闭合复位有限扩髓交锁髓内钉固定治疗胫骨闭合性骨折

随着微创技术的发展，外固定和交锁髓内钉技术在骨科手术中的应用越来越广。自1999年9月～2002年10月采用国产交锁髓内钉进行有限扩髓内固定治疗胫骨闭合性骨折65例，疗效满意，现报告如下。     

尺骨闭合穿针治疗儿童孟氏骨折

目的观察：通过尺骨闭合穿针对儿童孟氏骨折的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析1995年6月至2002年10月间收治儿童孟氏骨折患者，用尺骨闭合穿针治疗方法的临床资料。结果治疗效果优85％，良13％，优良率97．9％。     

闭合复位加动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

2002～2006年，我院对37例老年股骨转子间骨折行闭合复位加动力髋螺钉（DHS）内固定，取得较满意疗效。     

间接暴力致肝门部放射状损伤

目的 探讨腹部闭合性损伤致肝门部放射状肝破裂的形成机制、临床特点及治疗特点。方法 回顾性总结了1990年8月～2002年9月间8例闭合性腹部外伤致肝门部放射状肝破裂及合并伤的临床表现、治疗方法和结果。结果 8例病人全部经手术治疗痊愈，对胆囊撕脱伤及胆管裂伤患者随访2～3年，无不良反应。结论 肝门部放射状肝破裂由间接暴力所致。可伴有胆囊撕脱伤。肝门胆管、血管及第三肝门裂伤。主要表现为失血性休克，修补肝破裂的同时。注意合并伤的处理。     

治疗观察距骨骨折64例

自1999-2002年共收治距骨骨折64例，采用闭合复位或切开复位、空心螺钉或松质骨螺钉固定，疗效满意，报告如下。     

闭合复位有限切开DHS内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折

自1997年1月-2002年6月采用在C形臂电视X线机透视下行闭合复位，有限切开DHS内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折56例，取得了满意效果。     

闭合复位空心双头加压钉经皮固定治岁子股骨颈骨折

自1998年1月～2002年1月采用闭合复位空心双头加压钉经皮固定治疗股骨颈骨折117例，取得良好效果。报告如下。     

闭合复位动力髋螺钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折

我院于2000年7月-2002年儿月采用闭合复位技术，应用动力髋螺钉(DHS)内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折82例，效果满意。     

闭合复位微型外固定支架治疗掌指骨骨折

自2002年3月～2005年3月，我们采用闭合复位微型外固定支架固定治疗手部掌指骨骨折，取得了满意疗效，现报告如下。     

闭合交锁髓内钉扩髓治疗Ⅲ型以上股骨干骨折26例

自2002年6月～2003年12月采用闭合交锁髓内钉扩髓治疗Ⅲ型以上股骨干骨折26例，取得了满意的疗效。     

牙体牙弓颌骨阻力中心及其临床意义

牙体、牙弓及颌骨的阻力中心在正畸矫治力系统中具有重要的意义,也是正畸学领域争论较多的一个问题。Dermaut等研究表明,当力作用于物体阻力中心时,物体将发生平动,否则将发生平动和转动的复合运动。目前,国内外多数学者认为牙体、牙弓及颌骨存在阻力中心,但其位置存在争议。本文就牙体、牙弓及颌骨的阻力中心及其临床意义作一综述。     

Hazards and complications of endoscopic transurethral ureterolithotripsy and lithoextraction and means of prevention

Complications related to ureterolithotomy and ultrasonic ureterolithotripsy performed under the control of visual endoscope were analyzed in 86 ureterolithiasis patients, methods of their prevention discussed. All the aforementioned complications were distributed into three groups: inapplicability of surgery due to anatomic and functional defects of lower and upper urinary tracts, intraoperative, and postoperative complications. The commonest ones were ureteral abruption and perforation, acute pyelonephritis, temporary vesicoureteral reflux. Their control measures were considered as relative methods of treatment: immediate surgical intervention in case of ureteral abruption, renal catheterization in patients with insignificant ureteral perforation or acute pyelonephritis. Adequate ureteroscopy, careful consideration of pro- and contraindications, catheterization of renal pelvis and urinary bladder performed within 2-3 days after the surgery and adequate antibacterial therapy are the most decisive steps in the control of aforementioned complications.     

Characterisation and differentiation of chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfibromas - presence and expression of collagen types I and II

AIM: Chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfiibromas are rare benign skeletal neoplasms with reported overlapping histology. Aim of this study was to analyse the biochemical composition of the matrix of these tumour entities in order to further characterise the cellular phenotypes of these neoplasms using typical cell biological marker genes. METHODS: The matrix compositions of chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfibromas were analyzed by HE-histology, histochemistry, and immunolocalization techniques. Cellular gene expression patterns were detected by mRNA in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Chondroblastomas are rich in collagen type I and show foci of an osteoid-like matrix, whereas collagen type II as a typical marker of chondrocytic differentiation was not detected in any of the specimens. Chondromyxoidfiibromas had foci of chondroid appearance with chondroblastic cellular differentiation characterised by collagen type II expression. CONCLUSION: These results characterise chondroblastomas and chondromyxoidfiibromas as skeletal neoplasms that have a different biology and which can be distinguished by matrix protein expression products: collagen type II, the typical marker of chondroblast differentiation, could only be detected in chondromyxoidfibromas, but not in chondroblastomas. Thus, both neoplasms are clearly different on the cell biological level.     

Histochemical and contractile properties of striated muscles of urethra and levator ani of dogs and sheep

AIMS: To understand their possible importance in long- and short-term control of continence, some properties of the striated muscles of the urethra and pelvic floor (levator ani) of dogs and sheep were investigated, especially fiber types and contractile characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Striated muscles of urethra and levator ani of 29 male and 6 female dogs and 11 male and 6 female sheep were removed and cut into strips. Some strips were frozen and stained for ATPase at pH 9.4 and 4.3 for fiber typing; others were set up in an organ bath to study contractile responses to nerve stimulation. RESULTS: All muscles contained both type I (slow) and type II fibers, ranging from 97% type II in female greyhound urethra to 60% in female sheep levator ani. For each muscle, there were fewer type II muscles in sheep than in dog. The diameters of the urethral fibers were about 60% of the levator ani in dogs and 34% in sheep. Contraction of the urethral muscle was faster than for levator ani and declined to about 80% of the peak, 500 msec after the beginning of stimulation at 20 Hz. The levator ani contraction rose to a steady level as long as stimulation continued. CONCLUSIONS: Both the levator ani and urethral striated muscles contain slow and fast fiber types. The levator ani muscles are capable of sustained contraction with rapid onset which will produce long-term closure of the urethra. The circular urethral muscle contraction was faster but less well maintained.