Inhibitory effects of Houttuynia cordata water extracts on anaphylactic reaction and mast cell activation

The present study was investigated the effect of Houttuynia cordata THUNB water extract (HCWE) on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions. The mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reaction is involved in many allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. HCWE has been used as a traditional medicine in Korea and is known to have an antioxidant and anti-cancer activities. However, its specific effect of mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions is still unknown. We examined whether HCWE could inhibit compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis, IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), and mast cell activation. The oral administration of HCWE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis in mice. HCWE also inhibited the local allergic reaction, PCA, activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody in rats. HCWE reduced the compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation and colchicine-induced deformation of rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). Moreover, HCWE dose-dependently inhibited histamine release and calcium uptake of RPMC induced by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. HCWE increased the level of intracellular cAMP and inhibited significantly the compound 48/80-induced cAMP reduction in RPMC. These results suggest that HCWE may be beneficial in the treatment of mast cell-mediated anaphylactic responses.     

Inhibitory effects of Agaricus blazei on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis-like reactions

Agaricus blazei is a medicinal mushroom native to Brazil. It used to be a source of anti-tumor and immunmoactive compounds and considered a health food in many countries. However, its specific effect against mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Agaricus blazei water extract (ABWE) on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis-like reactions. We examined whether ABWE could inhibit systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction, ear swelling response, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, and mast cell activation. ABWE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction, ear swelling response, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis-like reaction in mice. ABWE also inhibited anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. ABWE dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80-induced or anti-DNP IgE-mediated histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). Moreover, pretreatment with ABWE reduced compound 48/80-induced calcium uptake into RPMC. When ABWE was added, the level of intracellular cAMP in RPMC showed a significant increase compared with that of control cells. In addition, ABWE significantly inhibited compound 48/80-induced cAMP reduction in RPMC. These results propose that ABWE may be beneficial in the treatment of mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions.     

Inhibition of anaphylaxis-like reaction and mast cell activation by water extract from the fruiting body of Phellinus linteus

Mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reaction is involved in many allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Phellinus linteus has been used as a traditional herb medicine in oriental countries and is known to have anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities. However, roles of Phellinus linteus in the mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions have not fully been examined. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of water extract from the fruiting body of Phellinus linteus (WEPL) on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis-like reactions. Oral administration of WEPL inhibited the compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction and ear swelling response. WEPL also inhibited the anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE-mediated passive systemic and cutaneous anaphylaxis. WEPL had no cytotoxicity on rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). WEPL dose-dependently reduced histamine release from RPMC activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, WEPL decreased the compound 48/80-induced calcium uptake into RPMC. Furthermore, WEPL increased the level of intracellular cAMP and significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced cAMP reduction in RPMC. These results suggest that WEPL may serve as an effective therapeutic agent for allergic diseases.     

Inhibitory effect of mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions by Cichorium intybus.

We investigated the effect of an aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus (CIAE) on mast cell-mediated immediate type allergic reactions. CIAE (0.1-1000 mg kg-1) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylactic reaction induced by compound 48/80 in mice. Especially, CIAE inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reaction 100% with the dose of 1000 mg kg-1. CIAE 1000 mg kg-1also significantly inhibited local anaphylactic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. When mice were pretreated with CIAE at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 1000 mg kg-1, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. CIAE (1-1000 microg ml-1) dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cAMP in RPMC, when CIAE (1000 microg ml-1) was added, increased significantly compared with that of control cells. These results indicate that CIAE inhibits mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions in vivo and in vitro.     

Antiallergic action of Magnolia officinalis on immediate hypersensitivity reaction

We studied the effect of aqueous extract of Magnolia officinalis bark (Magnoliaceae) (MOAE) on the immediate hypersensitivity reaction. MOAE (0.01 to 1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis in rats. MOAE (0.1 and 1 g/kg) also significantly inhibited local immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction. When MOAE was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 g/kg, the levels of plasma histamine were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. MOAE (0.001 to 1 mg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. The level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in RPMC, when MOAE was added, significantly increased compared with that of the normal control. Moreover, MOAE (0.01 to 1 mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from RPMC. These results indicate that MOAE inhibits immediate hypersensitivity reaction in vivo and in vitro.     

ANTIANAPHYLACTIC PROPERTIES OF EUGENOL

The effects of eugenol, a major component of clove, on anaphylaxis were evaluated in rats. Eugenol inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis 100% with a dose of 10 μg g⁻¹body weight (BW). While serum levels of histamine were markedly elevated after compound 48/80 injection in all groups of rats, rats injected with eugenol showed a significant reduction in serum histamine levels. Eugenol also inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. Eugenol dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The morphological examination clearly showed that eugenol prevented the anaphylactic degranulation of RPMC. Moreover, Eugenol (10 μg ml⁻¹) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-α production. These results suggest that eugenol has antianaphylactic properties by preventing mast cell degranulation     

The evaluation of the antianaphylactic effect of Oryza sativa L. subsp. hsien Ting in rats.

We studied the effect of the methanol extract of Oryza sativa L. subsp. hsien Ting (OSHT) on anaphylaxis. OSHT (0.001-1.0 mg g-1body weight (BW)) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats. When OSHT was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1.0 mg g-1BW, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. OSHT (0. 001-1.0 mg g-1BW) also inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. Moreover, OSHT dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cAMP in RPMC, when OSHT was added, significantly increased approx. 20-fold compared with that of basal cells. These results indicate that OSHT possesses strong antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro.     

Inhibitory effect of mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis byGleditsia sinensis

We investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Gleditsia sinensis thorns (Leguminosae) (GSAE) on the mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis. GSAE (0.005 to 1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats. GSAE (0.1 and 1 g/kg) also significantly inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-DNP IgE. When GSAE was pretreated at the same concentrations with systemic anaphylaxis, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. GSAE (0.001 to 1 mg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cyclic AMP in RPMC, When CSAE (1 mg/ml) was added, transiently and significantly increased about fourfold compared with that of basal cells. Moreover, GSAE (0.01 and 0.1 mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from RPMC. These results suggest a possible use of GSAE in managing mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis.     

Suppression of anaphylactic reaction in murine bySiegesbeckia pubescens

The aqueous extract ofSiegesbeckia pubescens (SPAE) inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis 100% with the dose of 1.0, 0.5 mg/g body weight (BW) at 1 h before or 5 min, 10 min after intraperitoneal injection of compound 48/80. The passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction also inhibited to 78.5% by oral administration of SPAE (1.0 mg/g BW). When SPAE pretreated on mice at concentrations ranging from 0.0001 to 1.0 mg/g BW, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SPAE (100-800 mug/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80 (5 mug/ml). Analysis by microscopic appearance observation revealed that SPAE (500 mug/ml) stabilized the RPMC membrane. Therefore, these findings indicate that SPAE inhibits anaphylactic reactions through stabilization of mast cell membrane.     

Magnoliae flos inhibits mast cell-dependent immediate-type allergic reactions.

The mast cell plays a pivotal role in initiating allergic response by secreting intracytoplasmic granular mediators such as histamine. Magnoliae flos has been used for the treatment of allergic disease in Korea. However, its effect in experimental models remains unknown. The present report describes an inhibitory effect of Magnoliae flos on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Topical application of compound 48/80 can induce an ear swelling response in normal (WBB6F1-+/+) mice but not in the congenic mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice. Magnoliae flos inhibited concentration-dependently mast cell-dependent ear swelling response induced by compound 48/80 by topical application. Magnoliae flos inhibited concentration-dependently passive cutaneous anaphylaxis induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE in rats by topical application. Magnoliae flos also inhibited concentration-dependently the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, Magnoliae flos had a significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction. These results indicate that Magnoliae flos inhibits immediate-type allergic reactions by inhibition of mast cell degranulation in vivo and in vitro.     

Inhibition of mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis by succinic acid

We have examined the effect of succinic acid on anaphylaxis. Succinic acid (100 mM) significantly inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in mice and dose-dependently inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE. Further 10 and 100 mM significantly inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl IgE. In addition succinic acid (0.1 and 1 mM) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-dinitrophenyl IgE-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion from rat peritoneal mast cells. The level of cyclic AMP in rat peritoneal mast cells, when succinic acid (100 mM) was added, transiently and significantly increased about 4 times compared with that of basal cells. These results suggest a possible use of succinic acid in managing mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis.     

Anti-allergic action of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) grain extract

The anti-allergic action of buckwheat grain extract (BGE) was investigated using rodent experimental models. The oral, intraperitoneal and intradermal administration of BGE significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced vascular permeability documented by Evans blue extravasation. In addition, BGE showed potent inhibitory effect on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE when orally administered. In an in vitro study, BGE revealed to possess inhibitory potential on the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). Moreover, BGE inhibited the IL-4 and TNF-alpha mRNA induction by PMA and A23187 in human leukemia mast cells, HMC-1. Taken together, these results suggest that anti-allergic action of BGE may be due to the inhibition of histamine release and cytokine gene expression in the mast cells.     

Rubus croceacanthus Leveille inhibits mast cell-mediated anaphylactic-like reaction and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion

This work aims at examining the effect of the concentrated methanol extract of Rubus croceacanthus Leveille (RCL) on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic-like reaction in a murine model. RCL inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic-like reaction. When RCL was given as pre-treatment at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 mg/ml, the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) immunoglobulin E (IgE) was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. RCL also inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-DNP IgE. In addition, RCL inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and A23187-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion from human mast cell line HMC-1 cells. These results indicate that RCL may possess a strong anti-anaphylactic activity.     

Salviae radix root extract inhibits immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic reaction.

We investigated the effects of the aqueous extract of Salviae radix root (SRRAE) on immediate allergic reactions. SRRAE inhibited by 72.7% passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) immunoglobulin E (IgE). SRRAE dose dependently inhibited histamine release and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) by anti-DNP IgE. However, SRRAE showed no significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced systemic allergic reaction and histamine release from RPMCs. The level of cAMP in RPMCs, when SRRAE was added, significantly increased compared with that of a normal control. These results indicate that SRRAE may contain compounds with actions that inhibit anti-DNP IgE-induced mast cell degranulation in rats.     

Inhibition of immediate allergic reactions by ethanol extract from Plumbago zeylanica stems

The antiallergic properties of the 70% ethanol extract from Plumbago zeylanica stems (EPZ) were investigated in the present study. The extract (500, 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylactic shock induced by compound 48/80 in mice, reduced homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and skin reactions induced by histamine or serotonin in rats, significant differences were observed at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. In vitro, EPZ (5, 20, 50 microg/ml) concentration-dependently reduced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells caused by compound 48/80 and antigen. EPZ (50 microg/ml) markedly increased intracellular cAMP content of rat mast cells. These findings demonstrate that EPZ inhibits mast cell-dependent immediate allergic reactions, which is probably mediated by reducing the release of mediators such as histamine from mast cells via elevating intracellular cAMP level and weakening the inflammatory action of mediators.     

Inhibition of immunologic and nonimmunologic stimulation-mediated anaphylactic reactions by water extract of white eggplant (Solanum melongena).

We investigated the effect of water extract of Solanum melongena(SMWE) on immunologic and nonimmunologic stimulation-mediated anaphylactic reactions. Nonimmunologic anaphylactic reaction was induced by compound 48/80 injection. Oral administration of SMWE (1 g kg(-1)) completely inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reaction. Immunologic anaphylactic reaction was generated by sensitizing the skin with anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE followed 48 h later with an injection of antigen. Oral administration of SMWE (0.01--1 g kg(-1)) significantly inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction activated by anti-DNP IgE to between 83.10 +/- 1.67% and 70.17 +/- 2.17%. SMWE (0.01--1 mg ml(-1)) also inhibited histamine release activated by compound 48/80 to between 93 +/- 2.65 and 70 +/- 1.50%. Moreover, SMWE (0.01--1 mg ml(-1)) had a significant inhibitory effect on IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha secretion from rat peritoneal mast cells. These results indicate that SMWE inhibits immunologic and nonimmunologic stimulation-mediated anaphylactic reactions and TNF-alpha secretion from mast cells.     

Anti-allergic effects of nilotinib on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis like reactions

Nilotinib is a new orally bioavailable potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used for the treatment of BCR-ABL-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. However, its effect on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reaction is still not known. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nilotinib on the anaphylactic allergic reaction and study its possible mechanism(s) of action. Nilotinib administration prevented systemic anaphylaxis in mice, mediated by compound 48/80, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Also, nilotinib significantly inhibited (P<0.05) allergic paw edema in rats. Furthermore, nilotinib significantly decreased (P<0.05) the IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in a dose dependent manner. In addition, nilotinib dose-dependently reduced histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells activated either by compound 48/80 or by ovalbumin. Moreover, nilotinib attenuated the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in the rat peritoneal mast cells. These findings provide evidence that nilotinib inhibits mast cell-derived immediate-type allergic reactions and so it could be a candidate as an anti-allergic agent.     

Inhibitory effect of schizandrin on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and scratching behaviors in mice

To evaluate the antiallergic effect of the fruit of Schizandra chinensis Baill (Family Magnoliaceae), which inhibited the mouse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in a preliminary experiment, its main constituent, schizandrin, was isolated and its antiallergic effect investigated. Schizandrin inhibited the PCA reaction induced by the IgE-antigen complex, the scratching behaviors induced by compound 48/80 and the serum IgE production induced by ovalbumin. Schizandrin also inhibited the in vitro degranulation of compound 48/80-induced rat peritoneal mast cells and IgE-induced RBL 2H3 cells. Schizandrin reduced the protein expressions of TNF-alpha and IL-4 in IgE-induced RBL 2H3 cells. These findings suggest that schizandrin can improve IgE-induced anaphylaxis and scratching behaviors.     

Ixeris dentata green sap inhibits both compound 48/80-induced aanaphylaxis-like response and IgE-mediated anaphylactic response in murine model

We studied the inhibitory effect of the green sap of Ixeris dentata (IXD) on compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis-like response in a murine model. IXD dose-dependently inhibited the anaphylaxis-like response induced by compound 48/80 in mice. IXD inhibited the anaphylaxis-like fatal response at the dose of 0.1 g/kg by 75%. IXD had a significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced ear swelling response at the doses of 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg. IXD (0.1 g/kg) also inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis mediated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE by 81.45%. When IXD was given as a pretreatment at concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 0.1 g/l, the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that IXD may possess antianaphylactic activity.