部分脾栓塞治疗门脉高压性脾功能亢进的临床研究

目的:研究部分脾栓塞治疗门静脉高压性脾功能亢进的临床意义。方法:采用Seldinger技术经股动脉插入导管至脾动脉,对15例门静脉高压、脾功能亢进患者应用40％碘化油、明胶海绵颗粒及明胶海绵条行脾脏50％～70％栓塞治疗。结果:术后3个月,脾脏明显缩小,白细胞和血小板明显回升,凝血酶原时间缩短,B超下显示门静脉、脾静脉及脾动脉缩小,随访2年患者无食道静脉曲张破裂出血及腹水出现。结论:该方法近期疗效肯定,安全、微创,适合临床普及推广。     

部分脾动脉栓塞术治疗肝炎肝硬化脾功能亢进症36例临床分析

目的探讨部分脾动脉栓塞术(PSE)治疗肝炎肝硬化并发脾功能亢进及门静脉高压症的疗效和安全性。方法采用Seldinger技术用明胶海绵进行超选择性脾动脉栓塞治疗36例肝炎肝硬化并脾功能亢进患者,观察术前及术后各时段血象、脾脏大小、门静脉宽度变化。结果术后白细胞及血小板明显上升,3个月后稳定在正常水平,术前及术后红细胞无明显变化,3个月后脾脏明显缩小,门静脉宽度也不同程度缩小,术后无严重并发症发生。结论PSE治疗肝炎肝硬化并发脾功能亢进症疗效肯定,安全性高,并能降低门静脉压力,从而预防上消化道出血。     

脾动脉阻断技术在射频消融治疗门脉高压性脾功能亢进症中的应用

目的探讨脾动脉阻断技术联合脾脏射频消融（RFA）治疗门静脉高压性脾功能亢进症（脾亢）的有效性和临床应用前景。方法对阻断或未阻断脾动脉主干的接受脾脏RFA治疗的肝硬化性门静脉高压合并重症脾亢患者,分析随访6个月的临床疗效;并评估脾动脉阻断对肝硬化合并脾动脉盗血综合征的治疗效果。结果阻断或未阻断脾动脉主干的接受脾脏RFA治疗的门脉高压性脾亢患者各15例,术后未发生严重并发症。阻断脾动脉后实施脾脏RFA组消融（56±35）%脾脏体积,较未阻断脾动脉组消融体积（38±21）%显著增加（P〈0.01）;且阻断脾动脉组治疗后血小板计数、Child-Pugh评分和分级改善明显优于未阻断脾动脉组。合并巨脾的脾动脉阻断组15例患者经影像学诊断都符合脾动脉盗血综合征诊断,经脾动脉栓塞（13例）和脾动脉结扎（2例）后肝动脉内径显著增粗,肝动脉供血明显改善。结论脾动脉阻断联合脾脏射频消融术是治疗门静脉高压性脾亢,可以显著提高脾亢治疗的安全性和有效性,同时纠正脾动脉盗血综合征和有效改善肝功能。     

超选择脾部分栓塞术治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进症及门静脉高压15例

目的评价超选择脾部分栓塞术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压、脾功能亢进的疗效。方法应用seldinger's技术超选择栓塞15例研究对象脾中下极动脉,栓塞面积40%～60%,多角度评价治疗效果。结果超选择脾部分栓塞术能有效提升白血球、血小板值且疗效稳定,红血球提升相对较慢;门静脉高压得到迅速降低,病人的出血、腹水、纳差、乏力等临床症状明显改善,毒副反应少,无严重栓塞后并发症发生。结论应用超选择脾部分栓塞术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压、脾功能亢进可取得很好疗效,毒副反应少见。     

脾动脉部分栓塞术治疗脾功能亢进症的疗效观察

目的观察部分脾动脉栓塞术（PSE）治疗脾功能亢进的疗效。方法采用PSE治疗脾功能亢进83例患者,观察其对肝功能的影响。结果 PSE治疗后患者WBC、PLC、ALB和PTA升高,ALT、TBIL降低（P〈0.01）。结论 PSE治疗脾功能亢进有一定的疗效。     

部分性脾动脉栓塞治疗原发性肝癌并脾功能亢进效果观察

目的探讨部分性脾栓塞术治疗肝癌并脾功能亢进（脾亢）的临床效果。方法对60例肝癌并脾亢患者行部分性脾栓塞术：超选择插管至脾下极动脉分支采用明胶海绵颗粒行部分性脾栓塞术,栓塞范围为30%～40%。术前及术后1 d、7 d、1个月、2个月行外周血WBC及PLT检测;术后1～2个月行血管造影、B超、CT检查观察脾脏影像学变化。结果术后WBC及PLT明显升高,且随时间延长逐渐升高,P均〈0.05。血管造影显示栓塞后脾动脉的分支减少或脾动脉段分支闭塞、中断,实质期可见脾脏染色区域减少,中下极及周围区域呈不同程度染色缺损区。B超示脾脏有不同程度梗死,体积无明显变化;CT平扫提示脾脏中下极均有大面积梗死区。结论部分性脾动脉栓塞治疗肝癌并脾亢患者能有效改善外周血象,为行肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）介入治疗提供条件。     

肝动脉及部分脾动脉栓塞治疗肝癌伴脾功能亢进

目的：临床采用肝动脉栓塞化疗联合部分脾动脉栓治疗原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进的效。方法：住院原了肝癌伴肝硬化脾功能亢进患者３４例,采用经皮穿刺肝动脉插管化疗栓塞及脾动脉部分栓塞治疗。治疗前后行检测肝功能、指标、外周血及Ｂ超、ＣＴ等。结果：术后ＣＴ随访显示肝脏瘤体缩小２４例,占７０．５８％（２４／３４）,其中缩小５０％以上者１３例,２例治疗后肝功能行二期抹切除;脾脏栓塞后ＣＴ复查缩小,最多３４．７％,最     

部分脾动脉栓塞术对肝硬化门静脉高压症血流动力学的影响

目的探讨部分脾动脉栓塞术（PSE）治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的临床疗效及应用价值。方法 23例不同原因肝硬化门静脉高压患者行PSE治疗,PSE术前及术后1周、1、3、6个月彩色多普勒分别检测患者门静脉和脾静脉的内径、血流速度,计算血流量,并与PSE术前配对分析。结果术后各期患者脾静脉、门静脉血流速度及血流量较术前降低（P〈0.05）;脾静脉内径术后各期与术前相比明显缩小（P〈0.05）;而门静脉主干内径术后6个月内缩小不明显（P〉0.05）。结论 PSE能有效的降低门静脉压力。     

部分性脾动脉栓塞术对肝硬化患者易致消化道出血因素的影响

目的探讨部分性脾动脉栓塞术对肝硬化患者预防消化道出血的作用。方法将49例患者按人选顺序随机分为治疗组28例、对照组21例。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上给予部分性脾动脉栓塞术，并于术前、术后7d、术后1个月、术后6个月、术后1年，分别观察血常规、凝血酶原时问、肝功能、B超及胃镜检查。结果术后7d治疗组外周血血小板、白细胞计数明显上升，显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。凝血酶原时间明眵缩短，显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）。术后6个月及1年治疗组食管静脉曲张明显好转，其好转率较埘照组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01、P〈0．05）。术后6个月及1年，治疗组门脉高压性胃病的好转率显著高于对照组（P〈0．01、P〈0．05）。结论部分性脾动脉栓塞术对肝硬化患者易致消化道出血的3个因素均有明显疗效，值得推广应用。     

部分性脾栓塞治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的临床分析

对进行部分性脾栓塞术的30例肝硬化脾功能亢进患者进行临床分析。采用seldinger技术经股动脉插入5F cobra导管至脾动脉主干进脾门部，进行部分栓塞术。30例中有28例肺功能亢进缓解并降低门静脉高压。结论：部分性脾栓塞术效果肯定。由于部分性脾栓塞能够保留患者脾脏的完整性，以完成其生理免疫功能，同时有效地改善了外周血象，并发症明显降低，因此，已成为脾功能亢进的替代疗法，是目前的非手术治疗手段。     

Partial splenic embolization in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: Effects on portal hemodynamics

Partial splenic embolization (PSE) was performed on patients with liver cirrhosis to control hypersplenism and gastroesophageal varices. In this study, we evaluated the effects of PSE on the portal hemodynamics and hepatic function of 17 cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The mean splenic volume and the peak platelet count increased significantly and the splenic vein pressure decreased significantly after PSE. However, the portal blood flow did not change. Changes in the 15-min retention rate of indocyanine green and the arterial ketone body ratio were not significant, but the redox tolerance index increased from 0.24 ± 0.28 × 10^?2 to 0.59 ± 0.35 × 10^?2. These results suggest that PSE may reduce perioperative risks in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are candidates for hepatic resection.     

双介入治疗肝硬化门脉高压和脾功能亢进症

目的 探讨经颈内静脉肝内门体分流术(Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,TIPS)和部分脾栓塞术(Partial splenic embolization,PSE)联合治疗肝硬化门脉高压及脾功能亢进症的疗效.方法 30例均为肝硬化门脉高压及脾功能亢进症患者,行TIPS术后再行PSE术.用超声检测门、脾静脉内径、门脉主干血流速度、脾脏长径和厚度;血细胞分析仪检测血象.结果 30例患者TIPS术后的门脉压力较术前降低(P＜0.01).门、脾静脉内径较术前缩小(P＜0.01),门脉主干血流速度较术前增快(P＜0.01);术后3～6月的脾脏长径及厚度、白细胞、血小板及血红蛋白较术前均无明显变化(P＞0.05).30例患者PSE术后的门、脾静脉内径、门脉主干血流速度与TIPS术后的比较无明显变化(P＞0,05);而白细胞、血小板及血红蛋白较TIPS术后明显升高(P＜0.01),脾脏长径和厚度较TIPS术后缩小(P＜0.05).结论 联合TIPS和PSE术治疗,能有效降低肝硬化患者的门脉压力,同时又能缓解脾功能亢进.     

Effect of release‐controlled nifedipine on portal hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients

OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the therapeutic effect of release‐controlled nifedipine on portal hypertension. METHODS : Thirty‐two cirrhotic patients were enrolled to investigate, by using duplex Doppler ultrasonography, differences in portal hemodynamics before and after treatment with release‐controlled nifedipine (30 mg once per day). RESULTS : After taking nifedipine, the diameter, blood velocity and blood flow of the portal vein decreased, but only the change in velocity was statistically significant. After treatment, the congestion index increased, and the blood velocity and blood flow of the splenic vein significantly decreased. The resistance and pulsatile indices of the right hepatic and splenic arteries also decreased markedly. The total hepatic blood flow was elevated slightly and there were no significant changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate. CONCLUSIONS : The resistance and pulsatile indices of the hepatic and splenic arteries are representative indices of portal resistance. Release‐controlled nifedipine may decrease portal pressure by the following mechanisms: (i) decrease of systemic blood pressure triggers the sympathetic reflex, leading to splanchnic artery constriction and portal blood flow reduction; (ii) dilatation of the portal vein and sinusoids leads to decrease portal resistance; and (iii) dilatation of the collateral veins. Nifedipine has no significant effect on systemic circulation in normotensive cirrhotic patients, therefore it has good prospects as a drug for clinical use in portal hypertension.     

部分脾动脉栓塞术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的疗效及安全性观察

[目的]探讨部分脾动脉栓塞术(PSE)治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的临床疗效及安全性。[方法]对48例不同原因肝硬化门静脉高压患者行PSE治疗,观察术前及术后1周、1、3、6个月血常规、肝功能、脾脏厚度、脾静脉和门静脉内径、Child-Pugh分级变化及并发症情况。[结果]PSE后患者白细胞和血小板计数均明显升高(P0.01);术后1个月患者脾静脉和门静脉内径明显缩小(P0.05,P0.01),术后6个月脾脏厚度明显缩小(P0.05);术后患者凝血酶原时间缩短(P0.01),总胆红素升高(P0.01),但谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶及ChildPugh分级变化PSE前、后差异无统计学意义(P0.05);PSE后并发症较多,但未发现严重的并发症。[结论]PSE治疗肝炎肝硬化门静脉高压症合并脾功能亢进安全有效。     

脾动脉栓塞治疗肝硬化继发脾脏功能亢进的临床效果观察

目的 探讨脾动脉栓塞术（PSE）治疗肝硬化继发脾脏功能亢进的临床效果.方法 选取我院肝硬化继发脾脏功能亢进患者80例,其中研究组48例,行脾动脉栓塞术;对照组32例,行脾脏切除术,比较两组患者的出血量、住院时间、术后恢复、并发症等.结果 与对照组比较,研究组患者的住院时间缩短、出血量减少,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组患者术后不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）;PSE后脾局部梗死后门静脉内径减小,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 PSE治疗肝硬化继发脾脏功能亢进临床效果显著,微创易恢复,门静脉宽度变窄,门脉压力降低.     

部分脾栓塞联合心得安预防食管胃底静脉曲张再出血的研究

[目的]评价部分脾动脉栓塞术（PSE）联合心得安预防食管胃底静脉曲张再出血的临床疗效.[方法]55例食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血患者,随机分为两组,其中心得安组28例,PSE联合心得安组27例,比较两组患者外周血象变化,门静脉、脾静脉管径变化,以及3个月、6个月、1年、2年不同时间段的再出血率、病死率和并发症情况.[结果]术后1个月PSE联合心得安组较心得安组外周血白细胞及血小板显著升高,门静脉及脾静脉管径明显缩小,再出血率降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.[结论] PSE联合心得安预防食管胃底静脉曲张再出血较单独使用心得安有更好的疗效.     

Complications of Partial Splenic Embolization in Cirrhotic Patients

In recent years, partial splenic embolization (PSE) has been widely used in patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism caused by portal hypertension. We investigated the complications associated with PSE cases seen in our hospital. Seventeen cases of liver cirrhosis that had undergone PSE were examined to investigate the complications associated with it. Mean infarcted area of the spleen was 66.2%. Leukocyte and platelet counts in 16 of 17 patients were seen to improve after PSE and persisted for at least one year. The most frequent side effects were abdominal pain (82.4%) and fever (94.1%). Severe side effects were seen in two of those 17 patients. One patient died from acute on chronic liver failure. The other patients contracted bacterial peritonitis and splenic abscess and needed drainage of splenic abscess before recovery. These two cases were in Child-Pugh class B. In conclusions, PSE is a useful treatment for patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism caused by portal hypertension. However, the possibility of severe complications, especially in patients with noncompensated cirrhosis, should be kept in mind.     

Short-term Effects of Hepatic Arterial Buffer Responses Induced by Partial Splenic Embolization on the Hepatic Function of Patients with Cirrhosis According to the Child-Pugh Classification

Objective This study primarily aimed to investigate the short-term effects of partial splenic embolization (PSE) on the Child-Pugh score and identify predictive factors for changes in the score caused by PSE. The secondary aim was to analyze changes in various parameters at one month postoperatively using these identified factors. Methods Between September 2007 and December 2019, 118 patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism underwent PSE at our hospital. Testing was conducted preoperatively and at one month after PSE. Results Overall, the Child-Pugh score was not significantly changed postoperatively. The Child-Pugh score before PSE was identified as the strongest independent predictor of ameliorated and deteriorated Child-Pugh scores after PSE. Higher pretreatment Child-Pugh scores were correlated with higher posttreatment amelioration rates of the score. A significant decrease in the portal vein diameter and a significant increase in the common hepatic artery diameter were evident at the same level postoperatively in 64 patients with Child-Pugh class A (group A) and in 54 patients with Child-Pugh class B or C (group B/C) preoperatively. According to Murray''s Law, PSE resulted in decreased portal venous flow and increased hepatic arterial flow, suggesting a hepatic arterial buffer response (HABR) induced by the procedure. Despite equivalent splenic infarction rates and similar posttreatment changes in hepatic hemodynamics, PSE significantly increased the Child-Pugh score of group A; however, the procedure significantly decreased the score of group B/C. Conclusion Considering original portal venous-hepatic arterial hemodynamics, PSE is expected to produce HABR-mediated hepatic functional improvements in cirrhosis patients with Child-Pugh class B/C.