硫酸镁不同剂量和速度静注对家兔心率,血压及心脏复跳的影响

为探讨硫酸镁（ＭＳ）不同剂量与速度静注对家兔心率（ＨＲ）、平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）的心脏复跳的影响。分别用ＭＳ以０．１、１、３０、６０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｍｉｎ的速度静注１０只家兔，各维持１５ｍｉｎ，观察其ＨＲ和ＭＡＰ变化，再以１２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｍｉｎ的速度静注到家兔心脏停搏，停搏后立即停注，同时行心脏按摩和静注异丙肾上腺素０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，２ｍｉｎ后再静注新福林１ｍｇ／ｋｇ。结果：０．１、１ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｍｉ     

麻醉前应用阿托品对气道分泌物作用的临床研究

目的 评价麻醉前应用阿托品对呼吸道腺体分泌的作用。方法 ３０例ＡＳＡ１～２级成人择期手术的病人随机分为３组、Ａ组术前３０ｍｉｎ肌肉注射０．５ｍｇ阿托品和安定１０ｍｇ,麻醉诱导为安定０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ、芬太尼２．０μｇ／ｋｇ、太喷妥钠５ｍｇ／ｋｇ及琥珀胆碱２ｍｇ／ｋｇ,Ｂ组与Ａ组相同,术前不用阿托品,Ｃ组蔡太尼的剂量为４．０μｇ／ｋｇ,余均同Ｂ组。麻醉前用药后与麻醉诱导前记录病人的口腔干燥程度、与气管     

大鼠内毒素性休克肺ET—1mRNA和bcl—2的表达及山莨菪碱,地 …

目的 探讨内皮素（ＥＴ）－１ｍＲＮＡ和原癌基因ｂｃｌ－２在大鼠内毒素性休克肺损伤中的作用及山莨菪碱、地塞米松对肺的保护作用。方法 ２４只ＳＤ大鼠随机分为４组（ｎ＝６）：Ⅰ组（对照组）静注等量生理盐水;Ⅱ组（休克组）静脉注射脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）５ｍｇ／ｋｇ;Ⅲ组静注山莨菪碱４ｍｇ／ｋｇ后０．５ｈ再静注ＬＰＳ５ｍｇ／ｋｇ;Ⅳ组静注地塞米松４ｍｇ／ｋｇ后０．５ｈ再静注ＬＰＳ５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。观察５ｈ后取肺组织测     

异丙酚—芬太尼麻醉诱导的临床观察

目的：观察异丙酚－芬太尼麻醉诱导过程中的心血管反应,方法择期全麻手术病人３０例,分为〈５０岁（Ａ）组和≥５５岁（Ｂ）组。Ａ组用异丙酚２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ、芬太尼３μｇ／ｋｇ、维库溴铵０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ;Ｂ组用异丙酚２．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、芬太尼１．５μｇ／ｋｇ、维库溴铵０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ,静脉诱导气管插管。观察两病人不同时期ＳＢＰ、ＤＢＰ、ＭＡＰ、ＨＲ和ＳｐＯ２的变化。结果两组病人诱导后ＳＨＰ、ＤＢＰ、ＭＡＰ、     

分枝杆菌多糖对小鼠造血功能的影响

观察了分枝杆菌多糖（ＭＰＳ）对环磷酰胺抑制ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠骨髓作用的影响。结果表明：给予ＣＰＡ使小鼠骨髓ＧＭ－ＣＦＵ抑制约３０％左右。１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的ＭＰＳ对ＧＭ－ＣＦＵ有促进作用（第１批实验ＣＰＡ对照组３１６．５±３４．６，实验１组４５４．５±１９．１，Ｐ＜０．０５；第２批实验ＣＰＡ对照组２０８．７±４３．７，实验２组４３７．８±５４．１，Ｐ＜０．０２）；而０．１５ｍｇ／ｋｇＭＰＳ无促进作用。在０．１５和１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量下，小鼠血清ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ活性水平明显提高；０．１５和１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇＭＰＳ可分别刺激小鼠每０．１ｍＬ血清产生５００Ｕ和８５０ＵＧＭ－ＣＳＦ。分析认为ＭＰＳ与日本的Ｚ－１００活性水平相当，这些作用可能通过激活单核或Ｔ细胞而间接产生。     

利多卡因预防异丙酚静注痛的最佳剂量探讨

为探讨利多卡因预防异丙酚静注痛的最佳剂量，１２０例ＡＳＡＩ～Ⅱ级择期手术患者，随机分为例数相等的四组，Ｉ组：异丙酚，Ⅱ组：异丙酚＋利多卡因０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ；Ⅲ组：异丙酚＋利多卡因０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ⅳ组：异丙酚＋利多卡因０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。异丙酚的用量均为２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，结果：Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ组异丙酚静注痛的发生率明显低于Ｉ组（Ｐ〈０．０１～０．０５），而Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ组间异丙酚静注痛的发生率无显著性差异（Ｐ     

人参茎叶皂甙和人参根皂甙及赛庚啶对大鼠主动回避反应的影响

本文研究了人参茎叶皂甙（ＧＳＬＳ）和人参根皂甙（ＧＲＳ）及赛庚啶（ＣＹＤ）对大鼠穿梭箱主动回避反应的影响学习和记忆成绩用回避反应率（ＡＲ）和回避潜伏期（ＡＬ）评价．多次用药后，ＧＳＬＳ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ通过显著增加ＡＲ和显著缩短ＡＬ而易化了１０月龄雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ种鼠单路回避反应的学习和记忆获得，但损害了雄性大鼠双路回避反应的学习获得．多次腹腔注射ＧＳＬＳ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ和ＧＲＳ４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ均相似显著改善了由东莨菪碱（０．８ｍｇ／ｋｇ）损害的Ｓｐｒａｇｕｅ－Ｄａｗｌｅｙ大鼠单路回避反应的学习和记忆获得．此处，单次腹腔注射ＣＹＤ０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ通过显著减少ＡＲ和显著延长ＡＬ而损害了雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠双路回避反应的学习的记忆获得．     

艾司洛尔与乌拉地尔预防气管插管心血管反应的比较

目的 研究艾司洛尔与乌拉地尔预防气管插管心血管反应的效果。方法 ６０例（ＡＳＡ Ⅰ～Ⅱ级）全麻择期手术患者,随机分为Ｅ（ｅｓｍｏｌｏｌ）３０例,Ｕ（ｕｒａｐｉｄｉｌ）３０例２组。诱导用药为芬太尼２．０μｇ／ｋｇ、硫贲妥钠４～５ｍｇ／ｋｇ、司可林１～２ｍｇ／ｋｇ,Ｕ、Ｅ两组在静注芬太尼后分别静注乌拉地尔０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ、艾司洛尔１ｍｇ／ｋｇ。观察插管后１、３、５、１０ｍｉｎＳＰ、ＭＡＰ、ＨＲ的变化并     

压宁定预防气管插管时心血管反应的临床研究

选择４０例ＡＳＡⅠ，Ⅱ级和心肺功能正常的神经外科择期手术病人，将其随机分为４组，麻醉诱导期静注不同剂量的压宁定，评估对气管插管时心血管反应的预防效果。结果表明，压宁定０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ对气管插管反应有一定减缓作用，但效果不甚满意，压宁定０．７５ｍｇ／ｋｇ或１ｍｇ／ｋｇ可较有效地预防气管插管时心血管反应，并可维持较好的血流动力学变化。     

一氧化氮合成酶抑制剂对孕鼠肾脏及胎盘的影响

研究一氧化氮合成酶抑制剂对孕鼠肾脏及胎盘的影响，探讨一氧化氮在妊娠高血压综合征发病机制中的作用。选择Ⅱ级ＳＤ大鼠随机分为３组，自妊娠第１６天开始每天腹腔注射生理盐水，ＮＯＳ抑制剂亚硝基左氨酸甲酯（Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ）６５ｍｇ／ｋｇ或Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ６５ｍｇ／ｋｇ＋硝酸甘油１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，连续注射５ｄ，第２１天取眶静脉血，处死母鼠。     

奥昔麻黄碱对肾上腺素加冰水诱致大鼠高血粘度的影响

本文通过肾上腺素加冰水应激诱致大鼠高血粘模型,分组观察奥昔麻黄碱的作用,实验结果证明:奥昔麻黄碱对模型大鼠动、静脉高血粘度均有显著降低作用,且以静脉高血粘度降低尤为显著.其作用与降低血浆粘度.红细胞比容,纤维蛋白原粘度和红细胞聚集等血粘因素有关.     

银杏叶提取物与阿司匹林抗血栓栓塞作用的比较研究

目的 探讨银杏叶提取物(Ginkgo biloba extracts,GBE)对血栓栓塞的作用及机制,与小剂量阿司匹林对比研究.方法 通过在体电刺激颈动脉制备大鼠血栓栓塞模型,动态观察颈动脉栓塞形成程度同时观察血管栓塞显微照片,研究评价在相当人临床用量的GBE和小剂量阿司匹林对血栓栓塞的抑制作用;采用放免法测定血栓形成大鼠血浆前列环素和血栓素的含量,研究探讨GBE抑制血栓形成的机制.采取冷应激法制备大鼠血液流变学病理模型,测定全血粘度、血浆粘度、血沉和细胞压积指标,研究和评价GBE和小剂量阿司匹林对血液流变学的影响.结果 6.7 mg/kg GBE、20 mg/kg GBE和9 mg/kg阿司匹林均使大鼠颈动脉栓塞程度明显减轻,明显对抗电刺激引发的血栓素升高和前列环素水平下降;20 mg/kg GBE和9 mg/kg阿司匹林均明显减轻应激状态全血粘度、血浆粘度和细胞压积指标的增高,6.7 mg/kg GBE仅能抑制细胞压积的增高.通过对比分析,9 mg/kg阿司匹林抑制血栓栓塞和血液流变学异常增高作用,强于6.7 mg/kg GBE组,与20 mg/kg GBE组基本相当.结论 相当人临床用量的GBE对大鼠血栓栓塞有抑制作用,明显弱于小剂量阿司匹林,可对抗血浆前列环素和血栓素的异常变化,对多种血液流变学指标异常增高的影响不明显;剂量提高3倍的GBE,对抗大鼠血栓栓塞和血液流变学异常增高作用,与小剂量阿司匹林基本相当.     

阿斯匹林、奥昔麻黄碱及两者并用对大鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

采用显微电视录像系统，观察了大鼠肠系膜动、静脉血流速度，血流状态、血管管径及毛细血管开放数目的变化，证实了阿斯匹林（ＡＳＡ）和奥昔麻黄碱（ＯＸＹ）均具改善大鼠肠系膜微循环作用，两者合用呈协同效应。其作用机制可能与两者均有抗血小板聚积作用，改善血液流变性有关。     

The effect of ethanol on spermatogenesis and fertility in male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with acetylsalicylic acid

Prenatal alcohol is associated with a variety of developmental abnormalies, including neuroanatomical, physical and behavioural features. This study was designed to determine the effects of administration of alcohol, exemplified mostly by ethanol (15 ml/kg, 25%, v/v) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 15 mg/kg) as a representative of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, individually and their combination (ethanol 15 ml/kg, 25%, v/v ASA 15 mg/kg) on semen quality and fertility after paternal intraperitoneal administration in Sprague-Dawley rats. In the combination study, the rats received ASA about 1 hour before ethanol administration. The combination experiments were conducted to determine if the effects of ethanol can be prevented by pre-treatment with acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) which has been reported to antagonise the rate-depressant effects of ethanol. All animals received this treatment for ten weeks. Semen parameters were determined and compared with controls. The result showed that when given alone, ethanol significantly reduced the sperm density and percentage of motile spermatozoa relative to controls. Pre-treatment with ASA failed to stop the decrease in sperm density and percentage motility caused by ethanol. Moreover none of the experimental male rats was able to fertilize the females exposed to them despite successful mating demonstrated by the presence of sperm plug. The present study demonstrates that chronic consumption of ethanol or ingestion of ASA has toxic effect on spermatozoa and impairs fertility in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Moreover, pre-treatment with ASA has no effect on the deleterious effects caused by ethanol.     

奥昔麻黄碱对肾上腺素加冰水诱致大鼠心肌坏死的影响

本文通过肾上腺素加冰水应激诱致大鼠心肌坏死模型,光、电镜下分别观察奥昔麻黄碱对该模型的影响.实验证明:本品明显减轻模型之心肌坏死改变,提示该作用与本品降低高血粘度.增强血液流变性作用密切相关.     

Effect of caffeine on antinociceptive action of ketoprofen in rats

BACKGROUND: To assess a possible synergistic antinociceptive interaction, the antinociceptive effects of ketoprofen (KET), and caffeine (CAF) administered either separately or in combinations were determined in a model of arthritic pain. METHODS: Antinociceptive activity was assayed using "ellipsis pain-induced functional impairment in the rat" (PIFIR model). The antinociceptive efficacies were evaluated using several dose-response curves and time courses. The antinociceptive effects from the combination that produced the greater effect were compared with the maximal antinociceptive effect of either morphine, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or KET alone. The animals were administered with 0.05 mL intra-articular (i.a.) of uric acid to induce nociception. Groups of six rats received orally either ASA, morphine (MOR), KET, CAF, or a combination KET + CAF (24 combinations). RESULTS: ASA (ED(50) 465.2 +/- 1.5 mg/kg), MOR (ED(50) 71.0 +/- 1.6 mg/kg), and KET (ED(50) 7.2 +/- 1.4 mg/kg) alone induced dose-dependent antinociception, whereas CAF alone showed no activity at the assayed doses. Nine combinations showed various degrees of potentiation (p <0.01), while the remainder exhibited the antinociceptive effect of KET only. Combinations of 17.8 mg/kg CAF with either 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6, or 10.0 mg/kg KET yielded the highest antinociceptive potentiations. For example, antinociceptive effect was 125.6 +/- 21.4 area units (au) with KET (3.2 mg/kg) alone, but the combination with CAF (17.8 mg/kg) showed 309.5 +/- 10.3 au. The median effective dose (ED(50)) of KET alone was 7.2 +/- 1.4 mg/kg, whereas the ED(50) of KET + CAF 17.8 mg/kg was 0.4 +/- 0.6 mg/kg: KET in the presence of CAF was approximately 18 times more potent than the analgesic drug without CAF. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that CAF was able to potentiate the analgesia of KET, but only at selected dose combinations: CAF in the doses of 10.0 and 17.8 mg/kg was able to potentiate the analgesic effect of KET, the most efficacious drug combination being CAF 17.8 mg/kg + KET 3.2 mg/kg. The combination of analgesic drugs and CAF can produce better antinociceptive effects than the analgesic drug alone. This knowledge will permit the selection of the therapeutically most effective combination ratio of drugs, employing lower doses of each drug.     

辛伐他汀和阿司匹林联合用药对野百合碱诱导肺动脉高压大鼠的研究

目的观察联合应用辛伐他汀和阿司匹林对野百合碱诱导大鼠肺循环血流动力学和肺小动脉重构的作用。方法 60只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为5组：对照组、肺动脉高压组、辛伐他汀组、阿司匹林组和联合用药组。野百合碱（60 mg/kg）皮下注射后第1 d至第28 d,分别给予辛伐他汀（2 mg/kg）、阿司匹林（1 mg/kg）或两药联合每日1次灌胃。右心导管测定肺动脉平均压（mPAP）,以右心室/（左心室＋室间隔）比值作为评价右心室肥厚的指标（RVHI）。病理图像分析系统测定并计算动脉管壁直径%以评价肺血管重构严重程度。ELISA方法测定肺组织匀浆白细胞介素6（IL-6）水平。结果与肺动脉高压组比较,辛伐他汀、阿司匹林均可显著降低mPAP（34.1±8.4）mm Hg、（38.3±7.1）mm Hg比（48.4±7.8）mm Hg],抑制肺小动脉管壁增厚（P〈0.05）。与单药组比较,联合用药对mPAP、RVHI和肺小动脉重构的抑制作用更显著,并且联合药物进一步降低了肺组织IL-6水平和肺动脉周围炎症评分（P〈0.05）。结论辛伐他汀和阿司匹林联合应用对野百合碱诱导肺动脉高压大鼠的干预作用优于单药,其机制可能与两药的协同抗炎作用有关。     

巴曲酶联合阿司匹林治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的 探讨巴曲酶与阿司匹林联合治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和安全性.方法 将93例确诊为急性脑梗死患者按住院的先后顺序,按随机数字表平均分成3组,分别检测治疗前后血小板计数、血小板聚集率、纤维蛋白原、高切应力、红细胞比容、血栓烷B2(TXB2)、出血(包括颅内出血及其它脏器出血)的发生率,并进行统计分析.结果 单用阿司匹林组(...     

一氧化氮前体- 左旋精氨酸相关肽对大鼠血液流变性、凝血纤溶系统影响的初步研究

目的 观察左旋精氨酸相关肽（L-ArgX）对大鼠血液流变性及凝血、纤溶系统的影响。方法 24只SD雄性大鼠随机分为3组,分别灌服乙酰水杨酸（ASA）36 mg/kg(b.w.、L-ArgX 61.4 mg/kg(b.w.及同体积空白对照液,每日1次,共8 d。观察大鼠血液流变性及凝血、纤溶系统相关指标的变化,并与ASA组对比。结果 L-ArgX可明显降低全血表观粘度、还原粘度、红细胞压积（HCT）和血浆粘度。L-ArgX还可延长血浆复钙时间、白陶士部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）及凝血酶原时间。结论L-ArgX可能通过L-Arg-NO（一氧化氮）代谢通路发挥抗血栓、改善血液流变性作用。     

巴曲酶联合肠溶阿司匹林治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察

目的:探讨巴曲酶与阿司匹林联合治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和安全性。方法:将62例急性脑梗死患者分成单用阿司匹林组(ASA组)23例、单用巴曲酶组(巴曲酶组)15例及两者联合治疗组(联合治疗组)24例,观察治疗前后血小板计数、血小板聚集率、纤维蛋白原、高切应力、红细胞压积、凝血功能、卒中量表评分(NIHSS)及生活自理能力(MBI)的变化,并比较出血(包括颅内出血及其他脏器出血)的发生率。结果:3组治疗后血小板聚集率(60s、180s及最大聚集率)均有显著性差异(P<0.05),联合治疗组作用最明显(P<0.05),巴曲酶组及联合治疗组血纤维蛋白原水平、血高切应力均降低(P<0.005,P<0.01)。生活自理能力恢复联合治疗组(75.80%)优于巴曲酶组(47.11%)和ASA组(18.45%)。出血发生率3组之间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。2个月时3组NIHSS、MBI比较显示联合治疗组神经功能恢复明显优于其他两组(均P<0.001)。结论:巴曲酶联合阿司匹林治疗急性脑梗死疗效优于单药治疗,且安全性好。