共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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Hyo-Won Jung Un-Kyo Seo Jang-Hyun Kim Kang-Hyun Leem Yong-Ki Park 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
The root of Panax notoginseng (PN) is commonly used to treat chronic liver disease with its therapeutic abilities to stop haemorrhage in the circulation, while the PN flower (PN-F) is largely unknown in the biological activities on inflammation and mechanisms of its actions. In this study, the pharmacologic effects of PN-F methanol extract on inflammation were investigated to address potential therapeutic or toxic effects in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage cells, RAW264.7 cells.Materials and methods
Production of NO, PGE2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in supernatant, the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and cytokines, the phosphorylation of MAPK moleduces (ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK), and the activation of NF-κB in PN-F extract were assayed in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.Results
PN-F extract significantly inhibited the productions of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-1β on the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, PN-F extract suppressed the mRNA and protein expressions of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The molecular mechanism of PN-F extract-mediated attenuation in RAW264.7 cells has close a relationship to suppressing the phosphorylation of MAPK molecules such as ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK, and the translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit into nuclear.Conclusion
These results indicate that PN-F extract inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response via the blocking of NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages, and demonstrated that PN-F extract possesses anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. 相似文献4.
Ok-Kyoung Kwon Mee-Young Lee Ji-Eun Yuk Sei-Ryang Oh Young-Won Chin Hyeong-Kyu Lee Kyung-Seop Ahn 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
Lilium lancifolium is commonly used to treat bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extracts of the root of Lilium lancifolium (LL extracts) in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells.Material and methods
Levels of NO, PGE2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in the supernatant fraction were determined using sandwich ELISA. Expression of COX-2 and iNOS, phosphorylation of MAPK subgroups (ERK and JNK), and NF-κB activation in extracts were detected via Western blot and immunocytochemistry assays.Results
The LL extract significantly inhibited NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-α production in LPS-stimulated cells, and suppressed iNOS and COX-2 expression. A mechanism-based study showed that phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK and translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit into nuclei were inhibited by the LL extract. Furthermore, interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 production in Con A-induced splenocytes was suppressed.Conclusion
These results indicate that anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extracts from Lilium lancifolium are due to downregulation of iNOS and COX-2 via suppression of NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation as well as blocking of ERK and JNK signaling in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells. 相似文献5.
Chang Woo Han Min Jung Kwun Kyun Ha Kim Jun-Yong Choi Sei-Ryang Oh Kyung-Seop Ahn Jang Hoon Lee Myungsoo Joo 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The tuber of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk, a medicinal herb that has been used for the treatment of various disorders in Korea, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Here, we investigated a possible underlying mechanism and a protective effect on acute lung injury (ALI).Materials and methods
Alisma orientale tuber was extracted in 80% ethanol and dried. The powder of the ethanol extract of Alisma orientale tuber (EEAO) was dissolved in PBS. The effect of EEAO on NF-κB and Nrf2 activities was analyzed with RAW 264.7 cells. The effect of EEAO on lung inflammation was determined by histologic and molecular biological analyses of the lung tissue of C57BL/6 mice that were gavaged once a day with 0.3 or 1.2 g/kg of EEAO for 14 days, prior to an intranasal administration of LPS (0.01 g/kg) for inducing ALI.Results
EEAO pre-treatment of RAW 264.7 cells suppressed NF-κB activity and the expression of its dependent genes including COX-2, IL-1β and iNOS. Similar treatment enhanced Nrf2 activity and the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes including NQO-1, HO-1 and GCLC. LPS instillation induced acute neutrophilic lung inflammation, which was significantly suppressed by pre-treatment with EEAO. Analysis of the lungs revealed that EEAO pre-treatment induced the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes, with concomitant down-regulation of inflammatory gene expression.Conclusions
EEAO attenuated lung inflammation in LPS-induced ALI mice, which was associated with differential regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 activities. We suggest that EEAO can be developed as a potential therapeutics for the treatment of ALI. 相似文献6.
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Ethnopharmacological relevance
Baicalein (BE), a phenolic flavonoid extracted mainly from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a Chinese herb, is traditionally used in oriental medicine. Several studies have demonstrated that BE exerts many beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, its effect on acute lung injury (ALI) and the molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear and warrant further investigation. The aim of the study is to investigate whether BE improves lipopolysaccharide (LPS, intratracheally, i.t.)-induced ALI in rats, and further study the underlying mechanisms of its activity.Material and methods
Rats were administrated with LPS (5 mg/kg/body weight, i.t.) through a 24-gauge catheter to establish the ALI model. The effects of BE on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitrite/nitrate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation as well as the histopathological changes were evaluated.Results
Results showed that BE (20 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment markedly attenuated LPS-induced lung edema, elevation of the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, CINC-3, and nitrite/nitrate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid accompanied by a remarkable improvement of lung histopathological symptoms. The LPS-enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration and myeloperoxidase activity, O2− formation and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosin in lungs were all attenuated by BE. Notably, BE could augment Nrf2/HO-1 cascade, but inhibited NF-κB activation in LPS-instilled lungs that was strongly reversed by blocking HO-1 activity.Conclusion
This study is the first to demonstrate that BE protects against LPS-induced ALI in rats. The underlying mechanisms may include inhibition of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses and upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which ultimately alleviates the pathological symptoms of ALI. 相似文献9.
Soo Young Bang Ji-Hee Kim Hee-Young Kim Young Ji Lee Sun Young Park Sang Joon Lee YoungHee Kim 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The roots of Achyranthes japonica Nakai have been used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of edema and arthritis in Korea.Aim of the study
In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism responsible for anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of A. japonica roots (AJ) in LPS-stimulated macrophages.Materials and methods
Nitric oxide (NO) production and as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression were examined in TG-elicited peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells. Cell viability was monitored by MTT assay. Protein and mRNA expressions were determined by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. The activity of NF-κB and Nrf2 were examined by EMSA, immunocytochemistry or reporter assay.Results
AJ inhibited LPS-induced NO secretion as well as iNOS expression, without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, AJ suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activation, degradation of IκB-α, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. Further study demonstrated that AJ induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene expression via nuclear translocation and transactivation of Nrf2. In addition, the inhibitory effects of AJ on iNOS expression were abrogated by small interfering RNA-mediated knock-down of HO-1.Conclusions
These results suggest that AJ suppresses LPS-induced NO production and iNOS expression in macrophages through the inhibition of IκB/NF-κB and MAPK as well as the Nrf2-mediated HO-1 induction. These findings provide the scientific rationale for anti-inflammatory therapeutic use of A. japonica roots. 相似文献10.
Aim of the study
Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) is used to treat various diseases including inflammation. A wild species of bitter gourd, Momordica charantia Linn. var. abbreviata ser. (WBG), is considered to be more potent in disease prevention than is bitter gourd; however, little is known about the biological and physiological characteristics of WBG.Materials and methods
The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of WBG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.Results
Among the hot water, 95% ethanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of WBG, the ethanol extract showed the greatest reduction of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-interleukin-1β expression. LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression was not affected by WBG extracts. Compared with WBG, extracts from bitter gourd showed a lesser inhibition of LPS-induced events. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay further showed that both the hot water and the ethanol extracts of WBG inhibited NF-κB activation. Although information is lacking on the bioactive components of WBG, the phenolic compound contents of each extract significantly paralleled its anti-inflammatory ability (r = 0.74, 0.88 and 0.65 for NO, PGE2 and iNOS expression, respectively, P < 0.05).Conclusions
These results suggest that WBG is beneficial for reducing LPS-induced inflammatory responses by modulating NF-κB activation. 相似文献11.
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Sun Young Park Ga-young Park Woo Shin Ko YoungHee Kim 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009,125(2):246-251
Aim of the study
The roots of Dichroa febrifuga Lour. have been used as a traditional antimalarial drug and also used in the treatment of productive cough and unstable fever caused by infection in China and Korea. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect and underlying molecular mechanism of aqueous extract of Dichroa febrifuga (AEDF) in C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophages.Materials and methods
The effect of AEDF on proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) production was analyzed by ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. The effects of AEDF on NF-κB/IκB-α/IKK were measured by reporter assay (in RAW 264.7 cells), EMSA, Western blotting and kinase assay. The effects of AEDF on Akt and MAPKs activity were assayed by Western blotting.Results
AEDF inhibited the production of IL-1β and IL-6, NF-κB activation, IκB-α degradation, and IKK, Akt, ERK1/2 and JNK activities in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.Conclusions
These results suggest that AEDF inhibits proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) production in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, and that these effects are mediated by the inhibition of the activity of IKK/IκB/NF-κB and the phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, and JNK. Our results provide a molecular basis for understanding the inhibitory effects of Dichroa febrifuga roots on endotoxin-mediated inflammation. 相似文献14.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Anacardium occidentale is used in traditional African medicine for the treatment of arthritis, fever, aches, pains, and inflammation of the extremities.Aim of the study
In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for anti-inflammatory effects of a stem bark extract of A. occidentale (ANE) in LPS-stimulated microglia.Materials and methods
Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 and cytokine (TNFα and IL-6) production were evaluated in supernatants from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES-1) protein expressions in rat primary microglia were measured using western blot. The effects of ANE on NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation were evaluated in the luciferase reporter gene assay and ELISA, while ability of ANE to influence IκB phosphorylation was determined using ELISA specific for phospho-IκB. The involvement of MAPK phosphorylation in the anti-inflammatory actions of ANE was evaluated using specific ELISA for phospho-p38, phospho-p42/44 and phospho-JNK. The MTT assay was used to determine the effect of ANE on BV-2 microglia viability.Results
ANE (25–100 μg/ml) produced significant (p<0.05) reduction in the production of NO, PGE2, TNFα and IL-6 in BV-2 microglia stimulated with LPS for 24 h. Pre-treatment with ANE caused a significant (p<0.05) inhibition of COX-2, iNOS and mPGES-1 protein expressions in the rat primary microglia. Further experiments showed that ANE inhibited COX-2 and iNOS protein expression via IκB-mediated nuclear translocation and transactivation of NF-κB. Our studies also revealed that ANE produced significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent inhibition of p38, p42/44 and JNK MAPK phosphorylation in LPS-activated BV-2 microglia.Conclusions
We conclude that ANE has an anti-inflammatory property related to inhibition of inflammation-associated cytokine production as well as iNOS and COX-2 gene expression by blocking NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the microglia. It is also suggested that mPGES-1 inhibition contributes to the effect of ANE on PGE2 production in the microglia. 相似文献15.
Aim of the study
Previous study showed that the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Apiaceae) (AS) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 secretions in vitro. This study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of AS EtOAc extract and its major compounds in vivo and in vitro.Materials and methods
NF-κB luciferase activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretions from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells pre-treated with EtOAc extract or compounds were analyzed. For further in vivo study, BALB/c mice were tube-fed with 1.56 (AS1 group), 6.25 (AS2 group) mg/kg body weight/day in 100 μl soybean oil, while the control and PDTC (pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an anti-inflammatory agent) groups were tube-fed with 100 μl soybean oil/day only. After 1 week of tube-feeding, the PDTC group was injected with 50 mg/kg BW PDTC and 1 h later, all of the mice were injected with 15 mg/kg BW LPS. The pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and lifespan of LPS-challenged mice were determined.Results
The results showed that AS EtOAc extract significantly inhibited NF-κB luciferase activity and TNF-α, IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and NO secretions from LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The AS1 and PDTC groups, but not AS2, had significantly higher survival rate than the control group. This was characterized by the inhibition of the serum TNF-α and IL-12p40 levels after LPS injection (p < 0.05). The major compounds of AS, ferulic acid and Z-ligustilide, also significantly decreased NF-κB luciferase activity, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of AS.Conclusions
Low dose of AS EtOAc extract that inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators alleviates acute inflammatory hazards and protect mice from endotoxic shock. 相似文献16.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Uncaria guianensis (Aublet) Gmell (Rubiaceae) is a medicinal plant from the jungles of South and Central America, used to treat cancer, arthritis, diabetes, and inflammation. Evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects of Uncaria guianensis preparations.Materials and methods
Bio-guided fractionation of a hydroethanolic extract of Uncaria guianensis was performed, evaluating the fractions and subfractions for their effect on inflammatory mediators, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by ELISA and nitric oxide (NO) by the Griess reaction in cultured supernatant from RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inhibitor of κB (IκB) were investigated in RAW 264.7 macrophages by flow cytometry. The activity of NF-κB in HeLa cells transfected with a luciferase reporter system was determined. The effect of Uncaria guianensis on the inflammatory response in vivo was assessed in BALB/c mice stimulated with LPS, on rat paw oedema induced by carrageenan, and on tumour growth and lung metastasis in BALB/c mice inoculated with 4T1 mammary tumour cells. Immune cell infiltrates and inflammatory mediators were evaluated in the tumour by immunohistochemistry.Results
Sub-fraction Ug AIV inhibited, to varying degrees, NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and PGE2 production by macrophages in vitro (30 μg/ml) and in the serum of LPS-challenged mice (5 mg/kg). Macrophage expression of Cox-2 was inhibited (35%), IκB degradation was completely inhibited and NF-κB activation was inhibited (70%) by Ug AIV at 30 μg/ml. Ug AIV decreased paw oedema by 86% (5 mg/kg) and serum NO and TNF-α by 45% and 65% respectively. Ug AIV reduced 4T1 mammary tumour growth by 91% on day 33 post-inoculation as well as the levels of serum NO, IL-6 and TNF-α in the same animals. Ug AIV decreased the number of tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils as well as the number of cells positive for COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α and p65.Conclusions
As Ug AIV was not cytotoxic for tumour cells or macrophages, its anti-tumour effect may be due to a reduction in pro-tumoural inflammatory processes in the tumour microenvironment, possibly mediated through NF-κB. 相似文献17.
Silvia Aquila Rosa M. Giner María C. Recio Etile D. Spegazzini José Luis Ríos 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Taiuiá or tayuya (Cayaponia tayuya, Cucurbitaceae) is a climbing, lignified plant with a large swollen root that has traditionally been used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic agent in the folk medicine of Brazil, Peru, and Colombia.The aim of the study
We have assayed the pharmacological properties of a flavonoid fraction obtained from the butanol extract of Cayaponia tayuya roots using two models of topical mouse ear oedema, paying special attention to its influence on the induction on pro-inflammatory enzymes and peptidic mediators.Material and methods
The in vivo experiments involved both the acute oedema induced by a single application of TPA and the subchronic inflammation brought on by repeated applications of TPA. The effects on the induction of pro-inflammatory enzymes and peptidic mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages were analyzed with the aid of Western blot analysis.Results
The extract was identified as a mixture of flavonoids in which vicenin-2, spinosin, isovitexin, and a mixture of swertisin and isoswertisin were found. In acute TPA-induced oedema in mouse ears, the flavonoid-enriched fraction (at a dose of 0.5 mg/ear) inhibited the oedema by 66% (4.2 ± 0.6 mg vs. 12.3 ± 1.4 mg, P < 0.01) while in the subchronic model, the inhibition reached 37% at a dose of 0.5 mg/ear × 7 applications (7.5 ± 0.6 mg vs. 11.9 ± 1.3 mg, P < 0.05). When assayed in vitro, the flavonoid showed no toxicity at 33.45 μg/mL on RAW 264.7 macrophages. Although the nitric oxide production in these cells was moderately reduced (42%) at 33.45 μg/mL, the flavonoid-enriched fraction had no effect on TNF-α production. In addition, at 22.30 μg/mL, the test sample inhibited both iNOS and COX-2 expression by 98% and 49%, respectively.Conclusion
These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from tayuya roots most likely stems from their inhibition of the induction of the enzymes COX-2 and iNOS. 相似文献18.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) has long been used for the treatment of inflammation in China and other Asian countries. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of this medicinal plant is not fully understood. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of anthraquinones, the major constituents in rhubarb, and the molecular mechanism involved in their anti-inflammatory effects.Materials and methods
RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence or absence of the compounds examined. The proliferation of RAW264.7 cells was assayed by the Alamar-Blue method. The quantity of nitric oxide (NO) was determined by Griess assay. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time PCR. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), inhibitor of nuclear factor κBα (IκBα), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and Akt/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting.Results
Aloe-emodin markedly suppressed the production of NO, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with no apparent cytotoxicity. The mRNA expression levels of iNOS, IL-6, and IL-1β genes were also significantly inhibited by aloe-emodin. Western blot analysis showed that aloe-emodin suppressed LPS-induced iNOS protein expression, IκBα degradation, and the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, JNK, and Akt.Conclusions
These results demonstrate that aloe-emodin is the bioactive component of rhubarb that confers an anti-inflammatory effect through a likely mechanism involving a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages via inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K pathways. 相似文献19.