIK3CA rs17849071 polymorphism existed between the two groups (P=0.040; P=0.028), indicating that rs17849071 was closely related to the increased risk of HCC (OR=2.919, 95% CI=1.007-8.460; OR=1.642, 95% CI=1.051-2.564). Furthermore, TT genotype also significantly increased the susceptibility to HCC (OR=3.438, 95% CI=1.050-11.250) and so was T allele (OR=1.521, 95% CI=1.052-2.199). The haplotype analysisshowed that G-T haplotypes were higher in cases than that of controls (P=0.030), which suggested that G-T might be a susceptible haplotype to HCC. Conclusions: The PIK3CA rs17849071 and rs17849079 polymorphisms may increase the risk of HCC either independently or synergistically.     

Association analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">IL-12B</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">IL-23R</Emphasis> polymorphisms in myocardial infarction

The notion that coronary atherosclerosis and its most severe phenotype, myocardial infarction (MI), are chronic inflammatory diseases is supported by several lines of evidence. Interleukins (ILs) are important mediators and modulators of inflammation. Specific polymorphisms in the genes encoding subunits of IL-23 (IL-12B) and its receptor (IL-23R) have recently been consistently found to be associated with chronic immune-mediated diseases. In this study, we explored the hypothesis that these variants also affect the risk of MI. We conducted a case-control association study on a cohort of 738 British Caucasian MI patients and 716 population controls. We tested four variants (rs11209026, rs7517847, rs1343151, rs10889677) of IL-23R and the A1188C polymorphism (rs3212227) of IL-12B. There was no association of any IL-23R (rs11209026, p = 0.82; rs7517847, p = 0.87; rs1343151, p = 0.85; rs10889677, p = 0.48) or IL-12B (rs3212227, p = 0.32) polymorphisms with MI. Stratification for age, gender and other cardiovascular risk factors did not affect the findings. These results indicate that unlike other chronic inflammatory diseases, the examined variants are unlikely to be major contributors to the pathogenesis of MI.     

Correlation of interleukin-10 gene haplotype with hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan

Polymorphisms in cytokine genes can influence immune responses, inflammation and tissue injury, and may affect the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the interleukin (IL)-10 gene among 344 HBV carriers and 208 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genotypes and haplotypes were tested for association with HCC. IL-10/-592 C/C genotype was associated with a higher risk for HCC compared with IL-10/-592 A/C and A/A genotypes [odds ratio (OR): 2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-3.6]. IL-10/1927 A/A genotype was also associated with a higher risk for HCC compared with IL-10/1927 A/C and C/C genotypes (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.2). Haplotype analysis revealed that the homozygosity of the C-A haplotype (defined by SNPs at positions -592 and 1927) of IL-10 gene conveys the highest risk for HCC among HBV carriers compared with the homozygosity for the A-C haplotype (OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-4.9). The results demonstrate that IL-10 gene polymorphism can affect the outcome of chronic HBV infection. Further studies are necessary to clarify how variation in the IL-10 gene affects IL-10 function and risk of HCC.     

Impact of the IL-17F,IL-23 and IL-23R on susceptibility and phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease characterized by excessive proinflammatory cytokine production and damage to multiple organ systems. To investigate the potential association between cytokine gene polymorphisms and SLE, we performed a case-control study based on Polish population. SLE patients and controls, were examined for IL-23A rs11171806?G/A and IL-23R (rs1884444?G/T, rs10489629?G/A) by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, for IL-17F rs763780 A/G and rs2397084A/G using the PCR– RFLP method. An increased frequency of AG genotype as well as G allele of the IL-17F rs763780 was found in patients with SLE, as compared with healthy subjects (OR?=?3.947; p?=?0.001 and OR?=?3.538; p?=?0.002, respectively). Frequencies of the rs1884444 TT genotype (OR?=?138.1) and the rs1884444 T allele (OR?=?2.176) were also higher in SLE patients (both p?0.0001). Overall, weak LD was observed between the IL-17F rs763780 A/G and rs2397084 A/G polymorphisms (D'-0.003, r² – 0.000). From four possible haplotypes, frequencies of AG showed differences between both examined groups (p?0.0001). We also observed a weak LD between the IL-23R rs10489629G/A and rs1884444?G/T (D'-0.199, r² –0.026). The genotype–phenotype analysis showed significant association between the IL-17F rs2397084 and mean value of the hemoglobin (p?=?0.01), the IL-17F rs763780 and age (p?=?0.008) and lupus anticoagulant (p?=?0.09), the IL-23 rs11171806 and urea (p?=?0.08) and C3 complement (p?=?0.03), and the IL-23R rs1884444?G/T and activated partial thromboplastin time (p?=?0.06). Present findings indicated that IL-17F rs763780 A/G and IL-23R rs1884444?G/T polymorphisms may be involved in susceptibility to SLE in the Polish population.     

Haplotypes of RHO polymorphisms and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration

Objective: To investigate whether haplotypes of rhodopsin (RHO) polymorphisms including rs7984, rs2855552, rs2855557 and rs2410 were associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk in Chinese Han population. Methods: Genotypes of rs7984, rs2855552, rs2855557 and rs2410 were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 186 cases and 196 healthy controls. Then, the haplotypes were established with Haploview 4.2 software. And the effects of clinical charactersitics on the frequency of GTTG haplotype were also analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were utilized to assess the relationship of haplotypes and genotypes of RHO polymorphisms with susceptibility to AMD. Results: Genotype distribution of all polymorphisms in control group were all in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) (P>0.05). In the analysis, we found that mutant alleles of rs7984 and rs2855557 were both associated with increased risk of AMD. For genotype analysis, rs7984 AA and rs2855557AA, rs2410GG genotypes all could increase the risk for AMD (OR=1.905, 95% CI=1.143-3.174; OR=2.226, 95% CI=1.261-3.932; OR=2.073, 95% CI=1.105-3.888). However, rs2855552 showed no effects on the onset of AMD. Compared with GTTA, the haplotypes of GGTG, ATAA and GTTG were all related with AMD susceptibility. Further analysis suggested that age, hypertension and hyperlipidemia history play important roles in the frequency alteration of GTTG haplotype. Conclusion: RHO polymorphisms (rs7984, rs2855557 and rs2410) and haplotypes may confer remarkable susceptibility to AMD. Further investigation showed that gene and environmental factors may work together in the pathogenesis of AMD.     

Variants of the IL23R Gene are Associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis but not with Sjögren Syndrome in Hungarian Population Samples

Recently, associations were found between several autoimmune diseases and functional variants of interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R) gene; here, we studied the possible association of nine polymorphisms of IL23R with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and with Sjögren syndrome (SS). In our study, we genotyped groups of patients with AS ( n  = 206), SS ( n  = 156) and healthy controls ( n  = 235) for rs11805303, rs10889677, rs1004819, rs2201841, rs11209032, rs11209026, rs10489629, rs7517847 and rs7530511 variants using PCR-RFLP methods. We observed significant increase in the carriage of the T allele of rs11805303 and the A allele of rs1004189 in the AS group compared with the controls. For the rs10889677 variant, the prevalence of the AA genotype and for the rs2201841, the CC genotype showed a more than two-fold increase in the AS group compared with the controls. By contrast, the GA heterozygous genotype of rs11209026 variant showed a significant decrease in AS patients compared with controls. Haplotype analysis revealed association of four IL23R haplotypes with AS. There was no difference in the distribution of any of the examined IL23R variants between controls and SS patients. In conclusion, we confirmed the susceptibility or protective associations of IL23R polymorphisms with AS in a Hungarian population and first demonstrated the involvement of the rs11805303 intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms, which was tested so far only for other autoimmune diseases.     

IL-1 gene polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility of gallbladder cancer in a north Indian population

Long-standing gallstones are generally present in 65-80% patients of gallbladder cancer (GBC). It has also been suggested that inflammation caused by gallstones may be involved in the development of GBC. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B) are proinflammatory cytokine genes at the interleukin-1 locus, and polymorphisms of these genes have been associated with various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether polymorphism in the IL-1RN and IL-1B genes are associated with GBC patients with and without gallstones. Polymorphisms within the IL-1RN 86-base pair VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) and IL-1B (-511C --> T) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism in 166 healthy subjects and 124 GBC patients. The frequency of the IL-1RN, VNTR 2/2 genotype was significantly higher in GBC patients [P = 0.017; odds ratio (OR) = 3.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23-8.58]. CC genotype and 'C' allele of the -511IL-1B C --> T polymorphism also showed high risk for GBC (P = 0.033; OR = 3.36; 95%CI = 1.52-7.43, P = 0.047, OR = 1.41; 95%CI = 1.00-1.98, respectively). The higher cancer risk due to the IL-1RN, 2/2 genotype was observed in GBC patients with or without stones (P = 0.038; OR = 3.58; 95%CI = 1.08-11.65, P = 0.035; OR = 3.33; 95%CI = 1.08-10.61). Risk due to the CC genotype of IL-1B, however, was confined to GBC patients harboring gallstones (P = 0.0003; OR = 6.92; 95%CI = 2.65-18.03). The haplotype 1/C of IL-1RN and IL-1B was found to confer a significantly enhanced risk of GBC in cancer patients with gallstones (P = 0.022; OR = 2.19; 95%CI = 1.12-4.27), while higher risk resulting from 2/C haplotype was of borderline significance (P = 0.061; OR = 3.04; 95%CI = 0.95-9.70). Individuals with 1/C and 2/C haplotypes of IL-1RN VNTR and -511IL-1B C --> T polymorphisms were more susceptible to develop GBC with gallstones compared to healthy controls in north India.