封闭治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的新方案

目的探讨不同封闭治疗方案对桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎疗效的影响。方法选取72例桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎患者,随机分为2组。对照组采用传统方案对桡骨茎突进行局部封闭治疗,观察组则在对照组基础上对患侧的前臂桡侧近端进行封闭治疗。比较治疗前、治疗后1周、4周、8周2组患者的视觉疼痛评分(VAS)及Cooney腕关节评分。结果 2组治疗后1周、4周、8周的VAS评分均较治疗前降低,Cooney腕关节评分较治疗前升高;但观察组治疗后各时间点的VAS评分显著低于对照组,Cooney腕关节评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者Finkelstein征阳性率治疗后8周分别降为33.3%、11.1%,观察组有效率明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论桡骨茎突局部与患侧前臂桡侧近端同时封闭,治疗效果优于单纯桡骨茎突局部封闭。     

超声引导下药物注射联合针刀治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎

目的探讨超声引导下药物注射联合针刀治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床价值。方法将52例桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎患者随机分为超声组和对照组,每组各26例。对超声组先行超声检查,观察桡骨茎突处的拇长展肌和拇短伸肌肌腱、腱鞘改变及毗邻关系;选择最佳穿刺点,于实时超声引导下行药物注射联合针刀治疗。对照组根据触诊定位进行药物注射及针刀治疗治疗。采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者疼痛程度,并采用Quinnell评分评估腕关节功能,并进行统计学分析。结果超声组与对照组术前VAS评分、Quinnell评分差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。对超声组均成功完成超声引导下药物注射联合针刀治疗,对照组亦均按触诊定位完成药物注射及针刀治疗。术后1周,超声组及对照组VAS评分、Quinnell评分均明显低于术前(P均0.05),且超声组VAS评分、Quinnell评分均明显低于对照组。结论超声引导下药物注射联合针刀治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎疗效确切。     

中医电针联合体外冲击波治疗创伤性桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床疗效

目的观察电针联合体外冲击波疗法(extracorporeal shock wave therapy,ESWT)治疗创伤性桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床疗效。方法选取2013年1月至2015年3月在新疆体育职业技术学院附属运动创伤医院门诊收治确诊的36例创伤性桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎患者,随机分为ESWT组、电针组和联合组,每组12例。ESWT组只进行ESWT治疗;电针组只进行电针治疗;联合组采用ESWT联合电针交替治疗,即首日采用ESWT治疗,次日采用电针治疗,治疗期间如此循环交替。三组患者在治疗前和治疗后的第1、2、4和8周分别进行VAS疼痛评分,并且在治疗后第8周采用VAS评分加权值评定临床疗效。结果 (1)三组患者VAS评分在治疗后各时间点均比治疗前明显下降,并且联合组又低于ESWT组和电针组(P0.05);ESWT组在治疗后第8周VAS评分改善优于电针组(P0.05);ESWT组及联合组VAS评分逐渐下降,但电针组第8周VAS评分却有升高;(2)联合组治愈率明显优于ESWT组和电针组,ESWT组治愈率优于电针组(P0.05)。结论 ESWT和电针对治疗创伤性桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎均具有临床疗效,但二者联合治疗明显优于单一治疗,具有近期和远期疗效方面的双重优势,不但可以让ESWT发挥即时的镇痛效果,还能弥补电针治疗远期疗效差的不足。     

体外冲击波结合足部牵拉训练治疗足底筋膜炎的疗效观察

[目的]探讨体外冲击波结合足部牵拉训练治疗足底筋膜炎的疗效。[方法]47例足底筋膜炎患者被分为体外冲击波治疗组(对照组)23例与体外冲击波结合足底牵拉训练组(试验组)24例。两组患者均使用德国STORZ公司放散状冲击波治疗机进行标准治疗,治疗探头DI15,治疗压力100²00 kPa,治疗频率10 Hz,冲击计量3 000,治疗3次,间隔时间7 d,治疗部位均为患侧跟骨内侧结节处;试验组在体外冲击波治疗的基础上再结合足部牵拉训练治疗。治疗前和末次治疗4周及12周后,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者疼痛强度。[结果]治疗前两组患者VAS评分相近,末次治疗4周及12周后,VAS评分均显著低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);末次治疗4周后对照组患者的VAS评分与试验组相比,两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组的治愈率和有效率分别为13%和86.9%,试验组的治愈率和有效率为25%和95.8%;末次治疗12周时对照组患者的VAS评分与试验组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组的治愈率和有效率分别为34.8%和86.9%,试验组的治愈率和有效率分别为41.7%和100%。[结论]体外冲击波治疗足底筋膜炎是一种快速、有效的方法;在体外冲击波治疗的基础上结合足部牵拉训练对远期疗效更显著,对疗效的维持更长久,对疾病恢复更有好处。     

关节镜手术治疗桡骨茎实狭窄性腱鞘炎患者90例临床分析

目的探讨桡骨茎实狭窄性腱鞘炎患者关节镜手术治疗的临床效果。方法选择2013年5月至2017年8月本院收治的175例桡骨茎实狭窄性腱鞘炎患者作为本次研究的观察对象,根据随机数字法将其分为观察组(n=90)和对照组(n=85)。对照组患者采用采用腱鞘切开手术治疗,观察组患者采用关节镜治疗。比较两组患者治疗疗效、VAS评分以及肿胀评分。结果观察组患者治愈、显效、有效、无效分别占65.00%、20.00%、、3.75%、1.25%,对照组患者治愈、显效、有效、无效分别占48.53%、20.59%、、22.06%、8.82%。观察组总有效率为98.75%,显著高于对照组91.18,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗1周、1月后观察组患者VAS评分及肿胀评分均明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者满意率为97.78%,显著高于对照组满意率84.71%,比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论桡骨茎实狭窄性腱鞘炎患者采用关节镜手术治疗取得显著的治疗效果,减轻患者的疼痛,值得推广使用。     

关节镜下治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的病例对照研究

目的 :探讨关节镜下治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床疗效。方法 :2009年8月至2013年7月收治桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎患者99例,分为3组:关节镜治疗组(32例,男6例,女26例),外科手术切开腱鞘组(34例,男7例,女27例)和封闭治疗组(33例,男6例,女27例)。观察并比较3组在治疗前、治疗后1周和治疗后1个月腕部及拇指静息状态下疼痛程度、活动状态下疼痛程度、局部压痛程度、局部肿胀情况、腕部及拇指活动情况及总体症状评分方面的差异。同时计算3组在不同时间点的总有效率。结果:随访1周和1个月后,关节镜治疗组和外科手术切开腱鞘组活动疼痛评分低于封闭治疗组(P=0.044和0.039)。1个月后关节镜治疗组和外科手术切开腱鞘组局部压痛评分低于封闭治疗组(P=0.017)。随访1周和1个月后关节镜治疗组和外科手术切开腱鞘组总体症状评分均低于封闭治疗组(P=0.007和0.015)。治疗后随访1周关节镜治疗组、外科手术切开腱鞘组和封闭治疗组总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.213),但随访1个月后总有效率差异有统计学意义(P=0.006)。结论:相比传统手术切开腱鞘治疗和封闭治疗,关节镜下治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎疗效满意,手术创伤小,安全性高,并发症少,在狭窄性腱鞘炎治疗中有一定的优越性。     

放散状体外冲击波治疗髌腱炎的时效性研究

目的探索放散状体外冲击波治疗髌腱炎的时效性,同时评价其临床疗效。方法搜集2016年4月至2018年12月间在我院接受放散状体外冲击波治疗或局部封闭治疗的髌腱炎患者资料,筛选出符合入选标准的患者共84例,按照接受的治疗方案分别纳入体外冲击波组(A组)和局部封闭治疗组(B组)。A组38例,其中男性20例,女性18例,年龄21～40岁,平均(29.6±5.5)岁;B组46例,其中男性22例,女性24例,年龄22～39岁,平均(29.6±5.3)岁。通过对比两组患者治疗前后不同时间点的视觉模拟评分(visual analogue score,VAS)和临床疗效,探索治疗可能存在的时效性。结果治疗前,两组患者的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗结束1周时及治疗结束1个月时两组患者的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而治疗结束3个月时A组的VAS评分明显低于B组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后各时间点的VAS评分均较治疗前降低(P0.01)。与治疗结束1周时相比,A组治疗结束1个月及治疗结束3个月时的VAS评分均有所降低(P0.05),而B组的VAS评分无明显变化(P0.05)。与治疗结束1个月时相比,A组治疗结束3个月时的VAS评分有所降低,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);B组治疗结束3个月时的VAS评分则有所增高(P0.05)。两组在治疗后各时间点的临床疗效差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论放散状体外冲击波对髌腱炎疼痛的缓解具有明显的时效性,疗效较局部封闭治疗持久可靠。但两种治疗方法对疼痛的缓解在时间上各有特点,临床上应根据患者需求灵活选用。     

体外冲击波结合中药熏蒸治疗足底筋膜炎的临床分析

目的探讨径向型体外冲击波结合中药熏蒸治疗足底筋膜炎的临床疗效。方法 2015年6月-2017年3月将60例足底筋膜炎患者分为三组进行治疗,第1组行中药熏蒸治疗;第2组行冲击波治疗,使用的是韩国SONOTHERA公司提供的径向型体外冲击波疼痛治疗仪进行标准治疗,治疗探头20mm,治疗压力为2.5~3.5 bar,冲击计量2 000,治疗3次,间隔时间3 d,治疗部位为患侧跟骨内侧结节处;第3组进行中药熏蒸和体外冲击波联合治疗,治疗参数与1,2组相同。三组患者在治疗前和末次治疗1周,4周,8周后,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、疼痛问卷评分评估患者疼痛强度。结果治疗前三组患者VAS评分相近,末次治疗1周,4周,8周后,VAS评分均显著低于治疗前,且联合组下降明显高于中药熏蒸组和体外冲击波组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);体外冲击波组和联合治疗组VAS评分逐渐下降,但中药熏蒸组在治疗后8周有所上升,联合治疗组治愈率比体外冲击波组和中药熏蒸组高,体外冲击波组治愈率比中药熏蒸组高(P0.05)。结论中药熏蒸和体外冲击波治疗足底筋膜炎均是一种有效的方法,但两者联合治疗明显优于单一治疗,对远期疗效更显著,对疾病恢复更有好处。     

超声引导下微创松解术联合曲安奈德治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的疗效评价

目的探讨超声引导下微创松解术联合曲安奈德治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2016-05—2018-08诊治的72例狭窄性腱鞘炎,40例采用超声引导下微创松解术联合曲安奈德治疗(观察组),32例采用腱鞘切开术联合曲安奈德治疗(对照组)。比较2组治疗后1、4、8、12周疼痛VAS评分与近掌指关节活动度。结果 72例均获得随访,随访时间3个月,随访期间所有患者均未复发。对照组出现4例切口皮肤浅表感染,3例体征异常,2例皮肤过敏;观察组仅3例出现皮肤浅表感染。观察组与对照组治疗后疼痛VAS评分与近掌指关节活动度均明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。观察组治疗后1、4、8、12周疼痛VAS评分与近掌指关节活动度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论超声引导下微创松解术联合曲安奈德治疗狭窄性腱鞘炎疗效安全可靠,创伤小、复发率低,近掌指关节活动度改善明显。     

非手术与抗骨质疏松治疗老年桡骨远端骨折

[目的]评价非手术联合抗骨质疏松治疗老年骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的治疗效果。[方法] 34例骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的老年患者随机分为两组,两组患者均采用闭合复位、石膏固定治疗。随后17例给予口服阿仑膦酸钠片和罗钙全,或钙尔奇D治疗;17例给予口服维生素C和维生素E等安慰剂。比较两组临床与影像资料。[结果]两组患者均顺利接受闭合骨折复位、石膏固定术。治疗组恢复完全负重活动时间显著早于对照组(P0.05)。与复位后3个月相比,末次随访时两组患者VAS和PRWE评分均显著减少(P0.05),而腕背伸-掌屈ROM显著增加(P0.05)。复位后3个月和末次随访时,治疗组的VAS和PRWE评分均显著低于对照组(P0.05);末次随访时,治疗组ROM显著大于对照组(P0.05)。影像方面,治疗组影像骨折愈合时间显著早于对照组(P0.05)。末次随访时,治疗组桡骨茎突高丢失小于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]对老年骨质疏松性骨折手法复位石膏固定后,及时抗骨质疏松药物治疗有利骨折愈合和功能恢复。     

Free transfer of the radial forearm flap with preservation of the radial artery

One of the main disadvantages of the radial forearm flap is the sacrifice of a major artery. To overcome this drawback the authors describe a technique of free transfer of the flap with preservation of the radial artery. The flap is elevated as a distal row perforator-based fasciocutaneous flap with a very short segment of the radial artery included in the inverted-T-shaped arterial pedicle. The venous outflow of the flap is provided by the cephalic vein, with accompanying veins of the radial artery left behind. Although the donor radial artery is repaired primarily, the flap is transferred to reconstruct a soft-tissue defect resulting from the release of a neck contracture after radiotherapy in a 42-year-old patient who had previous excision of a mandibular osteosarcoma. The arterial anastomosis was performed end to end between the superior thyroid artery and one limb of the arterial pedicle, with the other limb ligated. The venous anastomosis was performed end to end between the cephalic vein and the external jugular vein. The flap survived completely and a satisfactory result was obtained. The radial artery is demonstrated to be patent long after surgery, both with Allen's test and with a Doppler examination. Considering the possible sequelae of the sacrifice of the radial artery, this technique is obviously advantageous to such patients, even with a nonsatisfactory preoperative Allen's test. This perforator-based radial forearm flap is very easy to raise and to transfer, with anastomoses of large-diameter vessels.     

Anomaly of the radial artery encountered during elevation of the radial forearm flap

Anomalies of the radial artery do occur although they are uncommon. During elevation of a radial forearm flap, one of these unusual anomalies was encountered. This anatomic variation located at the wrist level, might result in a falsely positive Allen's test.     

人工桡骨头置换术治疗桡骨头粉碎性骨折

目的 :探讨人工桡骨头假体置换术治疗桡骨头粉碎性骨折的近期疗效。方法:自2011年6月至2015年6月,采用人工桡骨头置换术治疗桡骨头粉碎性骨折25例,男10例,女15例;年龄24~61岁,平均40岁。分析不同时期患者患肢肘关节功能恢复情况,与健侧比较肘关节的活动度情况及末次随访时患侧肘关节功能评价情况。结果:25例均获随访,时间12~48个月,平均26个月,无感染、肘关节不稳定、下尺桡关节半脱位、骨化性肌炎等并发症发生。术后6、9个月及末次随访患者的VAS疼痛评分、Broberg和Morrey肘关节功能评分与术后3个月比较均改善(P0.05)。肘关节的屈伸活动度、旋转活动度在术后3、6、9个月与健侧差异有统计学意义(P0.01),但末次随访时与健侧比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时根据Broberg和Morrey肘关节功能评分标准,优16例,良7例,可2例。结论 :人工桡骨头置换术治疗无法修复的桡骨头粉碎性骨折,能最大程度恢复肘关节的稳定性,早期进行功能锻炼,预防和减少并发症的发生,近期疗效满意,远期疗效待进一步观察。     

The radial artery forearm flap: an anomaly of the radial artery

The radial forearm flap derives its blood supply from the radial artery. Anatomical variations of this vessel are uncommon. This report describes an anomaly which has relevance for the radial forearm flap.     

Fractures of the radial head and neck treated with radial head excision

BACKGROUND: The reported long-term outcomes of the treatment of radial head and neck fractures with excision of the radial head have been mixed. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of primary or delayed radial head excision for the treatment of these fractures. METHODS: Sixty-one individuals (mean age, forty-four years) with thirty-nine Mason type-II, ten Mason type-III, and twelve Mason type-IV fractures were evaluated subjectively, objectively, and radiographically at a mean of eighteen years (range, eleven to thirty-three years) after treatment. Forty-three fractures were treated with primary radial head excision, and the remaining eighteen were treated with delayed radial head excision at a median of five months (range, one to 238 months) after the injury. RESULTS: At the time of follow-up, twenty-eight individuals had no symptoms, twenty-seven had occasional elbow pain, and six had daily pain. Four individuals with daily pain had had a Mason type-IV fracture. The range of motion of the formerly injured upper extremities was slightly less than that of the uninjured upper extremities in terms of flexion (139 degrees +/- 11 degrees compared with 142 degrees +/- 8 degrees ), extension (-7 degrees +/- 12 degrees compared with -1 degrees +/- 6 degrees ), and supination (77 degrees +/- 20 degrees compared with 85 degrees +/- 10 degrees ) (all p < 0.01). A higher percentage of formerly injured elbows than uninjured elbows had cysts, sclerosis, and osteophytes (73% compared with 7%; p < 0.001), but none had a reduced joint space. No differences were found between the outcomes for individuals treated with a primary radial head excision and those for individuals treated with a delayed excision. CONCLUSIONS: Following a displaced radial head or neck fracture, excision of the radial head often leads to a good or fair result. We found no differences in outcome between primary and delayed radial head excisions following a Mason type-II, III, or IV fracture. The outcomes are associated with the type of fracture, with Mason type-IV fractures having the worst results, rather than with the timing of the radial head excision (primary or delayed).     

Nonunion of the radial head

A case of posterior fracture-dislocation of the elbow with a comminuted radial head fracture which subsequently went on to nonunion is reported. Radiographs at followup revealed a pseudoarthrosis of the radial neck, with at least part of the normal pronation and supination occurring through the pseudoarthrosis site.     

Fractures of the radial head

Recommendations regarding the management of radial head fractures have experienced an evolution over the past 2 decades. Prior recommendations consisted of early range of motion for nondisplaced fractures and radial head excision for displaced fractures. Development of improved surgical techniques and implants along with a better understanding of the biomechanics of the elbow have pushed recommendations toward restitution of the normal anatomy of the elbow by rigid open reduction and internal fixation of displaced radial head fractures. Radial head excision is recommended where rigid internal fixation is impossible, and prosthetic radial head replacement may be required with associated ligamentous instability of the elbow, forearm, or wrist. Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand