混悬剂用助悬剂的研究进展

目的对助悬剂为混悬剂型液体药剂的稳定性研究进展作一综述。方法收集近十年内相关文献,并对其进行整理、总结。结果目前较多的助悬剂用于混悬剂的研究。结论虽然助悬剂得到了发展,但还需要进一步发展对人体毒副作用更小的助悬剂。     

卡波姆934对炉甘石薄荷脑洗剂稳定性的影响

目的：筛选三种高分子助悬剂,以提高炉甘石薄荷脑洗剂的稳定性.方法：采用沉降容积比法和重新振摇分散法以考查三种助悬剂的助悬效果.结果：卡波姆934对炉甘石薄荷脑洗剂的助悬效果优于另外两种助悬剂.结论：卡波姆934作为助悬剂可以提高炉甘石洗剂的稳定性,值得推广.     

溃结Ⅰ号的制备与稳定性考察

目的提高医院临时处方溃结Ⅰ号保留灌肠剂的稳定性,并对其中的主要成分含量进行控制。方法制备时加入助悬剂,用沉降容积比和再分散性选择适宜的助悬剂及其最佳助悬浓度,并用紫外分光光度法对主要成分柳氮磺吡啶的含量进行测定。结果在制剂中加入卡波母作为助悬剂0.15%就可以达到良好的助悬效果,而且制备的制剂再分散性好。结论加入卡波母作为助悬剂制备的制剂稳定,再分散性好,便于使用和保存。     

几种新型助悬剂用于硫糖铝混悬液的助悬效果观察比较

本文用离心沉降法评价了几种新型助悬剂对硫糖铝混悬液的助悬效果，找到了适用于硫糖铝混悬液的较好助悬剂为：１％的皂土及０．５５％的琼脂加工品。     

几种助悬剂对复方硫洗剂助悬性能的考察

目的 :选择复方硫洗剂的最佳助悬剂。方法 :用动力学、流变学的方法考察选用不同助悬剂的复方硫洗剂的稳定性。结果 :西黄蓍胶的助悬效果好且有触变性 ;膨润土使制剂的稳定性增加 ,但触变性有所改变 ,与新洁尔灭合用后助悬性能增强。结论 :西黄蓍胶和膨润土 +新洁尔灭是复方硫洗剂的理想助悬剂     

溃结I号的制备与稳定性考察

目的：提高医院临时处方溃结号保留灌肠剂的稳定性,并对其中的主要成分含量进行控制,方法：制备时加入助悬剂,用沉降容积比和再分散性选择适宜的助悬剂及其最佳助悬浓度,并用紫外分光光度法对主要成分抑氮磺吡啶的含量进行测定。结果：在制剂中加入卡波母作为助悬剂0．15％就可以达到良好的助悬效果,而且制备的制剂再分散性好。结论：加入卡波母作为助悬剂制备的制剂稳定,再分散性好,便于使用和保存。     

HPMC作为助悬剂的头孢丙烯干混悬剂的处方研究

目的 制备处方简单,稳定性好的头孢丙烯的干混悬剂.方法 以羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟丙甲纤维素(HPMC)等对头孢丙烯的助悬效果进行研究和对比,以沉降体积比和溶液性状为主要考察指标进行助悬剂的筛选.结果 选择2％ HPMC为助悬剂,所制干混悬剂的工艺简单、稳定性良好,形成的混悬液符合干混悬剂的各项质量指标,该处方适用于大规模生产.结论 所制备的头孢丙烯干混悬剂可达到干混悬剂的要求,制剂质量稳定.     

几种助悬剂对复方硫洗剂助悬性能的考察

目的：将3种常用助悬剂及膨润土用于复方硫洗剂,选择最佳悬剂。方法：用动力学、流变学的方法考察不同复方硫洗剂的稳定剂。结果：西黄著的助悬效果好且有触变性,膨润土使制剂的稳定性增加,但触变性有所改变,与苯扎溴铵合用后助悬性能增强,结论：西黄著胶,膨润土＋苯扎溴铵是复方硫洗剂的理想助悬剂。     

格列齐特混悬剂的制备及物理稳定性的研究

目的制备格列齐特混悬剂并对其物理稳定性进行考察.方法考察助悬剂的性质(密度,流变特性),以沉降体积比和再分散性为评价指标对制得的混悬剂进行评价.结果聚丙烯酸树脂(carbopol)和微晶纤维素(avicel)助悬效果较好.结论选取合适的助悬剂可制得物理稳定性良好的格列齐特混悬剂.     

格列齐特混悬剂的制备及物理稳定性的研究

目的制备格列齐特混悬剂并对其物理稳定性进行考察。方法考察助悬剂的性质(密度,流变特性),以沉降体积比和再分散性为评价指标对制得的混悬剂进行评价。结果聚丙烯酸树脂(carbopol)和微晶纤维素(avicel)助悬效果较好。结论选取合适的助悬剂可制得物理稳定性良好的格列齐特混悬剂。     

不同助悬剂对炉甘石雷佛奴尔洗剂稳定性的研究

目的 考察不同助悬剂对炉甘石雷佛奴尔洗剂稳定性的影响.方法 选用黄原胶、卡波姆、羧甲基纤维素钠+硅皂土、羧甲基纤维素钠+枸橼酸钠为助悬剂,以沉降容积比、絮凝度和重新分散为质量评价指标对制得的炉甘石雷佛奴尔洗剂进行稳定性比较.结果 以黄原胶为助悬剂制得的炉甘石雷佛奴尔洗剂的微粒细腻均匀,沉降缓慢,不结块,稳定性好.结论 不同助悬剂对炉甘石雷佛奴尔洗剂稳定性的影响比较大,选取合适的助悬剂可制得稳定性良好的炉甘石雷佛奴尔洗剂.     

Controlled flocculation of coarse suspensions by colloidally dispersed solids I: Interaction of bismuth subnitrate with bentonite.

Deflocculated suspensions of coarse powders tend to cake as the individual particles settle out and form compact, cohesive sediments. Limited flocculation results in looser sediments because the settled-out flocs incorporate large amounts of the liquid suspending medium. Controlled flocculation of bismuth subnitrate suspensions was achieved by the addition of small amounts of bentonite. The interaction of the coarse, positively charge bismuth subnitrate particles in aqueous suspension with negatively charged, colloidally dispersed bentonite was investigated by measuring electrophoretic mobility, sedimentation volume, and viscosity. Gradual addition of bentonite dispersion to bismuth subnitrate suspensions first reduced the zeta-potential of the bismuth subnitrate particles from +28 mv to zero, then inverted it, and finally caused it to level off at -20 mv for bismuth subnitrate-bentonite weight ratios below 200. Owing to the much greater specific surface area of bentonite, the surface of the bismuth subnitrate lath-shaped crystals was completely covered by 0.5% of its weight in clay platelets. Adhesion was promoted by electrovalences between surface bismuthyl ions and cation-exchange sites of the clay and by secondary valences. The charge neutralization of bismuth subnitrate by bentonite was a heterocoagulation process: the addition of small amounts of the clay flocculated the bismuth subnitrate suspensions and eliminated caking. While the zeta-potential of the bismuth subnitrate particles leveled off when their surface was saturated with bentonite platelets, sedimentation volume and viscosity continued to increase when the clay concentration was increased further while maintaining the bismuth subnitrate concentration constant. The excess, nonadsorbed bentonite formed the characteristic house-of-cards structure, incorporating the bentonite-coated bismuth subnitrate particles as cornerstones.     

萘丁美酮干混悬剂的制备及其初步稳定性研究

目的　制备萘丁美酮干混悬剂。方法　考察常用的羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚维酮、黄原胶、甲基纤维素等辅料对干混悬剂的影响。通过对其沉降体积比、再分散性指标的考察 ,筛选了 2 %HPMC助悬剂 ,并从流变学、混悬剂黏度及显微形态等方面对其稳定性进行了研究。同时考察了药物加速实验下粒子形态的稳定性。结果　所制干混悬剂工艺简单、稳定性良好 ,形成的混悬液符合干混悬剂的各项质量指标。结论　所制备的萘丁美酮干混悬剂可达到干混悬剂要求 ,制剂质量稳定。     

消旋卡多曲干混悬液的制备与稳定性考察

目的 制备消旋卡多曲干混悬液. 方法 考察常用的羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚维酮、黄原胶、甲基纤维素等辅料对干混悬液的影响.通过对其沉降体积比、再分散性指标的考察,筛选了2%HPMC助悬剂,并从流变学、混悬液黏度及显微形态等方面对其稳定性进行了研究. 同时考察药物加速实验下粒子形态的稳定性.结果 所制干混悬液工艺简单、稳定性良好,形成的混悬液符合干混悬液的各项质量指标. 结论 该法所制备的消旋卡多曲干混悬液可达到干混悬液要求,制剂质量稳定.     

Cellular uptake and cytotoxic potential of respirable bentonite particles with different quartz contents and chemical modifications in human lung fibroblasts

Considering the biological reactivity of pure quartz in lung cells, there is a strong interest to clarify the cellular effects of respirable siliceous dusts, like bentonites. In the present study, we investigated the cellular uptake and the cytotoxic potential of bentonite particles (Ø< 10 μm) with an α-quartz content of up to 6% and different chemical modifications (activation: alkaline, acidic, organic) in human lung fibroblasts (IMR90). Additionally, the ability of the particles to induce apoptosis in IMR90-cells and the hemolytic activity was tested. All bentonite samples were tested for endotoxins with the in vitro-Pyrogen test and were found to be negative. Cellular uptake of particles by IMR90-cells was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cytotoxicity was analyzed in IMR90-cells by determination of viable cells using flow cytometry and by measuring of the cell respiratory activity. Induced apoptotic cells were detected by AnnexinV/Propidiumiodide-staining and gel electrophoresis. Our results demonstrate that activated bentonite particles are better taken up by IMR90-cells than untreated (native) bentonite particles. Also, activated bentonite particles with a quartz content of 5–6% were more cytotoxic than untreated bentonites or bentonites with a quartz content lower than 4%. The bentonite samples induced necrotic as well as apoptotic cell death. In general, bentonites showed a high membrane-damaging potential shown as hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes. We conclude that cellular effects of bentonite particles in human lung cells are enhanced after chemical treatment of the particles. The cytotoxic potential of the different bentonites is primarily characterized by a strong lysis of the cell membrane.     

富马酸氯马斯汀干混悬剂的制备及稳定性研究

目的：制备富马酸氯马斯汀干混悬剂。方法：考察常用的羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、聚维酮(PVPK90)、黄原胶、甲基纤维素(MC)等辅料对干混悬剂的影响。通过对其沉降体积比、再分散性指标的考察，筛选了2％HPMC作为助悬剂，从流变学、混悬剂黏度及显微形态的观察对其稳定性进行研究。同时考察了药物在加速试验下粒子形态的稳定性。结果：所制干混悬剂工艺简单、稳定性良好，形成混悬液，符合干混悬剂的各项质量标准。结论：本品达到干混悬剂要求，制剂质量稳定。